US1900998A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

March 14, 1933.

A. w. RICHARDSON BURNER Filed Aug. 1,. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l March 14, 1933. A w RICHARDSQN 1,0@,998-

BURNER Filed Aug. 1, 1928 2 Sheets Sheet 2 "pm 0 6 l v A s, a

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Patented Ma. 14, 1933 UNITED STATES PA NT- "OFFICE ARTHUR WHITIAKER nrcimnnsoiv, or SHELL HAVEN, THAT/Ins HAVEN, NGLAND,

nssrcnon T0.SHELL-MEX, LIMITED, or LONDON, ENGLAND, A conrnny' or GREAT BRITAIN p Brianna Application filed August 1, 1928, Serial No. 296,762, and in Great Britain August 2, 1927.

In heating lamps commonly in use and having a w-ick or equivalent device to which oil fuel is supplied, the surface of the wick becomes incrusted with comparatively hard carbon to such an extent as to clog the wick. and impair the efficiency of the lamp and prevent proper combustion;

The main object of the present invention is to provide alamp which willburn for long periods without attention, and in which the wick or equivalent device, shall not become incrusted with carbon. 1

According to a further feature of the invention, a burner for an illuminating lamp comprises in combination an annular wick,

two concentric tubes, the inner of which forms an air supply passage, and the outer of which is formed of a poor conductor of heat, such as glass, and projects above the wick. Preferably the outer tube is outwardly flared at its upper end. Preferably also the inner tube is formed of heat conducting material, such as steel.

In the accompanying drawings which'illustrate the invention, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation, Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of a modification and Figure 3 a sectional elevation of a'further modification.

Referring more particularly to Figure 1,

1 is the body of a lamp having a central tube or liner 2, the space betweenthe body 1 and the liner 2 forming an annular chamher 3 for liquid hydrocarbon which is supplied thereto through a tube 4 communicating with any suitable form of reservoir 5. 6 is an inner tube which can slide freely in the liner 2 and is provided at its lower end with a sleeve nut 7 which screws into the bottom of'the body 1. The bottom end of the tube 6 is closed by a cup-shaped sleeve 8 having holes 9 adapted to move into and out of register with similar holes formed in the inner tube 6. The necessary relative movement between the sleeve 8 and tube 6 is permitted by a pin 10, secured on the tube 6 which moves in aslot 11 formed in the sleeve 8. 12 is an outer tube formed of glass,

carried by a sleeve nut 13 which screws into the body 1. Located between the outer tube 12 and the liner 2 is a wick-14 which'can be raised or lowered by a handle 15having the usual toothed wheel or the like 15 in engagement therewith. 16 shows a flue leading to a refrigerating apparatus (not H shown). '17 is a sleeve which fits into the lower end of the flue 16 and is provided with a flared lower end. The body 1 is provided with a bracket 18 by which the lamp can be secured in position; It will be seen that in the lamp shown in Figure 1, the following adju'stments'ca'n be made v The amount ofair admitted to the inner partofthe top of the wicklet can befregulated by opening or closing the holes 9,

while the height of the tube 6 can head justed by rotating the sleeve nut 7. 1 The gap between the lower end of the sleeve 17 and the top of the tube 12'can be regulated by rotation of. the sleeve nut 13,thereby ad- 'justing the amount of air admittedjto the outer side of the top of the wick 1a, while the handle '15 enables the wick M to be raised or lowered. a 1 p r, In operation, inorder to light the lamp, the Wickis turned up and the fuel oil on the upper surface of the wick is ignited. As the upper inner periphery of the sleeve becomes heated, the wick is turned down and a heated zone is created on the upper inner periphery of the outer tube. The central air current passing up the inner tube (Send the outer air current passing between the upper end of the outer tube 12, and the flared end of the sleeve 17 andconverging across the wick,"" form with the vaporized fuel a combustible mixture a short distance away from the wick, so that the wick is not charred by the flame. p 7

The control of the supply of air to the outer sideof the wick may, if desired, be effected by providing a chimney coaxial with the tubes and having a sleeve formed with holes adapted to be moved more or less-into register with holes formed in the wall of the chimney. l

A heating lamp having the dimensions given below, has been found suitable for use with a flue 25 mm. in diameter, employed for J between the central tube and the outer tube, the top of the wick being from, 1 to 3 mm.

below the top of the outer tube A suitable size for the central tube is 13 mm. diameter and may bemade, smaller, but should not, as a rule, be less than 8 mm. in diameter. The

outer tubeis made of a materialwhichis a poor conductor of heat, such as glass or porcelain, and may conveniently be,.say, 1 mm. thick. I a

It may be pointed out that if the parts be dimensioned within the limits enumerated above, they are suitable for most grades of oil commonly used for illuminating lamps. In cases where a supply of oil of a definite standard can be relied on, it is not necessary to provide meansfor adjustment when once their correct position has been found. In general, however, it is desirable to make the parts adjustable, since slight variations in the quantity of the oil may necessitate adjustment. I

v In the modification shown in Figure 2, the

body. 19 of thelamp has a fixed central tube 20, the annularspacebetween the body 19 and the tubeQO forming the-reservoir for the liquid hydro-carbon, while the tube 20 serves to admit air to the wick 1 1. The flow in Figure ,1, i. e. a sleeve 8 having holes 9 adapted to be moved into and out of register with holes formed the tube '20, and the 1 necessary movement being permitted by the pin 10, secured to the tube 20 and extending into a slot 11 in the sleeve 8. The outer -tube12' is formed of glass and is outwardly flared. 22 is a spreader of known form, and

comprises a perforated cap-like member supported by a shoulder 20 on the tube 20.

The burners shown in Figures 1 and 2, while being very satisfactory as regards affording a suitable source of heat for considerable periods without attention, as a rule emit a noise similar'to that emitted by the well known Primus lamp or a brazing lamp employing liquid hydrocarbon as its fuel In some cases, thenoise is notobjectionable, but can be obviated by modifying the lamp, as shown in Figure 3.

' In this modification, the inner tube 6" is in eifect, formed in two portions 6a and 6b. The portion 6a is fixed while the portion 6?) is arranged to extend a considerable beyond the wick 14",the extended portion being provided with perforations 23 to allow the passage of air therethrough. The portion 66 of the inner tube 6 is fast with a central rod 30, which passes through the fixed portion 6a and is screwthreaded at its lower end, to which end is secured an operating finger knob 31. The screwthreaded portion is in engagement with a nut 32 wherebywhen the knob 31 is rotated, the rod 30 and with it the portion 61), is moved axially. If desired, the upper end of the tube 6 may be provided with a plate 24: having a number of performations 25, the central oneof which is oflarger diameter than the remainder. 'In this modification also, an open ended metal frusto-conical member 27 having perforations 28 is provided and whichrests upon a flange or ridge 29 formed on the outer tube 1.2., the upper end of the cone normally being approxri mately level with the top of the inner tube. In such a modified burner, which has been found to give good results, the inner tube is'about in diameter, and projects a considerablej distance, for example about 1%,42

above the wick,"the inner tube being provided with a number of perforations to allow the passage of air therethrough.

The outer tube (when the burner is in operation) projects from to %;abovet ,the'wick, and the lower end of the cone is 1" in diameter and the flange or ridge on the outer peripheryof the, outer tube is located,

say, A above the top of the container; the

upper end of the cone is about 1% infil diameter, the cone being of such length that its upper end is approximately level with the top of the inner tube.

hen it is desired to burn gas, oil or other liquid hydrocarbon having a high flash point, the inner tube 6 may be formed of metal, preferablya non-scaling metal alloy,

in order that the transference of heat from the upper end of the inner tube towards its lower end may assist in the vaporization of\ the liquid hydrocarbon, the outer tube being, as before, formed of a material which is a poor conductor of heat, such as porcelain or glass.

In operation, in order to enable the burnerto be lighted, the wick is raised and the portion 66 of theinner tube 6" lowered.

.as a stove, and is, moreover, capable of vAs the projecting perforated portion of the burning for considerable periods without attention, owing to the fact that in opera tion the wick is some distance below the top of the inner and outer tube, in which position the top of the wick is comparative ly cool; as a result a comparatively long period elapses before the wick becomes charred to any serious extent. A slightincrustation is slowly formed on the top of the outer tube, but this does not materially affect the supply of oil for combustion and can, moreover, be readily removed,,if desired. i

What I claim is 1. In a device of the class described, a container for combustible liquid having a combined draft and wick tube with means for admitting air to the lower portion of said tube for passage upwardly there through, a wick surrounding and contacting the said tube, and an outer tube formed of a material that is an extremely poor conductor of heat, surrounding and contacting the said wick whereby the wick can be located below the top of the tube when the lamp is alight.

2. In a device of the class described, a container for combustible liquid having a combined draft and wick tube with means for admitting air to the lower portion of said tube for passage upwardly therethrough, a wick surrounding and contacting the said tube, an outer tube formed of a material that is an extremely poor conductor of heat, surrounding and contacting the said wick whereby the wick can be located below the top of the tube when the lamp is alight, a perforated tube slidably mounted within the interior of the combined draft and wick tube to receive air therethrough and pro jecting above the wick to form a continua tion of the combined draft and wick tube, and a perforated member surrounding and supported in spaced relation to the third mentioned tube to form a combustion chamber above the wick and between the perforated member and third mentioned tube.

3. In a device of the class described, a container for combustible liquid having hollow draft means for the passage of air upwardly therethrough, a wick surrounding and contacting the said means, an outer hollow means formed of a material that is an extremely poor conductor of heat surrounding and contacting the said wick whereby the wick can be located below the top of the outer tube when the lamp is alight.

4. In a device of the class described, a combined draft and wick tube having means for admitting air for passage upwardly ductorof heat, whereby the wick can be located below the top of the outer tube when the lamp is alight.

5. In a device of the class described, a container for combustible liquid having a combined draft and wick tube open at the lower portion for admission and passage of air upwardlytherethrough, a wick surrounding and contacting the said tube, an

outer tube formed of a material which is an extremely poor conductor of heat surrounding and contacting the said wick whereby the wick can belocated below the top of the tube when the lamp is alight, a perforatedtube to receiveair through the combined draft and wick tube projecting above the latter to form a continuation thereof, means for movingthe third mentioned tube axially with respect tothe combined draft a I and wick tube, and a perforated member surrounding and supportedin spaced relation to the third mentioned tube to form a combustion chamber above the wick and between thg perforated member and third mentioned tu e.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name this 18th day of July, 1928.

ARTHUR WHITTAKER RICHARDSON.

therethrough, a wick surrounding and contacting the said tube for coaction with a supply of fuel, and an outer tube surrounding and contacting the said wick formed of a material that is an extremely poor con-

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