US2091717A - Combined typewriting and computing - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 31, 1937. H. L. PITMAN 2,091,717

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 25, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 31, 1937.

H. L. PITMAN COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed A ril 25, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVEN o Aug. 31, 1937. H. L. PITMAN I COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 25, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Aug. 31, 1937. L, PITMAN 2,091,717

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 25, 1932 I 5 sheats- -sheet 4 Aug. 31, 1937. H. L. PITMAN COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fild A ril 25, 1932 W O T N E V Patented Aug. 31, 1937 COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Henry L. Pitman,

mesne assignments, to Underwood Westfleld, N. J., assignor, by

Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application April 25, 1932, Serial No. 607,275

56 Claims.

This invention relates to combined typewriting and computing machines in which an indexing mechanism is set up by operation of the numeraltype-keys and the accompanying typewriter-carriage letter-feeding movements preparatory to running the typed amount into one or more totalizers.

This application has to do mainly with means whereby the states of a plurality of registers, in respect to adding, subtracting or non-computing, are selectively and individually determined preparatory to operation of the numeral-keys in a computing zone, and relates to my co-pending application, Serial No. 3 ,353, filed Decem r 7, 1928 (now Patent No. 1,927,951, dated September 26, 1933).

Each of the several registers with which the machine may be provided has a set of reciprocatory bars for rotating the dial-wheels, said bars being each provided with a row of digit-pins, the several pin-bar groups and the members thereof in their normal retracted positions being disposed in parallel and transversely aligned array across the computing mechanism which is surmounted by the typewriting machine. A row of digit-bars depressible edgewise extends across the pin-bars and over the pin-groups and has operative connections with the numeral-typekeys, so that, upon operation of any numeralkey, a corresponding digit-bar is depressed for setting corresponding digit-pins in the several sets of pin-bars.

The pin-bars are normally in retracted positions, so that a descending digit-bar passes idly between the pins. By advancing the pin-bars slightly to bring them under the key-operated digit-bars, the latter are enabled to set the pins. By the use of suitable trains extending from the pin-bars to the typewriter-carriage, this slight advance of the pin-bars is effected seriatim in denominational order. in any pin-bar group, by the letter-feeding movements or said carriage, it being understood that said movements accompany the operation of the numeral-type-keys, and that they are, in respect to the computing mechanism, denomination-determining steps.

As shown in my co-pending application, No. 472,610, filed August 2, 1930, a single or trunk set of denominational trains common to all the pinbar groups is acted upon by the carriage, each individual train being ramified to serve all the pin-bars of corresponding denomination in the several pin-bar groups. Each group of ramifications includes couplers shiftable as a group to connect said ramifications to the pin-bars, the

couplers being normally in ineffective positions. By meansof these shiftable couplers, it is determinable which group or groups of pin-bars shall be indexed during the passage of the carriage through a computing zone, and hence which reg- 5 ister or registers shall be called into action. A coupler-shifting train extends from each couplergroup to the carriage for control by the latter 4 as it enters and leaves a computing zone, said carriage having one or more tappets for selectively actuating the coupler-trains, and being thusenablecl to determine, preparatory to the denominational pin-bar-selecting operations by said carriage upon the denominational trunk or master trains, which groups of pin-bars are to be called into action.

Following the typing of an amount in a computing zone and the concomitant setting of corresponding digit-pins in one or more pin-bar groups, the machine may be cycled to run said amount into the registers of the selected pin-bar groups. The cycling mechanism or general operator includes a reciprocatory cross-bar extending transversely of and below all of the pin-bars, so that in the advance stroke of said cross-bar, the latter may engage the depressed pins and advance the bars to extents depending upon which digit-pins were depressed, it being understood that the several depressed pins form differently positioned lugs, on their respective pin-bars, and are projected into the path of said cross-bar. For rotating the register-dials, they have pinions and the pin-bars have racks, said bars being straightly elongate and extending from front to rear of the computing mechanism, the racks being at the forward ends of the pin-bars and the dial-wheel pinions overlying the racks and being normally out of mesh therefrom.

As shown in said application No. 324,353, the dial-wheels are rotatable in reverse directions, one direction being for addition, and the opposite direction being for subtraction. To accomplish opposite rotations of the dial-wheels, each pinbar rack has always in mesh therewith an idle I gear disposed behind the dial pinion, the dialpinions also being normally out of mesh with their respective idle gears.

At the beginning of the cycling operation and before the general-operator cross-bar starts the advance of any pin-bar, the selected register- Wheels are shifted either downwardly to mesh directly with the racks for rotation in one direction, as in addition, or else they are shifted rearwardly to mesh with the idle gears for rotation in the opposite direction, as for subtraction. The

register-wheels having thus been meshed one way or the other, the pin-bars are advanced forwardly to extents corresponding to the setting of the digit-pins, plus extra carrying steps, the latter being effected when required, by carry-over mechanism fully set forth in my co-pending application, No. 601,173, filed March 25, 1932, and hereinafter generally described. By the forward ad vance of the pin-bars, the indexed amount is ac cumulated in the dial-wheels which must be unmeshed from the racks, or from the idle gears if they have been meshed with the latter, before the general operator in its return stroke picks up any pin-bar. To enable-the general operator to return the pin-bars, each of the latter has a lug extending into the path of the generaloperator cross-bar. Said lugs are so disposed that there is an idle period at the beginning of the return stroke of said crossbar, which affords time for unmeshing the dial-wheels.

For shifting the dial-wheels, each set thereof is mounted in a frame arranged and mounted for swinging said frame, and hence the dial-wheels, downwardly and upwardly, for meshing and unmeshing the dial-pinions with or from the pinbar racks, as in addition, or for shifting said frame rearwardly and forwardly for meshing and unmeshing the dial-pinions with and from the aforesaid idle gears, as in subtraction. Each shiftable dial-frame includes two side plates, each side plate having at its rear a horizontal slot slidably fitting a cross-rod of the general framework. A tie-rod at the front ends of said plates spaces the latter apart and slides in a normally horizontal slot of a vibratory arm extending rearwardly from a fulcrum. Arms extending vertically from a fulcrum are also connected to the plates. It will be seen that if the horizontal arm is vibrated, the vertical arms remaining stationary, the dial-wheel frame, whose rear slots embrace the aforesaid cross-rod, will swing about the latter as a fulcrum, and thereby move the dials down or up, said dials being positioned on an arbor spaced substantially forward of said cross-rod. It will also be seen that if the vertical arms are vibrated, the horizontal arm remaining stationary, the frame will be shifted rearwardly or forwardly, being guided by its own horizontal slots and the slot in the stationary horizontal arm.

The present invention provides improved carriage-controlled state-determining means for each of the several registers, each state-determining means being normally held in a neutral state and being conditioned additively or subtractively concomitantly with the selection of its companion register. Thus, with a series of say seven registers, it is necessary for the carriage in entering a computing zone to act upon only one state-determining means if say only one register is to be called into action in said zone. As hereinbefore mentioned, a register is selected by shifting its aforesaid group of pin-bar couplers into effective position by the train extending from said coupler-group to the carriage. It will be remembered that there is one such train for each register. It is contrived to have the actuation of this train cause the withdrawal of a stop to release a corresponding state-determining means, to enable the latter, under a suitable influence, as, for example, a spring, to assume an additive position determined by a second stop, which may also be. withdrawn by the carriage, whereupon the state-determining means, still under said influence, will assume a subtractive position. Each register has its individual means including said stops.

It is also contrived that the several state-determining means may assume their selected positions as soon as the aforesaid latches are caused to be withdrawn by the carriage. Heretofore, state-determining means were restored by the general-operator cross-bar and, therefore, could not assume their selected positions until said cross-bar had advanced sufiiciently at the beginning of the cycling operation.

As has been mentioned, the cross-bar does not immediately pick up any pin-bar at the beginning of its advance stroke, and, therefore, there is anidle period at the beginning of the crossbar advance stroke, which affords time for meshing the dial-wheels with their drive-racks or with their idler gears. It is desired to allot as much as possible of this idle period to the meshing operation to avoid harsh abruptness of said operation. It is obviously a disadvantage, therefore, to use part of this idle period for enabling the state-determining means to assume their selected positions, it being understood that the dialwheels may not be meshed until said positions have been assumed, inasmuch as said positions determine whether the dial-pinions are to mesh with the racks or with the idler gears.

Immediate movement of the state-determining means to their selected positions as soon as the carriage is tabulated to a computing zone also affords a further advantage and novel feature of the present improvements, inasmuch as there are provided means actuated by a member whose position is a positive indication of the state of the state-determining means," and, by said actuated means, a positively correct and visible signal may be given to the operator as soon as the carriage enters a computing zone, so that said operator may observe what the ensuing state of each register will be in a subsequent cycling operation.

A further feature of the improvement resides in the provision of means whereby the dial-wheel meshing and unmeshing operations for the several registers, even though the latter are in different states in respect to adding or subtracting, are driven positively by the general operator.

Another feature of'the improvements resides in the provision of manually-operable. means, whereby any state of a register as determined by the carriage may be altered. In other words, while preserving the feature of causing the immediate movement of the state-determining means to their selected positions as an accompaniment of the selection of their corresponding registers, it is contrived by appropriate means to enable the resetting of said state-determining means of the selected registers to positions other than the positions determined by the carriage. Thus, if a state-determining means is caused by the carriage to be positioned for subtraction, it may, by manual controls, be changed for addition or for neutral, or a carriage-determinined addition-setting may be changed to neutral or subtraction.

For shifting the several registers differentially during a cycling operation, that is, some registers for addition and others for subtraction, or all registers for addition or all for subtraction, there is provided a rotary shaft, connected to the powerdriven gen-eral operator, and having cams driving positively in each direction a reciprocatory member connected to a rock-shaft which extends transversely in front of all the shiftable dialframes.

state-determining The aforesaid horizontal and vertical arms for each of said frames used to shift the latter to adding and subtracting positions are loosely mounted on said rock-shaft, which has additionally for each register a coupler slidable axially along and splined to said shaft. Sliding a coupler along said shaft in one direction preparatory to the cycling operation connects it with the corresponding vertical. arms, whereupon rocking of the shaft, at the beginning of said cycling operation, will shift the corresponding dial-wheel frame rearwardly to mesh the dial-pinions with the idler gears for subtraction. If the coupler is shifted in the opposite direction, it will be connected with the corresponding horizontal arm, so that in the rocking of said shaft, the dialwheels will be shifted downwardly to mesh with the racks for addition. Conversely, if the rockshaft be rocked in the opposite direction, the dialwheels will be unmeshed from the idler pinions in one case when the coupler is connected to the vertical arms, and from the racks in another case when said coupler is connected to the horizontal arm. The wheel-shifting coupler is normally in an intermediate position, in which case neither the horizontal arm nor the vertical arms are connected to the rock-shaft, and the register is then in a neutral state. This neutral state of a register may obtain during a cycling operation and its dial-wheels will therefore remain unmeshed during the cycling.

For shifting the rockable couplers and affording a non-rocking coupler-controller, there is provided for each coupler an auxiliary slide mounted for movement in coupler-shifting direction and having a notch articulated with a tongue of said couple'rin a manner to permit rocking of the latter.

The aforesaid latches, that is, the ones that are connected to respective pin-bar couplers of the several registers and the ones that are connected to a subtraction-setting train controlled by the carriage, are in the rear of the computing mechanism. Each pair of latches, that is, a subtraction-latch and a latch connected to a pinbar coupler, retains a straightly elongate slide extending from the rear of the machine to the front, and carrying at its front end a cam-head formed with a closed cam-groove for actuating the aforementioned non-rocking coupler-controller which has a downwardly-projecting tongue embraced by said cam-groove. Thus, when one or both latches that retain said slide are released, the latter, under the pull of a suitable spring, moves forwardly, and, by means of said cam-groove, moves the rock-shaft-coupler controller to positions corresponding with the extent of movement of said latch-retained slide.

Inasmuch as said latch-retained slide is positively keyed by means of the closed cam-groove at the end thereof to the rock-shaft-coupling controller, and as the latter, in turn, is positively keyed to the coupler, the position of said latch-retained slide is a positive index-basis of the position of the rock-shaft coupler. It is contrived, therefore, to connect to said latch-controlled slide a shiftable signal-member preferably in the form of a vertical shaft having at its lower end an arm linked to said slide and carrying at its upper end a plate inscribed with the signals S and A, signifying subtraction and addition. Said shaft is mounted so that said signals may register with a sight-opening in the casing close to the sight-opening for the dials of the corresponding register. When the statedetermining means are in neutral positions, a blank portion of said plate registers with said sight-opening to signify that a neutral condition obtains in the state-determining means. There is one of such signal-devices for each register.

It is further contrived to extend the elongate latch-controlled slide sufliciently forward, so that it may be manually shifted back, or its forward movement manually controlled, by suitable means, preferably a bell-crank lever fulcrumed within the casing of the machine, and having an arm extending forwardly through and beyond the front of said casing to carry a key. A transverse arm of said lever may engage the front end of the latch-controlled slide, and it will be seen that by turning said lever, said latter slide may be pushed back, or its forward movement limited,

said lever thus affording a manual control for determining the position of the latch-controlled slide independently of the carriage. Suitable detent-means are provided to hold said bell-crank lever at its three stations, namely, for neutral, addition and subtraction. As a further manual control of the latch-controlled slides, all the subtraction-latches for the several latch-controlled slides are operable by and connected to a common rock-shaft, operable either by a manuallycontrolled general-subtraction key or by a normally latched spring-pressed lever under the control of the carriage. Thus a single tappet on the carriage suffices in any computing zone to effect subtraction in a selected register. In cases where another register is to be simultaneously selected and conditioned for addition, the release of the subtraction-latch therefor may be negatived by setting the aforesaid manually-operable bellcrank key of said latter register to addition position. Similarly, if registers are selected by the carriage and conditioned for addition or subtraction, and it is desired for some reason to have them neutral, the manually-operable bell-crank keys for said other registers are set to neutral positions to prevent advance from neutral positions of their respective latch-controlled slides.

Toward the end of the cycling operation, a universal member extending transversely of all the latch-controlled slides is moved backwardly to restore said slides to their rearward positions, the several latches being permitted at this time to drop into latching positions and hold said slidesi Said universal. member is driven by the general operator, and, before the end of the cycling operation and after it has restored the latch-controlled slides, it moves forwardly again, so that said slides may be set forwardly again by their springs when the latches are released in the next computing zone. Thus each slide and its associated state-determining means may assume their selected positions as soon as the carriage enters said zone.

There is provided for each register the usual star or clearance key operable when all the wheels stand at zero and being locked when the wheels stand otherwise. Inasmuch as the dial-wheels shift during a cycling operation and thestar-keylocking member shifts with said wheels, it is possible to operate said key erroneously during the cycling. The aforesaid rock-shaft-coupler-shifting controllers afford novel controlling means for the star-keys, in that each of said controllers may have an abutment to lock the star-key when said slide is in adding or subtracting position, and may also have a clearance for said key when the slide is in neutral position. It is thus obvious that no star-key of a register may be operated while its dial-wheels are shifted from normal position.

Other features appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a perspective view, showing the arrangement of the manually-operable subtractionkey and the means whereby it actuates the rockshaft to which the subtraction-latches are connected.

Figure 2 is a side view of the combined typewriting and computing machine, many parts being omitted to show clearly the means in which the invention is embodied.

Figure 3 is a side view, showing a pin-bar advanced by the general operator to rotate the dialwheels for subtraction, the state-controlling and dial-shifting means being shown in their subtracting positions. There are also shown the carriage-controlled latches resting on top of the slide which they control, ready to re-engage said slide upon the restoration of the latter by the universal-slide-restoring member.

Figure 4 is a perspective view, showing details of the manually-operable bell-crank or state-setter at the front of the machine, and its relation to the front of the latch-controlled slide. Details of the rock-shaft-coupling controller and its mounting are also shown.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a register, showing details of the shiftable dial-wheel frame and the star-key mechanism, and details of a member whereby the register-shifting rockand advantages will hereinafter shaft is splined to the shiftable coupler thereon.

Figure 6 is a skeleton perspective, showing the arrangement of the parts for four registers, four sets of state-determining means being shown, together with the latches therefor, and the means for controlling said latches.

Figure 7 is a perspective view, showing details of the means whereby the carriage releases a spring-pressed lever for rocking the subtractionrock-shaft to effect the withdrawal of the subtraction-latches. Said Figure 7 is shown in jux- 5 taposition to Figure 6 to illustrate the co-operation of the parts.

Figure 8 is a top plan view, showing details of the signal-device and the bell-crank lever or state-setter at the front of the machine.

Figure 9 is a partial side view, showing the operated positions of the means whereby the subtraction-latch rock-shaft is released, and also showing the operated position of the universal member that restores the latch-controlled slides, 55 and the operating means therefor.

Figure 10 is a detail front view, showing how the latch-controlled slides are slidably supported at their rear portions.

Figure 11 is an enlarged perspective view,

60 showing two registers, and bringing out details of the register-shifting rock-shaft and its equipment, and also showing details of the manuallyoperated bell-crank, the power-head for shifting the dial-wheels, and its operating cams, andthe 65 connection of said power-head to said rock-shaft.

Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 3, showing how the dial-wheels are directly engaged with the racks for addition, and showing the corresponding positions of the dial-shifting means, the rock- 7 shaft-coupling means, and the power-head that actuates said rock-shaft, the parts being shown as when the cycling operation is at the point where said dial-wheels have just become engaged with the racks.

75 Figure 13 is a perspective view, including a portion of the dial-wheel-shifting rock-shaft and the coupling means for one of the registers, and showing particularly the coupler shifted to engage the horizontal adding arm, and the connection of said coupler to its operating C011. troller.

Figure 14 Ba rear elevation, showing details of a pair of dial-shifting vertical arms, an end view of a dial-shifting horizontal arm, and the relation of the sliding rock-shaft arms.

Figures 15 and 16 are views of an operated pinbar and carry-overmechanism, showing that the operation of said mechanism is the same for addition as it is for subtraction, Figure 15 showing the dial-wheels directly meshed with the racks for addition, and Figure 16 showing said dialwheels meshed with the idler gears for subtraction.

Typewriter-keys 30 depress levers 3|, forming members of trains which drive types 32 against a platen 33. The latter is mounted upon a carriage 34 having guide-rails 35 upon the typewriter-framework 31. The carriage is driven by spring 39, and moves step by step under control of an escapement-mechanism 38, which is operated in the usual manner by the keys.

Dial-wheels 40 at the front of the machine are rotated by means of bars 4|, which extend rearwardly in parallelism and carry depressibie index-pins 42, shown in my co-pending application No. 324,353, filed December 7, 1928 (now Patent No. 1,927,951, dated September 26, 1933).

One pin at a time may be set in' each bar, by means of the selected numeral-key-lever 3|. From the front of the key-lever depends a stem 45, which rocks an individual shaft 46. These shafts form members of parallel-motion linkages, one for each numeral-key. Each linkage includes a horizontal transverse pin-setting bar 48, depressible edgewise for setting the index-pins.

As is disclosed in the patent to Minton 1,280,- 065 of September 24, 1918, and the patent to Han son 1,278,812 of September 10, 1918, each pin-setting bar 48 is pivoted at its ends to horizontal arms or bell-cranks (not shown). Vertical arms of said bell-cranks are connected to the ends of upper transverse bars 49. Arms 56 connect the rock-shaft 46 to said bars 49, and each shaft carries at its front end an arm 62, depressibie by the associated key-stem 45.

If the register-bars 4| are in normal rearmost positions, then the indexing bars 48 may move down idly between the transverse rows of indexpins 42. However, the typewriter-carriage 34 operates successively denominational trains, one for each register-bar 4|, to set the register-bars forward seriatim, and advance the pins 42 thereon to operative positions under the indexing crossbars 48, as set forth in my co-pending application No. 472,610, filed August 2, 1930. A tappet 50 is settable along a rack-bar 5| of said carriage, and operates to depress seriatim vertical jointed pushrods 52, to rock bell-cranks, each of the latter having one arm 53 depressibie by 52, and also having a pendent arm 53 connected to one end of a shiftable coupler 54, the forward end of which coupler may strike a projection 55 formed upon the rear of the register-bar 4|, to advance the latter and its pins 42, bringing them properly under the indexing bars 48.

The couplers 54 are shiftable up and down as a set, for effecting connection and disconnection coupler to said between the bell-cranks and the register-bars, 7

whereby any or all of the several registers may be brought into use.

The typewriter-carriage 34, when entering a computing zone, will cause its tappet 50 to de- 5 press the first push-rod 52, thereby operating the entire denominational train 53, 54, 4|, or, in other words, bringing the register-bar 4| into operable position, with its index-pins 42 directly beneath the transverse pin-setting bars 48. At this time, the operation of any numeral-key will depress its associated transverse pin-setting bar 48, to set an index-pin 42 upon the advanced bar 4|. Thereupon the key is released, and the carriage 34 escapes; whereupon the register-bar 4| is restored to normal position by means of the usual spring-device.

As the carriage steps to the next place, the push-rod 52 of the next denomination is depressed by tappet 50, and hence the next registerbar 4| is advanced, bringing its index-pins to working positions under the pin-setting bars 48.

The bell-cranks 53 are mounted upon individual rock-shafts 53 so that the order of the denominations is transposed. There is only one set of rods 52, and this set serves all the registers. For this purpose, each rock-shaft 53 has one arm 53 for every register. Thus a single tappet and a single rod 52 may advance bars 4| for all the registers, as explained in application 472,610.

After the setting of the index-pins, the number represented thereby is run into dials 40 by means of a forward drive of the register-bars 4|, which is effected by a, cycling mechanism. The latter includes a power-driven general operator having a horizontal cross-bar 60, which is driven forwardly and engages the various depressed indexpins 42, and thereby carries forward the registerbars 4|, to drive the dials 40 accordingly.

The cross-bar 60 of the general operator is fixed at its ends to parallel horizontal driveracks 65, and these are guided for endwise forward and backward travel along the inner sides of side-members 06 of the framework of the computing mechanism, which is surmounted by the typewriter-framework. These side racks have plates 81 to which the ends of the cross-bar 00 are attached. The side racks 65 are coupled to travel in unison by means of a cross-shaft 58, that is journaled in the side walls 66 of the base. This cross-shaft has sectors 69 fast thereon. Said sectors are connected to the racks by pinions 10.

As set forth in said co-pending application 324,353, to each dial 40 is fastened a drive-pinion 88, and these pinions may be dropped from normal idle position into mesh with drive-racks 89 that are formed upon the forward ends of the register-bars 4|. After the dial-pinions 88 have become so meshed, the register-bars 4| may drive the dais forwardly for addition; but it will be understood that the pinions 88 are then withdrawn from the drive-racks 89, and remain stationary while said racks are being returned.

Said dial-pinions 88 are also used for rotating the dials 49 reversely for subtraction. For this purpose, the pinions 88 may be shifted rearwardly into mesh with idle gears 90, the latter being permanently in mesh with the racks 89, so as to advance and return therewith. The gears 90 drive the dial-pinions 88 reversely. Then the pinions 88 have to be shifted forwardly out of mesh with the idle gears 90, so that the dials may remain stationary while the idle gears 90 are being returned with the racks 89.

As set forth in said co-pending application No. 324,353, the dial-pinions 88, together with dials 40, are mounted upon a shiftable frame 92. The pinions are rotatable independently of one another upon an arbor 9| that forms parts of said shiftable frame; the latter also including side plates 93, in which the ends of the arbor 9| are mounted, said side plates being also joined by a cross-rod 94. The framing of the machine includes pairs of fixed guide-plates 96 rising from the cross-bar 91 of the computing base, and

guiding the shiftable frames 92.

Each shiftable frame 92 is normally held up in idle position. Its front support is a horizontallyslotted arm I00, extending rearwardly from a main rock-shaft 99, that is journaled at its ends in the side members 65 of the framework, and forms part of the cycling mechanism. In the slot |0I in the arm I00 plays the cross-rod 94 of the shiftable pinion-frame.

The rear support of said frame is a fixed tie-bar I03, having on its end portions flattened collars I03, upon which fit horizontal slots I02 in the opposite side plates 93 of the shiftable pinion-frame' The frame therefore can slide forwardly and backwardly upon the rear collars I03 and in the front slotted arm I00. Thus the pinions may be thrust rearwardly into mesh with the idle pinions 90, and forwardly away therefrom. Said pinions rotate on the tie-rod I03.

Said shiftable pinion-frame is also capable of up-and-down swinging movement about the tierod I03, by rocking the shaft 99 and arm I00 downwardly, thus bringing the frame, together with its pinions, into direct engagement with the register-bar racks 89, for addition.

The rearward shifting movement of the pinionframe 92 in the guide-slots I02, IOI, may be effected by rock-arms I05, which rise from main shaft 99. These arms are loose on said shaft, and are connected by links I06 to the opposite side plates 93 of the shiftable pinion-frame, so that the rocking of the arms I05 thrusts the pinions 88 back, from normal position at Figure 2, into mesh with the idle gears 90, as at Figure 3.

It will be understood that the register-bars are cycled after the dial-pinions are shifted either down into mesh with the racks 89 or rearwardly into mesh with the idle pinions 90. It will also be understood that after the forward drive of the register-bars 4 I, these dial-pinions 88 are unmeshed and returned to normal free positions,

where they remain stationary during the return movement of the register-bars 4|.

The forward and rear reciprocation or cycling of the cross-bar 60, for operating the registerbars 4 I may be effected in any suitable way, as for example by means of a handle, as shown in said Hanson Patent 1,278,812, or by a motor as shown in said Minton Patent 1,280,065, or in Hart Patent 1,171,403 of February 8, 1916, or in my pending application 324,353.

The downward movement of the additionshifting arm I00 is effected by the main rockshaft 99, the latter being rocked correspondingly preparatory to addition, and then reversely before the completion of the cycling of the machine.

Said main rock-shaft 99 has equipment whereby it may be coupled either to the addition-shifting arm or arms I00, or to the subtraction-shifting arm or arms I05.

This equipment is selective, and includes, upon the rock-shaft 99, a clutch-element or coupler in the form of a bail I23, having bent down arms or ears I24, which are loosely fitted upon the main rock-shaft 99. Projecting rearwardly from the bail is a lug I25, in position to engage and depress the addition-arm I00, or, in other words, to effect a coupling between main rock-shaft 99 and the depressible addition-arm I00. The coupler slides upon the main rock-shaft 99, being splined thereto by means of a key I26 fixed to the rock-shaft and having a groove I21 through which the coupler may slide lengthwise of the shaft, the coupler fitting in the groove, so that it must rotate with the shaft.

The coupler I23 may be swung to the left (see second register at Figure 11), to a position to carry the lug I25 free of the addition-arm I00, and at the same time to carry a lift-arm I28 to position beneath a horizontal bar I29, which connects arms I05 and forms therewith a bail. These arms I05 have pivoted to their upper ends the links I06 with which to slide the shiftable pinion-frame rearwardly for subtraction.

The lift-arm I28 normally underlies a notch I30 in the bar I29, and therefore is idle whenever the coupler occupies such a longitudinal position that its depressible lug I registers with the depressible addition-arm I00. It will therefore be understood that whether addition or subtraction is to 25 be performed, will depend upon the point to which the coupler I23 is adjusted along the main rock-shaft 99. Said coupler may also occupy a third or neutral position when desired.

The different parts actuated by said main rockshaft 99, as just described, may constitute statecontrolling means for determining additive, subtractive and neutral states of the several registers, independently each of the others. This mecha nism may normally be in neutral condition.

For fastening the keys I26 to said shaft 99, they have hubs 244. The loose arms I00 are each retained between a companion key I26 and a collar 245 fastened to said shaft 99.

Power for rocking the main shaft 99 of the state-setting mechanism, at the cycling of the machine, is derived from horizontal cross-shaft I33, which, at the forward stroke of the general operator (60, 65), is given a half-revolution in one direction, and at the rearward stroke of said general operator is given another half-revolution in the same direction. The means for so operating shaft I33 includes two pawls and two single-toothed ratchets, and gear-trains to drive the pawls from pinions 10 that mesh with the racks 65, as set forth in said co-pending application No. 324,353.

The main rock-shaft 99 receives its motions through an arm I 55 thereon, said arm being connected by a rearward link I56 to a power-head I51, which is reciprocated by said power-shaft I33. The head I51, the link I56 and the arm I55 are driven rearwardly at the first half-revolution of shaft I33, and are driven forwardly at the second half-revolution of said shaft I33.

It will be appreciated that the movements of rock-shaft 99 occur before the dials are rotated by the register-racks at the cycling operation. Hence said power-head I51 is so driven by timing cams as to operate quickly the main rock-shaft 99 in advance of the rotation of the adding pinions, and to hold said main rock-shaft 99 stationary during the rotation of the dials, and then quickly to return the rock-shaft 99 in advance of the return of the register-bars 4| and their racks 89 to normal positions.

For these purposes, the sliding head I51 is operated by a roller-stud I58, which is driven rearwardly by cam I59 fixed on shaft I33.. The stud and head are then held in normal positions by a dwell-portion I 60 of the cam, during operuse.

ation of the register-bars M and pinions 88, and until the completion of the half-revolution of shaft I33. Then a companion cam I6I strikes a companion roll I62 on said head I51, and quickly drives the head forwardly to return the rockshaft 99 to normal position ahead of the return of register-bars 4|; the parts being then maintained in normal positions by a dwell-portion I63 on the cam.

The cams are so formed as to avoid backlash of the head I51. Said head slides partly upon a square collar I64 that is loose upon the shaft I33 and partly upon cross-shaft 68; the head having a horizontal slot at I66 to ride upon the latter.

From the foregoing it will be understood that when the cycling operation (set forth in application No. 324,353) has been started, and the general operator frame 60, 65 has advanced a. little, and the timing shaft I33 has started to rotate, the main rock-shaft 99 is immediately rocked rearwardly, thereby depressing one or more arms I00 or lifting one or more bails I29, or depressing one and lifting another, as may be determined by the operator, and accordingly shifting the pinion-frames individually either backward or downward, to shift the pinions into mesh with either the idle gears or the racks 89, for either subtraction or addition in the different registers selectively at the continuance of the cycling operation.

The main rock-shaft 99 is maintained in effective position during the forward drive of the racks 89; but at the start of the return stroke of the cycling frame 60, 65 during which the shaft I 33 is driven an additional half-revolution, said shaft I33 returns the main rock-shaft 99 and its parts to normal positions, withdrawing the pinions from the gears 90 and the racks 89, so that the dials 40 remain stationary while the registerbars 4| return to normal positions at the conclusion of the cycling operation.

The setting of the coupler to addition, subtraction or neutral may be effected by a statesetter in the form of a slide 33!, the same being a horizontal transverse plate on edge and co-operative with the coupler, the latter having a pendent lug 332 fitting in a notch 333 in the state-setter 33I, so that the latter may adjust the coupler from left to right.

Various trains or devices are illustrated for r operating the state-controlling slides 33I. Some of these devices are controllable by the typewriter-carriage 34, and some are controllable manually.

As set forth in'said pending application No. 472,610, whenever the carriage advances to a point for typing any column on the work-sheet, the carriage automatically determines which register or registers are to be brought into use for accumulating the amount that is to be typed in that column. After the amount is typed, it is run into the selected registers, and various parts then return to normal positions preparatory to the advance of the carriage to the next column or computing zone, whereupon the carriage again determines which registers are to be brought into The number of columns on the work-sheet is not limited by the number of registers. There may be either a single column, or two columns, or any number of columns up to the capacity of the work-sheet; and the carriage at the time of typing in every column will automatically select and bring into use the necessary registers, giving different selections for different columns.

Upon the rack I of the carriage may be seen an adjustable dog or stop 345 which performs a number of functions. It is used for decimal tabulating of the carriage, and is also used for se- 5 lecting the denominations at the indexing operations that are performed by the numeral-keys,

and it is also used for selecting the register or registers that are to be brought into play in any column; and the present invention discloses certain other uses, which will appear farther on.

, This dog 345 has one or more'register-selecting teeth 346, each of which is set to position for depressing one of the sets of register-selecting slides 341. There is one.of these slides for each one of the four registers; and the selection may be made at each column that is typed upon the sheet, that is, at each computing zone into which the carriage enters. Each dog 345 may have a tooth or teeth 346, in position to engage any one or more register-selecting slides 341. There is one dog 345 for every column on the work-sheet, and each dog has its own setting of teeth 346, and the dogs are adjustable to accord with the positions of the columns on the work-sheet, all of which is set forth in said application No. 472,610.

The register-selecting slide 341, upon being depressed, pushes down a rod 343, to depress the rear end of a ball or lever which is mounted upon a shaft 349, Figure 2. The forward arm 349 of said lever lifts a link 350, which connects it to a bail 342, thereby raising the bail, together with the set of coupler-pins 54, to enable them to displace the register-bars 4|, as already explained.

At this point there is performed a. novel function of said carriage-dog 345, inasmuch as the raising of the bail 342 operates to lift a latch 335, which hooks over said ball at 343. There is one of these latches for every bail 342. The lifting of the latch 335 withdraws it from a notch 336, with the result that the machine is set for addition in the register that is selected. Hence, at every column or computing zone, addition can be effected in the selected register or registers, according to the raising of the latches 335, whose control over the setting of the dial-pinions will presentlybe explained, as will also the manner whereby the latches are returned to normal positions, preparatory to selected release thereof in the next computing zone.

Each latch 335 normally holds back a forwardly-extending rod 331, which is urged forwardly by a spring 333, and carries at its front end a cam-head 339. This head has a composite cam 340, to engage a lug 34I which projects from the bottom edge of the state-setting slide 33I.

This moves said slide and causes it to thrust the coupler I23 along the main rock-shaft 99 to addition-position, as shown at the first and third cam-heads 339 at Figure 6. There is one of the 0 rods 331 (and one of the latches 335) for each of the four registers 40. The latches 335 are selectively withdrawn every time by the typewritercarriage, as the latter enters successive computing zones; the carriage causing the bail 342 to lift the coupler-pins 54 from normal position of disuse at Figure 2 to the position of use shown for the two right-hand bails at Figure 6.

The latch 335 being thus raised by the bail 342 of the carriage-selected register, the rod 331 steps forward, as explained, for setting the selected register mechanism to addition; the lug I25 being thus brought over the depressible arm I03, so that when the main rock-shaft 99 is rocked during the cycling operation, said lug I25 depresses the arm I33 and engages the pinions 33 directly with the racks 39, for the performance of addition at the next cycling stage.

It will be understood that the lifting of a latch 335 by means of a bail 342 permits the spring 333 to pull the cam-head 339 forwardly enough to cause the state-setting slide 33I to be moved towards the right by the addition-cam 35I. All cams terminate ,in dwell-portions, so that the state-setting slides or heads 33I are locked against accidental displacement in all positions.

The state-setter 33I and the coupler I23 may be set to subtraction by the aid of a subtractionkey 334, Figures 1 and 6, at the front of the machine.

Between the subtraction-key and the statesetter 33I works a train that co-operates with the key and with the state-setter, and also with the carriage 34 of the typewriter.

The cam-rods 331 have normally limited forward motion, because longitudinal slots 352 in their rear ends are partly occupied lengthwise by rear stops 353. These rear stops 353, however, may be withdraw by the subtraction-key 334, which rocks a cross-shaft 354 having arms 355 to which are pivoted the upper ends of the rear stops 353, so that the latter may be all withdrawn at the operation of the subtraction-key. The

springs 338 may therefore give the rods 331 fullforward strokes. Each rod and cam-head 339 therefore first shifts the state-setter 33I idly to wards the right, and then shifts it to its extreme leftward position, and then locks it by means of the dwell-portion of the slot. At this time, the subtraction-finger I23 of the coupler extends beneath the subtraction-bail I29, thereby coupling the latter to the main rock-shaft 99, for the purpose of thrusting back the pinion-frame 92 to mesh the pinions with the idle gears 90, to effect subtraction during the cycling operation.

The subtraction-key 334 is shown at Figure 1 in its operated rear position, having tensioned its return spring 356. The rear end of the keystem has vibrated a lever 351, and the latter has operated upon rock-arm 353 upon the transverse shaft 354, to raise all of the rear stops 353 connected to said shaft. A latch 359 engages another arm 363 to maintain the parts (Figure 1) in set positions.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that operation of the key 334, as at Figure 1, will withdraw all of the rear latches 353, thus leaving the camrods 331 under the domination of the springs 333 and the several register latches 335, so that whenever the paper-carriage calls any register into use, its latch 335 will be raised and thereby release the cam-rod 331 for movement to its extreme forward or subtraction position, with a pin 36I standing in rear of a bar 36", Figure 6, which is used for restoring the rods 331,

As it may still be desired to add certain amounts in some registers, there is provided for each of the registers a manual state-controller. This has the form of a key 362 provided upon the forward end of a horizontally swinging lever 363, and having a tooth 365 to enter any of the notches 366 in a plate 361, Figures 2, 4 and 11, provided upon the front of a fixed bracket 363, Figure 4. At its rear end said lever 363 is loosely pivoted by bent fingers 369 in a stop-arm 310, the latter being pivoted at 31I upon the top portion of the bracket 363, the left end of said lever carrying a stop 312 into the path of the cam-head 339, to intercept the latter, as it is being pulled forward by its spring 333. The pointof arrest of the cam-head depends upon which of the notches 366 is being occupied by the detent 365, as determined by the setting of the selective state-selecting key 362. There are three of said notches, so that said key can be positioned for either neutral, addition or subtraction, thus setting stop 312 at any one of three arresting positions.

If the key 362 is adjusted to the extreme right, then its stop 312 occupies the extreme forward position, as seen near the left in Figure 11, and hence the cam-head and rod are permitted to make a full forward stroke when the paper-carriage releases the latch 335. The composite cam 35I, during such full stroke, vibrates the statesetting slide 33I first idly to the right, and then to the left, with the tooth 34I occupying the dwell or lock portion at the inner end of the cam, as seen at the lower right-hand corner of Figure 6. By this movement, the coupler I23 will be shifted to the extreme left, with the lifting finger I28 in effective position beneath the subtraction bail I29, so that the latter, during the ensuing cycling operation, will thrust back the links I06 and the pinion-frame 92, to mesh the pinions with the idle or subtraction gears 90, as seen at the middle portion of Figure 11.

If, however, the state-selecting key 362 is set to midway position, then its stop 312 will be held in a midway position, as seen at the extreme left of Figure 6, so that the rod 331 and its cam-head 339 will be intercepted by the stop 312 by the thrust the state-setting slide 33I to the right; and in this position the slide 33I is locked by the midway dwell in the cam 340. At this time, the coupler I23 is in the extreme right-hand position, with the subtraction-finger I 28 occupying an idle position under the notch I30 in the subtraction bail I29, and the lug I25 is overlying the addition-arm I00, as will be evident from Figure 4. Thus, at the next cycling operation, the rocking of the main shaft 99 will depress said addition-arm I00, to carry down the pinion-frame 92, bringing the pinions into direct mesh with the drive racks 89, Figure 12.

There is one state-selecting key 362 for every register, and it will be understood that, for some work, these may be all set as required at the beginning of the typing of a page of computation; and that, whenever required during the typing of the page, the setting of any key may be varied to cause subtraction of an amount in an addition column, or vice versa, or to prevent computation of an amount umn, or to cause computation of an amount in a neutral column.

If the operator sets a 362 If, however, the operator chooses to first press the general subtraction-key 334, any selected register will become conditioned for subtraction as soon as the selecting key 362 therefor is set for subtraction. It will be understood that where the subtractionkey 334 is the first to be operated, the parts operated thereby are latched by 359, to permit a state-selecting key 362 to be set to subtraction, whereby the register will be conditioned for subtraction.'

The latch 359 having done its work may as well be released, and-according to one feature of the present invention the beginning of the forward stroke of the general operator may be utilized for automatically releasing this latch 359, and it is held released until the latched parts have returned to their normal positions.

In one of the side bars of the general operator, there is therefore provided a notch 28I to be normally occupied by a roll 282, carried by a lever 283, which is rocked when the general operator side bar 65 forces the roll out of the notch. A pin 284 on the lever lifts a cam 285 on the latch 359, thereby releasing the arm 360 and the rockshaft 354, which is returned to normal position by a spring 286. The rear latches are thus permitted to drop into the notches 352 when the rods 331 are returned. The roll 282 may run idly upon the edge of the bar 65; but upon the completion of the return stroke of the general operator a spring 313 forces the roll 282 back into notch 28I, in readiness for the next unlatching operation.

It has already been explained that the shaft I33 is given half a revolution at the forward stroke of the general operator, and an additional half a revolution on the return stroke of the general operator, for the purpose of operating the mechanism which shifts the dial-pinions to addition or subtraction position. The same shaft I33 is also used for restoring to normal positions the rods 331, and their cams 339, this restoration taking place after every computation.

Upon the onerevolution shaft I33 are cams 314, which raise rollers 315 that are pivoted upon bell-cranks having pendent arms 316, which thrust rearwardly links 311, the latter being fastened at their rear ends to cross-bar 36W, which is universal to the cam-rods 331. This universal bar 36I sweeps rearwardly and picks up all of the pins 36I upon said cam-rods, and thereby addition-controlling latches 335 to be moved down into their notches 336 by means of springs 318, Figure 2, preparafor enabling the It has alv of a tooth 346 that is set in an adjustable carriage-dog 345, the carriage 34 is enabled, when computing in each column on the work-sheet, to predetermine into which register or registers the typed amount the work-sheet, it is automatically determined by the carriage into which registers each amount will be entered. For example, the separate amounts typed in one line in each of ten difierent columns may all be entered in one register, thus giving cross-addition. As another example, every amount that is typed in the first three columns may be run into one register, and every amount written that is typed in the next three columns may be entered into the second register, and every amount written in the next three columns may be entered into the third register, and every amount written in the last three columns may be entered into the fourth register, thus giving quadruple cross-addition. Or every amount that is typed in one column may be entered in only one register, thus giving vertical addition; while amounts written in other columns may be cross-added; and one register may also be reserved for securing a grand total of all computations.

It will be remembered that when any of the selected bails 342 is lifted by the action of a camtooth 345" on the carriage, the addition-latch 335 is lifted by said ball and is withdrawn from the notch 335 in the cam-rod 331, so that the spring 338 may pull forward the cam-rod to addition position; but the rod is stopped at this point by the rear latch 353, which remains in the notch.

Provision is also made whereby the carriage may withdraw all the rear latches 353, to set the machine automatically for subtraction.

Set into said carriage-dog 345 there is shown at Figure 2 a special subtraction-tooth 388, Figure '1, which operates a special subtraction-plate 319, similar to 341. Plate 319, when depressed by tooth 388, presses down a rod 381 that resembles 348, but is twisted at its lower end and pivoted to a crank-arm 382 on rock-shaft 383, which has an arm 384, Figure '1, to which is pivoted the inner end of a horizontal latch 385. This latch is therefore withdrawn by the action of the carriage on the plate 319, and permits a bell-crank 386 to be rocked about its pivot 381 by means of a spring 388. A pin 389 on said bell-crank operates a cam-arm 398 upon the shaft 354, to rock the latter in a manner to lift all the subtractionlatches 353 up out of the notches 352 in their cam-rods 331. Said latches are, held up as long as the cam-tooth 388 on the carriage holds down the subtraction-slide 319, that is, during the entire typing of an amount in the column on the worksheet.

It will be seen that when the subtraction-shaft 354 is rocked by the subtraction cam-tooth 388, the same result is gained as when said shaft is rocked by the general subtraction-key 334; the shaft 354 in each case becomes detained by the latch 359, prior to the initial movement of the cycling mechanism. However, the latch 359 may be idle so long as the carriage-tooth 358 is holding down the subtraction-plate 319, but it is useful when the key 334 is brought into use for setting to subtraction.

From the foregoing it will be seen that at every column, that is in every computing zone, regardless of the number of registers, the carriage determines in how many and which registers computation is to take place, and it is also automatically determined that they shall all operate additively, unless there has been provided in the dog 345 for that zone a subtraction cam-tooth 388, to operate the subtraction-plate 319, in which case the amount written in that column will be run subtractively into every selected register, providing that the various keys 352 occupy subtraction positions. It will also beperceived that regardless of the setting of 352 to subtraction, addition will be performed if the subtractiontooth 388 is omitted for that zone. I

It will be seen that when the spring 388 pulls down the arm 385, the latter is arrested by a stop 39I, with the arm 385 lying in the path of the withdrawn latch 385, so that the latter cannot be restored by its spring 392 when the carriagecontrolled plate 319 is to be lifted. However, when cross-bar 58 of the general operator travels forwardly, it engages a cam 393 on an am 394 75 of the bell-crank lever 385, and forces said lever to vibrate, thereby-lifting the arm 385 up out of the path of latch 385, so that the lattermay be restored to the right by the spring 392, Figure 7, while the spring 388 holds the arm 385. down upon said latch 335, thus bringing the plate 319 to position to be operated by the cam-tooth .388 upon the succeeding carriage-dog 345.

If it is desired that in any zone or column position neither addition nor subtraction shall be performed in any register or registers, the camtooth 345 may be omitted from the dog 345 for that zone, so that the balls at: will not be elevated, and motion of the coupling pins 54 will be idle.

If, during the time when the state of the computing mechanism is being controlled automatically by the carriage, it should be desired to prevent an amount from being run into any register, then key 352 for said register may be shifted to neutral position. The arm 312 will occupy the rearmost dotted-line position at Figure 11, thus preventing the cam-rod from being advanced from it's normal neutral positlom The key 352 is capable of forcibly returning its camrod to rearmost position. The key 352 may then be reset to subtraction. All of -these keys may stand idly at subtraction when the state of the computing mechanism is being dominated by the carriage.

As the carriage enters each zone, it is automatically determined which totalizers are to operate, and whether each one is to add or subtract. The setting is again eifected for everw column on the work-sheet, that is, for every computing zone. The keys 352 are for the registers, not for the columns.

Connected to each bar 331 is a signal 395, which is visible through a sight-opening 395 in the casing of the machine, and has a vertical arbor 391, provided at its lower end with a crank-arm 398, having a wrist-pin 399 connected by a link 412, Figure 8, to the cam-bar 331. The cam-bar will thus rock the arm 388 and the signal 395, to indicate whether the register is set for addition, subtraction or neutral; this indicatio'n being independent of the setting of the key 352. All of the keys 362 may in some instances be set for subtraction, while, in fact, either addition, subtraction or neutral may be the rule for certain registers in certain columns; so the operator need not consult the keys 352, but will be governed by the signals 395.

The usual key 488 that operates a clearanceprinting mechanism is the same type as is disclosed in the patent to Hoyt, 1,256,309, of February 12, 1918. Feelers 48l, Figure 5, may fall into a row of deep notches 482 in the addin pinions 88, and the bail 483, which normally locks the star-key 488, may be withdrawn to a key-releasing position by spring 484. The bail swings back out of the path of a nose 485 on the top of key-shank 485.

The gang of adding wheels and dials is movable from n rmal position, either rearwardly or downwardly, and such movement is governed by the state-setting slides 33!, one of which is shown at midway position at Figure 5, with a notch 481 in register with a shoulder 488 on the key, thus affording a clearance to permit the key to be depressed. The bail 483 is mounted upon the movable dial-frame 92, so as to move backwardly or downwardly therewith; but at such times the star-printing key 488 is inoperable, because the notch 481 will be out of register with the locking shoulder 488 on the key-shank.

the cross-bar 60 Hence, said key can be depressed only when the nose 405 and bail 403 are out of co-operative relation, as shown at Figure 5, and when all of the feelers 40| occupy the large notches 402 in the wheels.

The further advantage is gained by the novel star-key construction, in that when the general operator or cycling mechanism is called into operation by the star-key, it might happen that an index-pin 42'stands depressed, and conse' quently its register-bar 4| will be advanced by the general operator at 60. The number represented by said pin, however, is not carried into the register, since the latter must stand in normal neutral position (Figure 5) before the starkey 400 can be depressed and cause the general operator to cycle. Hence, no number can be run into the register at this time, even though a pin 42 remains depressed. The star-key has the usual stem 409, to operate the usual arm M0 and shaft 4, to control the printing of the star-type and to bring the general operator into action.

. Figures and 16 show details of the carrying mechanism which operates on the pin-bars 4| to effect extra carrying steps of the same beyond the advance effected by the forward stroke of the general-operator cross-bar 60. Inasmuch as said mechanism is fully described in the aforesaid application No. 601,173, the following brief description is given to indicate generally the operation of said mechanism.

Each dial-wheel 40 has a carrying tooth I15, which, in the rotation of the wheel to or past its zero-position, rocks a lever I16 to raise the forward end of an elongate latch I11 normally latched over a bar I18. Said latch thus raised escapes from said bar I 18, and pulled by a spring I19 moves forwardly to rock a. lever I80, fulcrumed on a rod I8| and pivotally attached to said latch at I82. Said rocked lever I80, provided with a stud I 83, will thus have moved said stud rearwardly intercept a downwardly-extending arm I84 of a lever I85, fulcrumed on the general-operator cross-bar 60 at I86, and rock said lever I85, to thereby move a finger I81 thereof forwardly as completes its forward stroke.

Forward movement of the latch I11 is limited by abutment of its attached lever I80 with a rod I88. When no carrying operation takes place, the lever I85 is in the position seen in Figure 3, wherein its finger I 81 abuts the generaloperator cross-bar 60 upon engagement of said finger with a depressed index-pin 42. It will be understood also that when no carrying operation takes place and when the general operator 60 is at the end of its forward stroke, the arm I84 of the lever I85 will just abut the stud I83, which, with the latch 11 caught over the bar I18, will be in its normal forward position. For each dialwheel 40 from which a carrying transfer is to be madeto .the wheel of next higher denomination, there extends one of the carrying trains just described. Each latch I11 has a rearward extension I89 which serves as an overthrow stop for the pin-bar 4|, as will be evident from Figures 3, l5 and 16, wherein it is shown that the depressed pin 42 is held between the finger I81 and said extension I89 as the cross-bar'60 reaches the end of its forward movement. The latch-bar I18 is moved forwardly, whereupon the escaped latches I11 will again be caught thereon, said forward movement taking place during the re-' turn stroke of the cross-bar 60, inasmuch as all from its normal position to fastened to comb-plates the carrying operations precede said return stroke. During the denominational selection of the pin-bars 4| as effected by the carriage, the

latch-bar I18 remains in such position that there is enough room between the extensions I89 and the first index-pin 42, which, as shown in said application No. 601,173, is the zero-pin, and which is normallydepressed, said zero-pin becoming automatically raised upon depression of ahigher pin. At the beginning of a cycling operation, the latch-bar I18 of each register, with all the latches caught thereon, is moved rearwardly, thereby bringing the extensions I89 rearwardly, so that the front faces of the depressed zero-pins just touch said extensions. For moving the several latch-bars I18, the generaloperator cross-shaft 68 is employed and accordingly carries a pair of cams I90 to operate slides I9I, to which said latch-bars I18 are operatively connected.

At the end of each computing cycle restoration of all the depressed significant pins 42 is effected by operation of a universal bail (not shown), provided for each set of pin-bars and operating to reset all the zero-pins in the manner set forth in application No. 324,353.

It will be seen from Figure 2 that the universal bar 36 that restores the cam-rods 331 has advanced forwardly again before the end of the computing cycle and after having restored said cam-rods. This permits said cam-rods 331 to assume their carriage-selected state-determining positions as soon as the carriage enters a computing zone. The cams 314 are formed and timed accordingly. To secure non-skewing movement of the universal bar 36h, there are provided two of said cams 314 and corresponding arms 316, each of the latter being pivotally mounted upon two of the fixed dial-frame guide-plates 96 that rise from the framework of the machine. The universal member 3I5| rests upon the cam-rods 331 and is retained laterally and against upward displacement by headed shoulder-screws I95 in its ends which abut the outer edges of the outer cam-bars 331. Each of the links 311, connected to said universal bar 36H, is urged forwardly by a spring I96, which also serves to keep the cam-roll 315 at all times against its cam 314. The forward end of said spring may be anchored to the crossmember 91 of the framework, Figure 2.

The upper ends of the addition-latches 335 may be retained in slotted guides I91, Figure 2, I98, in which the rear ends of the pin-bars 4| are spaced and guided, said comb-plates having openings I99, Figure 6, which afford clearances for the ends of the couplers 54, and the lower edges of which limit the downward movements of the latches 335, the latter being provided with projections 200 which may abut said edges. At their lower ends the addition-latches 335 and also the subtractionlatches 353 are guided and retained in pairs in plates I, Figures 2 and 6, said plates abutting bosses formed on the bottom of a rear crossmember 202 of the framework. The corresponding cam-rod 331 may closely underlie each plate 20I, Figure 10, and may be supported by headed shoulder-screws 203, which secure said plate 20I to the cross-member 202, and whose shoulders and heads abut the side edges of the cam-rod 331 to retain the latter.

The transverse subtraction-shaft 354 may have a stop-arm 204, Figure 6, to limit its latch-withdrawing rotation by abutting with one of the comb-plates I98. A center bearing 205 for said member 91 is the angle bar or bracket 368, se-

cured at its front ends to said member by screws 2I0. To the front face of said bracket the notched plates 361 for locating the manual statesetting levers in their different positions are secured by screws 2I I. Each lever 363, articulated with the stop-arm 310, may be yieldably held against the saw-tooth station notches of its plate 361 by a spring 209, Figure 4, which may be anchored to said bracket 368. i

The cross-member 91 has near its ends forwardly-extending bosses 2 I2, from the front faces of which there is spaced, by collars 2I3, a plate 2, which spans the pair of said bosses 2I2 to slidably support the several state-setting slides 33I. The latter have slots 2I5, the outerslots of the slides for the outer registers slidably fitting said collars 213, Figure 4. The other slots 2I5 of the several slides 33I may fit over collars 2I6 retained by broad headed screws 2I1 against the plate 2I4, said screws also slidably retaining the slides 33I against said plate, Figure 11.

Intermediate bosses 2I8 extending from cross- 3 member 91 may embrace the plate 2I4. Said plate 2l4 also has slots 2I9'for slidably supporting'the front ends of the cam-rods 331, said slots fitting the cam-heads 339 of said rods.

Each dial-frame subtraction shifting bail formed by the arms I05 and bar I29 is retained lengthwise on the rock-shaft 99 by the key I26,

which, it will be remembered, is fastened to saidrock-shaft. Said key I26 has a tongue 220 fitting and normally abutting the bottom of a slot HI in the bail-bar I29. Said tongue thus also serves to reverse the bail when the dials 40 are to be shifted forwardly to unmesh them from the idle gears 90. The left arm I05 of each bail has a tongue 222, which registers with a 'clearance slot 223 in the state-setting slide 33I when the latter is set at subtraction, said slot then permitting operation of the bail as seen at the right-hand register in Figure 11. With the state-setting slide at neutral, as seen at the left-hand register, Figure 11. the bail is locked by abutment of its tongue 222 with the top edge of the slide 33I. Said edge may, if desired, be extended to the left to also lock the bail during addition. This extension is deemed unnecessary, however, inasmuch as shoulder-screws 224,

which secure the dial-arbor 9I to the dial-shifting frame 92, and which project beyond the sides of said frame, enter vertical notches 225 in the outer guide-plates 96 of said frame during addition. Said notches thus prevent rearward displacement of the frame during addition. Similarly, horizontal notches 226 embrace the shoulder-screws 224 when the dial-frame is shifted rearwardly to mesh with the idle gears 90 for subtraction and prevent downward displacement of said frame while the dials are so meshed. The notches 225, 226 may be open as indicated in the drawings, in order to facilitate removal 75 and replacement of the computing-pinion frame 92, the slots I02 of the latter being also open for this purpose.

With the machine at normal, the dial frames are upheld by studs 221 which project from the keys I26 that are fastened to the rock-shaft 99, said studs abutting the lower edges of the dialframe-shifting addition-arms I00. Said studs 221 also serve to enable said keys I26 to swing said arms I00 reversely when the dial-pinions 40 are to be unmeshed from the racks 89. when the rock-shaft 99 is actuated to mesh the dials 40 for subtraction, the studs 221, being on the keys I26 that are fastened to said rock-shaft, recede fromthe arms I00. For upholding the dial-wheel frames until their shoulder-studs 224 are properly within the notches 226, there are provided springs 229, Figure 11, one at each side of each frame 92. The lower end of each spring 229 is attached to a stud 230, which normally abuts a piece 23I to limit upwardimovement of the frame and which is adiustably fastened to the side plate 96 by a screw 232. Said piece 23I has a lug 233, to which the upper end of the spring 229 is anchored. Another lug 234 abuts the front edge of the plate 96 to prevent rotation of the piece 23I when the screw 232 is loosened.

Each vertical signal-arbor 391 may be journaled in a bracket 236, Figure 8, which may be secured to the plate 2.

The spring 286 coiled around the subtractioncross-shaft 354 has one end anchored to a collar 240 fastened to said shaft. The other end of said spring reacts against an arm 2 loose on said shaft which, in turn, reacts against the pin 389 of the bell-crank 386, which, it will be remembered, is released by the carriage to rock said shaft to withdraw the subtraction-stops 353 for releasing cam-rods 331.

It will be seen from Figure 3 that said bellcrank 386 is restored by the general operator before said cam-rods 331 are restored. Consequently, the loose arm 2 is displaced and the tension of said spring 286 becomes potentially effective to rotate the shaft 354 inasmuch as in the restoration of said bell-crank 386, its pin 389 has reached from the cam-arm 390. Thus, as soon as cam-rods 331 are restored, the latches 353 will re-enter the notches 352 under the influence of said spring 286. By this arrangement said spring 286 does not oppose the spring 388 when the latter rotates the bell-crank. As

'shown in Figure 6, theloose arm 2 may be retained between the cam-arm 338 and a block 342 fastened to said shaft and separated from said arm 390 by the spacer 243,said block and collarbeing omitted from Figures 2, 3 and 9 for clearness.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a computing machine, the combination with a set of computing pinions, drive-racks therefor, a set of idlers meshed with said racks, a general operator, and a carriage, of 'means to selectively mesh the computing pinions to the racks or idlers during the cycling of the general operator, a releasable spring-pressed state-controller for said meshing means, means controlled by said carriage to release said controller to different extents to predetermine whether the pinions are to be meshed with the racks or idlers, and manually-operable means for effecting a shift of said controller, before the cycling operation, to a position other mined by said carriage.

2. In a computing machine, the combination with a set of computing pinions, actuators therefor, said pinions normally disengaged from said actuators, the latter being arranged to perform addition or subtraction, a carriage and cycling mechanism, of a state-controller releasable to different positions to determine adding or subtracting engagement of said pinions, means controlled by said carriage to release said controller, said controller and releasing means arranged so that said controller may assume its selected state-determining position as soon as the carriage enters a computing zone and before operation of the cycling mechanism, and means connected to said cycling mechanism to restore said controller, said restoring means timed to recede from said controller, after having restored the same, tov permit said controller to assume a subsequent state-determining position as soon as the carriage enters another computing zone. I

Y 3. In a computing machine, the combination with a set of computing pinions and actuators therefor, arranged to perform addition or subtraction, said pinions normally disengaged from said actuators, of a spring-pressed state-conthan the one detertroller for determining adding and subtracting engagement of said pinions, a pair of latches,

'30 one of which normally holds said controller in neutral position, said latches arranged so that the withdrawal of said one latch will permit said controller to assume an adding position and so that the releasing of both latches will permit said controller to assume a'subtracting position, and means for restoring said controller.

4. In a computing machine, the combination with a plurality of sets of computing pinions and sets of actuators therefor, arranged for addition 40 or subtraction, said pinions normally disengaged from said actuators, of a spring-pressed statecontroller individual to-each set of pinions for determining adding or subtracting engagement of said pinions, a pair of latches for each con- 45 troller, one of said latches normally holdingthe controller in neutral position, said latches arranged so that the withdrawal of said one latch permits said controller to assume an adding position against the other latch, the withdrawal of 50 both latches permitting said controller to assume a subtracting position, means whereby the carriage as it enters a computing zone withdraws the addition-latches selectively, and manually-operable means whereby the several sub- 55 traction-latches are withdrawn simultaneously.

5. In a computing machine, the combination with a plurality of sets of computing pinions and 70 a subtracting position, means whereby the carriage as it enters a computing zone withdraws the addition-latches selectively, and means controlled by said carriage whereby all the subtraction-latches are withdrawn simultaneously,

75 thereby causing the controllers whose adding latches have been released to assume subtracting positions.

6. In a computing machine, the combination of a set of dial-wheels, actuators for said dialwheels, said wheels normally disengaged from 5 said actuators, a member spanning said wheels and controlled thereby to assume one position when all the wheels stand at zero and another position when one or more wheels are not at .zero, a key locked by said member when the latl0 ter is in said other position, said key operable when said member is in the first-mentioned position, a frame in which said wheels and member are mounted, and means for shifting said frame to engage the wheels with the actuators, said 15 means including a shifter connected to said frame, said shifter arranged to lock said key when the frame is shifted to engage the dialwheels with the actuators.

7. The combination of a general operator, a 20 plurality of sets of drive-racks operable thereby, each set having indexing mechanism, a set of idlers connected to each set of drive-racks, a plurality of sets of computing pinions normally out of mesh with racks and idlers, either set of 25 pinions being shiftable into mesh with either its associated racks or its associated idlers independently of the other set of pinions, to cause tor to effect addition in one set of pinions and shifting said pinions and for returning the same 8. The combination of a general operator, a plurality of sets of drive-racks operable thereby, each set having indexing mechanism, a set of idlers connected to each set of drive-racks, a plutary shaft and connecting trainfor transversely 9. In a computing machine having a letterfeeding carriage and carriage-operated denomithrough said coupling device. 10. In a computing machine having a letter feeding carriage and carriage-operated denomination-selecting trains, the combination of a set of computing pinions, indexable drivers therefor, a carriage-controlled device for coupling said denomination-selecting trains to said drivers said pinions and drivers in different ways for different computing states, a spring-pressed computing-state controller shiftable different extents for selectively'conditioning said pinion and driver connecting means, a latch restraining said state-controller, said latch being releasable by said carriage through said coupling device, and a stop coacting with said state-controller upon release of said latch to determine one of the computing states.

11. Machine constructed according to claim 10, in which said stop is removable at will in conjunction with the release of said latch, to enable said state-controller to determine a different computing state.

12. Machine constructed according to claim 10 having means controlled by said carriage, for withdrawing said stop in conjunction with the release of the latch thereby to determine a differ- D ent computing state. 4

13. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a plurality of registers, a letterfeeding carriage and a carriage-operated trunkset of denomination-selecting trains ramifying to 5 the several registers, the combination of a plurality of sets of computing pinions, a plurality of sets of individually indexable drivers therefor operative to drive the pinions reversibly, individual carriage-controlled devices for selectively coupling the sets of drivers to corresponding branches of the denomination-selecting trains,

a general operator for said drivers, individual controlling means asssociated with each set of computing pinions, selectively co-operable with 35 the general operator, for determining engagement with the drivers and the direction of driving of the computing pinions, an individual springpressed state-controller being associated with each set of computing pinions and its said con- 40 trolling means, an individual latch for restraining each state-controller, the several latches being connected so as to be selectively releasable by the carriage, by means of said carriage-controlled coupling devices, and a stop coacting with 45 each state-controller upon the release of its latch to determine one of the computing states.

14. Machine constructed according to claiml3 in which eacn state-controller when restrained by the latch determines non-co-operation of said 50 controlling means with the general operator, to

determine non-engagement of the associated computing pinions with their drivers during the general-operator cycle; said stop upon release of the latch by means of the corresponding carriage- 55 controlled coupling device, limiting the resulting state-controller shift to determine additive driving of the pinions; said stop being releasable to permit further shift of the state-controller to reverse the pinions.

15. In a computing machine having a set of computing wheels, the combination with a set of racks and idlers meshing with the racks, for driving the wheels reversely, and a general operator for advancing and returning the racks, of 5;, mechanism whereby the general operator may shift the pinions inrelatively transverse directions for engagement with either the racks or the idlers, said mechanism including a shaft operable by the general operator to rock intermittent- :0 ly in opposite directions prior, respectively, to the advance-and return of the racks, two pinionshlfters individually loose on said shaft, a clutchelement splined to said shaft to separately engage either shifter, and a movable mounting for 75 said pinions arranged and connected to said shifters, to shift the pinions in either direction, gliiggident upon which shifter is clutched to said 16. Machine constructed according to claim 15, the mounting including a frame having the computing pinions at the front thereof, the shaft extending crosswise in front of said frame, the racks being under, and the idlers being behind, the pinions, one of the rockableshifters extending horizontally from the shaft and being operatively connected to the front part of the frame, the connection being arranged to also support the frame at its front for free rearward and forward movement effected by rocking of the other shifter, the latter extending vertically from the shaft, said frame being supported at its rear for said horizontal movement, the rear support also forming a pivoting device about which the frame is swung toward and from the racks by the rocking of said horizontal shifter, the vertical shifter having a connection to said frame arranged to freely permit said swing.

17. Machine constructed according to claim 15 and including a state-determining member movable transversely of said shaft and having a cam, and an intermediate member mounted formovement parallel to said shaft and articulated to the clutch-element so as to permit rocking of the latter, said intermediate member enabling the state-determining member, by means of its cam, which engagessaid intermediate member, to set the rockable clutch-element.

18. In a computing machine having a carriage, the combination with a set of computing pinions, drivers for driving the pinions in one direction for addition, and in reverse direction for subtraction, and a general operator for the drivers, of a spring-driven differentially-movable state-determining member, means controlled by the diflerential movement of said member, for enabling the general operator to connect the pinions and drivers for driving the pinions reversibly, latching means restraining said member and differentially operable by the carriage as it enters a computing zone to release said member, the latter arranged to respond to said release by immediate movement of an extent dependent on the kind of computation repeatedly effected in said zone, and means manually settable to limit said movement to a less extent than is determined by said carriage, thereby to effect another kind of computation at will.

19. In a computing machine having a carriage, the combination with a set of computing pinions, drivers for driving the pinions in one direction for addition, and in reverse direction for subtraction, and a general operator for the drivers, of a spring-driven differentially-movable state-determining member, means controlled by the differential movement of said member for enabling the general operator to connect the pinions and drivers for driving the pinions reversibly, latching means restraining said state-determining member and differentially operable by the carriage as it enters a computing zone to release said member, and means co-operative with the general operator for restoring said state-determining member, said restoring means being arranged so that after the restoring operation it is clear of said state-determining member, so that the latter may respond to its carriage effected release by immediate movement of an extent dependent upon the kind of computation effected in a zone.

20. In a computing machine having a carriage,

.30 mining member operable to the combination with a plurality of sets of computing pinions and drivers therefor, and a general operator for the drivers, of selectively conditionable means for each set of pinions and cooperative with the general operator for connecting said pinions and their drivers for adding or subtracting, a spring-driven state-determining member for each set of pinions for conditioning said means, a pair of latches for each state-determining member, one of said latches normally holding said member in neutral position, each pair of latches arranged so that release of said one latch permits said state-determining member to assume an adding position against the other latch and so that the release of both latches permits said state-determining member to assume a. subtracting position, means whereby the carriage as it enters a computing zone releases the adding latches selectively, and subtractionsetting means operable manually or by the carriage and connected to release all the subtraction-latches, thereby to cause all the state-determining members, whose adding latches have been released by the carriage, to assume subtracting positions.

21, In a computing machine having a carriage movable to difierent computing zones, the combination with a set of computing pinions and drivers therefor, of a spring-driven state-deterdetermine connection of said pinions and drivers for reversible driving of the pinions, a latch normally restraining said member in neutral position determinative of non-connection of said pinions and drivers, means whereby the carriage withdraws said latch to release said state-determining member for immediately consequent movement while the carriage is in a computing zone, and stop-means manually settable to difierent positions to prevent or control said movement of said member when the latch is withdrawn by said carriage, said positions being determinative, in conjunction with the corresponding positions. of said state-determining member, of non-operation,

additive operation, and subtractive operation of said pinions.

22. In a multiple-register computing machine,

' the combination with a plurality of sets of computing pinions, indexable drivers therefor, and a general operator for the drivers, of'a plurality of spring-driven state-selectors, one for each set of pinions and releasableto cause the general operator to connect the pinions and drivers for a certain computative state, a latch for each springdriven state-selector normally operative for holding the latter in position for suppressing said certain computative state, universal means common to all the latches and operable for simultaneously withdrawing the latter, a detent-device becoming operative, upon actuation of said universal means to withdraw the latches, for maintaining the latches in their withdrawn positions, and means whereby the cycling of the general general operator, and computing pinions rotatable by the drivers, of a state-determining member differentially settable from a normal position before operation of the general operator to cause the pinions to be reversibly connected to the drivers for addition or subtraction, a restorer for said state-determining member, and means for operating said restorer, said means including a fullrevolution cam operable jointly with said general operator and a cam-follower connected to said restorer, said cam timed, relatively to a general-operator cycle, to drive said restorer to restore said state-determining member to said normal position and to then cause said restorer to recede from said state-determining member so that the latter may'be set again prior to another general-operator cycle.

26. In a computing machine, the combination each set of pinions differentially settable before operation of the general operator to cause the pinions to be reversibly connected tothe drivers, the several state-determining members being in the form of parallel elements mounted for individual movement, a restorer another general-operator cycle.

27. In a computing mechanism of the character described having a erator, the combination with a set of drivers driven by the general operator, and a set of computing pinions, of a spring-driven normally latched state-determining member releasable for immediate movement of different extents from a neutral position, for causing the pinions and drivers to be connected additively or subtractively, a leverpivoted at the front of said casing, one arm of the lever projecting from said casing and forming a key, another arm of said lever forming a stop for said state-determining member, and means for locating and holding said lever at different stations, said lever arranged to swing its stop-arm in the direction in which the state-determining member moves and being thereby effective to restore the latter to the position in which it may be relatched.

28. The combination with a general operator, a set of drive-racks driven thereby, idlers constantly meshing with the racks, and a set of computing pinions shiftable transversely to mesh with extending crosswise either racks or idlers, of spaced fixtures supporting a shaft on which said idlers are mounted, a computing-pinion frame having at its sides slots paralleling the racks and slidably fitted to the i idler-shaft, a rock-shaft operable'by the general operator to rock intermittently-in opposite directions prior, respectively, to the advance and return of said racks, two pinion-frame shiftersindividually loose on said shaft, one shifter presenting an arm having a slotted connection to said computing-pinion frame, said connection coacting with the pinion-frame slots and the idlershaft to guidethe pinion-frame for meshing the pinions with the idlers, said arm when rocked being effective to swing said frame about the idlershaft to mesh the computingpinions with the racks, the other shifter presenting arms spaced lengthwise of said shaft to align with the sides of the pinion-frame, links connecting said latter Z0 arms to said frame-sides, said latter arms effective when rocked, to shift the frame to mesh the pinions with the idlers, and a clutch-element splined to said shaft to engage either one of said shifters. Z5 29. The invention set forth in claim 28, the computing-pinion frame being flanked by said idlershaft fixtures, so that a part of said fixtures may interlock with a part of the pinion-frame when the latter is shifted to mesh the pinions with the racks or idlers, the interlocking means including notches, extending in intersecting directions, on one part, and a corresponding notch-entering element on the other part, said notches being open at their intersecting ends, and the aforesaid slots of the pinion-frame being also open to facilitate detachment of the pinion-frame.

30. In a computing machine having a set of drive-racks, idlers meshing with the racks, and a set of computing pinions, the combination of a 40 frame for said pinions, transversely shiftable for meshing the pinions with either the racks or the idlers, a single rock-shaft, two pinion-frame shifters loose on said shaft and arranged so that when rocked individually with the shaft, they, 45 respectively, shift the frame to mesh the pinions with the racks or idlers, aclutch-element splined to said shaft to rock therewith and settable therealong to separately engage either pinion-frame shifter, and means settable jointly with said 50 clutch-element and arranged to clear a pinionframe shifter when the latter is coupled to the shaft by said clutch-element, and to oppose and thereby lock said shifter, when the latter is not so coupled, against frame-shifting movement. 55 31. In a computing machine having a frame arranged to swing and thereby mesh computing pinions with drive-racks and also arranged to shift parallelly to said racks to mesh the pinions with idlers meshing with said racks, means for so 60 shifting said frame including, in combination, a rock-shaft, a pair of spaced arms loose on said shaft and rigidlyconnected by a yoke, said arms connected for shifting the frame to mesh the pin ions with the idlers, a third arm loose on said 65 shaft between said pair of arms, and connected for swinging said frame to mesh the pinions with the racks, a driving piece fastened to said shaft, and formed to abut, in one-way driving relation, said third arm and also said yoke, and a clutch- 70 element including a pair of spaced ears slidably fltting said shaft, and rigidly connected by a bar splined to said driving piece, said ears being with in said spaced arms and flanking said third arm and driving piece, said clutch-element being ar- 76 ranged so that, depending on its position, it may drive either said pair of arms or said third arm upon the rocking of said shaft in one direction to mesh the pinions either with the racks or idlers, the driving piece, by means of its said one-way driving relation, being eflective to return the operated arms upon reverse rocking of said shaft, for unmeshing said pinions.

32. In a computing machine having a carriage and a general operator, the combination with a -register selectively operable for a certain computing state, of a releasable spring-driven state-' determining member, a latch normally positioned for restraining said member, a latch-retractor having a positive one-way driving connection to said latch for retracting the latter, a spring tending to drive said retractor for retracting said latch, a bolt restraining said retractor, means whereby the carriage withdraws said bolt, said retractor being restorable by said general operator, and a resiliently yieldable connection between the state-determining-member latch and the retractor whereby restoration of the latter also effects restoration of vthe spring-determinin member latch, said resilient connection serving to snap and hold the state-determining-member latch in effective position and being unopposed to the latch-retractor-driving spring.

33. Machine constructed according to claim 32 and including a manually-operable key effective to withdraw said state-determining-member latch, said resilient connection yielding when said latch is withdrawn by means of said key, and thereby subjecting the latch to spring tension effective to snap the latch to restored position when said state-determining member is restored.

34. In a computing machine, the combination with a plurality of registers and a general operator therefor, of a plurality of parallel state-determining bars, one for each register, differentially settable before operation of the general operator, to cause the registers to be reversibly operated, a restoring rod extending crosswise of said parallel bars and slidably supported thereon, means for operating said restoring rod includinga shaft extending crosswise of said state-determining bars, and operable jointly with said general operator, a pair of spaced cams on said shaft, a pair of followers for said cams, and a pair of links connecting the followers to said restoring rod, the pairing of the cams, followers and links serving to move the restoring rod, slidably supported on said bars, in parallelism, said cams timed to drive said restoring rod to restore said state-determining bars and to then cause said restoring rod to recede so that the state-determining bars may be set again prior to another general-operator cycling.

35. In a. multiple-register computing machine having a carriage, the combination of a plurality of sets of computing pinions, a plurality of sets of indexable drivers therefor, each driver individually shiftable to indexing position, a single set of carriage-operated driver-shifting denominational trains having branches ramifying to said sets of drivers which are normally disconnected from said branches, carriage-controlled sets of couplers for selectively connecting the sets of branches to the drivers to effect registerselection, each set of pinions being reversibly connectible to its drivers, an individual statedetermining member for each set of pinions, means dependent on said sets of couplers whereby, responsive to the carriage-controlled coupling operation on a selected set of drivers, the carriage also causes setting of a corresponding state-

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