US2137988A - Adherent aluminum compound - Google Patents

Adherent aluminum compound Download PDF

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Publication number
US2137988A
US2137988A US106901A US10690136A US2137988A US 2137988 A US2137988 A US 2137988A US 106901 A US106901 A US 106901A US 10690136 A US10690136 A US 10690136A US 2137988 A US2137988 A US 2137988A
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Prior art keywords
aluminum
acid
adherent
film
aluminum compound
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US106901A
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Charles H Hempel
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Heresite and Chemical Co
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Heresite and Chemical Co
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Priority to US106901A priority Critical patent/US2137988A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
    • C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
    • C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
    • C23C22/56—Treatment of aluminium or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an adherent aluminum compound comprising an aluminum, or a predominantly aluminum alloy treated to make it highly adherent, particularly with respect to synthetic varnishes and enamels.
  • aluminum might be made adherent to rubber by an etching process, in which the material is subjected to hydrochloric acid until a dark powder is formed thereon, and then immediately vulcanizing rubber to the black-coated aluminum. It has. now been discovered that aluminum treated in a similar manner to produce a black film may be made adherent to varnishes by a further course of treatment.
  • the present invention is also applicable to aluminum alloys, whereas the previous process was effective only on pure aluminum.
  • Thepresent process is applicable not only to pure aluminum, but to aluminum alloys, such as aluminum-copper, aluminum-magnesium, aluminum-silicon-magnesium, and aluminum-silicon-copper.
  • the aluminum or alloy thereof is cleaned, for example with 3 to 5% caustic alkali solution (preferably caustic soda), at a temperature of 60 to 70 C.
  • caustic alkali solution preferably caustic soda
  • a cleaning operation of 2 to 10 minutes is generally satisfactory, the time depending upon the type of aluminum used.
  • the'material is rinsed clean, preferably in warm water, and is then dipped into an acid cleaning bath, for example a 10% nitric acid solution, after which it is again rinsed in cool water.
  • the chemically clean metal is then immersed in a bath of a halide acid, preferably hydrochloric acid, to produce a black or gray film thereon.
  • a halide acid preferably hydrochloric acid
  • Such film may be produced by the pse of a hydrochloric acid solution containing 15 to 30% by volume of a 36 technical acid.
  • the temperature of the acid should be not lower than 50 C. and not more than 80 C.
  • the acid is removed in water and the coated aluminum dipped in caustic alkali solution for a period sufficient to remove the black or gray film.
  • the metal is rinsed in warm water and then dipped in nitric acid solution with a concentration preferably from 5% up to concentration to whiten it, and the whitened material rinsed well with water.
  • the resulting aluminum or aluminum alloy has a remarkable adhesion to synthetic varnishes and enamels, for example, varnishes of the phenolic, urea, alkyd, vinyl and coumarone given for clearness of understanding only and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom,'but the appended claims should be construed as broadly as permissible in view of the prior art.
  • a metal of the class consisting of aluminum and predominantly aluminum alloys having a whitened surface thereon having the adhering characteristics of aluminum which has been cleaned in 3 to 5% caustic alkali solution at a temperature of .60 to 70 C. for a period of 2 to minutes, washed, dipped in a 10% nitric acid solution, washed, immersed in a to 30% by volume solution of 36 technical hydrochloric acid for 2 to 10 minutes at a temperature between 50 and 80 C.
  • halide acid is hydrochloric acid and it is employed at a temperature of approximately 50 C. to 80 C.
  • halide acid is hydrochloric acid and its concentration is approximately 15% to 30% by volume of 36 technical acid in water.

Description

Patented Nov. 22, 1938 ADHERENT ALUMINUM oomormn Charles H. Hempel, Manitowoc, Wis., mimito Hermite & Chemical Company No Drawing. Application October 21, 1936,
, Serial No. 106,901
6 Claims. (01. 148-6) This invention relates to an adherent aluminum compound comprising an aluminum, or a predominantly aluminum alloy treated to make it highly adherent, particularly with respect to synthetic varnishes and enamels.
It has heretofore been suggested that aluminum might be made adherent to rubber by an etching process, in which the material is subjected to hydrochloric acid until a dark powder is formed thereon, and then immediately vulcanizing rubber to the black-coated aluminum. It has. now been discovered that aluminum treated in a similar manner to produce a black film may be made adherent to varnishes by a further course of treatment. The present invention is also applicable to aluminum alloys, whereas the previous process was effective only on pure aluminum. Thepresent process is applicable not only to pure aluminum, but to aluminum alloys, such as aluminum-copper, aluminum-magnesium, aluminum-silicon-magnesium, and aluminum-silicon-copper.
In accordance with this invention, the aluminum or alloy thereof is cleaned, for example with 3 to 5% caustic alkali solution (preferably caustic soda), at a temperature of 60 to 70 C. A cleaning operation of 2 to 10 minutes is generally satisfactory, the time depending upon the type of aluminum used. After the cleansing operation, the'material is rinsed clean, preferably in warm water, and is then dipped into an acid cleaning bath, for example a 10% nitric acid solution, after which it is again rinsed in cool water.
The chemically clean metal is then immersed in a bath of a halide acid, preferably hydrochloric acid, to produce a black or gray film thereon. Such film may be produced by the pse of a hydrochloric acid solution containing 15 to 30% by volume of a 36 technical acid. The temperature of the acid should be not lower than 50 C. and not more than 80 C.
Normally an immersion period of 2 to 10 minutes is satisfactory to produce the film, this likewise depending upon the type of aluminum used.
Following the production of the film, the acid is removed in water and the coated aluminum dipped in caustic alkali solution for a period sufficient to remove the black or gray film. Afterwards, the metal is rinsed in warm water and then dipped in nitric acid solution with a concentration preferably from 5% up to concentration to whiten it, and the whitened material rinsed well with water.
The resulting aluminum or aluminum alloy has a remarkable adhesion to synthetic varnishes and enamels, for example, varnishes of the phenolic, urea, alkyd, vinyl and coumarone given for clearness of understanding only and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom,'but the appended claims should be construed as broadly as permissible in view of the prior art.
I claim:
1. A metal of the class consisting of aluminum and predominantly aluminum alloys having a whitened surface thereon having the adhering characteristics of aluminum which has been cleaned in 3 to 5% caustic alkali solution at a temperature of .60 to 70 C. for a period of 2 to minutes, washed, dipped in a 10% nitric acid solution, washed, immersed in a to 30% by volume solution of 36 technical hydrochloric acid for 2 to 10 minutes at a temperature between 50 and 80 C. to produce a, darkfilm, washed, immersed in caustic alkali solution to remove the film, washed in warm water and whitened by a dip in nitric acid solution having to a nitric acid bath to produce a whitened surface.
3. The method as set forth in claim 2 in which the halide acid is hydrochloric acid and it is employed at a temperature of approximately 50 C. to 80 C.
4. The method as set forth in claim 2 in which the halide acid is hydrochloric acid and its concentration is approximately 15% to 30% by volume of 36 technical acid in water.
5. The method as set forth in claim'2 in which the nitric acid has a concentration above 5% in water.
6. A metal of the class consisting of aluminum and predominantly aluminum alloys having a whitened surface thereon, having the adherent characteristics of aluminum which has been cleaned, the cleaned surface subjected to a halide acid to produce a dark film thereon, the film removed with caustic alkali solution and the surface thereafter whitened by subjection to a. nitric acid bath. 1
' CHARLES H. HEMPEL.
US106901A 1936-10-21 1936-10-21 Adherent aluminum compound Expired - Lifetime US2137988A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2464596A (en) * 1945-02-15 1949-03-15 Aluminum Co Of America Chemical method of coating aluminum
US2476413A (en) * 1943-06-02 1949-07-19 Gen Motors Corp Method of regraining aluminum plates
US2541901A (en) * 1944-10-26 1951-02-13 Metalwash Machinery Co Pickling of aluminum
US2541083A (en) * 1945-08-25 1951-02-13 Sperry Corp Electroplating on aluminum
US2552285A (en) * 1944-04-04 1951-05-08 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Manufacture of composite material containing one or more aluminum components
US2705500A (en) * 1953-11-04 1955-04-05 Leon L Deer Cleaning aluminum
US2811471A (en) * 1954-05-10 1957-10-29 Connecticut Hard Rubber Co Polytrifluorochloroethylene-coated aluminum
US2819192A (en) * 1955-12-23 1958-01-07 Du Pont Modification of aluminum surfaces
US2858245A (en) * 1956-08-16 1958-10-28 Amchem Prod Process for enameling aluminum
US3256085A (en) * 1961-09-29 1966-06-14 United States Steel Corp Method of coating aluminum and adding same to molten steel
DE1297952B (en) * 1964-09-25 1969-06-19 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for chromating zinc or aluminum surfaces
US4504324A (en) * 1983-11-07 1985-03-12 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Surface treatment of aluminum materials
WO1997003227A1 (en) * 1995-07-13 1997-01-30 Kalinic Praha Spol. S.R.O. Surface treatment of products made of aluminium and aluminium alloys
US6183570B1 (en) * 1998-04-16 2001-02-06 Nihon Parkerizing Co., Ltd. Surface treatment process of metallic material and metallic material obtained thereby

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2476413A (en) * 1943-06-02 1949-07-19 Gen Motors Corp Method of regraining aluminum plates
US2552285A (en) * 1944-04-04 1951-05-08 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Manufacture of composite material containing one or more aluminum components
US2541901A (en) * 1944-10-26 1951-02-13 Metalwash Machinery Co Pickling of aluminum
US2464596A (en) * 1945-02-15 1949-03-15 Aluminum Co Of America Chemical method of coating aluminum
US2541083A (en) * 1945-08-25 1951-02-13 Sperry Corp Electroplating on aluminum
US2705500A (en) * 1953-11-04 1955-04-05 Leon L Deer Cleaning aluminum
US2811471A (en) * 1954-05-10 1957-10-29 Connecticut Hard Rubber Co Polytrifluorochloroethylene-coated aluminum
US2819192A (en) * 1955-12-23 1958-01-07 Du Pont Modification of aluminum surfaces
US2858245A (en) * 1956-08-16 1958-10-28 Amchem Prod Process for enameling aluminum
US3256085A (en) * 1961-09-29 1966-06-14 United States Steel Corp Method of coating aluminum and adding same to molten steel
DE1297952B (en) * 1964-09-25 1969-06-19 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for chromating zinc or aluminum surfaces
DE1297952C2 (en) * 1964-09-25 1973-05-24 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for chromating zinc or aluminum surfaces
US4504324A (en) * 1983-11-07 1985-03-12 Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. Surface treatment of aluminum materials
WO1997003227A1 (en) * 1995-07-13 1997-01-30 Kalinic Praha Spol. S.R.O. Surface treatment of products made of aluminium and aluminium alloys
US6183570B1 (en) * 1998-04-16 2001-02-06 Nihon Parkerizing Co., Ltd. Surface treatment process of metallic material and metallic material obtained thereby

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