US2111928A - Fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

March 22, 1938. R. M. HARDGROVE EL BURNER- Fi led Aug. 20, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIGl.

March 22, 1938. R. M. HARDGROVE I FUEL BURNER Fil-ed Aug. 20, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTOR N EY March 22, 1938. HARDGROVE 2,111,92@

FUEL BURNER Filed Aug. 20, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet Z March 22, 193%.

' M. HARDGROVE FUEL BURNER Filed Aug. 20, 1929 4 sheets-sheet 4 Patented Mar. 22, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE by mesne assignments, Wilcox Company, Newark,

tion of New Jersey to The Babcock &

N. 3., a corpora- Application August 20, 1929, Serial No. 387,214

24 Claims. (Cl. 122-235) This invention relates to a burner that is especially useful for burning pulverized coal. The invention will be understood from the description in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section through an illustrative embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 is a partial rear view of the structure shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a plan view, partly in section, showing the burner; Fig. 4 is a plan view of one of the details; Fig. 5 is a section along the line 5-5 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a section along the line 6-8 of Fig. 5; Fig. '7 is a perspective view partly in section of thefuel burner with the deflector blocks and some of the wall tubes omitted; and Fig. 8 is a horizontal section showing the relative arrangement of the deflector blocks and tubes.

Inthe drawings, reference character I indicates a furnace having vertically disposed spaced tubes 2 in its wall. The tubes 2 have their ends connected to a header 3 outside of the furnace.

The tubes may have water or other cooling fluid 2 in any convenient manner. The outlet 8 extends circulated through them in the well-known way. The tubes are lined with blocks 4 to provide a continuous wall. Some of the blocks 4 are omitted to provide a location for the fuel burner. The fuel burner has a long narrow mouth or exit opening which extends across a plurality of the tubes, so that fuel from the burner passes into the furnace through a number, of spaces between the tubes 2. v p

The burner 5 is connected to a flaring connection 6, which is in turn connected with a fuel 'delivery pipe 6. The burner 5 is disposed at an angle to the fuel delivery pipe 6, and the flaring connection joining the burner and the fuel delivery pipe is provided with a sloping wall 1 against which the mixture of air and powdered fuel from any-convenient source impinges so that the mixture will spread out laterally substantially uniformly in the horizontally extending portion of the burner 5. The sloping wall 1 stands at an angle tothe axes of the fuel delivery pipe and the burner, as will be realized upon. examination of Figure -1. An outlet 8 is connected to the exit end of the burner 5 and may be attached to the tubes across a numberof the tubes and is provided with outwardly flaring upper and lower walls 9. Each of the tubes 2 has itsouter side contacting with the concave side of a crescent shaped shield 8*, as shown in Fig. 3, the upper and lower edges ofwhich fit into recesses formed in the upper and 1 lower walls 9 of the burner outlett, as shown in Fig. 1. With this arrangement-of the shields 8 in the burner outlet 8, the shields unite with the outlet walls 9 to form a series of transversely spaced vertically elongated nozzles discharging through the intertube spaces.

Inlets l and II are provided above and below the outlet 8 for secondary or combustion air. Each air inlet I l is shown to be of greater vertical cross sectional area and height than the inlet l0 thereabove. I

Angle-irons I2 and I3 extend along the outside of the furnace wall and are connected to brackets 14 on the burner by means of rods l5 that are provided with turn buckles l5.

A row of deflecting blocks I6 is provided along the furnace side of the tubes 2 opposite the outlet 8. These blocks l6 may be held in-place against the tubes 2 by means of 'U-bolts H which fit around the shields 8 The blocks l6 are prm vided with curved surfaces l8 to fit against the tubes-and with countersunk openings IQ for nuts on the ends of the U-bolts II. The front sides of the blocks It or the sides toward the burner 5 are rounded, as indicated at 20, to divide each vertically elongted stream of incoming fuel and pro- 1 willbe struck by the air entering through the ports 10 and II substantially at right-angles.

Plates 2| and 22 are attached to the outlet 8 to define one side of each inlet l0 and II. A damper 23, somewhat conventionally shown in Fig. l of the drawings, is pivoted at 24 to the bracket 25 above the plate 21 and a loose damper 26 is pivotally attached at 21 to a bell crank 28 pivoted at 29. The damper 2 6 in its full open position rests upon a supporting plate 25, against which thelower portion ofthe damper continuously contacts when the damper is turned by the bell crank 28. Rods 30 are provided for operating the dampers 23 and, 26, so that the inlets Ill and H can be partially or entirely closed.

casing 3| surrounds the burner and dampers .and may be supplied with air under pressure in any convenient way. A port 32 for a lighter may extend through the casing 3| into proximity to the outlet 8 for lightingthe fuel.

The burner extends laterally and converges in thin sheet. The sheet is divided by the fuel nozzles formed in the outlet section 8 into a row of horizontally spaced vertically elongated fuel I streams, each of which strikes a corresponding deflector block l8 and passes in twoportions in such directions that the streams of air entering through the inlets I0 and II are struck substantially at right-angles, thus intimately mixing the fuel and combustion air. In this way, practically the entire volume of the furnace can be utilized very effectively for combustion.

. A series of blocks 33 form a drip ledge positioned above the upper secondary air inlet in, 1

that is to say, fuel outlets.

over the secondary air-ports and The blocks 33 are held in place by being fastened to the cooling tubes 2 in the wall. The function of this drip ledge is to prevent clogging of the ports by liquid ash or slag which may flow down the wall from above the ports.

I claim:

1. In combination, a furnace having vertically disposed tubes along a wall thereof, a burner having a narrow exit opening extending across a plurality of said tubes, and a deflector in front of said opening, said deflector being attached to said tubes.

2. In combination. a furnace having verticallydisposed tubes along a wall thereof, a burner having an exit opening extending across a plurality of the wall tubes, a secondary air conduit also extending across a plurality of the wall tubes, and a deflector in front of the exit opening of said burner, said deflector being attached to the wall tubes, and serving to direct the fuel into the secondary air.

3. In combination, a furnace having vertically disposed tubes along a wall thereof, a burner rality of wall tubes, means to cause streams of air to enter said furnace along opposite sides of said burner in angular relation thereto, and

angle to said air streams.

4. In combination, a furnace having vertically disposed cooling tubes in a wall thereof, a burner flaring in a horizontal plane toward its exit end extending across a plurality of the wall tubes and being mounted on and in thermal contact with said tubes.

5. In combination, a furnace having vertically disposed cooling tubes in a wall thereof, a burner flaring in a horizontal plane toward its exit end, agsecondary air conduit having an opening adjacent the exit end of said burner, and means for over a plurality of being mounted on the tubes.

6. In combination, a furnace having vertically a wall thereof, a

tubes, and means to cause secondary combustion air to mix with material from said burner after it has struck said deflector.

7. In a furnace, a wall, vertically disposed cooling tubes in said wall, a horizontally elongated fuel nozzle extending across a plurality of said tubes, a secondary air-port adjacent said fuel nozzle substantially coextensive therewith, and a drip ledge block in said wall over said fuel nozzle and said secondary air-port.

prising a fuel distributing 8. In a furnace, a wall, vertically disposed cooling tubes in said wall, a horizontally elongated fuel nozzle extending across a plurality of said tubes and a deflector block mounted on two ad .iacent tubes on the furnace side of said fuel nozzle.

9. In combination, a pulverized fuel and air delivery pipe, a fuel burner nozzle arranged at an angle to said delivery pipe, a conduit section connecting said delivery pipe and nozzle and. complate arranged at an angle to the axes of said delivery pipe and nozzle to receive the impact of the fuel from said delivery pipe and distribute the fuel therefrom throughout said nozzle, said nozzle having an outer section progressively flaring in one direction and progressively tapering in a transverse directionfrom the discharge end of said connecting conduit section, and a nozzle discharge section flaring towards its discharge end in a direction transverse to the direction of flare of said outer nozzle section.

10. In combination, a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein, a fuel burner nozzle arranged to discharge fuel through said burner port in a series of streams extending transversely of the direction of fuel discharge, means at the inner side of said furnace wall and immediately beyond the discharge end of said nozzle for dividing each fuel stream into a plurality of streams diverging in a plane transversely of theseries of fuel streams, and means for discharging a stream of combustion air through said burner port into each of said diverging fuel streams.

11. In combination, a furnace wall having a fuel burner port formed therein and spaced cooling tubes extending across said burner port, a fuel burner nozzle arranged to discharge a fuel stream through said burner port elongated transversely of the length of said cooling tubes, deflectors mounted on and extending across the spaces between said tubes and immediately beyond the discharge end of said nozzle for dividing the fuel stream passing through the intertube spaces into a plurality of streams diverging in a plane transversely of the direction of elongation of the main fuel stream, and means for dischargingstreams of combustion air through each of said intertube spaces into said diverging fuel streams.

12. In a furnace, a substantially vertical wall having a fuel burner said burner port and fuel burner by solid deposits from above.

13. In combination and means forming a plurality of upwardly inclined air passages located below said nozzles whereby the air jets discharged therefrom are caused to impinge upon the fuel Jets discharged from said nozzles, and means at the discharge end of said air passages for selectively controlling I the velocity of air discharged from said upper and lower air passages without changing the initial point ofimpingement of said air. streams on said fueljets'. I

15. In combination, a furnace wall comprising a series of horizontally spaced cooling tubes, a

fuel burner adapted .to discharge through said wall and comprising a flared fuel conduit having its discharge end extending transversely across the outer side of a plurality of said wall tubes and terminating in a series of separate fuel nozzles, said nozzles being spaced apart and arranged to discharge fuel through separate intertube spaces at an-oblique angle to said furnace wall, and means forming an air passage through each of said intertube spaces directed towards and adjacent to the discharge end of the corresponding fuel nozzle.

16. In combination, a vertically extending furnace wall having a series of horizontally spaced cooling tubes extending along its inner side, a pulverized fuel burner adapted to discharge through said wall and comprising a flared fuel conduit having its discharge end extending transversely across a plurality of said wall tubes and terminating in a series of separate vertically elongated fuel nozzles, said nozzles being horizontally spaced apart and arranged to discharge a mixture of pulverized fuel and primary air through separate intertube spaces, and means for directing a stream of secondary air through each of said intertube spaces at an angle towards and impinging on, the corresponding fuel and primary air stream adjacent said furnace wall.

1'7; In combination, a vertically extending furnace wall having a series of horizontally spaced vertically arranged cooling tubes, a fuel burner adapted to discharge through said wall and comprising a fuel conduit having its discharge end oblique angle to said furnace wall and ina direcextending transversely across a plurality of said wall tubes and constructed to discharge a plurality of fuel streams through separate intertube spaces at an oblique angle to said furnace wall, and means for directing a stream of air through each of said intertube spaces at an oblique angle to said furnace wall and in a direction to impinge upon the corresponding fuel stream.

18. In combination, a furnace wall having a series of horizontally spaced cooling tubes associated therewith, a fuel burner adapted to discharge through said wall and comprising a fuel conduit having its discharge end extending transversely across a'plurality of said wall tubes and constructed to discharge a plurality of separate fuel streams through separate intertube spaces with some of said fuel streams directed at one oblique angle .to said wall and other fuel streams at a substantially opposite oblique angle to said wall, and means for directing a stream of air through each of said intertube spaces at an tion to impinge upon the corresponding fuel stream closely adjacent its; point of entry into the furnace. I V 19. In combination, a furnace wall including a series of transversely spaced wall tubes, a series of transversely spaced pulverized fuel nozzles adjacent said wall tubes and constructed to discharge a plurality of fuel-streams through separate intertube spaces at an oblique angle to said furnace wall, and means for directing streams of and surrounding said burner port, a series of transversely spaced pulverized fuel nozzles adjacent said wall tubes and constructed to discharge a plurality of fuel streams through separate intertube spaces, and means for directing streams of combustion air from said casing through said intertube spaces at an oblique angle to said furnace wall and in a direction to impinge upon corresponding fuel streams adjacent said furnace wall.

21. In combination, a vertically extending furnace wall having a burner port formed therein and a series of transversely spaced wail tubes extending across said burner port, a combustion air casing at the outer side of said furnace wall and surrounding said burner port, a pulverized fuel conduit extending through said casing and having its discharge end extending transversely across the outer side of a plurality of of combustion air from said casing through said intertube spaces in a direction to impinge upon corresponding fuel streams adjacent said furnace wall.

22. In combination, a vertically extending nace wall having a burner port formed therein and a series of transversely spaced wall tubes extending across said burner port, a combustion air casing at the outer side of said furnace wall and surrounding said burner port, a pulverized fuel conduit extending through said casing and having its discharge end extending transversely across the outer side of a plurality of said wall tubes, said conduit terminating in a series of transversely spaced fuel nozzles adjacent said wall tubes and constructed to discharge a-plurality of fuel streams through separate intertube spaces at an oblique angle to said furnace wall, and means for directing streams of combustion air from said casing through said intertube spaces in a direction to impinge upon corresponding fuel streams adjacent said furnace wall.

23. In'combination, a furnace having a verti-- cally extending wall, a series of pulverized fuel nozzles constructed to discharge a plurality of fuel streams through said wall with some of said fuel streams entering the furnace at an' upward inclination to said wall and other-fuel streams at a downward inclination to said wall,

means forming a plurality of downwardly in-.-

furv clined air passages located above said nozzles and arranged to direct streams of combustion air to impinge upon corresponding upwardly inclined fuel streems, and means forming a plurality of upwardly inclined air passages located below said nozzles and arranged to direct stre bustion air to impinge upon corresponding downwardly inclined fuel streams.

2%. In a furnaoe, a, wall, vertically disposed cooling tubes in said well, a honzontally elonams of com-' RALPH m HARDGROVE.

Images