US2151126A - Aeration apparatus - Google Patents

Aeration apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US2151126A
US2151126A US9235436A US2151126A US 2151126 A US2151126 A US 2151126A US 9235436 A US9235436 A US 9235436A US 2151126 A US2151126 A US 2151126A
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liquid
chamber
fluid
mass
gasiform fluid
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James Lockey
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Standard Brands Inc
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Standard Brands Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/20—Activated sludge processes using diffusers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • B01F23/2331—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • B01F23/2331—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements
    • B01F23/23312—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements through a conduit surrounding the stirrer axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • B01F23/2331—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements
    • B01F23/23314—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the introduction of the gas along the axis of the stirrer or along the stirrer elements through a hollow stirrer element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/2366—Parts; Accessories
    • B01F23/2368—Mixing receptacles, e.g. tanks, vessels or reactors, being completely closed, e.g. hermetically closed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F27/94—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with rotary cylinders or cones
    • B01F27/941—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with rotary cylinders or cones being hollow, perforated or having special stirring elements thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/30—Driving arrangements; Transmissions; Couplings; Brakes
    • B01F35/32—Driving arrangements
    • B01F35/321—Disposition of the drive
    • B01F35/3214—Disposition of the drive at the upper side of the axis, e.g. driving the stirrer from the top of a receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/40—Mounting or supporting mixing devices or receptacles; Clamping or holding arrangements therefor
    • B01F35/41—Mounting or supporting stirrer shafts or stirrer units on receptacles
    • B01F35/412—Mounting or supporting stirrer shafts or stirrer units on receptacles by supporting both extremities of the shaft
    • B01F35/4121—Mounting or supporting stirrer shafts or stirrer units on receptacles by supporting both extremities of the shaft at the top and at the bottom of the receptacle, e.g. for performing a conical orbital movement about a vertical axis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/02—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements
    • C12M27/04—Stirrer or mobile mixing elements with introduction of gas through the stirrer or mixing element
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
    • C12M27/18—Flow directing inserts
    • C12M27/20—Baffles; Ribs; Ribbons; Auger vanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/117—Stirrers provided with conical-shaped elements, e.g. funnel-shaped
    • B01F27/1171—Stirrers provided with conical-shaped elements, e.g. funnel-shaped having holes in the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
    • B01F27/191—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with similar elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for contacting gaseous and liquid materials, especially for the aeration of liquids or dispersion of gases or vapors in liquids, and more particularly to fermenters used in'the manufacture of yeast on the aeration principle.
  • a general object of the invention is to provide an apparatus whereby gases and liquids may be contacted, which is economical of manufacture,
  • the invention accordingly comprises the features ofconstruction, combination, of elements, and arrangement of parts, which will be exemplifled in the construction hereinafter set forth and the scope of the application of which will be indiso cated in the claims.
  • 5 lfig. 1 is a sectional elevational view illustrating 3 a preferred form of the invention.
  • the present invention comprises an aerating apparatus having a perforated or equivlalent multiple gapped chamber rotatable in a g submerged position within a suitable receptacle,.
  • any suitable independent agitating means may be provided, or the vat or other liquid container may be shaped to'hinder smooth circular motion of the liquid.
  • asubmerged chamber III which consists of an upwardly tapering cone of perforated metal having a perforated cylindrical neck I I reaching up beyond the'surface of a liquid 5 mass I! in a vat [3 containing the liquid to be aerated.
  • a vertical stem or central spindle ll carrying a gear wheel or pulley l5 enables the chamber with protruding neck to be rotated at any desired speed.
  • the liquid is initially flung 10 out through the perforations it it becomes replaced by air which in turn is whirled and flung/- out and projected into the external surrounding liquid mass.
  • An apparatus for contacting a gasiform fluid with a liquid comprising in combination a reaction vessel containing a reaction mass, bailles to aid in agitating said mass and a partially submerged rotatable chamber having a film-forming upwardly converging frusto-conical portion positioned in said vessel adapted to admit a gasiform fluid in its unsubmerged portion and to expel said gasiform fluid throughout its submerged portion to form a film-like pad of the gasiform fluid on the outside surface of said frusto-conical portion substantially to eliminate friction of said mass with said chamber and uniformly to disperse said fluid throughout said reaction mass.
  • a rotatable chamber having a cylindrical portion adapted to admit a gaslform fluid and an upwardly converging frusto-conical portion adapted when submerged in a liquid uniformly to expel said fluid therein and to forms. film-like 'pad of the gasiform fluid between said frusto-conlcai portion and said liquid.
  • An apparatus for contacting a gasiform fluid with a liquid comprising in combination a vessel containing a liquid, a partially submerged rotatable body having an unsubmerged gasiform fluid admission passage positioned therein and an upwardly converging frusto-conical portion upon the outer surfaces of which portion a film-like pad of gasii'ormfluid forms, the walls of said body being perforated substantially throughout their entire area and agitating meansvbetween said body and said vessel.
  • An apparatus for contacting a gasiform fluid with a liquid comprising in combination a reaction vessel containing a reaction mass, a rotate able'chamber having an unsubmerged gasiform fluid admission passage positioned therein and an upwardly converging frusto-conical portion upon the outer surfaces of which portion a film-like pad of gasiform fluid forms, the walls of said chamher being perforated substantially throughout their entire area and means amxed to said vessel to hinder smooth circular action of said mass, said chamber being adapted when partially submerged to expel gasiform fluid through the walls of its submerged portion.
  • An apparatus for contacting a gasiform fluid with a liquid comprising in combination a reaction vessel containing a reaction mass, a r0ta table chamber having an unsubmerged gasiform fluid admission passage positioned therein and having an upwardly converging frusto-conical portion upon the outer surfaces of which portion a film-like pad of gasiform fluid forms, the walls of said chamber being perforated substantially throughout their entire area and baffles to agitate said mass, said chamber being so shaped that when partially submerged it is adapted to expel gasiform fluid evenly and uniformly throughout different zones of said mass to accommodate differences in hydrostatic pressure.
  • An apparatus for contacting a gasiform fluid with a liquid comprising in combination a reaction vessel containing a reaction mass, an upper and lower framework carrying spaced apart bailies, and a perforated chamber having an unsubmerged gasiform fluid admission passage and an upwardly converging frusto-conical portion upon the outer surfaces of which portion a filmlike pad of gasiform fluid forms partially submerged in and adapted to expel fluid uniformly throughout said mass, the walls of said'chamber being perforated substantially throughout their entire area.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Description

March 2.1, 1939. Lgc 2,151,126
AERATION APPARATUS Filed July 24, 1936 INVENTOR BY 6 ,QZMMW ATTORNE Patented Mar. 21, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,151,126 A summon APPARATUS Application July 24, 1938, Serial No. 92,354 In Great Britain August 23, 1935 6 Claim. (01. 261-93) This invention relates to an apparatus for contacting gaseous and liquid materials, especially for the aeration of liquids or dispersion of gases or vapors in liquids, and more particularly to fermenters used in'the manufacture of yeast on the aeration principle.
A general object of the invention is to provide an apparatus whereby gases and liquids may be contacted, which is economical of manufacture,
simple yet durable and sturdy of construction;
and easy to clean and to operate.
Specific objects of the invention areto provide an apparatus which is'capableofdispersing large volumes of air or other gasiform fluid in a liquid,.
create vigorous turbulence without requiring a large expenditure of power and which provides an aeration chamber which preferably is so shaped that notwithstanding'the differences of hydrostatic pressure. due to different depths of submergence of different zones of the chamber the air or gas is'ejected emciently and uniformly at the diflerent zones.
Qther objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part appear hereinafter.
The invention accordingly comprises the features ofconstruction, combination, of elements, and arrangement of parts, which will be exemplifled in the construction hereinafter set forth and the scope of the application of which will be indiso cated in the claims.
For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the invention, reference should be had to, the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which 5 lfig. 1 is a sectional elevational view illustrating 3 a preferred form of the invention.
Generally, the present invention comprises an aerating apparatus having a perforated or equivlalent multiple gapped chamber rotatable in a g submerged position within a suitable receptacle,.
as a fermenting vat or similar reaction vessel. A passage or group of passages leading to the 4 space above the submerging liquid is provided so -that.when the chamber is rotated and the liquid therein is ejected through the perforations or gap's by centrifugal force the air or gas above the liquid will be induced to flow down the passage or passages and be similarly ejected. In order to insure that'the liquid surrounding the sub- 60 merged chamber shall not rotate quietly with it, and to prevent formation of a vertical cavity around said chamber, any suitable independent agitating means may be provided, or the vat or other liquid container may be shaped to'hinder smooth circular motion of the liquid.
-Referring more particularly to Fig. 1 of the drawing, there is shown asubmerged chamber III which consists of an upwardly tapering cone of perforated metal having a perforated cylindrical neck I I reaching up beyond the'surface of a liquid 5 mass I! in a vat [3 containing the liquid to be aerated. A vertical stem or central spindle ll carrying a gear wheel or pulley l5 enables the chamber with protruding neck to be rotated at any desired speed. As the liquid is initially flung 10 out through the perforations it it becomes replaced by air which in turn is whirled and flung/- out and projected into the external surrounding liquid mass. Even if the perforations are relatively coarse as is preferably for cleaning pur- 15 poses, the air streams become finely dispersed in the surrounding liquid owing to the nature of the Y discharge. and moreover the liquid is violently agitated, especially if the rotation of the mass is impeded as, for example, by a series of baffles 20 i8 vertically supported by an upper and lower framework l1, l1, fitting against the internal wall of the reaction vessel. The spindle i4 carrying the rotatable chamber it is journalled in this framework as at l9 and 20. 25
Owing to the shape of the chamber a film-like pad of issuing air is formed on the outside of the submerged portion. .Thereby friction with the surrounding liquid is substantially eliminated and the power required to rotate the chamber is correspondingly reduced.
As it is desirable, for some purposes, to purify the alt entering the submerged chamber or to interpreted as illustrative andfnot in a limiting sense. I i
Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:
1'. An apparatus for contacting a gasiform fluid with a liquid comprising in combination a reaction vessel containing a reaction mass, bailles to aid in agitating said mass anda partially submerged rotatable chamber having a film-forming upwardly converging frusto-conical portion positioned in said vessel adapted to admit a gasiform fluid in its unsubmerged portion and to expel said gasiform fluid throughout its submerged portion to form a film-like pad of the gasiform fluid on the outside surface of said frusto-conical portion substantially to eliminate friction of said mass with said chamber and uniformly to disperse said fluid throughout said reaction mass.
2. In an apparatus for contacting a gasiform fluid with a liquid, a rotatable chamber having a cylindrical portion adapted to admit a gaslform fluid and an upwardly converging frusto-conical portion adapted when submerged in a liquid uniformly to expel said fluid therein and to forms. film-like 'pad of the gasiform fluid between said frusto-conlcai portion and said liquid.
3. An apparatus for contacting a gasiform fluid with a liquid comprising in combination a vessel containing a liquid, a partially submerged rotatable body having an unsubmerged gasiform fluid admission passage positioned therein and an upwardly converging frusto-conical portion upon the outer surfaces of which portion a film-like pad of gasii'ormfluid forms, the walls of said body being perforated substantially throughout their entire area and agitating meansvbetween said body and said vessel.
4. An apparatus for contacting a gasiform fluid with a liquid comprising in combination a reaction vessel containing a reaction mass, a rotate able'chamber having an unsubmerged gasiform fluid admission passage positioned therein and an upwardly converging frusto-conical portion upon the outer surfaces of which portion a film-like pad of gasiform fluid forms, the walls of said chamher being perforated substantially throughout their entire area and means amxed to said vessel to hinder smooth circular action of said mass, said chamber being adapted when partially submerged to expel gasiform fluid through the walls of its submerged portion.
5. An apparatus for contacting a gasiform fluid with a liquid comprising in combination a reaction vessel containing a reaction mass, a r0ta table chamber having an unsubmerged gasiform fluid admission passage positioned therein and having an upwardly converging frusto-conical portion upon the outer surfaces of which portion a film-like pad of gasiform fluid forms, the walls of said chamber being perforated substantially throughout their entire area and baffles to agitate said mass, said chamber being so shaped that when partially submerged it is adapted to expel gasiform fluid evenly and uniformly throughout different zones of said mass to accommodate differences in hydrostatic pressure.
6. An apparatus for contacting a gasiform fluid with a liquid comprising in combination a reaction vessel containing a reaction mass, an upper and lower framework carrying spaced apart bailies, and a perforated chamber having an unsubmerged gasiform fluid admission passage and an upwardly converging frusto-conical portion upon the outer surfaces of which portion a filmlike pad of gasiform fluid forms partially submerged in and adapted to expel fluid uniformly throughout said mass, the walls of said'chamber being perforated substantially throughout their entire area.
JAMES LOCKEY.
US9235436 1935-08-23 1936-07-24 Aeration apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2151126A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2369835A GB461439A (en) 1935-08-23 1935-08-23 Improvements in or relating to the aeration of liquids or dispersion of gases or vapours in liquids

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US2151126A true US2151126A (en) 1939-03-21

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FR (1) FR809706A (en)
GB (1) GB461439A (en)
NL (1) NL44649C (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2474007A (en) * 1945-06-21 1949-06-21 Shell Dev Method of and apparatus for contacting fluids
US2733056A (en) * 1951-05-11 1956-01-31 Mixing of gases and liquids
US3625834A (en) * 1967-07-03 1971-12-07 Mueller Hans Method of mixing gaseous and liquid phases
DE3606648A1 (en) * 1985-03-01 1986-09-11 New Brunswick Scientific Co., Inc., Edison, N.J. VENTILATION DEVICE FOR FERMENTATION SYSTEMS

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CS228221B1 (en) * 1981-08-10 1984-05-14 Krovak Premysl Fermentation device,particularly for viscous aerobe mediums
JPS6078626A (en) * 1983-10-06 1985-05-04 Yokosuka Booto Kk Method and apparatus for dissolving air into liquid
HU199557B (en) * 1987-06-12 1990-02-28 Biogal Gyogyszergyar Equipment of fermentation for breeding of aerobic microorganisms
GB2268420B (en) * 1992-07-04 1995-11-29 Flow Research Evaluation Diagn Improvements relating to liquid treatment apparatus
EP2153885A1 (en) * 2008-08-14 2010-02-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. A foaming device for foaming a liquid substance

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2474007A (en) * 1945-06-21 1949-06-21 Shell Dev Method of and apparatus for contacting fluids
US2733056A (en) * 1951-05-11 1956-01-31 Mixing of gases and liquids
US3625834A (en) * 1967-07-03 1971-12-07 Mueller Hans Method of mixing gaseous and liquid phases
DE3606648A1 (en) * 1985-03-01 1986-09-11 New Brunswick Scientific Co., Inc., Edison, N.J. VENTILATION DEVICE FOR FERMENTATION SYSTEMS

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FR809706A (en) 1937-03-09
GB461439A (en) 1937-02-17
NL44649C (en) 1938-12-15

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