US2139078A

US2139078A - Concrete form

Info

Publication number: US2139078A
Application number: US45603A
Authority: US
Inventors: William A Gurtler
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1935-10-18
Filing date: 1935-10-18
Publication date: 1938-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 1955-12-06

Description

Dec. 6; 1938.

W. A. GURTLER CONCRETE Pom-1 4 sheetsheet 1 Filed OctA 18,

INVENTOR ATTORNEY DeCf 6, 193,8- i W A. GURTLER 2,139,078

CONCRETE FORM Filed oct. 18, 1935 l 4 sheets-sheet 2 |N\v/ENTVCI)R mgm BY ATToNEY Dec. 6,1938. w. A. GURTLER CONCRETE FORM Filed oci. la, 1955 4 sheets-sheet 5 ATTQRNEY WA A. GURTLEF; 2,139,078

CONCRETE FORM Dc. 6, 193s.

Filed oct. 1,8, 1955 4 sheets-Sheet 4.

.32a 5o aaa.

ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 6, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 19 claims.

This invention pertains to steel forms for moulding concrete culverts such as tunnels, sewers and the like'with specific reference to the collapsible type of form which may be readily `collapsed and expanded in order to expedite the movement of the form from one location to another. Moreover, the form of the present invention is disclosed by the accompanying drawings for use in constructing arched culverts but it will be understood that the novel features embodied in the present invention may be used in constructing a culvert of any cross-sectional contour. The arched type o-f form is shown by the accompanying drawings merely as a means of exemplication.

` One of the objects of the present invention is the provision of means whereby the top and side walls of the form, as well as the carrier, may be moved in a vertical direction with respect to the supporting wheels in order to collapse the form from a completed concrete section or expanded in alignment with the proposed culvert to be formed.

Another object of the invention is the provision of means whereby the side walls of the form may be moved outwardly of the carrier during the expanding movement of the form. A

Another object of the invention is the provision of cantilevered side Walls.

It may so develop that the rails, employed to guide the form along the proposed line of construction, are not in horizontal alignment and it is therefore a further object of the invention to utilize the collapsing` and expanding mechanism tol provide a lateral adjustment to the form..

A still further object of the invention is the provision in the side walls of the form to compensate for the hydrostatic forces exerted upon the side walls by the plastic concrete thereby providing an even surface between the precast concrete invert and the concrete side walls oi the culvert.

I These and other objects will become apparent to those skilled in the art by referring to the accompanying drawings which form a part of the present specification, in which: I

Figure 1 shows a vertical, cross-sectional view taken through a steelforrn, in expanded position before the top portion of the culvertV has been cast, embodying the vpreferred form of the improvements. of the present invention.

Figure 2 discloses a View similar to that sho-wn by Figure 1 excepting that the top portion of the 55 culvert has been cast and the steel form is shown in collapsed position ready to be moved to an advanced location.

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal view taken along the lines 3 3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4, an enlarged sectional view taken along the lines 4 4 of Figure l, shows a portion of the collapsing and expanding mechanism when the form is in. expanded position.

Figure V5, an enlarged view taken along the lines 5 -5 of Figure 2, shows a portion of the collapsing and expanding mechanism when the form is in collapsed position.

Figure 6 shows an enlarge-d View taken along the lines @-16 of Figure 3.

Figure 7, an enlarged view taken along the lines 'I-l' of Figure 1, shows the preferred means of retaining the side walls in expanded position. Figure 8, an enlarged view taken along the lines 8-8 of Figure l, shows the method employed for imparting the initial outward horizontal movement to the side Walls during the expanding ofthe steel form as. well as allowing the final inward horizontal movement of the side walls during the collapse of the form.

Figure 9, an yenlarged view taken along the lines 9-9 of Figure 3, shows` the preferred mechanism employed to control the collapsing and expanding movement of the form.

Referring now in. detail to the drawings wherein like reference characters indicate like parts the carrier, comprising the supporting structure for the form and generally designated as I, has a plurality of spaced sill members 2 extending 1ongitudinally of the carrier substantially the entire length thereof. posts 3, extending between and secured to the sill members 2, are connected together adjacent their upper portion by means of the transverse cross bars 4. Angles 5 secured to the vertical posts 3, intermediate the height thereof, assists in maintaining the posts 3 in spaced alignment. Braces Ii, reinforcing the carrier against lateral stresses, are connected to the angles 5 adjacent the medial line of the form and diverge upwardly to be con: nected to the gusset plates l. The plates 1 which are secured to the carrier adjacent the extremities of the cross bars. 4 and pDStS 3 have a D01'- tion 'la projecting outwardly from the carrier I beyond the posts 3 and above the plane of the cross bars 4; Angular braces 8 and struts 9 are employed to connect the posts 3 together and thereby reinforce the carrier I against longitudinal stresses.

The top wall I0 of the form, preferably comprising an integral part of the carrier I, extends Spaced vertically disposed side across the top of the carrier and includes a plurality of arcuate top beams II spaced longitudinally ofthe carrier I and overlying, in spaced re'- lation, the cross bars 4. The top beams I I attached to the portion 'la of the gusset plates 1 are connected to the cross bars 4 adjacent the vertical medial line of the form by means of the spacers I2. Channel shaped ribs I4 extend between and are secured to the arcuate angular members I3 which are supported by the top beams II. Completing the top wall of the form is a lagging plate I5 overlying and secured to the ribs I4.

Spaced outwardly of the side posts 3 of the carrier I are arcuate side walls I6 suspended from adjacent the top portion of the carrier and providing a continuation of the top wall Il). The side walls are pivotally attached, inwardly of their vertical neutral axis, to the portion 'Ia` of the gusset plate 1 by means of the pins I'I thereby providing a tendency for the side wall to move inwardly toward the carrier I. The side Walls include a plurality of longitudinally spaced f trusses having an offset inner chord member I8 and an arcuate outer chord member I9 secured together at their extremities by the gusset plates 20. Diagonal bracing 2l 1s employed to retain the inner chord members I8 and the outer chord members I9 in spaced relation. Extending longitudinally of the side Walls and located between the inner and outer chord members are whaling channels 22 connecting the trusses together intermediate their vertical ends. Attached to the outer chord members I9 are arcuate angular members 23 having longitudinally disposed

ribs

24 and 24a extending therebetween and secured thereto. Lagging plates 25, overlying and attached to the

ribs

24 and 24a, are in arcuate alignment with the lagging plate I5 of the top wall I0 and have a portion 25a extending beyond the ribs 24a. Spaced inwardly of the portion 25a of the lagging plates 25 are liners 26 extending longitudinally of the side walls and connect- 4 ing the lower portion of the trusses together.

When the side walls have been moved outwardly of the carrier to the fully expanded position it will be observed, by referrring to Figure 1 of the drawings, that the portion 25a of the lagging plates 25 has been forced inwardly of the side Walls toward the liners 26. This stress is placed in the portion 25a of the lagging plates in order that when the hydrostatic forces created by the plastic concrete tends to force the side walls inwardly the portion 25a will, due to the short leverage between the end of the portion 25a and the adjacent rib 24a, remain against the precast invert. By thus compensating for the hydrostatic iorces exerted upon the side walls of the form the joint between the precast invert and the newly cast concrete side walls will result in a smooth surface.

Plates I8a, secured to the inner chord members 48 and extending outwardly of the side walls I6 to a position between the side posts 3 of the carrier I, acts as guides to the lower portion of the side walls during the collapsing and expanding movement of the form.

The side walls are moved to their iinal expanded position and retained fully expanded by a plurality of compressive members, preferably screw jacks, 2'I which are secured to the outer surface of the posts 3 intermediate the height thereof and extending outwardly of the carrier I. The screw jacks 2'I have a portion 21a adapted to engage the bufling plates 28 secured to the inner chord members I8 of the side wall trusses. It will be noted that the side walls form a cantilever due to the supporting pivotal connection between the side walls and the carrier adjacent the top portion thereof' and the jacks 2'I located intermediate the vertical height of the side walls.

The carrier is transported from one location to another by means of the wheels 29 adapted to travel upon the rails 30. The Wheels 29 are rotatably mounted on eccentric axles generally designated as 3|. It will be observed from the following description that the form comprising a carrier I, top wall I0 and spaced side walls I 6 is collapsed and expanded solely by means of the vertical movement of the supporting wheels and associate members. The wheels 29 are spaced at convenient intervals longitudinally of the carrier between the sill members 2. The eccentric axles 3I comprise spaced levers 32, cams 33, pins 34 and bearing rods 35. The cams 33 are of suicient diameter to t the bore of the wheels 29 and preferably of a length equal to the thickness of the hubs 31 of the wheels. The spaced levers 32, positioned between the sill members 2 and the opposite sides of the wheels 29, have a portion 32a projecting above the top plane of the sill members the purpose of which will be hereinafter explained. The pins 34 located at a position spaced from the center of the cams 33 extends through the cams and spaced levers 32 and are retained in position by the webs 2a of the sill members 2. Bearing rods 35, located on the opposite side of the center line of the cams 33 from the pins 34, extend through the webs 2a of the spaced sill members 2, spaced levers 32 and cams 33 providing a pivotal connection between the wheels 29 and the carrier I. It will be noted from the preceding description that the wheels 29 are adapted to rotate on the cams 33 while the form is supported by the wheels and the bearing rods 35 through the medium of the spaced levers 32.

Extending longitudinally on each side of the carrier and positioned above the sill members 2 are spaced operating

bars

36 and 36a which control the collapsing and expanding movement of the form. The operating bars are slidably' connected to the opposite sides of the vertical posts 3 by means of the guide clips 31. Secured to and spaced at intervals longitudinally of the operating bars 36 and 36a are bolts 50 extending beyond the sides of the bars and engaging the slots 38 of the levers 32. Due to the Weight of the carrier I, top wall I0 and spaced side walls I6 being transmitted to the wheels 29 through the spaced levers 32 a tensional force will be created.

within the

bars

36 and 36a.

Supports 39, extending above the sill membersV 2 adjacent the one end thereof, are secured to the webs 2a of the sills and provide a journal for the longitudinally disposed screws 40. Attached to one end of the screw 40, in juxtaposition to the supports 39, are ratchet jacks 4I adapted to impart a rotatory motion to the screws 40. The nuts 42, located on the opposite side of the support from the ratchet jack, are provided with oppositely disposed projections 42a engaging the slot 38 in the adjacentl levers 32 and the spaced operating bars 36 and 36a.

Secured to the outer surface of the operating bars 36a are a plurality of wedges 43 positioned to engage the wedges 44 which are attached to the outer surface of the inner chords I8 of the side walls thereby providing the initial outward horizontal movement of the side walls during the expanding movement of the form. The

wedges

43 and 44 will also permit the final inward horicollapse of the form.

` The operation of the form is as follows: Assuming the form is in collapsed position and advanced to a new location and it is desired to expand the form in order to cast a section of the culvert. By manipulating the ratchet jacks 4l a rotatory motion will be imparted to the screws 40 thereby providing a horizontal movenient, in a direction toward the supports 39, to the nuts 42 and

operating bars

36 and 36a. The horizontal movementl of the operating bars will move the wedges 43 beneath the wedges 44 and thus imparting the initial outward movement of the side walls about the pins l1. The horizontal movement of the operating bars will also create a rotatory motion, in a counter-clockwise direction, to the spaced levers 32 about the bearing rods 35 and consequently a vertical motion to the wheels 29 in respect to the carrier. 'Ihe Vertical movement of the wheels 29 will force the carrier I, together with the attached top wall In and spaced side walls I6, to move upwardly. If it is found that the form is not in alignment with the precast section of the culvert it may be shifted laterally by the manipulation of either of the ratchet jacks 4|.

When the top wall of the form has been positioned in alignment with the proposed line of construction the compression members or screw jacks 21 are rotated thereby forcing the side walls outwardly away from the carrier. This additional movement of the side walls will space the wedges 44 away from the wedges 43.

After the concrete has been poured and set suiiciently to become self sustaining a reversal of the above enumerated steps will place the form in collapsed position.

It will of course be understood by those skilled in the art that two of the present forms may be connected together and operated by the one set of ratchet jacksand further, that a number of changes may be made to the construction as disclosed by the accompanying drawings without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a concrete form, in combination, side walls, framing members comprising a portion of the side walls, a lagging plate secured to said framing members, and a liner member extending longitudinally of the side walls adjacent the lower portion thereof; said liner member being spaced inwardly of the lagging plate thereby allowing the lower edge of the lagging plate to spring inwardly when forced into contact with an invert so as to compensate for hydrostatic pressure due to the filling of the form which will tend to move the lagging plate inwardly of the invert.

2. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, top and side walls secured to the carrier, spaced levers pivotally connected to said carrier having wheels eccentrically journaled therebetween, and means slidably mounted on the carrier and connected to the spaced levers.

3. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, top and side walls secured to the carrier, wheels mounted on eccentric axles, and bars slidably associated with said carrier and pivotally associated with said axles for selectively raising and lowering the form.

4. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, top and side walls secured to the carrier, wheels mounted on eccentric axles secured to the carrier, and means slidably connected to the carrier and pivotally connected to said axles for expanding and collapsing the form.

5. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, top and side walls secured to the carrier, wheels mounted on eccentric axles secured to the carrier, and longitudinally extending bars slidably connected to the axles and carrier adapted to selectively expand and collapse the form.

6. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, top and side walls secured to the carrier, wheels mounted beneath the carrier, bars connected to the wheels adapted to raise and lower the form, wedges on said side walls, said bars having wedges adapted to engage the wedges on the side walls for providing a horizontal movement to the side walls.

7. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, top and side walls pivotally secured to the carrier adjacent the top portion thereof, wheels mounted beneath the carrier, means extending longitudinally of the carrier connected to the wheels and adapted to selectively expand and collapse the form; said means providing a horizontal movement to the side walls.

8. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, top and side walls secured to the carrier, spaced sill members extending longitudinally of the carrier axles extending between said sills, wheels mounted on said axles, levers pivotally connected to the sills and secured to the axles, and a bar extending longitudinally of the carrier connected to the levers; said bar adapted to impart a rotary motion to the levers thereby raising and lowering the form.

9. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, top and side Walls pivotally secured to the carrier, spaced sill members extending longitudinally of the carrier, axles extending between said sills and pivotally connected thereto, wheels rotatably mounted on said axles, spaced levers pivotally connected to the sills and secured to said axles, and a bar extending longitudinally of the carrier connected to the levers in a plane above the wheels; said bar being slidably mounted on the carrier and adapted to impart a rotary motion to the levers thereby raising and lowering the form.

10. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, top and side walls secured to the carrier, spaced sill members extending longitudinally of the carrier, wheels interposed between said sills, levers pivotally connected to the sills and connected to the wheels, and a bar extending longitudinally of the carrier slidably connected to said levers adjacent the upper portion thereof; said bar adapted to impart a rotary motion to the levers thereby raising and lowering the form.

l1. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier having spaced sill members and vertically disposed posts secured to said sill members, a top wall overlying and Vconnected to said posts, spaced side walls pivotally secured to said carrier adjacent the top portion of the posts, wheels journaled on eccentric axles between said sill members, and longitudinally extending bars connected to said axles for raising and lowering the A ing said form, and means connected to said axles for raising and lowering the form; wedges on said side walls adapted to be engaged by complementary wedges on `said means for imparting movement to said side walls transversely of said form. 1

13. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier having spaced sill members and vertically disposed posts secured to said sill members, a top wall secured to the carrier adjacent the top portions of the posts, spaced side walls pivotally secured to the carrier adjacent the horizontal extremities of the top wall, wheels journaled on eccentric axles interposed between said sills, levers secured to said axles interposed between the wheels and sills, and longitudinally extending bars pivotally connected to said levers.

14. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, a top wall secured to and overlying the carrier in spaced relation thereto, spaced side Walls pivotally securedto the carrier, and jacks secured to the carrier intermediate the height thereof adapted to engage the side walls` in abutting relation to retain said side walls in expanded position;` said side walls comprising a lagging plate and a liner spaced inwardly therefrom adjacent an edge portion thereof, thereby allowing the said lagging plate to be urged inwardly of the form toward said liner when forced into contact with an associated element so as to compensate for hydrostatic pressures due to the filling of the form.

15. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, side walls secured to said carrier, framing members comprising a portion of the side walls, a lagging plate secured to said framing members outwardly thereof, a liner secured to said framing members adjacent the lower portion thereof being spaced inwardly of said lagging plate to compensate for the hydrostatic forces exerted upon the side walls, and means extending outwardly of the carrier engaging the side walls for retaining the side walls in expanded position.

16. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, spaced side walls supported by said carrier,

, means on said carrier adapted to slidably engage said side walls to move said side Walls toward expanded position, and additional means on the carrier for moving said side walls away from said first-namedY means and retaining the side walls Iin fullyexpan'ded position; said vside walls comprising a lagging plate and a liner spaced inwardly therefrom adjacent an edge portion thereof, thereby allowing the said lagging plate to be forced inwardly of the form toward said liner when urged into contact with an associated element so as to compensate for hydrostatic pressures due to the lling of the form.

17. In a concrete form, in combination, a carrier, a top wall secured to and overlying the carrier in spaced relation thereto, trussed side walls pivotally secured to the carrier adjacent the top portion thereof, and means rigidly secured to the carrier adapted to engage the side walls inter-4 mediate the height thereof and in abutting relation thereto, said means acting as the sole means for retaining the said side walls in expanded position; said side Walls comprising a lagging plate and a liner spaced inwardly therefrom adjacent an edge portion thereof, thereby allowing the said lagging plate to be forced inwardly of the form toward said liner when urged into contact with an associated element so as to compensate for hydrostatic pressures due to the filling of the form.

18. In combination, a concrete form comprising a carrier, wheels mounted on eccentric: means secured to the carrier adjacent the lower portion thereof, and additional means slidably connected to said eccentric means and carrier for raising and lowering the form.

19. In a concrete form, in combination, a side wall having a lagging plate, a member associated with said side wall adjacent anv edge of said lagging plate, said member being spaced inwardly of Isaid lagging plate, thereby allowing the said edge of the lagging plate to be urged inwardly of the form toward said member when forced into intimate contact with an associated element so as to compensate for hydrostatic pressures due t the filling of the form which will tend to move the lagging plate inwardly of the element.

` WILLIAM A. GURTLER.