US2158050A - Motor fuel - Google Patents
Motor fuel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2158050A US2158050A US128929A US12892937A US2158050A US 2158050 A US2158050 A US 2158050A US 128929 A US128929 A US 128929A US 12892937 A US12892937 A US 12892937A US 2158050 A US2158050 A US 2158050A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- nitrates
- amyl
- ignition
- carbinitrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title description 62
- XNCKCDBPEMSUFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutyl nitrite;3-methylbutyl nitrite Chemical class CCC(C)CON=O.CC(C)CCON=O XNCKCDBPEMSUFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 19
- HSNWZBCBUUSSQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N amyl nitrate Chemical compound CCCCCO[N+]([O-])=O HSNWZBCBUUSSQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 11
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- -1 alkyl nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 8
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NTHGIYFSMNNHSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutyl nitrate Chemical compound CC(C)CCO[N+]([O-])=O NTHGIYFSMNNHSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate group Chemical group [N+](=O)([O-])[O-] NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N Atorvastatin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical class CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical class CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical class [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G59/00—Treatment of naphtha by two or more reforming processes only or by at least one reforming process and at least one process which does not substantially change the boiling range of the naphtha
- C10G59/02—Treatment of naphtha by two or more reforming processes only or by at least one reforming process and at least one process which does not substantially change the boiling range of the naphtha plural serial stages only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/23—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites
- C10L1/231—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one nitrogen-to-oxygen bond, e.g. nitro-compounds, nitrates, nitrites nitro compounds; nitrates; nitrites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/14—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving low temperature properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/1811—Organic compounds containing oxygen peroxides; ozonides
Definitions
- This invention relates to motor fuels, and more particularly to motor fuels having a low temperature of ignition,' which are adapted for solid injection engines of theDiesel typ
- This application constitutes a continuation in part of my application Serial Number 49,027 filed 7 advantages of Diesel type or compression igni- -tion engines are greater fuel economy and smaller 15 fire risk. They also have a high thermal ef- 20 great favor and the high speed engine operates" 25 low octane number and it is desirable to change flciency, simplicity of operation and construction and the elimination of carbureters and magnetos.
- the high speed Diesel type engine is' finding more efficiently and effectively with a motor fuel .having' a high octane number.
- most hydrocarbon products which aresuitable-for fuel with the-Diesel type engines have a the characteristics of the fuel in order to raise the octane number.
- One of the important fuel characteristics attendant a high octane number is a prompt ignition accompanied by a high rate r so of flame propagation.
- Another characteristic is a low temperature-of ignition. The lower are the temperatures at; which compression-ignitionfuels 'ignite, the lower may be the compression ratio of the engine burning the fuel and the more 36 easily may the. engine .be started.
- One important object of the present invention is to provide an accelerator by which the buming characteristics of a compression-ignition fuel may be effectively changed to increase its cetane devalue.
- Another object of the invention is to provlde.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a chemical compo 1 treating 1117- drocarbon distillates, particularly petroleum dis tillates, which have a, slow rate of flame propagation and a comparatively, high temperature of ignition whereby the burning characteristics of such fuels may be changed to lowerthe ignition temperature and increase the rate of flame propagation and the cetane value of the fuel in order fuel in to improve combustion.
- characteristics of a motonfuel is dependent upon the chemical structure of the hydrocarbons in the fuel. Paraf:
- the nitrites cetanenumbcr ofa thermore these lower alkyl nitrates are explosive having low boiling point and flash point ranges and present a strong fire hazard. They also fail to improve startability sufiiciently. It has been found, furthermore, that the lower alkyl nitrates are not completely soluble in hydrocarbon motor fuels and therefore it is necessary to use a blending agent in order to get them into solution in the motor .fuels. Due to the low solubility of the compounds there is a tendency for the highly volatile low boiling alkyl nitrates to come out of solution and the presence of these vapors inthe fuel tanks is a dangerous fire hazard, as well as being very explosive.
- One of the features of this invention is to provide an improved method of operating an internal combustion engine and particularly a compression ignition engine by burning the fuel therein in the presence 'of amyl nitrates-which act to herent in other accelerators and give a comparahaving a marked effect are the secondary butyl carbinitrate the primary iso-amyl nitrate and the tively large increase in the cetane value of hydrocarbon motor fuels.
- Amyl nitrates are more effeetive as ignition accelerators than lower alkyl nitrates.
- amyl nitrates Of the eight isomers of amyl nitrates the normal primary amyl nitrate appears to have the most marked effect'on the cetane value of hydrocarbon motor fuels; Other amyl nitrates normal and the symmetric secondary amyl nitrates. These compounds are plentiful and comparatively cheap to manufacture.
- the approximate ranges of boiling points of amyl nitrates are as follows: primary normal amyl nitrate boiling points 152-156 (2., secondary butyl carbinitrate 'boiling points 148-152 0., primary iso-amyl mtrate boiling points 146-l48 0., mixed primary amyl nitrates boiling points 146156 CQ, mixed secondary amyl nitrates boiling points 136-145 C., tertiary amyl nitrate boiling points 23- -27 C. at 4/5 mm.
- amyl nitrates which properly may be called pentyl nitrates are manufactured from corresponding alcohols derived from natural gas or petroleum products and have the followingmolecular formulae:
- the first three nitrates mentioned above are primary nitrates, the .next three are secondary and the seventh isomer is a tertiary nitrate.
- cetane value is substantially directly proportional to the percentage of amyl nitrates in the fuel. thermore the cetane value tends to increase along an almost straight line curve until more than percent by volume of the amyl nitrates has been used in modifying the fuel.
- amyl nitrates are substantially completely directly soluble inmost hydrocarbon distiliates in all proportions, do not require the use of blending agents and are non-corrosive.
- Pentyl nitrates comprised a mixture of about 10% primary (approximately 20% normal, 25% secondary butyl carbinitrate, 25% iso-am'yl): and of about 30% secondary amyl nitrates I (normal and diethyl carbinitrate)
- Primary amyl nitrates comprised approximately 30% normal amyl nitrate, 55% secondary butyl carbinitrate and 15% iso-amyl nitrate.
- a liquid fuel for compression ignition en- 4 erative property of amyl nitrates and therefore their removal is desirable, when amyl nitrates are used.
- a process of enhancing the cetane susceptibility of high sulfur Diesel oils comprising hydrocarbon distillates of the gas 011 type comprising refining the distillate to reduce the sulfur content to less than .25 percent by weight of .the distillate and dissolving in the distillate a-pentyl nitrate selected from the group consisting of normal butyl carbinitrate, secondary butyl carbinitrate, methylpropyl carbinitrate anddiethyl carbinitrate.
- a process of enhancing the cetane suscepticarbon distillates of the gas oil type comprising refining the distillate to reduce the sulfur content to' less. than .25- percent by weight of the distillate and dissolving a mixture of two or more pentyl mtrates in the distillate selected from the group consisting of normal butyl carbinitrate, secondary butyl carbinitrate, methylpropyl carbinitrate and diethyl carbinitrate'and wherein isobutyl carbinitrate may be mixed with one or more of the nitrates of .said group.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US128929A US2158050A (en) | 1937-03-04 | 1937-03-04 | Motor fuel |
| FR821211D FR821211A (fr) | 1937-03-04 | 1937-04-28 | Perfectionnements aux combustibles pour moteurs |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US128929A US2158050A (en) | 1937-03-04 | 1937-03-04 | Motor fuel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2158050A true US2158050A (en) | 1939-05-16 |
Family
ID=22437666
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US128929A Expired - Lifetime US2158050A (en) | 1937-03-04 | 1937-03-04 | Motor fuel |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2158050A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR821211A (fr) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2472152A (en) * | 1944-08-05 | 1949-06-07 | Union Oil Co | Diesel engine fuel |
| US2658340A (en) * | 1945-02-01 | 1953-11-10 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Apparatus for igniting fuel in fast-moving hot gas streams |
| US2698513A (en) * | 1947-12-29 | 1955-01-04 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Paraffin hydrocarbon fuel for and method of operating pulse-jet engines |
| US2785662A (en) * | 1953-04-06 | 1957-03-19 | Leonard D Boyce | Compositions and methods for removing deposits |
| US2854819A (en) * | 1946-01-23 | 1958-10-07 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Apparatus for igniting fuel in a fastmoving hot gas stream by means of a spontaneously ignitable pilot fuel |
| US2858200A (en) * | 1954-06-28 | 1958-10-28 | Union Oil Co | Diesel engine fuel |
| US2934047A (en) * | 1951-08-13 | 1960-04-26 | Sinclair Refining Co | Operation of internal combustion engines of the compression ignition type |
| US2934048A (en) * | 1955-10-13 | 1960-04-26 | Sinclair Refining Co | Composition |
| US4240801A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1980-12-23 | Ethyl Corporation | Diesel fuel composition |
| WO1987003295A1 (fr) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-06-04 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Accelerateur d'ignition |
| US5405417A (en) * | 1990-07-16 | 1995-04-11 | Ethyl Corporation | Fuel compositions with enhanced combustion characteristics |
| EP1516909A2 (fr) * | 2003-09-18 | 2005-03-23 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Procédé pour diminuer la quantité de péroxydes, pour diminuer les sédiments du combustible et pour augmenter la durabilité de l'élastomère du système de combustion, la stabilité du combustible et la durabilité de la couleur du combustible. |
| US11046903B2 (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-06-29 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Fuel additives with low NOx emissions |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE748638C (de) * | 1938-11-30 | 1944-11-09 | Dieseloele | |
| GB757086A (en) * | 1952-07-16 | 1956-09-12 | Socony Mobil Oil Co | Fuel oil composition |
| CA2040818A1 (fr) * | 1990-05-17 | 1991-11-18 | Lawrence J. Cunningham | Compositions de carburant a caracteristiques de combustion ameliorees |
| IL100669A0 (en) | 1991-05-13 | 1992-09-06 | Lubrizol Corp | Low-sulfur diesel fuel containing organometallic complexes |
| US5376154A (en) | 1991-05-13 | 1994-12-27 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Low-sulfur diesel fuels containing organometallic complexes |
| CA2078844A1 (fr) * | 1991-10-08 | 1993-04-09 | Lawrence J. Cunningham | Compositions de combustibles |
-
1937
- 1937-03-04 US US128929A patent/US2158050A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1937-04-28 FR FR821211D patent/FR821211A/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2472152A (en) * | 1944-08-05 | 1949-06-07 | Union Oil Co | Diesel engine fuel |
| US2658340A (en) * | 1945-02-01 | 1953-11-10 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Apparatus for igniting fuel in fast-moving hot gas streams |
| US2854819A (en) * | 1946-01-23 | 1958-10-07 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Apparatus for igniting fuel in a fastmoving hot gas stream by means of a spontaneously ignitable pilot fuel |
| US2698513A (en) * | 1947-12-29 | 1955-01-04 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Paraffin hydrocarbon fuel for and method of operating pulse-jet engines |
| US2934047A (en) * | 1951-08-13 | 1960-04-26 | Sinclair Refining Co | Operation of internal combustion engines of the compression ignition type |
| US2785662A (en) * | 1953-04-06 | 1957-03-19 | Leonard D Boyce | Compositions and methods for removing deposits |
| US2858200A (en) * | 1954-06-28 | 1958-10-28 | Union Oil Co | Diesel engine fuel |
| US2934048A (en) * | 1955-10-13 | 1960-04-26 | Sinclair Refining Co | Composition |
| US4240801A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1980-12-23 | Ethyl Corporation | Diesel fuel composition |
| WO1987003295A1 (fr) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-06-04 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Accelerateur d'ignition |
| US5405417A (en) * | 1990-07-16 | 1995-04-11 | Ethyl Corporation | Fuel compositions with enhanced combustion characteristics |
| EP1516909A2 (fr) * | 2003-09-18 | 2005-03-23 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Procédé pour diminuer la quantité de péroxydes, pour diminuer les sédiments du combustible et pour augmenter la durabilité de l'élastomère du système de combustion, la stabilité du combustible et la durabilité de la couleur du combustible. |
| US20050061749A1 (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2005-03-24 | Bennett Joshua J. | Method of reducing amount of peroxides, reducing fuel sediments and enhancing fuel system elastomer durability, fuel stability and fuel color durability |
| EP1516909A3 (fr) * | 2003-09-18 | 2005-06-22 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Procédé pour diminuer la quantité de péroxydes, pour diminuer les sédiments du combustible et pour augmenter la durabilité de l'élastomère du système de combustion, la stabilité du combustible et la durabilité de la couleur du combustible. |
| US7396450B2 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2008-07-08 | Afton Chemical Corporation | Method of reducing amount of peroxides, reducing fuel sediments and enhancing fuel system elastomer durability, fuel stability and fuel color durability |
| US11046903B2 (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-06-29 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Fuel additives with low NOx emissions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR821211A (fr) | 1937-11-30 |
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