US2161096A - Conical-type stone crusher - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet l m n m G. H SCHI EFERSTEIN CONICAL-TYPE STONE CRUSHER Filed March 22, 1937' June 6, 1939.

June 6, 193,9. G. H. SCHIEFERSTEIN 9 CONICAIPTYPE STONE CRUSHER 2 sheets-sheet 2 Filed March 22,- 19:57

miiii'i'mii Patented June 6, 1939 PATENT OFFICE comma-ms STONE on'usnna Georg Heinrich Schieferstein, Beriin-Charlottcnburr, Germany Application March 22,1937, Serial No. 132,387 In Germany March 23, 1936 10 Claims.

'I'lnsinvention relates .to. a conical-type stone crusher. In the known stone crushers, a conical crushing member, provided with external teeth, is set in rotation, inside, a conical, internally toothed, hollow member, by means of an eccentric shaft. In such case very highreaction'forces are transmitted to the eccentric'driving'shaft and to other frictional members, thus causing heavy power losses and greatly reducing the efllciency of the crusher. I

The present invention is' based on the 'discovery that the powerful forces needed for crushing stone and, other materials can be advanlil tageously generated'and given a rocking motion in oscillatory system; and also that, by the employment of oscillatory systems, injurious frictional reaction forces can be.mainly or wholly prevented if the forces needed for. crushing be transmitted, through rigid masses, to elastic means, which yield up said forces with almost no loss except for the useful work performed.

The invention accordingly provides a stone crusher comprising a crus g mass, consisting of the interior cone and the attached outer casing, and a second mass forming the crushing shell, resilient means belngprovided between said two masses, said two-mass system being caused to describe circular oscillations,.with a phase displacement of 180,through a loose coupling, whereby a crushing action is produced.

In order more clearly to understandthe invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate diagrammatically and by way of example several typical embodiments thereofand in which:

Fig. 1 represents a vertical section through aconical crusher with a cylindrical outer casing; Fig. 2 is a plan of the same crusher, the cover 40 and outer cone being'partially'cut away;

Fig. 3 shows a section of "amodified conical crusher with a conical casing;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical section showinga modified form of drive;

the drive or Fig. 4; r

Fig. 5 is a 'fragnientaryvertical section of a further modified form of "driv'ef Fig. 5a is a fragmentaryvertical section of a detail of the. modificationof Fig. 5 and taken at right angles thereto; 1

Fig. 6 is a fragi'nelitary vertical section show-- ing an arrangement for adiusting the resilient I means between the members of the crusher; and Fig. '7- is a fragmentary vertical section show- By means Fig. 4a is a fragmentary horizontal section 6f ing a method of driving with weight.

In theconical crusher shown in Fig. 1, the inner crushing member a is designed as an externally conical bell, whilst the outer crushing member I) is in the form of an externally cylinan unbalanced drlcal, but internally conical, hollow member,

- which, in conjunction with the inner cone, forms.

an upwardly widening cavity opening into the, mouth of the crusher. The outer wall of the member b is surrounded by a plurality of rev silient bodies 0, which are attached to the cylindrioal casing d. These resilient bodies 0 are preferably composed of rubber, or like resilient material, and are in the form of a spherical segment, the elastic resistance of which increases at a more than linear rate,' with the result that the oscillations they transmit are inharmonic. Said bodies are provided in suflicient number to absorb the requisite forces. Since each rubber member transmits a force of several thousand kilograms, forces of many hundred thousand kilograms can be easily transmitted.

The casing d is connected with the inner crushing member a by means of spokes e or bolts. The casing d and with it also the inner crushing member a, is mounted on spring supports j, which allow of multilateral fiexional movements, i. e., the performance of circular oscillations; and the crushing member b is. suspended by ball joints 9, which allow said member also to swing in a closed circular path. ,The springs f are of any suitable form and in the embodiment shown compriseelongated resilient members having enlarged upper and lower ends, which ends are rigidly attached respectively to the member at and a base for supporting the crusher. In Fig. 3, instead of the upper ends of the springs 1 being attached to the member d, they are attached to the member I). To the casing d is attached, by screws or the like, a cover t in which are located the central feed hopper n and the screwbolts i.

of said bolts 1', to which the ball joints 9 are articulated, the crushing member I) can be. raised and lowered,.thereby controlling the aperture of the mouth of the crusher. Thegcrushing member 1:, or both crushing members, are fluted or toothed on the surfaces forming the mouth of the crusher. v

According to Fig. 1, the driving mechanism, the so-called loose coupling for producing the circular oscillation, comprises the shaft 20, which is actuatedby a pair of cone pinions n and r: and carries a crank In on its upper end. Said crank engages, by means of the pin 2, in a second crank It:

rotatably mounted on the crushing member a. On the shaft 10 being rotated, for example in an anticlockwise direction-that is, in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 1)the inertia of the inner crushing member a causes the latter to lag, or

diverge outwards in the direction of the arrow II (Fig. 2); that is, to draw nearer to the member b in the direction of the arrow I. If any material to be crushed be in the crusher, the dynamic energy of the inner member a will, in the first place, be transmitted, through the charge material, to the member 2) and compress the resilient means 0 with a certain phase displacement. Since both the crushing members are yieldably mounted, this phase displacement will, in accordance with Newton's law, increase rapidly, between the inner and outer crushing members, to 180, so that, as the result of their motive energy, the members a and b will transmit circular oscillations with a phase displacement of 180, to the charge material and--given proper dimensioning of the masses and the resilient means and weight ratios of the masses-brush the charge material aftera certain speed has been attained. The ball joints are protected against penetration of the resulting dust by means of bellows g1.

In the crusher shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the circular oscillations travel in horizontal planes and stress the resilient means, attached to the vertical walls d, at right angles to said walls. In the crusher shown in Fig. 3, the outer casing 02 is in the form of a cone, to the inner walls of which the elastic means 0 are attached. In this case also, the stressing is also here at approximately right angles to the conical casing d, the outer crushing member 17 having a somewhat reeling motion, this being permitted by its spring supports F. The inner member a is connected to the outer casing d by the screwbolts e1, and the drive is transmitted through a bell-shaped loose coupling is, which is actuated through the cone pinions r and T and describes reeling movements about the ball Joint 1111. To allow of these reeling movements, a ball joint pin 11, mounted in the middle of a crosshead t1, fits in an eccentric bearing I mounted on the cone pinion 7'. In this way, resilient means or on the inner surface of the member a are periodically compressed by the reeling bell k thereby causing the two crushing members to describe relative circular oscillations with a phase displacement of 180. Whereas, in the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the preliminary tension of the resilient means 0 is controlled by. tensioning devices, said tension is automatically produced in the crusher according to Fig. 3, by the weight of the two conical members a and b Owing to the slight reeling motion, the crusher according to Fig. 3, possessesadvantages over that of Fig. 1 insofar as the charge material describes somewhat rolling movements and is thus broken into the desired, approximately cubical, shape.

Figs. 4 and 5 show further typical embodiments of the drive (loose coupling), which are particularly suitable for crushers describing circular oscillations. According to Fig. 4, said coupling consists of a double cardan Joint, located inside the driving bell k said joint having four elliptical pins :rim4 arranged in axially allned pairs and surrounded by elliptical rubber rings zu-ua elliptical bearings 311-114. If such an arrangement be allowed to describe reeling circular 0scillations, by setting a centrally located ylindrical, barrel-shaped or spherical pin in rotation by means of an eccentric through a ball joint 21, the elliptical rubber rings u1u4 will offer elastic resistance to such movement and, in this manner, transmit energy to the crushing device. In this case, the reeling movement of the bell k is made possible by suspending said bell from a member w formed of a steel cable chain, or ball-headed steel link.

A still simpler drive is that shown in Fig. 5, in which the conical coupling 70 carries, on its lower end, a crosshead q with a ball joint in. Mounted on the cone pinion r is a link h, in which a link block 8 is adapted to travel radially towards both sides, so that a reeling motion is imparted to the bell k by the pair of cone pinions 11 and T through the ball joint '01. Fig. 5a is a vertical section of h and 8 taken at right angles to Fig. 5.

Fig. 6 represents an arrangement for adjusting e p minary tension of the elastic members c, as is required in the crusher shown in Fig. 1. The resilient members 0 are mounted on lever plates 17, which are hinged to the casing d and can be pressed, to a greater or smaller extent, against the crushing member I) by means of the set screws 0.

Fig. 7 shows a mass coupling in which a mass m in the interior of the hell it is set in rotation by known means and in turn causes the mass of the coupling bell k to move eccentrically as mass coupling.

Any other loose coupling may be employed for producing circular oscillations, moreover one of the two masses may be firmly embedded and the other mass allowed to describe circular oscillations about the same, for the purpose of setting up a crushing action. In such case, however, the mass balancing employed throughout in the crusher described in the foregoing is abandoned and correspondingly heavy foundations to withstand the resulting vibrations must be provided, as in the case of the known crushers. Nevertheless, all the other members, and their dimensions, can be retained without affecting the crushing effect.

I claim:

1. A conical type stone crusher comprising an inner crushing mass consisting of an externally conical member, an outer casing attached to said member, said casing including a wall portion surrounding said member in laterally spaced relation thereto, an outer crushing mass interposed between said wall and said member, said outer mass having an outer periphery substantially parallel to the inner periphery of said wall, said outer mass having a flared bore receiving said member and providing a crushing surface, substantially semispherical resilient members interposed between the outer periphery of said outer mass and said wall, means mounting each of said crushing masses for free and arcuate swinging independent of the other, driving means for imparting a circular swinging movement to one of said masses, a loose coupling connecting said driving means to said driven mass, said resilient members comprising means for transmitting the swinging movement of said driven mass to said other mass, the weights of said masses having a ratio to each other to permit said movement to be transmitted with a phase displacewhich, in turn, are retained in corresponding ment of whereby a crushing movement of said two masses is produced.

2. A conical type stone crusher comprising an inner crushing mass consisting of an externally conical member, an outer casing attached to said member, said casing including a wall portion surrounding -said member in laterally spaced relation thereto, an outer crushing mass interposed between said wall and said member, said outer mass having an outer periphery substantially parallel to the inner periphery of said wall, said outer mass having a flared bore receiving said member and providing a crushing surface, substantially semispherical resilient members interposed. between the-outer periphery of said outer mass andsaid wall, means mounting each of said crushing masses for free and arcuate swinging independent of the other, driving means for imparting a circular swinging movement to one oi. said masses, a loose coupling connecting saiddriving means to said driven mass, said resilient members comprising means for transmitting the swinging movement of said driven massto said othermass, the weights of said masses having a ratio to each other to permit said movement to be transmitted with a phase displacementoi 180 whereby acrushing movement of said two masses is produoed, said semispherical resilient members being formed of solid rubber.

3. A conical type stone crusher comprising an inner crushing mass consisting of an externally conical member, an outer casing attached to said member, said casing including a wall portion surrounding said member in laterally'spaced relation thereto, an outer crushing mass interposed between said wall and said member, said outer mass having an outer peripherysubstantially parallel to the inner periphery of said wall,'said outer mass having a flared bore receiving said member and providing a crushing surface, substantially semispherical resilient members interposed between the outer periphery of said outer massand said wall, means mounting each of said crushing masses for free and arcuate swinging independent of the other, driving means for imparting a circular swinging movement to one of said masses, a loose coupling connecting said driving means to said driven mass, said resilient members comprising means for transmitting the swinging movement of said driven mass to said other mass, the weights of saidmasses having a ratio to each other to permit said movement to be transmitted with a phase displacement of 180 whereby a crushing movement oi. said two masses is produced, said loose coupling comprising a other mass, the weights of said masses having a ratio to each other to permit said movement to be transmitted with a phase displacement of 180 crank rotatable by said driving means, and means connecting said crank to said bell-shaped member.

5. A conical type stone crusher comprising an inner crushing mass consisting of an externally conical member, an outer casing attached to said member, said casing including a wall portion surrounding said member in laterally spaced relation thereto, an outer crushing mass interposed between said wall and said member, said outer mass having an outer periphery substantially parallel to the inner periphery of said wall, said outer mass having a flared bore receiving said member and providing a crushing surface, sub-, stantial'y semispherical resilient members interposed between the outer periphery of said outer mass and said wall, means mounting each 01' said crushing masses for free and arcuate swinging independent of the other, driving means for imparting a circular swinging movement to'one crank rotatable by said driving means, a second mass having an outer periphery substantially parallel to the inner periphery ofsaid wall, said outer mass having a flared bore receiving said member and providing a crushing surface, sub? stantially semispherical resilient members interposed between the outer periphery of said outer mass and said wall, means mounting each of said crushing masses for free and arcuate swinging independent of the other, driving means for imparting a circular swinging movement to one Q of said masses, a loose coupling connecting said driving means to said driven mass, said resilient members comprising means for transmitting the swinging movement 01' said driven mass to l 0! said masses, a loose coupling connecting said driving means to said driven mass, said resilient members comprising means for transmitting the swinging movement of said driven mass to said other mass, the weights of said masses having a ratio to each other to permit said movement to be transmitted with a phase displacement of 180 whereby a crushing movement of said two masses is produced, said inner crushing mass being hollow, said loose coupling comprising a substantially bell-shaped member nesting in said hollow of said inner mass, resilient means interposed I between the periphery of said bell-shaped member and the inner periphery of said inner mass for transmitting actuating impulses to the latter, an eccentric driving member actuated by said driving means, means connecting said eccentric member to said bell-shaped member whereby to impart circular oscillations to the latter.

6. A conical type stone crusher comprising an inner crushing mass consisting of an externally conical member, an outer casing attached to said member, said casing including a wall portion surroundingsaid member in laterally spaced relation thereto, an outer crushing mass interposed between said wall and said member, said outer mass having an outer periphery substantially parallel to the inner periphery of said wall, said outer mass having a flared bore receiving said member and providing a crushing surface, substantially "sEH ispherical resilient membersinterposed between the outer periphery of said outer mass and sa d wall, means mounting each of said crushing masses for freeand arcuate, swinging independent of the other, driving means for impartinga circular swinging movement to one of said masses, a loose coupling-connecting said driving means to said driven mass, said resilient members comprising means for transmitting the swinging movement of said driven mass to said other mass, the weights of said masses having a ratio to each other to permit said movement to be transmitted with'a phase displacement of whereby a crushing movementzof said two masses is produced, said inner crushing mass being hollow. said loose coupling comprising a substantially bellshaped member nesting in said hollow of said inner mass, resilient means interposed between 5 the periphery of said bell-shaped member and the inner periphery of said inner mass for transmitting actuating impulses to the latter, a cardan joint connecting said driving means to said bellshaped member, said jointbeing formed to yield resiliently in the direction of its two spatial axes whereby to impart circular oscillations to said bell-shaped member.

'7. A conical type stone crusher comprising an inner crushing mass consisting of an externally conical member, an outer casing attached to said member, said casing including a wall portion surrounding said member in laterally spaced relation thereto, an outer crushing mass interposed between said wall and said member, said outer 0 mass having an outer periphery substantially parallel to the inner periphery of said wall, said outer mass having a flared bore receiving said member and providing a crushing. surface, substantially semispherical resilient members interposed between the outer periphery of said outer mass and said wall, means mounting each of said crushing masses for freeand arcuate swinging independent of the other, driving means for im-' parting a circular swinging movement to one of said masses, a loose coupling connecting said driving means to said driven mass, said resilient members comprising means for transmitting the swinging movement of said driven mass to said other mass, the weights of said masses having 5 a ratio to each other to permit said movement to be transmitted with a phase displacement of 180 whereby a crushing movement of said two masses is produced, said driving means including drive pinions, said inner crushing mass being 0 hollow, said loose coupling comprising a substantially bell-shaped member nesting in said-hollow of said inner mass, resilient means interposed between the periphery of said bell-shaped member and the inner periphery of said inner mass 5 for transmitting actuating impulses to the latter, a link block mounted for slidable movement in a straight line over said pinions, and a pin engagable in said block and connected to said bellshaped member whereby to impart circular oscilm lations to the same.

8. A conical type stone crusher comprising an inner crushing mass consisting of an externally conical member, an outer casing attached to said member, said casing including a wall portion 55 surrounding said member in laterally spaced relation thereto, an outer crushing mass interposed between said wall and said member, said outer mass having an outer periphery substantially parallel to the inner periphery of said wall, said 0 outer mass having a flared bore receiving said member and providing a crushing surface, substantially semispherical resilient members interposed between the outer periphery of said outer mass and said wall, means mounting each of said 05 crushing masses for free and arcuate swinging.

independent of the other, driving means for imparting a circular swinging movement to one of said masses, a loose coupling connecting said driving means to said driven mass, said resilient 70 members comprising means for transmitting the swinging movement of said driven mass to said other mass, the weights of said masses having a ratio to each other to permit said movement to be transmitted with a phase displacement of 76 180 whereby a crushing movement of said two masses is produced, said inner crushing mass being hollow, said loose coupling comprising a substantially bell-shaped member nesting in said hollow of said inner mass, resilient means interposed between the periphery of said bell-shaped member and the inner periphery of said inner mass for transmitting actuating impulses to the latter, an ofiset mass rotatable by said driving means, the rotating axis of said mass being connected to said bell-shaped member whereby to impart circular oscillations to the same.

9. A conical type stone crusher comprising an inner crushing mass consisting of an externally conical member, an outer casing attached to said member, said casing including a wall portion surrounding said member in laterally spaced relation thereto, an outer crushing mass interposed between said wall and said member, said outer mass having an outer periphery substantially parallel to the inner periphery of said wall, said outer mass having a flared bore receiving said member and providing a crushing surface, substantially semispherical resilient members interposed between the outer periphery of said outer mass and said wall, means mounting each of said crushing masses for free and arcuate swinging independent of the other, driving means for imparting a circular swinging movement to one of said masses, a loose coupling connecting said driving means to said driven mass, said resilient members comprising meansfor transmitting the swinging movement of said driven mass to said other mass, the weights of said masses having a ratio to each other to permit said movement to be transmitted with a phase displacement of 180 whereby a crushing movement of said two masses is produced, said inner crushing mass being hollow, said loose coupling comprising a substantially bell-shaped member nesting in said hollow of said inner mass, resilient means interposed between the periphery of said bell-shaped member and the inner periphery of said inner mass for transmitting actuating impulses to the latter, means connected to said bell-shaped member and actuated by said drive means for imparting circular oscillations to said bell-shaped member.

10. A conical type stone crusher comprising an inner crushing mass consisting of an externally conical member, an outer casing attached to said member, said casing including a wall portion surrounding said member in laterally spaced relation thereto, an outer crushing mass interposed between said wall and said member, said outer mass having an outer periphery substantially parallel to the inner periphery of said wall, said outer mass having a flared bore receiving said member and providing a crushing surface, substantially semispherical-resilient members interposed between the outer periphery of said outer mass and said wall, means mounting each of said crushing masses for free and arcuate swinging independent of the other, driving means for imparting a circular swinging movement to one of said masses, a loose coupling connecting said driving means to said driven mass, said resilient members comprising means for transmitting the swinging movement of said driven mass to said other mass, the weights of said masses having a ratio to each other to permit said movement to be transmitted with a phase displacement of 180 whereby a crushing movement of said two masses is produced, and means for adjusting the initial tension of said resilient members.

GEORG HEINRICH SCHIEFERSTEIN.

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