US213015A - Improvement in processes for galvanizing and tinning iron - Google Patents
Improvement in processes for galvanizing and tinning iron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US213015A US213015A US213015DA US213015A US 213015 A US213015 A US 213015A US 213015D A US213015D A US 213015DA US 213015 A US213015 A US 213015A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- iron
- zinc
- tin
- coating
- copper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 76
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 26
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 title description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 36
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 34
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 28
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 zinc-iron Chemical compound 0.000 description 10
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 102100002378 RTTN Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101700029166 RTTN Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910000754 Wrought iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
Definitions
- the object of our invention is to deposit; on iron objects a permanent and uniform coating of zinc or tin at much less expense as regards the consumption of time and material than by the process usually practiced, and to improve the quality of the product, and these objects we attain in the following manner:
- the usual process is to first subject the objects of cast or of what is known as dross in the zinc or tin bath, this dross representing a loss of about thirty-three and one-third per cent. of the zinc or tin.
- This dross is due to the formation of a zinc-iron or tin-iron alloy in the bath by the intimate contact of the iron with the zinc or tin, and the formation of this alloy is promoted by the spongy condition to which the surface of the iron has been reduced by the acid treatment-a condition which has the twofold disadvantage of promoting the zinc-iron or tiniron alloy and of rendering the adhesion of a proper coating of zinc or tin tedious, and, in many cases, imperfect.
- the surface of the metal is reduced to the best condition for the next branch of the process, which is that of coating it with a very thin film of copper.
- This we find, may be best accomplished by dipping the cleansed articles of iron in a solution of chloride of copper, although other salts of copper may be used. Very little time is required for this duty, as the copper is instantly deposited by simple dipping and immediate withdrawal of the articles from the salt solution.
- the coating of copper adheres to the iron thus mechanically cleansed much more tenaciously and uniformly than to iron the surface of which has been rendered spongy by the acid treatment, in which case a longer time is required for the coating of copper, and the latter does not adhere with the desired tenacity.
- the copper-coated iron objects After the copper-coated iron objects have been properly dried, they are at once immersed in the bath of zinc or tin.
- the coating of copper prevents the surface of the iron from being brought in contact with the metal in the bath, the formation of the zinc-iron or tin-iron alloy, which is the main cause of the dross, and the consequent loss of a large percentage of the metal, in the old process, is obviated, and the zinc or tin has such an affinity for the copper that it is deposited much more rapidly and uniformly on the same than on the pickled and spongy surface of the iron, the time consumed in obtaining a proper coating of Zinc, for instance, being one-tenth of that required in practicing the usual process, and the coating being much more uniform and free from spots and other defects than that imparted in the usual manner.
- iron objects may be coated by immersion in baths of alloys of which zinc or tin, or both, form a part.
Description
W. H. WAHL 82; E. Y ELTO NHEAD. Process for Galvanizing 211111 Tinning Iron.
No. 213,015 Paten'i e d Mar. 4,1879.
"warms, mowumoammex. 1 115111 6 0 Q UNITED snares PATENT WILLIAM H. WAHL AND EDWARD Y. ELTONHEAD, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS or ONE-THIRD THEIR nronr TO CALEB HI HORNE, OF SAME PLACE.
IMPROVEMENT lN PROCESSES FOR GALVANIZING AND TINNING IRON.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 213,015, dated March 4, 1879 application filed November 18, 1878.
T0 (ZZZ whom it may concern:
Be it known that we, WILLIABI H. WAHL and EDWARD Y. ELTONHEAD, both of Phila delphia, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Process of Ga1- vanizing or Tinning Iron. of which the followin g is a specification:
The object of our invention is to deposit; on iron objects a permanent and uniform coating of zinc or tin at much less expense as regards the consumption of time and material than by the process usually practiced, and to improve the quality of the product, and these objects we attain in the following manner:
In coating iron with zinc or tin, the usual process is to first subject the objects of cast or of what is known as dross in the zinc or tin bath, this dross representing a loss of about thirty-three and one-third per cent. of the zinc or tin. This dross is due to the formation of a zinc-iron or tin-iron alloy in the bath by the intimate contact of the iron with the zinc or tin, and the formation of this alloy is promoted by the spongy condition to which the surface of the iron has been reduced by the acid treatment-a condition which has the twofold disadvantage of promoting the zinc-iron or tiniron alloy and of rendering the adhesion of a proper coating of zinc or tin tedious, and, in many cases, imperfect.
In carrying out our invention weentirely discard the acid treatment above referred to, and adopt any process of mechanical cleansing, which may be effected in different ways. Many castings or even wrought-iron articles, may, for instance, be cleansed by the tumbling process-that is, by placing them in a hollow vessel with sand or pebbles and rotatin g the vessel. Other articles may be scoured with sand and stiff brushes; others, again, by simple grinding.
By this operation the surface of the metal is reduced to the best condition for the next branch of the process, which is that of coating it with a very thin film of copper. This, we find, may be best accomplished by dipping the cleansed articles of iron in a solution of chloride of copper, although other salts of copper may be used. Very little time is required for this duty, as the copper is instantly deposited by simple dipping and immediate withdrawal of the articles from the salt solution.
It may be remarked here that the coating of copper adheres to the iron thus mechanically cleansed much more tenaciously and uniformly than to iron the surface of which has been rendered spongy by the acid treatment, in which case a longer time is required for the coating of copper, and the latter does not adhere with the desired tenacity.
After the copper-coated iron objects have been properly dried, they are at once immersed in the bath of zinc or tin. As the coating of copper prevents the surface of the iron from being brought in contact with the metal in the bath, the formation of the zinc-iron or tin-iron alloy, which is the main cause of the dross, and the consequent loss of a large percentage of the metal, in the old process, is obviated, and the zinc or tin has such an affinity for the copper that it is deposited much more rapidly and uniformly on the same than on the pickled and spongy surface of the iron, the time consumed in obtaining a proper coating of Zinc, for instance, being one-tenth of that required in practicing the usual process, and the coating being much more uniform and free from spots and other defects than that imparted in the usual manner.
It will be seen that the process is a simple one, demanding less labor in carrying it into effect than the old process; that a permanent and uniform coating is obtained, partly by the preliminary mechanical cleansing, which insures the intimate adhesion of a thin film of copper to the surface of the iron, and partly by the superior affinity of the zinc or tin for FFIGE.
the same, and, finally, that there is economy in the consumption of zinc or tin due partly to the non-formation of dross by the protection of the iron-surface from direct contact with the molten tin or zinc, and partly to the decided lesseningof the time of immersion, due to the superior affinity of the copper coating for the zinc or tin.
It should be understood that although we have referred to the coating of iron objects with zinc or tin, they may be coated by immersion in baths of alloys of which zinc or tin, or both, form a part.
WVe do not desire to claim the within-described branches of the process separately considered; but
We claim as our invention The mode herein described of coating iron objects with zinc or tin; or with an alloy containing zinc or tin, or boththat is to say, first, mechanically cleansing the surface of the iron second, depositing thereon a thin coating of copper; and, third, subjecting the copper-coated iron object to a bath of molten tin, zinc, or alloy, alias set forth.
In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
WILLIAM H. WAHL. EDWARD Y. ELTONHEAD.
Witnesses ALEX. PATTERSON, HARRY SMITH.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US213015A true US213015A (en) | 1879-03-04 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US213015D Expired - Lifetime US213015A (en) | Improvement in processes for galvanizing and tinning iron |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US213015A (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2456235A (en) * | 1942-12-05 | 1948-12-14 | Western Electric Co | Method of lead coating ferrous articles |
US3129111A (en) * | 1962-05-03 | 1964-04-14 | Werner F R Loening | Process for tin coating copper plated magnesium |
US4285995A (en) * | 1980-03-10 | 1981-08-25 | Inland Steel Company | Process for increasing alloying rate of galvanized coating on steel |
US4390377A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-06-28 | Hogg James W | Novel continuous, high speed method of galvanizing and annealing a continuously travelling low carbon ferrous wire |
US4585529A (en) * | 1981-12-02 | 1986-04-29 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd | Method for producing a metal lithographic plate |
US20090142538A1 (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2009-06-04 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Corrosion resistant precoated laminated steel |
US20110162788A1 (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-07-07 | Productive Research Llc | Formable light weight composites |
US20110188927A1 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-08-04 | Productive Research LLC. | Processes for welding composite materials and articles therefrom |
US20110200816A1 (en) * | 2010-02-15 | 2011-08-18 | Productive Research Llc | Formable light weight composite material systems and methods |
US9005768B2 (en) | 2011-02-21 | 2015-04-14 | Productive Research | Composite materials including regions differing in properties and methods |
US9233526B2 (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2016-01-12 | Productive Research Llc | Composites having improved interlayer adhesion and methods thereof |
US11338552B2 (en) | 2019-02-15 | 2022-05-24 | Productive Research Llc | Composite materials, vehicle applications and methods thereof |
-
0
- US US213015D patent/US213015A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2456235A (en) * | 1942-12-05 | 1948-12-14 | Western Electric Co | Method of lead coating ferrous articles |
US3129111A (en) * | 1962-05-03 | 1964-04-14 | Werner F R Loening | Process for tin coating copper plated magnesium |
US4285995A (en) * | 1980-03-10 | 1981-08-25 | Inland Steel Company | Process for increasing alloying rate of galvanized coating on steel |
US4390377A (en) * | 1981-01-12 | 1983-06-28 | Hogg James W | Novel continuous, high speed method of galvanizing and annealing a continuously travelling low carbon ferrous wire |
US4585529A (en) * | 1981-12-02 | 1986-04-29 | Toyo Kohan Co., Ltd | Method for producing a metal lithographic plate |
US20090142538A1 (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2009-06-04 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Corrosion resistant precoated laminated steel |
US9889634B2 (en) | 2008-08-18 | 2018-02-13 | Productive Research Llc | Formable light weight composites |
US9434134B2 (en) | 2008-08-18 | 2016-09-06 | Productive Research Llc | Formable light weight composites |
US20110162788A1 (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-07-07 | Productive Research Llc | Formable light weight composites |
US8540842B2 (en) | 2008-08-18 | 2013-09-24 | Productive Research Llc | Formable light weight composites |
US8796580B2 (en) | 2009-12-28 | 2014-08-05 | Productive Research | Processes for welding composite materials and articles therefrom |
US20110188927A1 (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-08-04 | Productive Research LLC. | Processes for welding composite materials and articles therefrom |
US9239068B2 (en) | 2009-12-28 | 2016-01-19 | Productive Research Llc | Processes for welding composite materials and articles therefrom |
US9115264B2 (en) | 2010-02-15 | 2015-08-25 | Productive Research Llc | Delamination resistant, weldable and formable light weight composites |
US11331880B2 (en) | 2010-02-15 | 2022-05-17 | Productive Research Llc | Delamination resistant, weldable and formable light weight composites |
US9415568B2 (en) | 2010-02-15 | 2016-08-16 | Productive Research Llc | Formable light weight composite material systems and methods |
US10710338B2 (en) | 2010-02-15 | 2020-07-14 | Productive Research Llc | Delamination resistant, weldable and formable light weight composites |
US9849651B2 (en) | 2010-02-15 | 2017-12-26 | Productive Research Llc | Formable light weight composite material systems and methods |
US20110200816A1 (en) * | 2010-02-15 | 2011-08-18 | Productive Research Llc | Formable light weight composite material systems and methods |
US11084253B2 (en) | 2010-02-15 | 2021-08-10 | Productive Research Llc | Light weight composite material systems, polymeric materials, and methods |
US9981451B2 (en) | 2010-02-15 | 2018-05-29 | Productive Research Llc | Delamination resistant, weldable and formable light weight composites |
US10457019B2 (en) | 2010-02-15 | 2019-10-29 | Productive Research Llc | Light weight composite material systems, polymeric materials, and methods |
US9005768B2 (en) | 2011-02-21 | 2015-04-14 | Productive Research | Composite materials including regions differing in properties and methods |
US9962909B2 (en) | 2011-02-21 | 2018-05-08 | Productive Research Llc | Composite materials including regions differing properties, and methods |
US9233526B2 (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2016-01-12 | Productive Research Llc | Composites having improved interlayer adhesion and methods thereof |
US11338552B2 (en) | 2019-02-15 | 2022-05-24 | Productive Research Llc | Composite materials, vehicle applications and methods thereof |
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