US2107703A - Process for rendering wool material unshrinkable and nonfelting product made thereby - Google Patents

Process for rendering wool material unshrinkable and nonfelting product made thereby Download PDF

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Publication number
US2107703A
US2107703A US87805A US8780536A US2107703A US 2107703 A US2107703 A US 2107703A US 87805 A US87805 A US 87805A US 8780536 A US8780536 A US 8780536A US 2107703 A US2107703 A US 2107703A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
wool
sulphuryl chloride
felting
unshrinkable
nonfelting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US87805A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hall Archibald John
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STEPHEN JAMES PENTECOST
WILLIAM NORTON HICKING
Original Assignee
STEPHEN JAMES PENTECOST
WILLIAM NORTON HICKING
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by STEPHEN JAMES PENTECOST, WILLIAM NORTON HICKING filed Critical STEPHEN JAMES PENTECOST
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2107703A publication Critical patent/US2107703A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
    • D01C3/00—Treatment of animal material, e.g. chemical scouring of wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/52—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with selenium, tellurium, polonium or their compounds; with sulfur, dithionites or compounds containing sulfur and halogens, with or without oxygen; by sulfohalogenation with chlorosulfonic acid; by sulfohalogenation with a mixture of sulfur dioxide and free halogens
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the treatment of materials consisting wholly or, partly of wool and which'may be in the form of loose fibres or in a manufactured form such as yarn and fabric 5 and has for its object to reduce or substantially eliminate their usual tendency to felt when washed in aqueous liquors.
  • felt is to be understood to refer to that property of ordinary wool which causes the individual fibres to close upon each other in washing, or other treatment in an aqueous liquor in which the wool material is repeatedly squeezed and rubbed, so that the wool material becomes denser and sponsible for the shrinkage which wool yarns and fabrics suffer when washed. .-Structurally,
  • the raw wool fibre comprises a central portion or cortex, with a coating protecting the same, this coating being visible as discontinuousareas under the microscope and, being known as the epithelial scales. Edges of these scales project from the general surface and cause a type of interlocking during mechanical working or milling, which resultsin a felting as the fibres can- .not slide one on another. It has heretofore been proposed to avoid such felting effects by chlorination, but a chlorination sufilcient to prevent felting caused a. resulting change in these epiao thelial scales to such an extent that the fabric formed from such fibers has, suffered damage and is harsh to the feel, and the cortex is in part exposed so that wear is rapid and wetting easy. Furthermore.
  • the chlorinating agents'often had as "the characteristic of rapid action but were not able to penetrate quickly throughout the mass of material treated-so that there was lack of uniformity both in respect to individual fibres and with respect to the fibres as a mass.
  • the conditions under which the wool must 5 be treated with sulphuryl chloride to reduce to any desired degree its tendency to felt may be varied widely.
  • the temperature of treatment may be varied from hot to cold, the wool may vary from wet to dry, and the duration of the treatment may be short or prolonged.
  • solvent it is possible to use any liquid which is substantially inert to sulphuryl chloride and which does not harm the wool, and it is preferable that it should be cheap and easily removed 45 from the wool after treatment by washing with water or voiatilizatlon.
  • white spirit a petroleum fraction much usedin large- -scale dry cleaning and having a typical boiling point range from to, 50
  • invention may be used to make wool substantially non-felting it is apparent that the conditions of treatment with sulphuryl chloride may be made less severe or otherwise modified so that the wool is left with any desired interthe mass of fibres and these treated fibres thus mediate (reduced) tendency to felt.
  • An advantage of the employment of a solution of sulphuryl chloride in white spirit or similar solvent is that such solution has high penetrating power and is thus able to penetrate rapidly and completely wool in package form, for example, tops of wool, and wool yarn in skeins, and wool yarn wound tightly in the form of cops.
  • the solvent removes a large part of the fats and greasy impurities so that the wool may afterwards be are by way of illustration only, and do' not limit this invention in any way.
  • Example 2.20 lbs. (9 kilos) loose raw wool is steeped for one hour at 18 C. in 10 gallons (45 litres) of white spirit containing 0.2 gallon (0.9,
  • Example 3 --Skeins of wool yarn are suspended Y within a chamber and the air then exhausted by means of a. vacuum pump. The vapour of sulphuryl chloride is then admitted and allowed toreact with the wool until a sample withdrawn is found to be substantially non-felting. The whole of the wool is then withdrawn, preferably after first blowing out the residual sulphuryl chloride vapour with a current of dry air, then washed, neutralized, washed and dried.
  • car-' means as are usually employed in wool carbonization processes.
  • the wool is rendered substantially non-felting, but there is no substantial damage to the epithelial scales and these remain distinct and substantially uniform throughoutconstitute a substantially uniform product, without substantial loss in softness, color or strength.
  • sulphuryl chloride instead of using sulphuryl chloride as such, its components sulphur dioxide and chlorine may also be used.
  • Example '5. Wood fabric or yarn is exposed to a mixture of sulphur dioxide and chlorine. or successively to sulphur dioxide and chlorine in either order. Occluded gas may then be removed by a current of warm air. The fabric or yarn-is finally washed and dried.
  • a textile material containing wool'flbres whichare substantially uniform in 'characteristics, and are non-felting and have substantially unchanged the softness and color of the 1m, treated wool and 'ha've distinct and substantially 3 undamaged 'epltheliel scale: which remnin od- .herent to the cortex during working in an aque- 0118 both, said fibres hevin: been reacted upon by a limited concentration of eulphuryl chloride for a limited period of time equivalent to the treatment 01' air-dry wool for one hour in a bath of eulphuryl chloride in white spirit at a concentration of two percent by volume initially at room temperature.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
US87805A 1935-07-17 1936-06-27 Process for rendering wool material unshrinkable and nonfelting product made thereby Expired - Lifetime US2107703A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB20331/35A GB464503A (en) 1935-07-17 1935-07-17 Improvements in processes for rendering wool materials unshrinkable

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2107703A true US2107703A (en) 1938-02-08

Family

ID=10144203

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US87805A Expired - Lifetime US2107703A (en) 1935-07-17 1936-06-27 Process for rendering wool material unshrinkable and nonfelting product made thereby

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US (1) US2107703A (enrdf_load_html_response)
BE (1) BE421747A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE684585C (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR808035A (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB464503A (enrdf_load_html_response)
NL (1) NL45468C (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116536922A (zh) * 2023-05-04 2023-08-04 大连理工大学 一种深共晶溶剂在去除虱卵壳及羊毛防毡化方面的应用

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1047987B (de) * 1958-01-11 1958-12-31 Zschimmer & Schwarz Chem Fab Verfahren zum Carbonisieren von Mischgeweben

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116536922A (zh) * 2023-05-04 2023-08-04 大连理工大学 一种深共晶溶剂在去除虱卵壳及羊毛防毡化方面的应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB464503A (en) 1937-04-19
FR808035A (fr) 1937-01-27
DE684585C (de) 1939-12-01
BE421747A (enrdf_load_html_response)
NL45468C (enrdf_load_html_response)

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