US2104592A - Heater - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 4, 1938.

J. JUNG-ERS HEATER Filed Nov. l, 1935 2 Sheets-Shea#I 19 FIG jZ In., lIll.

ATTORNEY Patented `lan. 4, 1938 UNI-TED STATES PATENT OFFICE HEATER Application November 1, 1935, Serial No. 47,880

8 Claims. (Cl. 126-93) The invention relates to heaters and more particularly to oil burning heaters.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved oil burning heater which is so constructed as to insure efficient operation.

Another object is to provide a heater having a simple and inexpensive burner mounting.

The invention further consists in the several features hereinafter described and claimed.

This application constitutes acontinuation in part of my copending application for Oil burners,

Serial No 648,910, filed December 27, 1932.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating one embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of an oil burning heater constructed in accordance with the invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the heater parts of a top grille being broken away;

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the heater taken generally along the line 3;3 of Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line 4 4 oi Fig. 3, a humidifier of the heater being omitted;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary bottom view of the heater;

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional View taken on` the line 6 6 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is another detail sectional view taken on the line 11 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 is a detail top view of a corner portion of the heater;

Fig. 9 is a detail bottom View of a corner portion of the heater grille;

Fig. 10 is a detail top View of the burner mounting, parts being broken away;

Fig. 11 is a detail sectional View of a burnerl support taken on the line I I--I I of Fig. 10;

Fig. 12 is a detail inside View of a door construction for the heater, parts being broken away and parts being shown in section, and

Fig. 13 is a detail sectional view taken on the 1inefI3-I3 of Fig. 12. Y

In these drawings, I5 designates a heater casing in which is mounted a liquid fuel burner I6. The casing I 5 comprises top and bottom plates I 'l and I8, respectively, connected by vertical side walls here shown to be formed by a front panel I9, a rear panel 20, and opposite side panels 2|.. The top and bottom plates are preferably castings, and the several panels are preferably vitreous enameled sheet metal plates. The bottom plate I3 has supporting legs 22 secured thereto b-y bolts 22' to form a heater base, the legsbeing preferably provided With screw feet 23 for leveling.

The top and bottom plates are Connected 'by vertical air heating flues 24 positioned near the side walls of the casing and preferably formed of thin vitreous enameled sheet metal tubes or pipes. The opposite ends of the tubes are tapered or 5 flared and are pressed and cemented onto correspondingly tapered nipples or collars 25 and 26 integrally formed on the top and bottom plates, respectively, the resilient character of the tubes permitting them to conform to the nipples. 10 These plates are further connected by down-draft air tubes or pipes 21 to supply air for combus tion. 'I'he tubes 21 are similar to the ues and similarly attached to nipples v28 and 29 formed on the respective plates. rThe upper nipples 28 are 15 open, as seen in Fig. 6, but the lower nipples 29 are closed, as seen in Fig. '7, the air tubes 21 having lateral discharge openings 3U near their lower ends, as seen in Figs. 3 and 7.

The liquid fuel burner is supported on the bot- 20 tom plate I8 and is preferably of a well-known type embodying a series of perforated cylindrical metal shells or tubes 3| arranged concentrically and carried on a burner base 32. In the present instance the burner base has a central air opening 33 and a series of arcuate air openings 34 thereabout. The innermost shell carries an apertured cover plate 35, and a pair of intermediate shells carry an annular cover plate 36. VThe bottom wall of the burner base is preferably conically 30 formed so as to slope downwardly toward the part adjacent the central air opening. The burner base is positioned and supported by three spaced legs or ribs 31 projecting upwardly from the heater bottom iplate I8 and extendingA radially of the 35 burner, the ribs having ledges 38 (Fig. 11) on which thek burner base rests and having fingers 39' entering the arcuate air openings 34 in the burner base. The ribs 3l also have shouldered ledges 45 which support and position an annular generat- 40 ing and lighting trough 4I below the burner base, thetrough having a front filling and igniting ex.-V tension 42 (Fig. 10) to receive alcohol or other Suitable fuel. Preferably, the heater bottom plate I8 has a dished portion 43 below the burner so as to permit a low setting of the burner and thus increase the effective heating capacity of the burner. The dishing of the bottom plate also serves to minimize any tendency to warping. The top plate I1 may be slightly crowned for the same 5o.

purpose.

The burner base 32 is heldri'lrmly down on the supporting ribs 31 by a hook bolt 44, the upper hooked end of which engages a bridge or cross bar 45 integrally formed on the burner base and 55 extending diametrically of the central air opening 33 of the burner base. The hook bolt passes through the heater bottom plate and is secured thereto by a nut 46. The generating trough is confined between the ribs 31 and the burner base.

Liquid fuel, such as kerosene or distillate, is conductedV to the burner base by a vertical pipe 41 passing through openings in the generating trough and heater bottom plate. Below the bottom plate the pipe 41 is attached to a T 48 having a plug 49 at its lower end and connected by a tube 5c to a control or metering valve 5I at the front of the bottom plate, thevalve being mounted on a bracket 52 secured to the bottom plate. A tube 53 extends from the valve to a constant level valve device 54 mounted at the rear of the heater on a bracket 55 secured to the heater bottom plate. The constant level device is adjustable vertically and determines the maximum height to which oil will rise in the burner base. The liquid fuel is conducted to the constant level device from a supply tank, not shown.

The rear panel 20 has a smoke outlet 56 at its upper portion for connection to a smoke pipe and chimney, not shown, the smoke pipe having the usual damper means. A bafe plate 51 is mounted in the heater casing in front of the rear panel and smoke outlet and has a rearwardly projecting top flange 58 secured by bolts 58 to the top plate l1, as seen in Fig. 3, and a rearwardly projecting bottom flange 59 engaging t-he rear panel, thus causing the gases of combustion to take a circuitous path to the smoke outlet, vas indicated by arrows in Fig. 4. Below the smoke outlet the rear panel has attached thereto a channel shaped supporting bar 6) `to detachably carry thereon a humidifying tank Ell the tank having a hooked upper edge 5l' engaging the bar.

The bottom plate i8 has a downturned marginal flange 62, and the top plate I9 has an up-V turned marginal flange E3 with upwardly opening notches 64, both plates preferably having beveled corners. Each of the casing panels has a hooked lower edge 65 engaging the flange 62 of the bottom plate, and has openings 66 near its upper edge to register with the notches `64. Channel members 61 embrace the upturned flanges 63 and upper edges cf the panels and are secured thereto by bolts S8 passing through the notches 64 and'openings 56.

At their side edges each panel has an angularly extending outwardly hooked portion 69, as best seen in Fig. 8, the edges of adjacent panels being connected by vitreous enameled sheet metal corner strips 15 having hooked or folded edge portions 1l inter-engaging with the hooked 'por tions of the panel. The corner strips 10 are slid lengthwise into'position and the interstices between them and the panels arelled with a suitable cement or putty 12. The'lower ends of the corner strips are concealed by Shoulders or ledges 13 formed on the legs 22.

The front panel of the heater casing is provided with a door opening 14 dened by an inwardly offset flanged portion I5 which forms a door frame against which a door 16 is seated, the door when closed being substantially flush with the outer surface of the panel. The door is supported on vertically aligned pintles 11 and 18 passing through openings in the flanged portion of the panel, the upper pintle 11 being detachable and being of angular shape, as indicated in Fig. l2. able pivotally mounted handle 19 with an inner The door is held closed by a suit` lscrews 84.

The top of the heater casing is preferably surmounted by a detachable grille 85 having a frame comprising corner members Sii connected by sheet metal bars 81 of angular cross-section, the corner members and bars being vitreous enameled and secured together by screws 88. The corner members have inwardly projecting lugs 89 which rest'on the beveled corner portions of the heater casing. The frame bars 81 have downturned inner flanges 95 to which the downturned edges of a reticulated grille plate 9i are secured by angleshaped clamping bars 92 attached to the flanges 9B by-screws 93. The grille plate 9| is preferably formed of expanded metal. The same corner members 85 can be used for grilles of different sizes.

In assembling the heater, the air heating nues 24 and down-draft air tubes 21 are pressedandcernented onto the nipples or collars of the top and bottom casing plates l1 and I B to form a rigid self-supporting structure to which the several side panels and other parts are then attached to complete the assembly.

"I'c start the heater in operation, a small quantity of alcoholis poured in the generating trough lll and is lighted to heat the burner base toa generating temperature. During the heating, the metering valve 5I is kept closed and the door 16 is kept slightly open. After a few minutes the burner base attains a generating temperature, and the valve 5i is then opened, the door being left open. The flame from the lighted alcohol will then ignite the vapor from the liquid fuel, and when this occurs the door is tightly closed, whereupon the air for combustion is drawn by chimney draft through the down-draft air tubes 21. The air passing down the tubes 21 is preheated by the hot gases of combustion surrounding and heating the tubes, so that the burner base will remain hot to insure complete combustion, notwithstanding variations in air flow incident to changes in draft conditions. Preferably, all the air for combustion is supplied through the downdraft tubes 21, the heater being otherwise devoid of air inlet openings, and the door when closed having a tight t.

The hot gases of combustion sweep over the air heating flues 24 which surround the burner, and heat the air which passes upwardly through the flues in a straight line path. The heated air rises inthe lues with a substantial velocity sc as to establish a good circulation of air in the .room in which the heater is placed. The flue construction permits a comparatively large air heating surface in a limitedspace, and the relatively thin walls of the flues insure a rapid heat transfer. In addition to heating the'flues, the hot gases of combustion also heat the'side walls of the heater casing so as to provide heat by radiation as 'Well as convection.

The heater constructionY permits the burner unit to be placed close to the bottom wall of the heater casing, so as to provide a large effective heating surface in a limited casing height. The

oil piping, except for the short pipe or nipple 41, is placed outside of the casing, so as to avoid heating of the piping and accumulation of carbonized oil in the small diameter piping. After removing the burner shells 3| and bottom plug 49, any accumulated carbon in the pipe 41 can be easily reamed or scraped out.

While the invention is here shown to be embodied in a circulating room heater, it is obvious that it is also applicable to other oil heating devices.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a heater, the combination of a casing, a liquid fuel burner therein having a vaporizing base and perforated combustion tubes on said base, and an air pipe within said casing extending higher than the burner for supplying preheated combustion air to said burner to prevent cooling of said base notwithstanding variations in air o-w to the burner, said air pipe being spaced from said burner.

2. In a heater, the combination of a casing having a top wall, a liquid fuel burner in said casing, and an air pipe extending downwardly from said top wall to be heated by gases of combustion in said casing and having its lower end adjacent the level of the burner and spaced laterally of the burner for supplying preheated combustion air to the burner to avoid cooling of the burner notwithstanding variable draft conditions.

3. In a heater, the combination of a casing having top and bottom Walls, a liquid fuel burner in said casing, a downdraft air pipe in said casing to be heated by gases of combustion for supplying preheated air to said burner, said pipe being spaced laterally from said burner and being anchored on said top and bottom walls and having an air inletat its upper end and an air outlet adjacent its lower end.

4. In a heater, the combination of a casing having top and bottom plates with inwardly extending nipples, a liquid fuel burner in said casing, and a down-draft air pipe in said casing vspaced laterally from the burner and having a 4base having a central air opening and a bar across said opening, perforated combustion tubes on said base, a bottom plate having a plurality of projections interengaging with said burner base for supporting and positioning said burner base, and a hold-down rod for said burner base connecting said bottom plate and the bar of said burner base.

6. In a heater, the combination of a bottom plate, supports on said bottom plate, a burner base resting on and positioned by said supports, a generating and lighting trough for said burner base carried kby, said supports and spaced below said base, and means for securing said burner base to said bottom plat-e, said burner base co-nfining said generating and lighting trough between said base and said bottom plate.

7. In a heater,the combination of a bottom plate member, a plurality of spaced supports on said member, a burner base resting on and positioned by the upper portions of said supports, a generating and lighting trough member for said burner base carriedby said supports and positioned below said burner base and above said bottom plate member, said supports being rigidly connected to one vof said members, and means for securing said burner base to said bottom plate.

8. In a heater, the combination ofxa burner base having a central air opening anda bar across said opening, perforated combustion tubes on said base, a bottom plate, a plurality of spaced projections interengaging with said burner base and supporting said burner base above vsaid bottom plate, and a hold-down rod for said burner base connecting said bottom plate andthe bar of said burner base.

JOHN JUNGERS.

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