US2151482A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

March 21, 1939;

C. R. NEESON i PUMP Filed June 26, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

CHARLES R N50Al W Add wwz/ March 21, 1939. c. R. NEESON PUMP ' 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 26, 1957 INVENTOR. (HQ/H55 P- A/EESOA/ 'A m M 722?; m

ATTORNE Y.

March 21, 1939. QR. NQEESON 2,151,482

PUMP Filed June 26, 1957 SSheets-Shqet 3 FAQ -6 INVENTOR. CHARLES R. A/EESON BY 7%: Maw

ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 21, 1939 c UNITED STATES PUMP Charles Neeson, Dayton, Ohio, assignor, by

mesne assignments, to Chrysler Corporation, Highland Park, Mich a corporation of Delaware Application June 26, 1937, Serial No. 150.590 2 (Cl. 103126) My present invention relates to a pump of general utility in many fields and of particular utility for circulating a lubricating medium through en- "gines or machines of any type which may operate in reverse. A specialized machine of this type is a radial compressor such as more fully set forth in my copending applications, Serial Numbers 145,585, 145,586, 145,587. 145,588, and 145,- 589, filed on'May 29, 1937, which comprises a sealed compressing unit for refrigerants. including a motor and compressor sealed into a casing. a portion of which forms an enclosed oil reservoir. Within this oil reservoir there is mounted a pump for circulating oil through the unit town! the motor andto lubricate the bearings and other working parts. As fully set forth in my aforementioned application, Serlal Number 145,586,

the motors of such units may operate in either direction, the direction of rotation depending entirely upon the manner in which the motor connections are connected to thepower lines. Through carelessness or error the connections may be made so that the motor would rotate counter-clcckwise whereas clockwise rotation would be desired, or even after the original connections had been made the lines maybe reversed somewhere between the power plant and the motor with thesame effect. The compressor of my design is capable of operating at maximum eiliciencies regardless of the rotation of the niotor tov which it is connected, and as set forth in my application, Serial Number 145,586, I have combined therewith a pump having automatic'reversing features so that in case a motor reversal oc-v curs the pump will nevertheless continue to force a lubricant through the system in the proper direction. An object of the present invention is to devise a simple form of pump which will operate in such a combination, whether the same be the combination of a compressing unit and pump, or any other combination including a pump. A further object of the invention is to devise a pump which may be used in any desired location or with any driving mechanism so that careful selection of pump direction and motor direction characteristics is rendered-unnecessary. A further object of my invention is to adapt'the gear type of pump to uses requiring automatic reversing characteristics, thereby providing a more simple and cheaper form of pump than A heretofore found available for such uses. 4

The object of my invention will be more 1111 apparent after consideration of the following 55 specification taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 is'a plan view of one embodiment of my present invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section taken along line 2-2 5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a cross-section through the pump taken along line 3-3 of Fig. Zand looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 4 is a plan view of the lower portion of. the pump housing after all removable parts have been removed there- 10 from; Fig. 5 is a plan view of the upper portion of the pump housing, similar to Fig. 4, showing the flow-reversing member in position and showing in dotted outline the pump parts rotating in a clockwise direction; and Fig. 6 is a view similar 15 to Fig. 5 showing the pump parts rotating in a counter-clockwise direction.

, Fig. 1 discloses a pump housing 10 having bolted to the top thereof a pump head II which is provided with a journal I! having bearings i3 and 20 H within which rotates a driving shaft l5 connected to a motor, line-shaft or other driving means. ,The shaft l5, as more clearly seen in Figs. 2 and 3 is fastened to a driving gear l6 having peripheral teeth which is preferably shrunk- 25 fit onto the end of the shaft, which gear J6 is eccentrically located with respect to an outer ring gear ll having internal teeth of the same shape but greater in number by one tooth so that the gear teeth are in mesh at one point only and are exactly disengaged at a diametrically opposite point. Such gear pumps are well-known and the contours of the gear teeth assume several forms, the principle of the pumps being that at one side the teeth separate thereby causing fluid to be 3 drawn into the space between the gears, and at the other side the teeth come together thereby causing fluid to be forced from the spaces between the gears. The ring I1 is of the same thickness as the gear l6 and "the two are placed within a bear- 40 I ing depression in the lower surface of thepump head I I.

A reversing member 18 is mounted in the pump housing III, the reversing member having the same diameter and being concentric with the ring gear II. The member rests upon a shoulder l9 and is rotatively guided by a bearing extension 20 slidably mounted in a socket 2i. I'heextension 20. V is hollowand a spring 22 and thrust ball 23 mounted therein force the upper face of the reversing member 18 against the lower faces of the gears. The upper face of member '18 is provided with channels 25 and 26, each channel extending inwardly from the edge of the member a short distance and then substantially concentrically by forming a central island 21 surrounded by the grooves 25 and 28 except for narrow raised strips 180 apart at one side of the entrances to the channels 25 and 26. The channels are of such a width and so located as substantially to underlie the gear teeth and pockets between the gear teeth at all times.

The pump housing It is recessed to form channels 28 and 29 of substantially the same depth as channels 25 and 26, each channel extending from a diametrically opposite point approximately 110- about the inner circumference of the housing, thereby providing lands Ill and 3| spaced 180 apart. The relationship of the channels in the pump housing to the reversing member issuch that, with the reversing member in the position shaft I5 is rotating clockwise as shown in Fig. 5

the friction between the faces of the gears and the reversing member causes the reversing member to assume the position shown, whereas if the shaft l5 reverses direction the friction between the faces causes the reversing member to assume the position shown in Fig. 6. ,In Fig. 5 the gear teeth are separating adjacent channel 25, the open end of which is directly opposite opening 32. so that fluid entering channel 28 flows directly into channel 25 and thence into theenlarging spaces between the gear teeth. As soon as the gear teeth have passed beyond the channel 25 and approach the closed end of channel 26 the pockets between them begin to decrease in size thereby forcing fluid into the channel", the open end of which is directly opposite the discharge opening 34. In Fig. 6 fluid emerging from opening 32 traverses the length of channel 28 and channel 25 into the increasing pockets, then is forced into the channel 26 by the decreasing pockets, traverses the, length of channel I! and is discharged through opening 3|.

Inorder tolimit the reversing movement of the reversing member so as to have channel 25 l the reversing member.

In-order that trapped fluid in recess ll may not prevent the reversing member from becoming properly seated onshoulder 'll, a'relief opening 5| may be provided through the reversing member in the discharge or high-pressure side of the pump. By placing relief opening u in the highpressure side of the pump the pressures on opposite surfaces of the reversing member are placed substantially in equilibrium or greater on the lower surface, thereby making certain that the faces of the gears and the reversing member are kept in contact. were it not for this feature held in frictional engagement with the I 2,151,482 about the member for approximately 170, therethe reversing member might be lowered against the shoulder I! as soon as pressure built up to a greater extent than the strength of the spring 22, thus permitting some fluid to bypass from the discharge side back to the suction side.

Having described a preferred form of my invention it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the same may assume several modifications in arrangement and detail, all such as come within the scope of the following claims being considered a part of my invention.

I claim:

1. An automatically reversible, uni-directional pump. comprising a housing having an extendedsuction port and an extended discharge port therein, said ports each extending through an arc of slightly less than 180 in the internal wall of said housing, a driving gear and a driven ring gear mounted withinsaid housing, said driving gear having a flat face and peripheral teeth and said ring gear having a flat face in the same plane as the flat face of said driving gear and internal teeth in full engagement with said peripheral teeth at one point only, said driving gear having one less tooth than the number of teeth on said ring gear and said flat faces lying in a plane above the plane of said extended ports, and a rotatably mounted reversing member lying in the plane of said extended ports and having a flat face fiat faces of said gears, said reversing member being provided with means to limit rotation thereof to substantially 180 and being provided with-two open channels extending into the member from the flat face thereof and lying opposite and in communication with the pockets between the teeth of said gears, each of said channels being provided with a restricted opening extending to the edge of said member, one of said channels being in communication with said suction port and the other of said channels in communication with said discharge port at all times regardless of the position of said reversing member, said reversing men-.ber being frictionally rotatable by engagement with said gears from one extreme position to another extreme position in accordance with the direction of rotation of said gears whereby to maintain uni-directional flow through said pump regardless of the direction of rotation of said gears.

2. An automatically reversible, uni-directional pump comprising a housing having an extended suction .port and an extended adischarge port therein, said ports each extending through an arc of slightly less than 180 in the internal wall of said housing, a driving gear and a driven ring gear mounted within said housing, said driving gear having a flat face and peripheral teeth and said ring gear having a flat face in the same plane as the flat face of said driving gear and internal teeth in full engagement with said peripheral teeth at one point only, said driving gear having means to limit rotation thereof to substantially and being provided with two open channels extending into the member from the flat face with the pockets between theteeth oi saidge'ars, each'of said charmels being provided with a. re-

stricted opening extending to the edge of said member, one of said channels being in communication with said suction port and the other of said channels in communication "with said discharge port at all times regardiess of the position thereof and lying ohposite and in communication of said reversing member, said reversing ineniber beingirictionally rotatable by engagementflwith said gears from one extreme position to another extreme positionin accordance with the direction of rotation ofsaid gears whereby to maintain uni-directional flow through said pump regardiess'" of the direction of rotation of said gears;

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