US2107438A

US2107438A - Hair waving pad

Info

Publication number: US2107438A
Application number: US3065A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ernest O Frederics
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1935-01-23
Filing date: 1935-01-23
Publication date: 1938-02-08
Anticipated expiration: 1955-02-08

Description

Feb. 8, 1938, E. o. FREDERICS HAIR WAVING PAD Filed Jan.. 23, 1935 l lNvENToR l .ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 8, 1938 UNirE sies rer orifice HAIR. WAVNG PAD Ernest 0. Frederics, Bronxville, N. Y.

Application `lanuary 23, 1935, Serial No. 3,065

12 Claims. (Cl. 13B-36.2)

This invention relates to improvements in pads used in connection With the so-called permanent waving of human hair and particularly to a pad of this character which in the course of use is rendered unfit for further use.

As will be understood by those familiar with the art, it is customary in the waving of hair to wrap the tresses upon curling rods and to enclose the curled tresses within a pad which inlO cludes a moisture absorbing and retaining portion and an outer portion for retaining the steam that is developed in the process. Before applying the pad the moisture absorbing portion is moistened with water or a special lotion.

l5 The enclosed and wrapped tress of hair is then inserted in a suitable heater, which normally develops a sufficiently high temperature toy vaporize a portion of the lotion,

Heretofore it has commonly been the practice to employ a strip of felt as the moisture absorbing and retaining portion of the pad. The use of paper pulp for this purpose has been suggested. An advantage of this, in addition to the high absorbent qualities of pulp, is that it tends to prevent the use of the pad more than once. This is particularly important in instances in which the pad as sold to the trade contains certain compounds benecial to the hair Waving process. It is desirable in any case since a customer seeking a permanent wave would normally not wishV to have applied to her head pads that have been used upon the head of some prior customer.

Prior pads of the destructible type have not proved altogether satisfactory for the reason that they have a tendency to swell up and spread into a shape difficult to utilize in the process. When paper or a pulp sheet is saturated with moisture it has a tendency to lose its body and become unmanageable in the wrapping of the curled tresses. For example, the portion of the moisture absorbing member that is fastened to the outer wrapper may be held together in fairly satisfactory condition but the free end has a tendency to spread out into a fan shape. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to properly wrap the pad around the curled hair.

According to the present invention means are provided for holding the pulp pad against undue expansion when moistened. For this purpose I preferably employ a series of rows of stitching extending the entire length of the pad. The stitching may be arranged in any convenient way but should prevent spreading at the edge attached to the parchment or other portions of the pad and at the opposite edge as well as at one or more intermediate points. I have found four rows of stitching to give very good results, particularly when one roW is placed adjacent each longitudinal edge and the others are spaced substantially equally between these edges. 5

With the foregoing objects and advantages in View, an illustrative form of the invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig, l is a plan view of a pad embodying the 10 invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken through a portion of the pad along the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a modified construction embodying the invention. Y l5 Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken through a por'- tion of the pad along the line 4-4 of Figure 3,

and l Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a portion of the moisture absorbing member used in either 20 of the pads illustrated.

Referring now to the drawing, there is illustrated in Fig. l a pad having a sheet member II! which may suitably be formed of parchment paper or the like. This, as explained, serves'to ,'25 retain the steam developed in the process and may, therefore, be designated a sealing sheet or member. superimposed over the central, major portion of the member l@ is a second member I I, preferably formed of a metal foil, such as alumi- 30 num foil. This may, if desired, be omitted or replaced by a second strip of parchment paper, which in that event may conveniently be co-extensive with the member I0. When a foil is used, as shown, one edge of the latter is preferably 35 folded over a longitudinal edge of the sealing member, as indicated at I2, so as to hold these edges together and provide an effective reinforcement.

At the opposite edge of the members I0 and 40 i i there is secured a pad of Water-absorbent and water-retaining material I3. This, according to the present invention, is preferably formed of paper pulp having the bers rather loosely matted together so as to readily absorb and hold 45 a relatively large amount of water or treating lotion. In order to hold the bers together when the pad is being handled both prior to and in the course of use, a series of longitudinal stitchings if?. is provided. Four lines of such stitching are 50 shown in Fig, l. The lower line is preferably arranged quite close to and parallel with the lower edge i5 of the member I3 so as to prevent any longitudinal spreading of the member at this edge after it is thoroughly saturated. Similarly, the

upper line of stitching is preferably quite close to the edge I6.` The intermediate lines of stitching are most suitably located at substantially equal distances from each other and from, the lines of stitching at the edges.

To further assist in retaining the pulp in its desired shape in the course of handling, it may, if desired, be surrounded by a strip of thin gauze I'I of relatively coarse mesh. This may, for example, be a 20 mesh gauze. If such a gauze is` used, it is preferably placed around the paper pulp before the stitching I4 is applied so that it may be retained by the same stitching. A portion of the gauze may extend beyond the edge I6, as shown, so as to provide a narrow strip through which staples I8, or other faste-ning elements, may be passed. These staples then serve to unite the members I0 and I I as well as the gauze Il' and the latter, in turn, enveloping the paper pulp serves to retain this in appropriate relation.

As best illustrated in Fig. 5, the member I3 is preferably formed of a series of thin sheets of pulp pressed together at intervals by the formation of deep grooves I9 in one or both surfaces of the composite sheet. If desired some form of adhesive might be employed between the various layers but this is ordinarily unnecessary in view of the corrugation and the provision of the stitches. The pulp may either be in its natural state or may be impregnated with suitable chemicals beneficial to the hair waving process. Any of the known chemicals for this purpose may be em.- ployed. Y

In Fig. 3, there is shown a slightly modified construction embodying a, parchment sheet 20, a superimposed foil 2| and a paper pulp member 22. The latter is provided with a series of lines of stitching 23, one of which is arranged adjacent the lower edge while the others are suitably arranged intermediate the edges. A separate line of stitching 24` is then employed adjacent the upper edge of member-22 and this passes through the two

members

20 and 2| as well. Accordingly, the stitching 24 serves the double function of holding the various members together and of preventing the undesirable spreading of the pulp when moistened. A gauze may, if desired, be provided around the member 22 similar` to the gauze Il' but, as indicated in the drawing, this is not necessary and may readily be omitted. It will be understoodthat the gauze may be omitted from the pad of Fig. 1 also, in which case the staples I3 would be passed directly through the pulp material I3 at a point slightly below the upper line of stitching I4. In this case the pulp member would, of course, overlapthe members I 0 and II to a slightly greater extent. The corrugations of Fig. 5 are preferably provided in the pulp member of Figs. 3 and 4 also.

While the constructions illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3 are the preferable forms of the invention, it will be understood that various changes may be made without departing from the general principles of the invention. Means other than the staples or stitching may be provided for uniting the several parts. For example, a suitable adhesive might be employed for this purpose. The relative positions of the sealing member and the absorbent member may be altered to suit particular requirements. For example, the absorbent .member may be directly `and completely superimposed uponthe 'sealing member and the two may be secured together either along one or more of the edges or at some other convenient point. Either the grooves I9 -or the stitching, or both,

Y might be extended from top to bottom of the pad,

i. e., from the edge i6 to the edge Iii, rather than in the longitudinal direction indicated. So, also,V

the stitching or the grooves, or both, might be arranged in both of these directions, i. e., at to each other, so as to provide a sort of checkerwork. The gauze I'I, in lieu of being placed around the pulp member, might be inserted between Vthe sheets from which this member is formed.

In the production of the pulp members for a large number of pads, it will ordinarily be desirable to form the pulp into a continuous ribbon having a'width equal to the distance between the edges I 5 and I 6 of Fig. l. The grooves i9 may then extend throughout the entire length of this narrow strip. The rows of stitching Ii or 23 may similarly be applied throughout the length of the strip. To form the individual members I3 or 22,

the strip may then simply be fed to a chopping mechanism adapted to sever the strip into sections having the desired length. For this purpose the strip, after it has been provided with the stitches I4, may be passed directly to suitable cutting blades or may first be re-wound upon another reel and then delivered to a separate cutting machine. If the stitching is to be provided in two directions at right angles to each other, they may be applied to large sheets of pulp, in lieu of the narrow strip, and these sheets may then be sub-divided in any suitable way. If desired, the stitching might be provided in just one direction on a large sheet of the character mentioned and this might be cut to form members of the type indicated at I3 and 22 or it might be so cut as to provide the lines of stitching at an angle of, say, 45 to the various edges of the member. This would have the advantage of preventing a change either in the length of the member or in its width. `Various other modifications will suggest themselves to persons skilled in the art.

I claim: Y y 1'. A hair waving pad which comprises a paper pulp sheet having a plurality of lines of stitching extending through the same to prevent undue expansion of the pulp When moistened.

2. A hair Waving pad which comprises a paper pulp sheet having a plurality of lines of stitching extending through the same to prevent undue expansionof the pulp when moistened, certain of said lines of stitching being closely adjacent to and parallel with edges of said sheet.

3. A hair waving pad which comprises a' paper pulp sheet having a plurality of lines of stitching extending through the same to prevent undue expansion of the pulp when moistened, certain of said lines of stitching being closely adjacent to and parallel with the longitudinal edges of said sheet.

4. A hair waving pad which comprises a corrugated paper pulp sheet having a plurality of lines of stitching extending through the same to prevent undue expansion of the pulp when moistened, one of said lines of stitching being closely adjacent to and parallel with one of the edges of said sheet.

5. A hair waving pad which comprises a sealing sheet, a paper pulp sheet having a portion overlapping said sealing sheet, means for securing said sheets together adjacent one of their edges, and means extending through said pulp sheet from one surface to the other for preventing undue expansion of said sheet when moistened.

6. A hair waving pad which comprises a sealing sheet, a paper pulp sheet having a portion overlapping said sealing sheet, means for securing said sheets together adjacent one of their edges, and lines of stitching extending through said pulp sheet for preventing undue expansion of said sheet when moistened.

7. A hair Waving pad which comprises a sealing sheet, a paper pulp sheet having a portion overlapping said sealing sheet, means for securing said sheets together adjacent one of their edges, and lines of stitching extending through said pulp sheet for preventing undue expansion of said sheet When moistened, one of said lines of stitching being closely adjacent and parallel With a free edge of said pulp sheet.

8. A hair Waving pad Which comprises a plurality of sheets of material, one of said sheets being formed of an absorbent, fibrous material capable of retaining its form When dry but substantially destroyed when used after moistening, means extending through said absorbent sheet from one surface to the other for preventing undue expansion and distortion in the course of moistening and using the same, and means for securing said sheets together.

9. A hair waving pad which comprises a plurality of sheets of material, one of said sheets being formed of an absorbent, fibrous material capable of retaining its form when dry but substantially destroyed When used after moistening, lines of stitching extending through said absorbent sheet for preventing undue expansion and distortion in the course of moistening and using the same, and means for securing said sheets together.

10. A hair Waving pad which comprises a plurality of sheets of material, one of said sheets being formed of an absorbent, fibrous material capable of retaining its form when dry but sub- Y stantially destroyed When used after moistening, lines of stitching extending through said absorbent sheet for preventing undue expansion and distortion in the course of moistening and using the same, certain of said lines of stitching being provided closely adjacent the longitudinal edges of said absorbent sheet, and means for securing said sheets together.

11. A hair Waving pad which comprises a plurality of sheets of material, one of said sheets being formed of an absorbent, brous material capable of retaining its form when dry but substantially destroyed when used after moistening, lines of stitching extending through said absorbent sheet for preventing undue expansion and distortion in the course of moistening and using the same, one of said lines of stitching being provided closely adjacent an edge of said absorbent sheet, and means adjacent the opposite edge of said sheet for securing it to the other of said sheets.

12. A hair waving pad Which comprises a plurality of sheets of material, one of said sheets being formed of an absorbent, brous material capable of retaining its form when dry but substantially destroyed when used after moistening, a coarse gauze surrounding said absorbent sheet, lines of stitching extending through said gauze and said absorbent sheet, and means for securing said absorbent sheet to the other of said sheets.

ERNEST 0. FREDERICS.