US2152320A - Adding and calculating machine - Google Patents

Description

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ADDING AND CALCULATING MACHINE March 28, 1939.

Original Filed Feb. 3, 1931 17 Sheets-Sheet 5 REPEAT NON NON

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March 28, 1939. L. M. LLORENS ADDING AND CALCULATiNG MACHINE Original Filed Feb. 5. 1951 17 Sheets-Sheet 17 gvwautoz Patented Mar. 28, 1939 UNITED STATES ADDING AND CAIEULATING MACHINE Louis M. Llorens, New York, N. Y., assignor, by mesne assignments, to George Moore, Hastings on Hudson, N. Y.

Application February 3, 1931, Serial No. 513,112

Renewed September 3, 1937 14 Claims. (Cl. 235-60) This invention relates to adding and calculating machines, and the principal object is to produce a device of this nature which will be portable. To this end, incidental objects have been to use few parts, simple of construction, and each performing as much work as possible. Other objects have been to provide novel and simple differential mechanism, two-way carry mechanism, sign printing mechanism and various controls. Many other objects will appear from the following description and claims. The mechanism for this purpose is shown in the accompanying drawings made from a full size operating machine.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a machine embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a right side elevation of the same.

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the same.

Fig. 4 is a right side elevation just inside the cover.

, Fig. 5 is a top plan view with the cover and paper carriage removed.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially on line 66 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view with base-plate removed.

Fig. 8 is an elevation of the right side frame member with certain of the parts associated therewith.

Fig. 9 is a vertical section substantially on line 09 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 10 is a left elevation with the cover removed and the base and air-pot in section.

Fig. 11 is a vertical section substantially on line IIII of Fig. 5.

Fig. 12 is a vertical section substantially on line I2-I2 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 13 is a vertical front-to-rear section taken substantially thru the center of the machine, parts being shown in operated position.

Fig. 14 is a vertical section taken substantially on line I4I4 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 15 is a similar view taken substantially on line I5I5 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary perspective view of the "1 slide bar.

Fig. 1'? is a detail sectional view of the carriage indicator.

Fig. 18 is a vertical sectional view taken just inside the right-hand main frame plate.

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary perspective view of part of the total detent mechanism.

Fig. 20 is a vertical sectional view taken substantially in the plane of the left face of the right-hand intermediate plate.

Fig. 21 is a fragmentary detail section substantially on line 2I--2I of Fig. 20.

Fig. 22 is a detail view showing principally the ribbon mechanism.

Fig. 23 is a vertical section of the paper carriage taken just inside the left-hand frame thereof and looking toward the right.

Fig. 24 is a similar view taken substantially thru the middle of the carriage and looking toward the left, parts being broken away for the sake of clearness.

Like reference characters refer to like parts in all views.

Main framework (Figs. 1 to 6) The main framework of the machine includes a cover I00 which encloses most of the working parts of the machine and is provided with a sight-opening covered with a window IOI thru which the accumulator dials may be read. This cover rests upon a base plate I02 and is removably secured thereto by screws or other suitable means.

Rising from the base plate I02 are right and left side plates or frames I03 and I04 which are secured together and spaced apart by tie rods and tie plates, the essential ones of which will be hereinafter indicated by reference characters as the parts with which they are associated are described.

Beside the above frame elements there are also right and left intermediate plates or frames I05 and I06 which are secured to the plates I03 and I04 by tie rods.

Upon these several frame members are supported all of the working parts of the machine.

Numeral keys (Figs 1 to 13) The keyboard includes six special keys and ten digit keys I01. Each of the digit keys I01 is inscribed with its proper digit. Each significant digit key is secured to a respective key-lever I08 pivoted on a pivot rod I00 supported by the frame plates I03 and I04 of the machine. The 0 key is provided with two key-levers IIO which are also pivoted on the pivot rod I09. The several levers pivoted on rod I09 are spaced apart by suitable spacing collars III. Suitable springs II2 are connected to the key-levers I08 and H0 and support the same and return them to normal condition after each key-stroke. Springs II2 are anchored to a tie rod II3 which extends between frame members I03 and I04.

' ions their blow as well as eliminating considerable noise. A tie rod III passes from frame member I03 to frame member I04 under the key levers;

andcarries a rubber tube I I9 which limits depression of the keys, cushions their blow, and eliminates noisy action.

Numeral key interlock (Figs 4, 6, 7, 9 to 16) Means are provided for preventing the simultaneous depression of a plurality of digit keys and for preventing depression of any digit key when another digit key is in depressed position.

Secured to the inside of each of the side frame member? I03 and I04 are comb plates H9 and I20 which are spaced slightly from the respective frame members by slotted blocks I2I. The slots in the combs and blocks are in alignment and serve to guide and space apart nine slotted control slides I22, each of which is adapted to be moved from right to left by a respective digit key lever. The foremost slide I22 is controlled by the 1" key-lever. I09, and so on, so that the rearmost slide I22 is controlled by the "9" key-lever.

Each slide I22 is formed with a slot I23 for each of the key levers I09 and H0 and also with a slot I23 for the Non-print key lever (to be later described), and has its left end cut down to abutt the "Back-space key-lever (to be later described) if the same is depressed. The slots I23 of the several slides I22 are normally aligned with the several key-levers and the slot of any slide which receives the key of its own digit value is slightly widened toward the right; and a roller I24 is supported on the slides so as to be contacted by the respective key lever. Depression of any signiiicant digit key-lever causes the latter to strike the roller I24 of its respective slide I22 moving the latter to the left far enough to bring its slots other than the wide one for the depressed keylever, out of registry with the remaining several key-levers, so that no other key connected with the system may then be depressed until the depressed key returns to normal. when simultaneous depression of a plurality of keys is attempted, the respective slides are moved by their rollers and all keys are locked against eflective depression until all but one are returned to normal.

The "0" key-levers H0 and the Non-print key lever merely more into aligned slots I23 upon depression so that none of the slides I22 may be moved by a significant digit key; and the Backspace key-lever moves down to the left of all the slides I22 with similar results. Springs I25 return the slides I 22 to their right-hand or normal position and movement in this direction is limited by stops I26 formed on the slides I22 contacting the guide member II9.

Eflect of depressing a digit key Before going into details as to the effects produced by depression of a digit key, it may be well to consider the matter generally.

Depression of a significant digit key trips an escapement mechanism so as to permit a very slight movement of a preliminary representation carriage; throws a tiltable pinion into mesh with one or another of a plurality of racks on said carriage: trips a detent for the engaged rack so as to permit the same to move; moves the respective slide bar I22 so that its left end intercepts a universal slide bar, and causes the tiltable pinion to limit movement of the engaged rack; and locks the universal slide-bar against retrograde movement or chattering.

Return to normal of a depressed significant digit key causes the tiltable pinion to move out of engagement with the engaged rack; the detent to return into engagement with such rack; the digit slide bar I22 to return to normal; the universal slide bar to be unlocked and returned to normal; and trips the escapement back to normal so as to permit the preliminary representation carriage to complete one denominational step of movement.

Depression of the 0" key, locks the significant digit keys as already explained, and trips the escapement so as to permit a slight movement of the preliminary representation carriage. Return of this key trips the escapement back to normal so as to permit the preliminary representation carriage to complete one denominational step of movement, and unlocks the other digit keys.

With this general statement we shall pass to a consideration of these features in detail.

The preliminary representation carriage (Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14)

There is provided a carriage upon which a preliminary representation of items is set up by action of the keys prior to the entry of such items on the register. This carriage consists essentially of a carriage frame formed from a single piece of sheet metal bent so as to have legs I21 and I20 connected at their "rear ends by a portion I29. The front ends of legs I21 and I28 are connected by a bar I30.

Secured to the front ends of legs I21 and I29 are grooved wheels I3I which ride on top of a tie rod I32, and rollers I33 which underlie the said tie rod I32. The portion I29 carries a roller I34 which rides on a rear tie rod I35, and a finger I36 which underlies such rod. Finger I39 is not formed directly on portion I29 but is bent out from an intermediate carriage frame I3! which is secured to portion I29 and bar I30. By this construction the carriage frame is secured against possible movement in any direction laterally of the tie rods I32 and I35 but is free to move therealong, i. e., axially thereof.

A spring I38 tends constantly to drive the carriage from right to left as viewed from the front of the machine, and such movement is controlled by escapement mechanism which will now be described.

Carriage escapement (Figs. 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13)

The preliminary representation carriage is provided with a suitable step-by-step escapement stop mechanism, whereby the carriage is properly positioned for receiving digital values of the several desired denominational orders.

The key-levers IIO of the "0" key are adapted to engage with a short yoke I39 pivoted on the rod I09. The key-levers I I0 of the 0" key are cut away so as not to engage a second yoke and longer yoke I40 also pivoted on rod I09 and which longer yoke extends under all of the key-levers I09 of the significant digit keys I 01. Yoke I39 is formed with a lip I4I underlying the long bail I 40. It will thus be seen that when a significant digit key is depressed, both of the balls I39 and the machine.

I40 ,will be rocked, while when the key is depressed only the short bail I39 will be rocked.

Whenever the short bail I39 is rocked, it pushes rearwardly a link I42, the forward end of which is pivotally connected to the bail I39, and the rear end of which, is pivoted in the lower end of a stud I43 depending from a cross-bar I44 pivotally mounted in the side main frames I03 and I04 of The rearward movement of link I42 therefore effects rocking of the bar I44 against the tension of a spring I45 which normally holds the bar I 44 with a lug I46 formed thereon in contact with a stop-pin I41 projecting from the frame I04. a pin I40 projecting from the frame I03, and in holding bar I44 in normal position, also maintains link I42 and bail I39 in normal condition. The rocking of bar I44 is limited by a finger I49 engaging the top of pin I41.

The bar I44 is formed with a rigid stop tooth II, and carries a movable stop pawl I52 the movement of which in one direction is positively limited by a rigid pin I53, and is variably limited in the other direction by a lip I54 formed on the end of a pivoted stop member I55 also pivotally carried by the bar I44. The normal position of the stop member is determined by a finger I56 of the same engaging the front edge of the bar I44, being urged into such engagement by'a spring I51. The escapement stop pawl I52 is constantly urged toward the stop I54 by a spring I58, the tension of spring I51 being stronger than that of spring I58.

Normally, the movable stop pawl I52 is in engagement with a ratchet rack I59 which is rigidly secured to the carriage frame to move therewith. When the bar I44 is swung by the depression of one of the digit keys,. the pawl I52 is withdrawn from the rack I59 and the rigid stop tooth I5] is engaged therewith, thereby permitting the carriage to move very slightly, the stop face of the rigid tooth I5I being normally slightly to the left of the stop face of the pawl I52. As soon as the pawl I 52 is disengaged from the rack I59, its spring I58 causes it to move until it engages the lip I54, which holds the pawl I52 against further movement owing to the relative strengths of the springs I51 and I58. Upon releasing the depressed key, the plate I44 is swung back to normal by its spring I45 and thereby the movable pawl I52 is again engaged with the escapement ratchet rack I59 and tooth I5I is disengaged, whereupon the spring I38 draws the carriage to the left the rest of one denominational step until the pawl I52 again strikes the rigid stop I53.

In returning the carriage either for back-space operations or for carriage return operations as will be later described, the stop I55 permits the stop pawl I52 to be moved by the ratchet bar against the finger I54 and to rock the stop member I55 so that return movement of the carriage may be effected. Except for this, the stop finger I54 might be a pin.

Dz'fierential stop mechanism (Figs. 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13)

the requirements which the machine is built to fit.

Spring I45 is anchored to ferential stop members I60 are guided in slots.

or a comb out in the rear portion I29 of the carriage frame.

Each differential stop member I60 is constantly urged rearwardly by a respective spring I64, and is normally restrained by a respective restraining dog I65 mounted pivotally on a rod I66 supported by ears rising from the right leg I21 and the intermediate carriage frame member I31. Each dog I65 is'formed in the shape of a bail having an engagement tooth I50 in the plane of the respective differential stop member I60 and a releasing finger I61 lying in the plane next adjacent toward the right. As the carriage is stepped from right to left, one after another of the releasing fingers I61 is brought under a releasing element I 68 operable by the significant digit keys as will presently be set forth. Individual springs I69 tend constantly to throw the respective dogs into rack engaging position. The several differential stop members I60 are formed with racks I which co-operate with the dogs just men- 'tioned, and also with other instrumentalities Tiltable pinion (Figs. 6, 7, 9 i613) Means is provided for releasing the differential stop bars seriatim and for controlling the extent of movement of the same in accordance with the value of the digit key which effects the release of the same.

Secured to the left-hand side of the long bail I40 operable by the significant digit keys is a depending finger or arm I12 to the lower end of which is pivoted the front end of a link I13, the rear end of which is pivoted to the lower end of an arm I14 the hub of which is secured to a shaft I having its bearings in the left side frame I04 and in the right hand one I05 of two intermediate machine frames I05 and I06. A spring I16 tends constantly to draw link I13 forward and to hold the associated parts in normal position.

Rigidly secured to the shaft I15 near the intermediate frame member I05 is a forwardly extending arm I68 the curved front end of which normally over lies the releasing finger I61 of the left-hand retaining dog I65 (the retaining dog of the leftmost differential stop member).

Freely mounted in the front end of the arm I68 is the right-hand end of a tiltable shaft I18, the other end of which is freely rotatable in the main frame I04. Collars or other suitable means may be utilized to prevent endwise play oil the shaft I18. Secured to the tiltable shaft I18 near its right-hand end is a pinion I19 which normally lies in the plane of the leftmost differential stop

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