US2145045A

US2145045A - Permanent hair waving apparatus and method

Info

Publication number: US2145045A
Application number: US144433A
Authority: US
Inventors: William J Faires
Original assignee: WARREN E WEBER; WILLIAM C MCFARLAND
Current assignee: WARREN E WEBER; WILLIAM C MCFARLAND
Priority date: 1937-05-24
Filing date: 1937-05-24
Publication date: 1939-01-24
Anticipated expiration: 1956-01-24

Description

Jan. 24, 1939.

w. J. FVAIRES PERMANENT HAIR WAVING APPARATUS AND METHOD Filed May 24, 1937 Patented Jan. 24, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PERMANENT HAIR WAVING APPARATUS AND METHOD to Warren E. Weber,

both of Chicago, Ill.

Application May 24, 1937, Serial No. 144,438

9- Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in methods of permanent waving hair and to improvements in a novel apparatus therefor.

The main objects of the present invention are to provide a method and apparatus for permanent hair waving in which the hair is wound on a winding pin under the tension of a clamp in which is embodied the heating element; to provide a device of this character on which means are permanently secured to protect the scalp from the action of the heat; and to provide a method and device of this character which is simple in construction and operation, inexpensive to manufacture and which method and device may be readily manipulated and practiced by both professional and non-professional operators without the attendant danger which usually accompanies permanent hair waving processes.

An illustrative embodiment of my invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. l is a. sectional view of an apparatus in use with a formed spiral in place.

Fig. 2 is a sectional View of the spring clamp in open position.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of the inner and outer shell of the spring clamp prior to assembling.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view illustrating the hinged connection in the clamp.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the winding pin, and,

Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the parts forming the exothermic heating and moistening element.

Referring in detail to the drawing, my improved clamp is comprised of two pairs of arcuate shaped shell members, outer shells I and 2, and inner shells 3 and 5. Each of the outer shells l and 2 is provided with upwardly extending portions 5 and 6, which form a clamping handle for the device, and laterally extending flanged portions 7 and 8 which are provided with downwardly extending bars 9 and ID. The inner shells 3 and 4 are of smaller area than the outer shells l and 2, but conform in shape and are each provided with apertured cared portions H and I2, and solid eared portions I3 and M. The eared portions l3 and M are arranged to be inserted in the apertures in the eared portions H and I2 and form a hinge for the device. Each of the inner shells 3 and 4 is also provided with laterally extending flanges l5 and [B of greater area than the flanges 1 and 8. The flanges l5 and I6 are each provided with grooves I? which are arranged to receive the ears 9 and It when the outer shell and inner shell are brought together and the eared portions bent inwardly, as shown in Fig. 1.

Protective pads l8 and I9 are secured to the flanges by forcing the pads over the prongs 20, contained on the flanges l, '8, I5, and I6, and then by upsetting the prongs the pads are semipermanently secured thereon.

A spring means 21 is arranged to encircle the medial portion of the inner shell as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 and tends to normally urge the clamp to closed position.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that an included opening 22 is formed between the inner walls of the inner shell and a space opening 23 is formed between the inner and outer shells.

The winding rod, pin, or curler shown in Fig. 6 comprises a cylindrical rod 24, a clamping bar 25, which is hingedly connected to the rod 24 as by a pivot pin 25, and is provided with a keyed end 21.

The heating element is comprised of a chemical pad 28, a perforated foil 28, an absorbent paper 39 and a non-absorbent paper wrapper 3i. chemicals contained in the pad 28 are of the type that when wetted they will chemically react and produce intense heat until the chemical action has been spent.

In operation the hair of the patron is first 5 prepared in the usual way and divided into locks. Then the heating element is wetted to excite the chemicals thereon and the pad is inserted in. the space 23 between the inner and outer shells I and 2, and 3 and '6. the tips thereof are threaded on the winding pin and turned to wind the hair thereon. After starting the spiral the clamp is opened by pressing the handles toward each other, thereby causing the jaws thereof to spread apart or open.

The clamp is placed over the winding pin and will now be disposed within the included opening 22. When the handle is released the spring means 2| will cause the jaws to closeso that the inner edges of the protective pad l8 will tend to abut each other and firmly hold the lock of hair therebetweeh. By turning the winding pin further, in the same direction as originally started, the hair look is wound on the pin under tension, thereby stretching the hair. By turning the pin the clamp will be drawn downwardly until the protective pad abuts the scalp.

It can readily be seen that the protective covering is now in a position to protect the scalp from the action of the heat of the heating ele- The A look of hair is selected and l ment, as well as any steam that may be released either from the pad or from the hair, due to any moisture contained in either.

The heat energy in the chemical pad is so proportioned that by the time the lock of hair is completely covered by the tension clamp, there is still enough heat in the pad to complete the wave fixing process. When the heat energy has all been spent, the wave will be found to be set. The temperature of the unit is allowed to cool while still on the head of the patron, and when cool the tension on the clamp is partly released; the winding pin removed, and then the clamp is completely removed from the lock of hair.

The simplicity of the operation and ease of manipulation in any improved invention makes it possible for either a professional or nonprofessional person to wave his own hair, as the apparatus consists of only two working elements; that is, the clamp and the winding pin.

It can readily be seen that by the use of applicants invention the complicated arrangements now in use for permanent waving hair may readily be discarded.

Although but one specific embodiment of the present invention is herein shown and described, it is to be understood that numerous details of the construction may be altered or omitted without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined by the following claims.

I claim:

1. A device of the class described comprising a spring-operated tension clamp having jaws and scalp-protecting means secured to said clamp adjacent the jaw opening.

2. A device of the class described comprising a pair of members hingedly connected together to form a clamp, having a pair of jaws and an included opening, said jaws being normally held in closed position by a spring-actuating means and means secured adjacent the end of said jaws to protect the scalp when the device is in use.

3. A device of the class described comprising a pair of members hingedly connected together to form a clamp, having a pair of jaws and an included opening, means normally urging said jaws to closed position, and means secured adjacent the end of said jaws to protect the scalp when the device is in use.

4. A device of the class described comprising a pair of members hingedly connected together to form a clamp, one end of each of said members being formed to provide a handle for the device and the other end of each of. said members being arcuate in shape to provide an included opening, a flange extending laterally and. outwardly from the lower portion of each of said members, protective pads secured to said flanges, spring means normally urging said members to closed position, and said members providing a space therebetween within which an exothermic heating pad may be positioned.

5. The method of waving hair which comprises placing a heating element having suflicient heat energy to fix a hair wave inside of a self-adjusting tension clamp, then separating a lock of hair and attaching the free ends thereof to a winding pin; then encircling the winding pin with the heating tension clamp and drawing the hair under tension into the heating clamp while forming the spira1 on the winding pin; and then removing the clamp and winding pin when the heat energy is spent.

6. The method of waving hair which comprises placing an exothermic heating element having suflicient heat energy to fix a hair wave inside of a self-adjusting tension clamp; then separating a lock of hair and attaching the free ends thereof to a winding pin; then encircling the winding pin with the heating tension clamp and drawing the into the heating clamp, while forming the spiral on said winding pin; and then removing the clamp and winding pin when the heat energy is spent.

8. The method of waving hair which comprises placing a combined exothermic heating and moistening element having sufficient heat energy to fix a hair wave inside of a self-adjusting tension clamp; then separating a lock of hair and attaching the free ends thereof to a winding pin; then placing the heating tension clamp over and encircling the Winding pin and drawing the hair under tension into the heating clamp while form.- ing the spiral on said winding pin; and then removing the clamp and winding pin when the heat energy is spent.

9. The method of waving hair which comprises exciting an exothermic heating element having sufiicient heat energy to fix a hair wave and placing the same on the inside of a spring clamp; then separating a lock of hair and attaching the free ends thereof to a winding pin; then placing the spring clamp over and encircling the winding pin and drawing the lock of hair under tension into the spring clamp while forming the spiral on said winding pin; then removing the clamp and winding pin when the heat energy is spent.

WILLIAM J. FAIRES.