US2108616A - Treatment of materials - Google Patents

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US2108616A
US2108616A US2108616DA US2108616A US 2108616 A US2108616 A US 2108616A US 2108616D A US2108616D A US 2108616DA US 2108616 A US2108616 A US 2108616A
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Prior art keywords
stearate
oil
wettable
moisture
varnish
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
    • B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/188—Monocarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
    • D06M2200/11—Oleophobic properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
    • D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/907—Resistant against plant or animal attack
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31844—Of natural gum, rosin, natural oil or lac
    • Y10T428/31848—Next to cellulosic

Definitions

  • the present'invention relates to the treatment of materials designed to makethem non-wettable by oil and to improve their oil-resistance.
  • the invention is more particularly directed to an improved method whereby metallic and nonmetallic surfaces may be provided with a him or films which will prevent the spreading or creeping of. oil on the surface treated. It is also directed to an improved means whereby a barrier 10 to oil may be presented on a surface or within 'materials which normally permit oil, moisture, etc. to be absorbed by capillary or other action.
  • a barrier 10 to oil may be presented on a surface or within 'materials which normally permit oil, moisture, etc. to be absorbed by capillary or other action.
  • the present invention is designed to improve the practicability of application of the film to the surface to be treated. It has been found possible to incorporate the material which eventually acts an as the non-wettable film, into vehicles such as varnishes and lacquers. For example, from 1 to 10% by weight of ferric stearate have been incorporated into varnishes, and in addition to providing a non-wettable film, it has been found that the oil and water resistant qualities have been improved. Also, for example, the addition of 5% of calcium stearate by weight to a high grade sparvarnish produces a non-wettable film with a much higher heat resistance than had been characteristic of films containing ferric stearate;
  • ferric stearate' and calcium stearate Besides ferric stearate' and calcium stearate,
  • barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate have been successfully used.
  • wood has its capillary action halted when impregnated with a30% non-wettable film material carried in a vehicle such as a refined hydrocarbon of a kerosene nature, for example, the material known as Bayol obtained from the Standard Oil Development Co. of New Jersey, or a chlorinated diphenyl.
  • a vehicle such as a refined hydrocarbon of a kerosene nature, for example, the material known as Bayol obtained from the Standard Oil Development Co. of New Jersey, or a chlorinated diphenyl.
  • the wood so treated is altered to the extent that the capillary action usually observed when wood is immersed in a liquid is stopped.
  • Such treatment is, therefore, valuable to prevent undesirable liquids, moisture and the like getting into wood and to prevent the entrance into the wood of "fungus disease and other destructive agencies.
  • Another instance of the applicability of the present invention is the prevention of creepage of oil or moisture in cotton by the impregnation of the latter with a non-wettable film material.
  • Such treatment readily ugsests itself to woven cablecovering, textile and similar materials to render them moisture-proof or oil-proof in character.
  • the method of making a surface non wettable by mineral oil which comprises incorporating about 5% by weight of calcium stearate into a moisture-free varnish. applying 4 said mixture to the cleaned surface to be treated and allowing the coated surface to dry.
  • the method of preventing material'from absorbing liquids bycapillary action which consists in treating the material with a composition which when dried is insoluble in such liquids and which consists of from 1 to 10% by weight of a dried metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate,. strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate, incorporated in a moisturefree varnish, and allowing the treated material to dry.
  • a dried metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate,. strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate, incorporated in a moisturefree varnish, and allowing the treated material to
  • the method of preventing material from absorbing .liquids by capillary action which consists in treating the material with a moisturefree composition which when dried is insoluble in such liquids and which consists of a substantial but minor proportionof a dried metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate and a major proportion of a moisture-free vehicle of the class consisting of varnish, lacquer and chlorinated diphenyl, and allowing the treated material to dry.
  • a moisturefree composition which when dried is insoluble in such liquids and which consists of a substantial but minor proportionof a dried metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate,
  • An article of manufacture having a surface provided with a film of dried varnish containing calcium stearate in an amount corresponding to about 5% by weight of the varnish as initially applied to the surface.
  • a surface non-, wettable by mineral oil which consists in incorporating into a moisture-free varnish from about 1 to 10% by weight of a composition consisting of a metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate, applying said mixture to the cleaned surface to be treated and allowing the coated surface to dry.
  • a metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate
  • a method of treating wood which includes the step of impregnating wood with a composi tion consisting of a substantial but minor proportion of a metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate, and a major proportion of chlorinated diphenyl.
  • a metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate, and a major proportion of chlorinated diphenyl.
  • a metallic stearate of the class cc -of ferric stearate consisting of about 80% by. weight of a metallic stearate of the class cc -of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate, and about by weight of chlorinated diphenyl.
  • An article having a surface non-wettable by mineral .011 said article comprising a substance having a surface normally wettable by mineral oil and on said last-named surface a dried film which consists, as initially applied thereto, of about 1 to 10% by weight of a composition consisting of a metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate' incorporated in a moisture-free varnish.
  • a metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate' incorporated in a moisture-free

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)

Description

Patented Feb. 15, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE New York Electric Company, a corporation of No Application April 12, 1935, Serial No. 16,036
10 Claims. (01. 91-68) The present'invention relates to the treatment of materials designed to makethem non-wettable by oil and to improve their oil-resistance. The invention is more particularly directed to an improved method whereby metallic and nonmetallic surfaces may be provided with a him or films which will prevent the spreading or creeping of. oil on the surface treated. It is also directed to an improved means whereby a barrier 10 to oil may be presented on a surface or within 'materials which normally permit oil, moisture, etc. to be absorbed by capillary or other action. In a copending application filed of even date herewith in the name of Katherine Blodgett, 1 serial No. 16,033,, and assigned to the assignee of the present invention, there is set forth and claimed means wherebysurfaces may be rendered non-wettable byoii. This Blodgett application discloses that surfaces may be treated for the prevention of oil creepage or oil spreading by providing thereon a film or films of a long chain organic compound so positionedon the surface to be treated that the exposed portion of the molecules on the outside layer presents a groupa' ing non-wettable by oil.
The present invention is designed to improve the practicability of application of the film to the surface to be treated. It has been found possible to incorporate the material which eventually acts an as the non-wettable film, into vehicles such as varnishes and lacquers. For example, from 1 to 10% by weight of ferric stearate have been incorporated into varnishes, and in addition to providing a non-wettable film, it has been found that the oil and water resistant qualities have been improved. Also, for example, the addition of 5% of calcium stearate by weight to a high grade sparvarnish produces a non-wettable film with a much higher heat resistance than had been characteristic of films containing ferric stearate;
It will be apparent that such vehicles provide a practical product which may be used for dipping, brushing, or spraying to give a durable surface over which oil will not creep. Moreover,
5 such surfaces will withstand a temperature of 100 C.
Besides ferric stearate' and calcium stearate,
other metallic soaps, for example, lead stearate,
barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate have been successfully used.
One precaution must be observed in employing the varnish as a vehicle for the non-wettable film material. The latter must be carefully washed, as thoroughly dried and blended with the varnish before there is any chance for moisture to get into the material. Also a high grade of varnish, free from moisture, is also necessary to produce good fllms.
In addition to the provision of such nonwettable films as has been described to prevent the creepage of oil on metallic surfaces, other applications may be made. For example, wood has its capillary action halted when impregnated with a30% non-wettable film material carried in a vehicle such as a refined hydrocarbon of a kerosene nature, for example, the material known as Bayol obtained from the Standard Oil Development Co. of New Jersey, or a chlorinated diphenyl. The wood so treated is altered to the extent that the capillary action usually observed when wood is immersed in a liquid is stopped. Such treatment is, therefore, valuable to prevent undesirable liquids, moisture and the like getting into wood and to prevent the entrance into the wood of "fungus disease and other destructive agencies.
Another instance of the applicability of the present invention is the prevention of creepage of oil or moisture in cotton by the impregnation of the latter with a non-wettable film material. Such treatment readily ugsests itself to woven cablecovering, textile and similar materials to render them moisture-proof or oil-proof in character.
Still another application is the treatment of 30 filter paper with non-wettable film material producing a drastic change in its properties and rendering it water-proof -and oil-proof. What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:
l. The method of making a surface non wettable by mineral oil which comprises incorporating about 5% by weight of calcium stearate into a moisture-free varnish. applying 4 said mixture to the cleaned surface to be treated and allowing the coated surface to dry.
2. The method of preventing material'from absorbing liquids bycapillary action which consists in treating the material with a composition which when dried is insoluble in such liquids and which consists of from 1 to 10% by weight of a dried metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate,. strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate, incorporated in a moisturefree varnish, and allowing the treated material to dry.
3. The method of preventing material from absorbing .liquids by capillary action which consists in treating the material with a moisturefree composition which when dried is insoluble in such liquids and which consists of a substantial but minor proportionof a dried metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate and a major proportion of a moisture-free vehicle of the class consisting of varnish, lacquer and chlorinated diphenyl, and allowing the treated material to dry.
4. An article of manufacture having a surface provided with a film of dried varnish containing calcium stearate in an amount corresponding to about 5% by weight of the varnish as initially applied to the surface.
5. The method of making a surface non-, wettable by mineral oil which consists in incorporating into a moisture-free varnish from about 1 to 10% by weight of a composition consisting of a metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate, applying said mixture to the cleaned surface to be treated and allowing the coated surface to dry.
6. A method of treating wood which includes the step of impregnating wood with a composi tion consisting of a substantial but minor proportion of a metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate, and a major proportion of chlorinated diphenyl.
7. Wood impregnated with a composition consisting of a substantial but minor proportion of metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate,
chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate, and a major proportion of chlorinated diphenyl. i
8. Wood impregnated with a composition consisting of about 80% by. weight of a metallic stearate of the class cc -of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate, and about by weight of chlorinated diphenyl.
'9. A substance consisting of a material normally capable of absorbing liquids by capillary action and'which has a surface thereof provided with a film of a hardened composition which is insoluble in such liquids and which consists, as initially applied to said surface, of a substantial but minor proportion of dried metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate, and thorium stearate and a major proportion-of a moisture-free vehicle of the class consisting of varnish, lacquer and chlorinated diphenyl. a
10; An article having a surface non-wettable by mineral .011, said article comprising a substance having a surface normally wettable by mineral oil and on said last-named surface a dried film which consists, as initially applied thereto, of about 1 to 10% by weight of a composition consisting of a metallic stearate of the class consisting of ferric stearate, calcium stearate, lead stearate, barium stearate, strontium stearate, cadmium stearate, chromium stearate, tin stearate and thorium stearate' incorporated in a moisture-free varnish.
VINCENT J. SCHAEFER. d.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2783160A (en) * 1953-03-30 1957-02-26 Jolly J Taylor Film forming oil stabilized with dibasic lead phosphite

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2783160A (en) * 1953-03-30 1957-02-26 Jolly J Taylor Film forming oil stabilized with dibasic lead phosphite

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