US2136773A - Bookbinding machine - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 15, 1938. A N, HANNA 2,136,773 I BOOKBINDING MACHINE Filed March 4, 1937 INVENTOR .3; ATTORNEY.

. Patented Nov. 15, 1938 PATENT OFFICE BOOKBIND ING MACHINE Atto'N. Hanna, Newark, N. J., assignor to Para]: lex Corporation, Newark, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application March 4, 19-37,.Serial .No.,128,921

12 Claims.

The invention relates to book binding machines, and more particularly to a machine for inserting a spirally wound wire through theopenings of the leaves of a book as a binding means for such leaves.

.In binding collated leaves by means of a spirally wound wire, the threading of the wire through the series of openings in the leaves has been, prior to my invention, an operation which is sufiiciently slow to materially increase the cost of binding the books by this method. Books bound in this manner are ordinarily ofa low priced type, such binding being commonly used in the production of blank :books, :catalogs, scrap books, etc. While bindings of this type have proved to be, highly satisfactory in commercial use, the cost of same is unnecessarily high because of a limited output, due to Ethe time required to thread the binder wire through the openings in the leaves.

The main object of my present invention is to provide a machine which, in its operation, will engage and rotate the spirally wound wire at highyspeed without "likelihood of mutilating any of the leaves of 'a book or deforming the wire in a :manner to interfere with its free turning while being threaded through the openings in said axis.

. leaves.

In :a machine embodying the invention, a roller having a soft friction suriaceyis rotated at high speed, this rollerbeing of a length to progressively engage succeeding portions of a spiral of "the necessary length toform the binding. This roller is rotated by a belt drive mechanism, which is sufficiently flexible to permit, notwithstanding a continued operation of the source :of power operative upon the roller, the automatic slowing down or stoppage of the roller in the-event of .a failure of the machine to operate :perfectly during the threading operation.

By providing arollerhaving a soft surface, the gripping area betweenthis surface and the wire may be extended throughout a substantial portion ofthe diameter of the wire, thus ensuring the development of suflicient .friction to minimize or possibly eliminate likelihood of slippage between *the wire and the roller, and a resultant continuity -in the rotation :of the coil about its Furthermore, -by using a yieldable surface, the crushing strains upon the convolutions of the spirally wound wire are limitedto the-measureof compressibility of thesurface of the roller.

A roller having asubstantiallyeontinuoussurface, both circumferentially sand longitudinally, readily adapts itself to the changing relation .be-

tween this surface and the coil of the wire as the coil is advanced in relation to the book. The friction area between thisroller and the wire will progressively increase as succeeding convolutions of the wire come within the operative range of the roller. This will .have the effect of neutralizing the increased frictional resistance to the turning of the wire by the engagement of succeeding convolutions thereof with the walls of succeeding openings in the leaves of the book. ,Furthermore, a yieldable surface upon the roller will permit an automatic longitudinal adjustment of said surface in relation to the various convolutions of a wire and cause a displacement of the wire in a manner to ensurea continued rotation thereof in the event of the engagement of the end of the wire with a portion of the leaves about an opening rtherethrough. If, for any reason, the end of the wire should not clear the walls of an opening, the flexible driving member operative upon the roller will yield, thus interrupting the turning of the roller or reducing its speed in a manner to vary the speed of the longitudinal feed of the wire, or even to arrest this feed until theendof the wire is disengaged from. the :leaves, or until a book may be removed from the machine .in an incomplete condition to prevent the mutilation of the wire.

Embodied in the machine is a .mechanism engageable with the collated leaves at a point to prevent vertical displacement of any portion of these leaves excepting adjacent the series of openings along one edge thereof, this mechanism preferably being adjustable in relation to the table of the machine and the friction roller so as to permit the machine to be used with books varying in thickness, either because of the difference in the weight of rpaper used ina book, or a varyingnumber of leaves.

This mechanism embraces a presser bar engageable with the collated leaves of a book, and actuating means for thispresser bar preferably controlled by a foot treadle and. acted upon by a spring to'ensure a sufiiciently firm eng'agementof the presser bar with the book.

The invention consists primarily in a book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves-of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge thereof, and a spirally -,wound wire engaged with some of the openings at one end of said leaves, a single combined guide and winding roller .havinga substantially continuous surface circumferentially and longitudinally thereof spaced aboveandfrom one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, and means for rotating said roller about a fixed axis, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller; and in such other novel features of construction and combination of parts as are hereinafter set forth and described, and more particularly pointed. out

in the claims hereto appended. Referring to the drawing,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a portion of a machine, I

leaves of a book and the contiguous portion of the feed shelf and a book thereon, of Fig. 1 upon a slightly enlarged scale;

Fig. 4 is a detail exploded view of one of the mounts for the presser bar mechanism; and

Fig.5 is a detail view of a fragmentary portion of one end of a book showing the threading of some of the convolutions of the spirally wound wire in theopenings at one end of the collated leaves, prior to the feeding of the book to the machine.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views. I

In a machine embodying the invention as shown in the accompanying drawing, the main frame In of the machine has, toward the front thereof, a shelf II adapted to receive the collated leaves of a bookwhen applying the binder wire thereto.

These leaves, shown atI2 in the drawing, have a V series of alined openings passing through all of the leaves, shown at I3, through which a spiral wire shown at I4 is passed when binding the book by means of the machine. In the drawing, these openings I3 are in the form ofjslots of alength adapted to receive two succeeding convolutions or coils of the wire, this form of slot being particularlyeffective in the production of a' book iniwhich a portion of each-convolution or coil of the wire I4, substantially 180 in arc, is

' brought into a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spirally wound wire.

While the machine is particularly adapted to the threading of a wire coil through leaves having these elongated or substantially elliptical openings, it may be effectively used in the binding of books in which the openings are of a size to permit the passage of only one coil or convolution of the wire without causing the distortion of the wire in the manner above referred to.

The frame III of the machine is provided with two standards I5 each supporting'a bearing head I6 adjacent opposite sides ofthe machine, each of these heads having a ball hearing I! for a rotatable shaft I8 of aroller I9, actuation of which imparts turning movement to the coil I4 during the operation of applying this wire to the leaves I2. The bearings I1 are so located as to position said roller from the adjacent edge of the shelf II a distance sufficient to ensure engagement of the surface of the roller with the coiled wire only, and to locate the horizontal diameter of the roller above the shelf sufficiently to ensure the engagement of the lower diameter of the surface of the roller, above the horizontal diameter of the wire of the coil. Only a single roller I9 is used, this roller having the two-fold function of a guide to insure a proper locating and engagement of the'coiled wire I4 in relation thereto as a book is fed on the shelf, and of winding the coil through the successive openings in the leaves of the book.

The roller I9 is provided with a friction surface 20, preferably composed of soft vulcanized rubber and of a thickness to permit the depression of the parts of this surface engaging the coils of the binder wire. I have had very satisfactory results with a jacket for the roller I9 composed of tubular sponge rubber, but I do not desire to limit the invention to the use of this particular material. The best results have been secured with a surfacing or jacket 20 of soft yieldable friction material having a substantially continuous surface, both circumferentially and longitudinally of the roller, although pitting of the surface of the rubber, as with sponge rubber, does not impair the efficiency of the operation of the roller in winding a coil through the openings I3.

With such highly compressible or flexible friction material, as succeeding portions of the circumference of the roller engage the wire of the coil, the material will be depressed during the time of such engagement only, but the depres sion will embrace a substantial portion, possibly 120 in arc, of the circumference of the wire, thus securing a large area of contact and the development of a frictional drag upon the wire suflicient to ensure a substantially continuous turning of the coil about its own axis in a manner to cause the end thereof to be progressively passed through succeeding openings I3 in the series of openings through the leaves. The use of this soft material also has the effect of slightly compressing the coils. axially thereof with a reverse trend, adjacent the end of the wire, in the event that this end should strike against the walls of an opening, thus securing for a very small fraction of a second, a slight feedback action in the event of the stoppage of the coil and relative movement of the roller in relation to the wire during this slight interval. If this feedback, however, should not disengage the end of the wire from the leaves, the stoppage of the roller will result by reason of a construction which is to be hereinafter referred to.

The roller I9, in the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawing, is rotated clockwise so as to impart a downward thrust upon the portion of the coils of the wire with which it engages. The length of this roller and of the shelf II is such as to adaptv the machine to any width of leaves. 1

The portion of the coils of the binder wire between the leaves I2 and the shelf' II raises the leaves I2 slightly, and, as succeeding portions of the coils advance along the leaves, succeeding portions of the leaves are thus raised as the wire progresses in its course through the openings I3.

To prevent excessive vertical displacement of the leaves due to the above action, I provide a presser bar 2| having a flattened surface engaging the leaves along the entire length thereof adjacent all of the opening I3. This presser bar is carried by arms 22 adjustably attached to crank arms 23 upon a rock shaft 24, the opposite ends of which are mounted in the standards I5. The shaft 24 carries an actuating crank arm 25 which is connected by means of a link 26 with a foot treadle 21 acted upon by a spring 28.

The presser bar 2Iis engaged with the leaves I2 by the action of the spring 28'upon the rock shaft 24 through the treadle 21, the link 26 and the crank arm 25.

The standards [5 are provided with vertical dovetailed guides as shown more particularly in Fig. 4, in which the heads l6 and the bearings l1 arevertically adjustable. These heads permit vertical adjustment of the roller is to adapt the machine for use with books of different thicknesses, the angular relation of the arms 22 to the cranks 23 and the bolts 29 permitting the setting of the presser bar 2| to adapt it to books of different thicknesses.

The adjustment of the bearing blocks is by means of a lead screw 30 having a recessed por'- tion 3| engaging the forked plate 32, said lead screw co-operating with screw threads in an opening 33 in said bearing blocks. A butterfly head or other means 34 is provided to facilitate the turning of said lead screw.

While the adjustment in the height of the roller in relation to the shelf II is primarily to adapt the machine for use in binding books of different thicknesses, the lead screws 30 may be used to regulate the pressure exerted by the cover or jacket 2|] against the coils of the spring.

The roller [9 is turned at high speed by means of a pulley 35 carried by its shaft It, this pulley being geared to the driving pulley 36 of an electric motor 31 by a flexible or elastic belt 38. The use of this elastic belt permits the vertical adjustment of the roller I9, and at the same time will permit the stoppage of said roller without interrupting the actuation of the motor 31, the purpose of which will appear hereinafter.

The operation of a machine embodying the invention is substantially as follows:

In binding books by means of the machine made in accordance with the invention, a spirally wound binder wire [4 has one end thereof insorted. by hand for two or three turns through openings l3 in the leaves I2, as indicated in Fig. 5. Collated leaves with the spiral wire partially threaded in this manner are stacked upon the shelf ll. Such collated leaves are removed by the operator from the stack, and after being placed upon said shelf, are pressed toward the roller I9 until the coil I4 engages the soft jacket 20 of said roller, the treadle 21 being depressed so as to raise the presser bar 2| to an extent to permit the book to be passed thereunder. The

roller l9 acts as a guide in properly locating the collated leaves to ensure a proper subsequent winding of the coil through the openings therethrough. Substantially simultaneously with the engagement of the coil with the jacket 20, the treadle is released, thus permitting the presser bar 2| to descend and hold the collated leaves I2 against upward movement except between the bar and the edge of the shelf.

As the coil I4 is pressed against the jacket 20 of the roller [9, this jacket yields under the pressure of the feeding movement, the portions thereof engaging the few convolutions of the wire threaded through the leaves forming an oblique depression in said jacket, as to each portion thereof contacting with a coil. The yieldability or compressibility of this surface 20 ensures a gripping contact of the roller and the coil extending throughout possibly 120 of the diameter of the wire.

The roller l9, while threading a coil through the openings in the collated leaves, is rotated, about a fixed axis, continuously at high speed. In the machine shown in the drawing, this speed is approximately 1600 revolutions per minute, so that the turning movement imparted to the coil will be in excess of this speed, since the roller t9 is of greater diameter than the coil itself. The speeds mentioned, however, are not critical, and some slippage may occur between the surface 20 and the wire of the coil.

Those portions of the collated leaves through whichthe coiled wire is passed by hand are raised slightly, by the lowermost portions of the coils, from the shelf I I, as are the portions of the leaves in the direction of movement of the wire, adjacent the portion through which the coil is hand fed. This raising of the leaves is to an extent to permit the end of the coil to pass freely be tween the lowermost leaf and the shelf during the turning movement imparted thereto by the roller [9. This raising of the collated leaves by the wire progresses throughout the entire length of each book as the wire advances through the succeeding openings Hi.

' Assuming that thepitch of the coils of the spiral binder wire is eight to the inch, and that an eight inch book is being bound, the run of the wire will be at the rate of two hundred inches or more per minute, thus permitting twenty-five eight inch books to be bound per minute. The speed of rotation of the coil in excess of 1600 revolutions per minute, and the hand threading of some of the coils through the openings 13 permits this speed of production to be maintained and allows time for the feeding of the collated leaves.

With shorter books, the theoretical speed of production would be greater, although in actual practice, the time required for hand feeding of the books places a limitation upon the output-of the machine.

The above figures are largely theoretical, actual practice having demonstrated that as many as fifteen thousand books can be bound during an eight hour working day. Of course, this speed requires highly skilled operators and does not include the hand threading of the leaves. As a matter of practice, it requires three hand opera tors to keep two machine operators busy.

With a high speed of operation of the machine, there is a tendency, because of the spiral trend of the binder wire and the flexibility of this wire, for the end of the wire to strike or rub against the walls of the openings l3, but if this should occur, there is a tendency of the flexible surface 20 of the roller l9 to have slight movement along the wire, which will impart a reflex movement to the various coils and relieve the contact between the end of the wire and the paper. Immediately that this occurs, the threading action will be resumed.

In the completed product, the succeeding convolutions of the spiral wire have a snug flt with the walls of the openings [3.

By locating the axis of the roller l9 above the axis of the wire, as shown more particularly in Fig. 3 of the drawing, and by turning the roller l9 clockwise, there is always a downward pressure upon the wire as to the portion thereof engaged by the surface 20 and nolifting of the leaves except that resulting from the engagement of the lower diameter of the coil with the shelf II which, because the diameter of the coils of the wire is always greater than the height of the collated leaves, will afford the necessary clearance beneath the edge of the leaves for the passage of the wire. This raising of the leaves is not great, but is sufficient to permit a smooth running of the wire throughout the entire length of the book. The lifting action is progressive with the advancement of the wire. if

The presser bar 2| limits the extent of this lifting action and restricts it to a portion of the leaves adjacent the openings I3. It also prevents any separation of the leaves which might interfere with the run of the coil.

By raising or lowering the heads [6 by means of the lead screw 30, the machine may not only be adjusted for use with books of different thicknesses, but a proper engaging relation between the surface 2|] of the roller I9 and the coil may be determined. With thicker books, coils of larger diameter are required and upward adjustment of the roller I9 is necessary. With thinner books, the reverse is true. No adjustment other than that of the roller I9 is required, since this roller itself serves as a stop to accurately position the coil of each book in relation thereto.

When the roller H! has been set for use with a desired thickness of collated leaves, its axis remains fixed in relation to the feed shelf, both during the feeding of the collated leaves in relation thereto and while threading the coil through the openings in such leaves. This permits accurate, rapid feeding of the collated leaves and contributes materially toward a high output of the machine.

The engagement of the roller with the coil below the horizontal diameter of the roller ensures that compressibility of the surface 20 necessary to secure the required frictional engagement between the surface 20 and the wire of the coil. Hence the operator need apply but little pressure to the leaves in feeding them to said roller.

By using the flexible belt 38, and in actual practice this belt is in the form of an ordinary rubber band, the rotary movement of the roller [9 will vary according to the resistance encountered in running the wire through the openings l3. This resistance varies at different stages in the threading of the wire by reason of the frictional engagement between the coils of the wire and the walls of the openings I3, and the number of coils engaging such openings. Furthermore, if the end of the wire should engage the walls of the openings, the speed of the roller will be momentarily checked while the feedback action above referred to occurs. The elastic belt yields when the speed of the roller I9 is checked from any cause, thus permitting the continuous operation of the motor with a varying speed of rotation of the roller. The time intervals amount to small fractions of a second, since even with an eight inch book the complete operation requires approximately only two seconds.

With books of different thickness using wires of different diameters and leaves having the openings l3 therethrough spaced at varying distances from the edge of the book, the presser bar 2| may be adjusted toward or from the openings and the edge of the book, by releasing the lock nuts 29 and allowing the presser bar to adjust itself to the surface of the books by raising the bar until it occupies the proper position in relation to the openings. In the form of the invention shown, the treadle spring 28 is relied upon to develop the desired holding action of the presser bar, although other means may be used for this purpose.

It is not my intention to limit the invention to the precise details of construction shown in the accompanying drawing, it being apparent that such may be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to have protected by Letters Patent, is:-'

1. A book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge thereof, and a spirally wound wire engaged with some of the openings at one end of said leaves, a single combined guide and winding roller having a substantially continuous surface circumferentially and longitudinally thereof spaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, and means for rotating said roller about a fixed axis, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller.

2. A book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge thereof, and a spirally wound wire engaged with some of the openings at one end of said leaves, a single combined guide and winding roller having a substantially con tinuous surface circumferentially and longitudinally thereof spaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, a source of power, and gearing for rotating said roller about a fixed axis from said source of power including an elastic drive belt, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller, and the speed of said roller may vary or be interrupted without interrupting the operation of said source of power.

3. A book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge thereof, and a spirally wound wire engaged with some of the openings at one end of said leaves, a roller having a substantially continuous surface circumferentially and longitudinally thereof spaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, means for rotating said roller, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller, a presser bar movable toward and from said shelf and engageable with collated leaves adjacent the openings therethrough, whereby lifting of said leaves except adjacent said coil is prevented, and means for actuating said presser bar during the feeding of leaves in relation to said roller.

4. A book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge thereof, and a spirally wound wire engaged with some of the openings at one end of said leaves, a roller having a substantially continuous surface circumferentially and longitudinally thereof spaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, a source of power, gearing connecting said source of power with said roller including an elastic drive belt, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller, and the speed of said roller may vary or be interrupted without interrupting the opera tion of said source of power, a presser bar movable toward and from said shelf and engageable with collated leaves adjacent the openings therethrough, whereby lifting of said leaves except ad- ,jacentsaid coil is prevented, and means for actuating said presser bar during thefeeding of leaves in relation to said roller.

5. A book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge thereof, and a spirally wound wire engaged with some of the openings at one end of said leaves, a single com bined guide and winding roller having a substantially continuous jacket of soft yieldable rubber circumferentially and longitudinally thereof spaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about theirhorizo-ntal diameter, and means for r rotating said roller about a fixed axis, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller.

guide and winding roller having a substantially continuous jacket of soft yieldable rubber circumferentially and longitudinally thereofspaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, a source of power, and gearing for rotating said roller about a fixed axis from said source of power including an elastic drive belt, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller, and the speed of said roller may vary or be interrupted without interrupting the operation of said source of power.

7. A book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge thereof, and a spirally wound wire engaged with some of the openings at one end of said leaves, a single combined guide and winding roller having a substantially continuous surface circumferentially and longitudinally thereof spaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, means whereby said roller may be vertically adjusted toward and from said shelf to permit the use of the machine with books of different thicknesses and coils of different diameters, and means for rotating said roller about a fixed axis, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller.

8. A book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge thereof, and a spirally wound wire engaged with some of the openings at one end of said leaves, a roller having a substantially continuous surface circumferentially and longitudinally thereof spaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, means whereby said roller may be vertically adjusted toward and from said shelf to permit the use of the machine with books of different thicknesses and coils of different diameters, means for rotating said roller, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller, a presser bar movable toward and from said shelf and engageable with collated leaves adjacent the openings therethrough, whereby lifting of said leaves except adjacent said coil is prevented, means whereby said presser bar may be adjusted toward and from the openings in said leaves according to the thickness of the collated leaves being bound, and means for actuating said presser bar during the feeding of leaves in relation to said roller.

9. A book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge'thereof, and a spirally wound wire engaged with some of the openings at one end of said leaves, bearing heads adjacent opposite sides of the machine, standards in which said bearing heads arevertically movable, a lead screw carried by each standard and operative upon each bearing head, whereby said head may be vertically adjusted, a single combined guide and winding roller having a substantially continuous surface circumferentially and longitudinally thereof rotatably mounted in said bearing heads and spaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, and means for rotating said roller about a fixed axis, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller.

10. A book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge thereof, and a spirally wound wire engaged with some of the open ings at one end of said leaves, bearing heads adjacent opposite sides of the machine, standards in which said bearing heads are vertically movable, a lead screw carried by each standard and operative upon each bearing head, whereby said head may be vertically adjusted, a roller having a substantially continuous surface circumferentially and longitudinally thereof rotatably mounted in said bearing heads and spaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, means for rotating said roller, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller, a rock shaft mounted in said stand ards, crank arms carried thereby, arms adjustable in relation to said crank arms, a presser bar carried by said arms, means whereby said presser bar carrying arms may have rotary adjustment about their point of connection with said crank arms, so that said presser bar may be adjusted toward and from openings in the collated leaves to prevent lifting of said leaves except adjacent said coil, a crank arm carried by said rock shaft, a foot treadle, a link connecting said treadle with said last named crank arm, and a spring operative upon said treadle to impart rocking movement to said rock shaft.

11. A book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge thereof, and a spirally wound wire engaged with some of the openings at one end of said leaves, bearing heads adjacent opposite sides of the machine, standards in which said bearing heads are vertically movable, a lead screw carried by each standard and operative upon each bearing head, whereby said head may be vertically adjusted, a roller having a substantially continuous jacket of soft yieldable rubber circumferentially and longitudinally thereof rotatably mounted, in said bearing heads and spaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, means for rotatting said roller, whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller, a rock shaft mounted in said standards, crank arms carried thereby, arms adjustable in relation to said crank arms, a presser bar carried by said arms, means whereby said presser bar carrying arms may have rotary adjustment about their point of connection with said crank arms, so that said presser bar may be adjusted toward and from openings in the collated leaves to prevent lifting of said leaves except adjacent saidcoil, a crank arm carried by said rock shaft, a foot treadle, a link connecting said treadle with said lastnamed crank arm, and a spring operative upon said treadle to impart rocking movement to said rock shaft.

12. A book binding machine embodying therein a shelf adapted to receive the collated leaves of a book, said leaves having a sequence of spaced openings adjacent one edge thereof, and a spirally wound wire engaged withsome of the openings at one end of said leaves, bearing heads adjacent opposite sides of the machine, standards in which said bearing heads are vertically movable, a lead screw carried by each standard and operative upon each bearing head, whereby said head may be vertically adjusted, a roller having a substantially continuous jacket of soft yieldable rubber circumferentially and longitudinally thereof rotatably mounted in said bearing heads and spaced above and from one edge of said shelf in clutching relation with the coils of said wire about their horizontal diameter, a source of power, gearing connecting said source of power -with said roller including an elastic drive belt,

whereby said wire will be rotated with said roller and succeeding portions thereof will be progressively brought within the influence of said roller, and the speed of said roller may vary or be interrupted without interrupting the operation of said source of power, a rock shaft mounted in said standards, crank arms carried thereby, arms adjustable in relation to said crank arms, a presser bar carried by said arms, means whereby said presser bar carrying arms may have rotary adjustment about their point of connection with said crank arms, so that said presser bar may be adjusted toward and from openings in the col- A'I'I'O N. HANNA.

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