US2133707A - Burner for incandescent light - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 18, 1938. H. LAHDE BURNER FOR INCANDESGENT LIGHT Filed March 6, 1936 Patented Oct. 18, 1938 UNITED STATES BURNER FOR INCANDESCENT LIGHT Hermann Lahde, Berlin, Germany, assignor to Ehrich & Graetz, Aktiengesellschaft, Berlin, Germany, a corporation cf Germany Application March 6,

4 Claims.

The present invention relates to burners for incandescent light and has particular reference to kerosene round wick blue ilame burners for heating .mantles to incandescence.

In a blue flame burner used for incandescent light purposes, it is necessary to 'increase the velocityoi the air `flowing through the burner so that it may penetrate the ordinary yellow flame burning on top of Athe wick and change it into a blue flame. When this has been done, a small blue flame will burn directly on 'top of the wick. In order to increase the size of this blue flame and thereby increase the amount of heat given off, it has Vbeen customary in the past to provide a llame ilange of some kind below the top of the wick and usually placed upon the outer wick tube so that the air rising through the burner will be deflected outwardly away from the outer surface of the wick extending above the wick tubes. Without some such flange, all ame on the side of the wick will be blown out-` With the use of such a ilange the flame may creep down the outside surface of the wick, increasing the size of the blue flame and aiding in the production of vapors from the wick.

As this horizontal ilange has heretofore been in contact with the wick above the wick tube, it receives -the heat from the flame and the incandescent mantle above and passes it on to the wick, causing increased vaporization of the kerosene and creating an unstable condition in the burner This increased vaporization will increase the flame over and above its operating height causing the burner to smoke and sooting up the mantle where yellow tips of the blue ame may touch the same. This ange also receives gummy and tar-like deposits from this vapor.

It is, therefore, necessary to cool the burner parts adjacent the wick and this has been done in the past by attempting to cool the horizontal flame ilange by taking the flame flange away from the outer wick tube and placing it in close contact with the wick above the wick tube. Others have suggested perforating the ilange with a series of holes, attempting to cool the flange by passing air upwardly therethrough. Even if an ordinary ilange is sufliciently cooled, hot vapors touching it will condense making a wet and messy burner. None of these types of burners has been wholly successful.

The principal object of my invention is to provide a blue flame burner that is inexpensive and simple to manufacture.

Another object of my invention is to provide a blue flame burner that is stable throughout a long period of operation.

A further object of my invention is to provide a burner, the outer wick tube of which is relatively cool compared to the Vaporzation point of kero sene.

1936, Serial No. 67,469

A still vfurther object of my invention is to provide a burner whose metal parts touching the wick are relatively cool so -that there will be no added vaporization caused by that contact.

Another object of my invention is to maintain the outer 'wick tube in a cool and dry state.

Still other and further objects ci my invention will be pointed out or indicated hereinafter or will be apparent to one skilled in the art upon understanding of the invention or Iits employment in practice.

For aiding in the disclosure of the invention, I show 'in the `accompanying drawing, forming a part of Ithis specication, certain arrangements of parts by reference to which the improved burner is described. This description and drawing are presented for purposes of illustration onlyand are not 'to be construed so as 'to limit the scope of the appended claims unnecessarily.

In the drawing:

The ligure is a view through the burner structure partly in section, omitting the chimney and mantle, which may be of 'the usual type, and showing 1a small portion of the usual supporting kerosene front.

In a preferred embodiment of my invention I use the customary inner and outer wick tubes I6 and I I, respectively, which support and guide a round wick I2 between them. The inner wick tube I'Il is supported from the base of the lamp. The outer wick tube II is mounted upon the burner 'assembly which includes the usual burner basket I3, the gallery I 4 with its chimney-supporting fingers I5, and the burner cone It which is bent inwardly at its top to direct the upwardly flowing air into the flame.

As previously mentioned, without some intervening structure to divert the air away from the outer surface of the wick only a small blue flame will burn on top of the wick. Instead of using the customary flame flange upon the cuter wick tube I prefer 'to support my air-diverting flange free from both the wick tube and the wick so that it may have no metal contact between any portion of either of these two members. At the same time, the inner portion of this air diverter must be suiflciently close to the wick that the air flowing upwardly between the diverter and the Wick will not be sullicient to disturb the ame burning upon the outer surface oi the wick. For this purpose I have found that a horizontal space of about .035 of an inch or less will give satisfactory results. The space should be 'suiciently large, however, to permit a small quantity of air to exist between the air-diverting flange and the wick or wick tube for insulating purposes.

To accomplish this result I prefer to support the air-diverting ange I8 by means of spaced legs 2li mounted upon the burner basket or other parts of the burner structure other than the outer wick tube. These supporting legs 20 are preferably bent upwardly and inwardly converging slightly as they approach a height slightly above the upper end of the outer wick tube where the inwardly turned flange I8 is formed. For the most efficient operation of this burner the inner end of the air diverter I8 should be spaced slightly above the upper end of the outer wick tube II'.'

This diverter member may be imperforate as heat given to it is not conducted to the Wick tubes or wick, but is carried away to other parts of the burner or by the cool air rising through the legs ZIJ.

By forming the air diverter in this way it may be made very simple and inexpensively by stamping a metal sheet into the desired form, providing a one-piece diverter and requiring no excess material or complicated machining operations.

As tests have shown, the effect of this simple air diverter, positioned as described and shown, is equal to or better than those of the previously known llame flanges in so far as the prevention of over-evaporation is' concerned. Altogether, it is more simply designed and easier to manufacture than any of these.

At the upper end of the inner wick tube an improved type of flame spreader is shown. This llame spreader 2| consists of a one-piece substantially cylindrical structure closed and imperforate at its upper end. The lower portion of the flame spreader is likewise imperforate and fits within the inner wick tube where it is supported by a bead 22 upon the wall of the inner wick tube I0. That portion of the flame spreader extending above the inner wick tube is perforated with a plurality of small openings 25 so that air flowing upwardly within the inner wick tube may be distributed evenly from the flame spreader through these holes to the flame. That portion of the flame spreader immediately adjacent the upper end of the inner wick tube I0 is bent inwardly to form a perforated bead 23 preventing any possible contact between the ame spreader and the vapors leaving the inner exposed surface of the wick I2 above the inner wick tube I0. The many perforations through this flame spreader keep it comparatively cool even though it is adjacent the flame burning on the wick.

These perforations also help to break up the pathV of heat conductivity through the flame spreader to the inner wick tube. Consequently, vapors given off upon the inside surface of the wick I2 might condense upon the llame spreader causing a wet condition unless this beaded portion 23 were formed so that the air rising through the inner wick tube I0 may prevent contact between these vapors and the flame spreader.

In earlier types of burners where attempts have been made to use the ordinary flame flange and to cool the same, these flame flanges, if cooled suili-' ciently, likewise condense kerosene vapors that come in contact with them, forming a wet and messy burner. In the present structure the air diverter I8 is always of a sufficient heat during operation to prevent condensation of vapors upon it, and the small air gap between the air diverter IB and the outer wick tube prevents vapors from coming into contact with the outer wick tube I I. As a result of this formation the inner and outer wick tubes of this burner are not only cool but entirely dry during the operation of the burner.

By means of this simple structure there are only two air currents flowing between the burner cone and the outer wick tube. The major air current flows into the burner through the perforations 24 in the basket I3 and then flows upwardly between the spaced supporting legs 20 and around the air diverter I8 and between it and the burner cone I6 to the flame. A very small quantity of air flows inside the diverter I8 and between it, the outer wick tube II and the outer surface of the wick I2 above the wick tube. It has been found that with the use of only these two air currents the burner gives satisfactory operation and a complete cool and dry condition is effected.

Various modifications of the embodiment of my invention, as described herein, are possible without departing from the scope of the invention; for instance, the air diverter may be supported or suspended from the burner cone or other parts of the burner and formed in various ways. All such changes and modifications are intended to be included in the appended claims.

I claim:

l. In a burner of the type described, having a wick, inner and outer wick tubes for guiding said wick, and a burner cone, means for maintaining said outer wick tube in a cool and dry state, including a substantially horizontal, imperforate flame flange member supported above and free from contact with said outer wick tube, said member being spaced slightly from the outer surface of said wick.

2. In a burner of the type described, having a wick, inner and outer wick tubes for guiding said wick, and a burner cone, means for maintaining said outer wick tube in a cool and dry condition, including a substantially horizontal, imperforate flame ilange member supported above said outer Wick tube and between it and said burner cone, said member being substantially spaced from said burner cone and slightly spaced from said wick above said wick tube.

3. In a burner of the type described, having a wick, inner and outer wick tubes for guiding said wick, and a burner cone, means for maintaining said outer wick tube in a cool and dry condition, including a burner basket, supporting means mounted on said basket and extending upwardly to aheight proximate the upper end of said outer wick tube, an imperforate inwardly bent flame flange member formed integrally with said means at their upper end, said member terminating adjacent but spaced from said wick and above said outer wick tube.

4. In a burner of the type described, having a wick, inner and outer wick tubes for guiding said wick, a burner cone and a flame flange for preventing a flame on the outer side of said wick from being blown ofi, means for maintaining the outer wick tube in a cool and dry condition including said flame flange being formed into an imperforate annular horizontal flange, the inner edge of said flange being positioned above said wick tube and spaced slightly away from said wick to receive heat from a flame burning on said wick, and supporting means extending from the outer edge of said flange to a part of the burner other than said wick tubes for transporting heat received by said ange directly away from said wick tubes.

HERMANN LAHDE.

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