US2112306A - Printing telegraphy - Google Patents

Printing telegraphy Download PDF

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Publication number
US2112306A
US2112306A US13296A US1329635A US2112306A US 2112306 A US2112306 A US 2112306A US 13296 A US13296 A US 13296A US 1329635 A US1329635 A US 1329635A US 2112306 A US2112306 A US 2112306A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
impulse
dial switch
dialling
printing telegraph
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US13296A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rossberg Ehrhard
Wusteney Herbert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens and Halske AG
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2112306A publication Critical patent/US2112306A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details

Definitions

  • Our invention relates toprinting telegraphy, and more particularly to an arrangement for dialling in printing telegraph exchange systems.
  • the transmission of the dialling impulses presents difiiculties, since the dial. switch transmits a train of impulses differing from that of the printing telegraph, so that a mutilation of the dialling impulses occurs when transmitting the dialling impulses through a regenerative repeater.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide an arrangement for dialling in printing telegraph exchange systems whereby the above-mentioned difficulties are eliminated and is based on the fact hitherto unknown that it is more convenient to retain the regenerative repeater unaltered in the lines or circuits and to efiect in this case the dialling in such a manner as to attain a satisfactory transmission of the dialling impulses beyond the regenerative repeater and, under circumstances, even a correction of the dialling impulses by means of the repeaters.
  • This may be accomplished according to the invention by adapting the speed of the dial switch to the speed of rotation of a printing telegraph transmitter.
  • This inventive idea may be realizedin various ways.
  • an independent dial switch i. e., of a dial switch which is as usual independent of the printing telegraph, it is possible to reduce the speed of running down of the dial switch to such an extent that the period of the dialling impulses produced is substantially equal to the length of a complete code impulse combination. If the limiting values of the speed which depend upon the manufacturing tolerances of the dial switches aretaken at the same time into consideration it is necessary that the period of the dialling impulses in the case .of the highest permissible speed should last at least as long as a complete code impulse combination.
  • the speed of. the dial switch is controlled by the printing telegraph ap- (Cl. PIS-75) paratus, the control being effected by the electrical or mechanical method as the case may be.
  • the running down of the dial switch may be retarded by an escapement which may be released by the impulses produced by an electromagnet controlled by the printing telegraph apparatus.
  • Such an escapement may, however, be made conditional by the mechanical method upon parts of the printing telegraph apparatus moved in rhythm with the normal telegraph signals. This may be accomplished in a particularly convenient manner by causing the dial switch tobe operated by the motor of the printing telegraph.
  • a control member may, for instance, be provided on the transmitter shaft or on a shaftcoupled with the transmitter shaft.
  • the control member then operates the dialling impulse contact and its number of revolutions is limited by correspondingly ad-' justed devices in accordance with the angular position of the dial switch pulled round.
  • Fig. 1 shows various graphic representations of impulses for illustrating the variation of the impulse periods of a standard dial switch as is required according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 showsan embodiment of a dial switch controlled mechanically by the printing telegraph.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates in diagrammatic form the signal units of a normal fiveunit combination together with the starting impulse A and the stop impulse S.
  • the five characteristic impulse units which have normally a length of 22 ms. each lie between the starting and the stop impulse which also have the same length, so that the duration of a complete code impulse. combination amounts to 154 ms.
  • the dial switch developed for use in connection with telephony and which is also employed in the same form in automatic printing telegraph exchange systems has upon an average a running down period of one second per ten dialling impulses.
  • the impulse ratio is chosen in such a manner that the current is off during 38.5 ms. and the current is on during 61.5 ms.
  • This off to-on ratio is indicated in portion b by the long cross line.
  • the dial switch has, however, very considerable speed tolerances owing to the manufacture and cheapness thereof.
  • the value of ms. for each period of the current impulses indicated in portion b represents only a mean value.
  • the period in the case of the greatest running down speed permissible in accordance with the tolerance may actually amount to 75 ms. (portion 0), whereas the complete running down of the dial switch with the lowest speed permissible according to the tolerance lasts 1.6 sec., 1. e., the current impulse period amounts to 160 ms, (portion d).
  • the shortest duration of a current-off period amounts to 29 ms. (portion 0) and the longest duration of such period or break amounts to 61.5 ms. (portion d).
  • the running down speed of the dial switch should, therefore, be adapted to the length of the code impulse combination, for instance to 154 ms. in the example illustrated by portion a. of Fig. 1.
  • the most favorable adaptation may be attained if the current impulse period of the dial switch for the highest running down speed permissible according to the tolerance is at least equal to the length of a complete code impulse combination (assumed above as 154 ms.).
  • a current impulse period of 214 ms. with a break duration of 82.5 and a make duration of 131.5 ms. results as mean value, provided that the usual break-to-make ratio is taken as a basis (portion e).
  • the dialling of the most rapid dial switch coincides in this case with the dialling of the normally dimensioned slowest dial switch (portion 61).
  • the impulse period of the slowest dial switch dimensioned according to the invention amounts to 342 ms. with a break (current-off) period of 132 ms. and a make (current-on) period of 210' ms. (portion 1).
  • the break-tomake ratio In order to eliminate this fault the break-tomake ratio must, therefore, be also chosen quite otherwise than is the case with the dial switches hitherto known, that is to say, the longest possible break during the running down of the dial switch inclusive of a certain allowance for safety should not be greater than 132 ms. (duration of a code impulse combination without stop impulse).
  • the portions e, h and i of Fig. 1 show a break-to-make ratio which may be considered suitable in view of the above-mentioned conditions. The portion it represents in this case again the mean value with a current impulse period of 214 ms. and with a break-to-make ratio of 66 ms. for the current break and 148 ms. for the current make.
  • the above-mentioned variation of the normal running down speed of a dial switch may be attained in some cases by another adjustment of the standard dial switches. If this is not possible it will be, as a rule, sufficient to effect a simple change in the dimensions, for instance an increase in the flywheel weight of the regulator or a change in the force of tension of the spring acting on the flywheel weight in order to obtain the desired dialling.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a dial switch which is not driven independently of the printing telegraph as the dial switches so far described, but is controlled by the printing telegraph itself.
  • the transmitter shaft is provided with a slip coupling (not shown) and is associated with the shaft l of the dial switch by means of the slip coupling.
  • the shaft I carries a cam disc 2 as control member for actuating the impulse contact 3.
  • the shaft l is, therefore, continuously under the effect of the revolving transmitter shaft, the shaft I being, however, held at rest when the lug 5 of the disc 4 mounted on.
  • the shaft I faces, as disclosed in Fig. 2, the end of the lock lever 6.
  • the lock lever B is rigidly mounted on the shaft 7, to the front end of which the dial switch 8 is secured.
  • the escapement wheel 9 cooperating with the pawl Ill and a worm wheel II firmly secured to the escapement wheel 9 are loosely mounted on the shaft 1.
  • the worm wheel ll meshes with the worm l2 mounted on the shaft I.
  • the lock lever 6 rotates and the pawl l0 slides over a number of teeth of the escapement wheel 9 corresponding to the dialled number.
  • the lug 5 is released therefrom so that the shaft l begins to rotate.
  • the lever l3 which is coupled with the shaft 1 of the dial switch 8 by means of a weak friction coupling 14 and which moves away from its stop l5 when the dial switch is pulled round.
  • the shaft I makes, therefore, only a preparatory movement when the dial switch is pulled round which movement, however, does not yet bring about an actuation of the contact 3.
  • a further measure of safety consists in the provision of the cam disc l9 and the contact 20. It may happen that the dial switch in the case of an unexpected disconnection of the motor-for instance by means of an engaged signal coming from the exchange-comes to rest in another than in the position of rest. in such a manner that the contact 20 is opened owing to the design of the cam disc l9 only in the normal position of the dial switch, otherwise the contact 20 is closed. This contact maintains, for instance, the motor cut-in relay in a local circuit in an energized state or bridges the contacts of the motor cut-in relay.
  • the impulse transmitter shown in Fig. 2 is designed in such a manner that it is possible to combine the impulse transmitter with a printing telegraph to form a unit.
  • This arrangement has the advantage that the case for the dial switch, which is, as a rule, arranged at one side of the usual printing telegraph, may be dispensed with.
  • a printing telegraph the combination of a number impulse-producer provided with a rotary member having a connection for operating such member by a member of the printing telegraph proper, said impulse-producer further including switch means actuated by said rotary member, the latter being constructed to adapt the impulse ratio of the current impulses to the length
  • switch means actuated by said rotary member, the latter being constructed to adapt the impulse ratio of the current impulses to the length
  • a printing telegraph the combination of a rotary member having a connection for operating such member by a member of the printing telegraph proper, switch means co-operating with said rotary member to produce signal impulses, a dialling member, and means controlled by such dialling member for permitting or arresting the operation of said rotary member.
  • dialling member controls two pawls arranged to arrest the rotary member at two different points of its motion.
  • a device in which there is provided, in conjunction with the dialling member, means for releasing said rotary member for a number of revolutions corresponding to the dialled number.
  • a device provided with means for permitting the drive of the telegraphic transmitter to be interrupted only when the dialling member is in its initial position.
  • a device provided with a switch and means operatively connected with the dialling member for opening said switch only when said member is in its initial position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
US13296A 1934-03-27 1935-03-27 Printing telegraphy Expired - Lifetime US2112306A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE443990X 1934-03-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2112306A true US2112306A (en) 1938-03-29

Family

ID=6532805

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13296A Expired - Lifetime US2112306A (en) 1934-03-27 1935-03-27 Printing telegraphy

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2112306A (nl)
BE (1) BE408640A (nl)
FR (1) FR788216A (nl)
GB (1) GB443990A (nl)
NL (1) NL45867C (nl)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB443990A (en) 1936-03-11
NL45867C (nl)
BE408640A (nl)
FR788216A (fr) 1935-10-07

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