US2131743A - Venturi siphon - Google Patents

Description

M. LOUGHRIDGE' VENTURI S IPHON Filed Dec.. 3, 1984 mm 4, was.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 H I; l m a? m ATTORNEY.

@m, 4, 11938. M H, LOUGHRHDGE 2,131,743

VENTLIRI S IPHON Filed Dec. 5, 1934 V 2 Sheets-Sheet? INV NTOR. W v

ATTORNEY.

Patented Oct. 4, 1938 PATENT-OFFICE VENTURI SIPHON atthew H. Loughridge, Bogota, N. J. pplication December 3, 1934, Serial No. 755,841

28 Claims- This invention relates to a Venturi siphon and is a combination of the siphon and Venturi which admits of a variety of applications and has a number of important uses. The invention com prises applying a Venturi to an ordinary siphon to start the siphon. means that the siphon is started by an air blast instead of by suction and its operation is readily controlled. In the aspirated siphom-a tube is applied near the lower in end of the siphon through which the air is .ex-

hausted by suction after the discharge orifice is closed. If the suction is obtained by'the. mouth there is danger of the liquid passing into. the mouth and if the liquid itself is dangerous a special stopper must be provided for the discharge orifice when starting the siphon. In the present invention the siphon is started by blowing instead of by suction so that the liquid cannot be diverted into improper channels, and the discharge follows 20 the air blast. The venturimay be applied at the discharge end of the siphon and by its action, it removes or reduces the air in the siphon until the liquid establishes the siphon which continues un- V pose of starting the siphon in any predetermined.

manner. After the siphon is started it may be 35 arranged by its operation to discontinue the start.-

ing fluid pressure.

The siphon may be interrupted by admitting air to the siphon pipe above the level of the liquid in the delivery tank. By suitably controlling this 40 orifice by a valve the system'may be arranged for automatic operation in the transference of liquids. One method of controlling the siphon is by a float valve, another is by the time of operation and another is by the temperature of the fluid in the delivery or receiving tank.

The Venturi siphon maybe used in a laboratory for ordinary siphon purposes, it may be used in h m s o i pens liquids. such as mi k 50 with t pouring, it may be used on farms f r var ety of pur s a d it ma e used in in dustries where liquids are to be transferred from ,a higher to a low r v l. The siph n i self ha no moving parts, it is easily installed and re.- 55 placed and is less exp nsive tha the usua plumbing fixtures that are used to accomplish the same results.

The term siphon is somewhat loosely used in the mechanical arts to apply to system for raising liquidsby pressure. In this specification, it refers to the siphon action of transferring liq.- uids from a higher to a lower level. The term Venturi is used herein in a generic sense, having reference to a nozzle in which the flow of a fluid causes a sub-normal pressure in a connecting pipe.

1 The invention will be more particularly understood from the following specification and the accompanying drawings showing the Venturi siphon and a variety of applications thereof, in 1.5

which: 1

Fig. 1 is a general application of the Venturi siphon with a float cont-r01 valve; Fig. 2 is a crosssection of the Venturi at the discharge end of the siphon, and Fig. 3 is a cross-section of one form of control orifice of the siphon.

Fig. lis another form of the siphon self con trolled through a time interval, and Fig. 5 is an application of the siphon controlled by the temperature of the liquid flowing in the siphon. 1

In the drawings, l l is the delivery tank which is placed ata higher level than the receiving tank l6, and with which it is connected by the siphon tube M, which is bent at I3 and has the receiving end l2 dipping into the tank H. The lower end of'the siphon is connected with the Venturi I5 which has the discharge orifice 2i.

The Venturi may be constructedas shown in 2 with the siphon I4 connected at its throat 38 so that an air blast applied at the upper end 5 20 exhausts the air in siphon M sufficiently to start the siphon, which oncestarted, continues until interrupted. The air blast may be supplied through pipe [9 from the pump ll operated by the handle H3. The force-necessary to start the 40 siphon depends upon the extent of the lift necessary'to bring the liquid over the bend of the siphon. Where this distance is short a single operation of the pump will start the siphon, but as the lift increases more pumping is necessary.

The siphon may be interrupted or broken by admitting air to thesiphon tube above the level of the liquid in the delivery tank. An orifice for the purpose is provided in the tube at 35 and a rubber hose 33 may be connected with this orifice 5,0 and controlled by the valve 32 to. determine the M operation of the siphon. In Fig. 1 the device is applied to filling the water bottle IB from reservoir II. This bottle has a narrow neck to which the metal cover 22 is clamped. This cover sups5 ports the venturi l5 and the tube 23 through which the plunger 24 of the float 25 extends. The collar 28 limits the downward movement of plunger 24. This plunger moves in a guide 21 secured to the frame 26 and as it is raised by the liquid in I6, its upper end engages the lever 29, which is pivoted at 30 to 26 and carries the valve 32 at its lower end which is normally held in engagement with the rubber tube 33, located in socket 34, by the flat spring 3|. As soon as valve 32 is slightly opened, the air rushes in to the siphon tube at 35 which results in breaking th siphon.

It has been found in practice that if the orifice of tube 33 is below the discharge end of the siphon, there is a tendency for the liquid to flow through this tube in which case the siphon is not interrupted until the liquid in tube I4 is sufficiently drawn to provide an air space in this tube. This condition is largely avoided by making the orifice of valve 32 above the discharge end of the siphon. As the siphon operates it draws the air out of tube 33 so that there is a partial vacuum in this tube which is easily destroyed when valve 32 opens. To facilitate drawing the air out of tube 33, the connection to the siphon M is preferably through a venturi at 36, which may be constructed as indicated in Fig. 3 with the throat at 3'! connecting with 35. It will be noted that the siphon is started and stopped pneumatically and comparatively little effort is needed to open valve 32 and stop the siphon.

The Venturi nozzle in Fig. 3 is of the usual construction witha narrow neck surrounded by an annular space which connects with the air hose 33. The narrow neck causes an increase in velocity of the liquid flow through the siphon tube at this point. This increase in velocity draws the air from tube 33 and creates a partial vacuum therein. This vacuum is easily destroyed by a slight opening of the control valve 32, which admits atmospheric pressure to the annular chamber surrounding the nozzle at 36 and immediately interrupts the siphon. It is desirable to make the air hose 33 as small as possible so that it can easily be exhausted with the siphon tube when starting the siphon, but the prompt interruption of the siphon by a small air line requires a Venturi nozzle at the siphon trap. In the measuring of the flow of liquids to which this invention is applied, prompt interruption of the siphon is necessary.

The Venturi siphon in Fig. 4 regulates itself for operation during a predetermined time interval, or during a predetermined flow of the liquid. This comprises the stand 10 supporting the pump I! and the receiving container I6 and also the upstanding member I I, having the cleats for clamping the venturi I5 at 72. The operation of the siphon tends to draw air into the venturi at the upper end 20 and this effect is used to control the siphon. The housing 13 with the diaphragm T4 is mounted on top of the venturi and the valve 32 is attached to the diaphragm 14 which is subject to atmospheric air pressure on the top through the aperture 15. The air tube 19 from pump I'l connects to chamber 16 below the diaphragm and connects to the venturi. Air pressure from pump l1 holds valve 32 closed while it starts the venturi. When the siphon is operating, it draws the air from chamber 16 and pipe l9 and when 16 is sufiiciently exhausted the air pressure above diaphragm 74 opens valve 32 and stops the siphon. The time necessary to accomplish this depends upon the size of chamber 16, the resistance of the diaphragm l4 and the rate of flow of the liquid through the venturi. The valve 13 is mounted on the upper end, or air intake end of the nozzle. The valve 32 is unseated only when the siphon is to be stopped and makes one operation for each operation of the siphon.

The venturi in Fig. 5 starts and stops according to predetermined temperatures of the liquid in tank I6. When the temperature of the liquid reaches a predetermined value the thermostatic bulb 19, through connection 80, operates a switch 8|, controlling the circuit of the electro-pneumatic valve 82 through wires 84 and battery 83. This connects the fluid pressure of tank 85, through pipe 86 to pipe Hi to start the venturi 15. This transfers a colder liquid from tank II to tank l6 and when the temperature is reduced to a predetermined extent, the thermostatic bulb 18, through connection 11, reduces the pressure in chamber 16 and opens valve 32 to stop the siphon.

Thermostatic bulbs of the type shown at 18 and 19 are well known in the refrigeratin art. The arrangement illustrated shows the tank II transferring a colder liquid to tank It to cool this tank. If the operation is to be reversed so that the liquid transferred to IE heats this tank to a predetermined extent, then the .position of valve 32 is reversed so that it will open pipe 33 when the pressure in 16 is increased to an extent corresponding with the controlling temperature.

With certain types of Venturi nozzles it has been found that the most satisfactory operation is obtained by a relative large volume at moderate pressure for the air blast. The higher the lift at the receiving end of the siphon, the greater the energy necessary to start the siphon.

The venturi may be constructed in a variety of forms for the purpose of this invention and different liquids may be transferred thereby. Any theory of operation expressed herein may be subject to modification in the light of later knowledge.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A siphon with a venturi, means for starting the siphon by the venturi and means operated by the flow of liquid through the venturi from the siphon for controlling the siphon.

2. A siphon with a venturi, means for starting the siphon by the venturi and means controlled by a partial vacuum established by the flow of liquid through the venturi for stopping the siphon.

3. A siphon with a venturi, means for starting the siphon by said venturi, electrical means controlling said starting means and means for automatically bringing the electrical means into operation.

4. A siphon with a venturi, means for starting the siphon by said venturi and means controlled by temperature for controlling said siphon.

5. In a siphon system, a delivery tank, a receiving tank, a siphon connecting said tanks, means for starting said siphon and means responsive to the temperature of the liquid in one of said tanks controlling the operation, of said siphon.

6. In a siphon system, a delivery tank, a receiving tank, a siphon connecting said tanks, and means controlled by the temperature of the liquid flowing through said siphon for starting and for stopping said siphon.

7. In a siphon system, a siphon tube having a delivery nozzle and a controlling nozzle, an air valve connected with said controlling nozzle for 75 stopping the siphon and means operated by air pressure for opening said air valve.

, 8. In a siphon system,a siphon tube having a delivery nozzle and a controlling nozzle, an air valve connected with said controlling nozzle for stopping the siphon and a diaphragm operatively connected with said delivery nozzle for operating said valve.

9. An article of manufacture comprising a nozzle having an air passage therethrough and having a side connection to said passage for the flow of a liquid, the liquid being deflected to- Wards one end of the nozzle and a diaphragm connected with the opposite end of the nozzle to be operated by theflow of liquid through the nozzle.

10. In a siphon system, a siphon tube having a delivery nozzle with a diaphragm connected with one end of said nozzle to be afiected' by the flow of liquid through said nozzle and means controlling the operation of said siphon operatively connected with said diaphragm.

11. In a siphon system, a siphon tube having a controlling nozzle, an air valve connected with said controlling nozzle, a chamber having a. diaphragm controlling said air valve and means associated with fluid pressure connected with said chamber.

12. In a siphon system, a siphon tube having a controlling nozzle, an air valve connected with said controlling nozzle and a thermostat controlling said air valve.

13. A siphon system comprising a siphon tube, a Venturi nozzle at the discharge end of said tube, a controlling nozzle in said siphon, a valve for said controlling nozzle, 2. float having a stem for operating said valve, a receiving tank, said float being located in said receiving tank, and a combined support for said Venturi nozzle, valve and stem detachably secured to said receiving tank.

14. A siphon system comprising a siphon tube, a discharge tank and a receiving tank connected by said tube, a controlling nozzle in said siphon,

an air valve for said controlling nozzle, a float for operating said valve and a frame secured to said receiving tank for supporting said valve and float in operative relation to each other and independently of said nozzle.

15. The combination, a liquid delivery tank, a receiver tank, a siphon with a venturi for starting the siphon, connecting said tanks, a second venturi on said siphon, an air valve mounted on said receiver tank and operated by the liquid level in said receiver tank and an air hose connecting said valve with said second venturi to control the operation of the siphon.

16. The combination, a siphon with a venturi for starting the siphon and having a vent orifice above the liquid level of the delivery tank in which the siphon is placed, said orifice connecting to a nozzle with an annular air space in the siphon, a valve, an air hose connecting said valve with said vent orifice and means for operating said valve to control the operation of said siphon.

17. The combination, a bottle with a narrow neck, a cover member arranged to clasp on said neck, a filling tube secured to said member for filling the bottle, a controlling device mounted on said member for controlling the flow of liquid through said filling tube and means extending from said cover member into said bottle for operating said controlling device by the level of the liquid in said bottle.

18. In a siphon system, a siphon tube having a delivery nozzle and a controlling nozzle, a diaphragm operatively connected with said delivery nozzle and operating said controlling nozzle, an air chamber enclosed by said diaphragm; and means for exhausting air from said chamber by the flow of liquid through said delivery nozzle.

19. In a siphon system, a siphon tube having a delivery nozzle and a controlling nozzle, a diaphragm operatively connected with said delivery nozzle and operating said controlling nozzle, and means for operating said diaphragm after a time interval by the flow of liquid through said delivery nozzle.

20. In a siphon system, a siphon tube having a delivery nozzle and a controlling nozzle having a valve, a diaphragm operatively connected with said delivery nozzle and controlling said valve and means for applying air pressure below said diaphragm to start the siphon and to hold the valve closed.

21. In a siphon system, a siphon tube having a Venturi nozzle for starting the siphon, an air supply connected with said nozzle, a valve controlling said air supply and a pressure bulb for operating said valve.

22. In a siphon system, a siphon tube, a nozzle for admitting air to said tube for stopping the siphon, a valve controlling said nozzle and a pressure bulb for operating said valve.

23. In a siphon-system, a siphon tube, a Venturi nozzle for controlling said siphon, a source of pressure fluid supply for operating said nozzle and an electric circuit controlling said pressure fluid supply.

24. In a siphon system, a siphon tube, a Venturi nozzle for controlling said siphon, a source of pressure fluid supply for operating the nozzle, a valve controlling said pressure fluid supply, a circuit controlling said valve and means responsive to temperature change controlling said circuit.

25. In a siphon system, a siphon tube, a Venturi nozzle for controlling said siphon, a diaphragm controlling said nozzle and a pressure bulb for controlling said diaphragm.

26. In a siphon system, a siphon tube, a Venturi nozzle for controlling said siphon, a diaphragm controlling said nozzle and a pressure bulb operated by temperature change controlling said diaphragm.

27. A- siphon system comprising a siphon tube, a discharge tank and a receiving tank connected by said tube, a controlling nozzle in said siphon, a valve controlling said nozzle and a device in the receiving tank responsive to the characteristic of the liquid in the receiving tank controlling the operation of said valve.

28. An article of manufacture comprising a siphon with a nozzle having an air passage there- .through and having a side connection to said passage for the flow of a liquid, the liquid being deflected towards the lower end of the nozzle, a valve connected to the upper end of the nozzle, said valve being operated by the passage of fluid through said nozzle and controlling the passage of fluid through said nozzle.

MATTHEW H. LOUGHRIDGE.

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