US2100845A - Product for increasing the slip of textile materials - Google Patents

Description

Ratentecl Nov. 30, 1937 PATENT- OFFICE PRODUCT FOR INCREASING THE SLIP OF TEXTILE MATERIALS Ehrhart Franz, Leipzig, and Max Hardtmann, Naunhof, near Leipzig, Germany No Drawing. Application April 14, 1934, Serial No. 720,656. In Germany April 18, 1933 3 Claims. 87-9) This invention relates to a new-product to be used for increasing the facility of slip of textile material.

Products of this class are employed to facilitate the mechanical working, of textile material and to preserve the latter from injury during working.

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If no slip-producing agent or lubricant is used, the mechanical working of such material, particularly wool and artificial silk as well as culti vated silk and nettle fiber, causes considerable losses. In case of wool, it has been found profitableto facilitate working from the secured raw wool up to the top and finished yarn by the addition of slip-increasing agents or lubricants which, in working artificial silk, serve also for keeping the filaments closedi Individual filaments possess a high degree of resistance to working and break easily on account of their line-- ness, whereas closed filaments, particularly if closed by. a lubricant, can be worked without trouble and without much waste.

The lubricants hitherto in use include, above all, fatty oils, such as linseed oil, castor oil, arachis oil, and the like, either in normal condition or aqueous emulsion; mineral oil, vaseline oil, train 011, and the like, have been proposed also. The first-mentioned oils tend to resinify by oxidation, a process commonly referred to as drying, or to become rancid and thus have an adhesive effect which renders working difficult, or to acquire an unpleasant odor difficult to remove, and the other oils, besides possessing an unpleasant odor, are open to the serious objection that they can be removed from the textile materials-only with great difiiculty. Furthermore, although all these substances facilitate gliding to a satisfactory degree, they require high concentration, owing to their tendency to enter the material.

It is known to smooth and to close artificial silk with the aid of paraflln or waxes by passing the material over-blocks thereof and thus cause it to take up some of their substance. It has further been proposed to employ emulsions of these substances, but itwas found to be impos-' sible to remove the agent applied to the material without the use of solvents, even in case of emulsions. For this reason, particularly in case of artificial silk, the smoothing medium was not removed but allowed to remain on the material with the result that the quality ofthe latter was considerably impaired, as the presence of a smoothing agent on the material will materially lower the heat insulating-capacity thereof.

The invention aims at overcoming these defects and consists in producing emulsions from the par'afiins and waxes known to be the best lubricants, which are not only durable but can be completely removed from the material. It was found absolutely necessary in the production of such emulsions to add a hydrophilic compound insoluble in water in addition to paraffin or like substances constituting a hydrophobic compound insoluble in water and acting as emulsifying agent. Although insoluble in water themselves, such compounds are nevertheless capable of dissolving water to a considerable degree. Both insoluble substances are then emulsified in an aqueous solution of a hydrophilic water soluble substance having an emulsifying effect. The facility of slip is considerably higher than if the same amount of paraflin or the like were used alone,

since a high degree of hydrophily is attained involving constant slipperiness. This condition is known to arise when mineral oil and water meet and the facility of slipis suddenly increased. By producing hydrophily, it thus becomes possible to obtain not only highly stable and therefore easily removable lubricant emulsions, but, in addition, to increase the facility of slip to the degree of slipperiness which will be constantly maintained, owing to the hydrophily produced. Furthermore, during the working of textiles, and particularly during spinning, the rooms must be kept moist all the time to make working possible or to prevent loss and waste, but the use of lubricant emulsions according to the invention will increase the water absorbing capacity of textiles'to such a degree that moistening can be reduced or dispensed with. This is of inestimable value, especially with respect to the life of the machinery.

Besides paraflins and waxes, other hydrophobic substances insoluble in water, such as fatty oils, e. g., olive oil, arachis oil and palm oil, or fats like tallow and japan wax or waxlike substances like spermacetic oil, deodorized blubber, spermaceti,and even mineral oils may be employed without fear of complications, as all these substances can be removed from the textiles by a simple washing out process.

As hydrophilic emulsifying agents insoluble in water serve compounds which polarly carry one or several hydrophilic. groups, such as the hydroxyl group, the acid amide groups, the carbon drop obic trize fatsahke n users obtained by: arsenals-Isis :wne

' ts an triglycerides mas mensmcerzees; was f The 32-11533 as possess .ah i e f i cerides: are hydrnphilidiis'in etime'si t ears beanie-gentler s more? than? eight certain atoms l ke are a essyg menuenee ntensely-sen es :and% n1 giy'ee rieie's aii d the oieer lglyimit ester; ELikewi-S r aliphatic acid a'm'id'es' can be ma'de use of, such .as the carbon amides including stearyl amide,

oleoyl amide, lauroylaminopropionoyl amide, pro,- pionoylaminopropionoylaminomethyl amide, and

palmitoylethanol amide, and also the sulfamides comprising tetradecane sulfamide, hexadecanesulfoethanol amide, hexanesulfoaminoethanesul-.

octa'decane-sulfacidcompounds serve, as a rule, salts, alkaline salts.

and those of salt-forming nitrogenous inorganic or organic bases of the aliphatic carboxylic acids and aliphatic sulfa-acids having eight or more carbon atoms, in so far as they possess emulsifying properties, e. g., the soaps: palmitic sodium or potassium, oleate of potash or 'oleate of sodium, lauric sodium or potassium, oleate and bioleate of ammonium, triethanol amine, sodium stearo-sulfonate, and pyridine lauro-sulfonate. Equally useful are the corresponding salts of the esters of sulfuric acid which are derived from the aliphatic alcohols having eight and more carbon atoms, such as the sodium salt of the ester of hexadecanol-sulfuric acid, the ammonium salt of the ester of octadecanol-sulfuric acid, the sodium salt of ricino-sulfacid, the diammonium salt of the ester of chloroctadecanolsulfo-sulfuric acid, the potassium or trlethanolamine salt oi. the ester of octadecenoylmethylaminoethanolsulfuric acid. Among the suitable salts of sulfacid are those of octadecenoylmethylaminoethane-sulfacld and hexadecanesulfaminoethaneyiax ee With: surmise n trogen sought for thebrenes's also see-saw. w ig t at :wmim m ii m fia I a i that 50 sodium 5 etraieecaaelsnltete have? The; emuis sn; terms ins a t ne us w'ith '60 parts by weight or 5mm of a melting point of 4042 C. are added in molten condition,

Example 3 10 parts by weight of paraflln flakes and 10 parts by weight of technical flnely crystalline spermaceti are fused with 10 parts by weight 01 wool grease alcohol obtained from grease by fusing with a high percent soda lye. The fused mass is added in a thin Jet tola solution, heated to. 60

, sh e p rms e a me i m n ire melted; teeether; wtth 'i parts by C., of 5 parts by weight of sodium octadecenoylmethylaminoethanesulfonate in 150 parts of The wool grease alcohol can be advantageously replaced in this formula by one of the aliphatic alcohols mentioned or by an amide, e. g., oleoylaminoethanol.

Example 4 combing takes place as usual, the comber waste being 10% to 20% less than if arachis oil had been used.

Example In working wool top into slubbing, the former is sprinkled with 0.6% of the lubricant described in Example 2, drafted in the slubbing department and spun say on ring frames. served that thread breakages were reduced 20% It has been ob-- addition, the material possesses a much greater heat insulating capacity.

The term parafin, as used in the appended claims, is to be understood as including any essentially paraffinlike substance performing the functions of paraflin in the compound as claimed. Numerous examples of equivalent materials have been given above.

We claim:-'-

l. A new product for increasing the facility of 10 40% compared f l l p g slip of textile material, consisting of an emulsion with 0.9% of an emulsion of arachis oil in bioleate of paraffin said paramn having hydrophobic and of ammonium in water. Moreover, the textile Slip producing properties and further being mabenal holds higmsmlcally about 50% more soluble in water; a hydrophilic polar substance l 59 'fi molstemng can be Wholly or partly insoluble in water having an alkyl radical of at 15 1596mm least 10 carbon atoms and a hydrophilic group Example 6 chosen from the group of radicals which conw 7 1 sists of the hydroxyl, the acid amide, the sulphreaoning the shipping department, wooiamide and the carbamide radicals; and a hydro 2o to? passes through three troughs imposed one philic water soluble polar compound comprising behind the other and containing 3 to 5% of an emulsion of a salt of an organic acid having emulsifying properties and carrying an alkyl group having at least Kimgmms 10 carbon atoms as parafiinlike pole and an acid Ethel, 501191 15 group characterized by solubility in water.

Etna}, liquld 15 2. A new product for increasing the facility of 25 318110 33 slip of textile material, consisting of an emulsion 50 per cent petash lye 19 of paraffin, said parafiin having hydrophobic and soft paraffin 55 slip producing properties and further being insollivat/fil 146T uble in water, an aliphatic acid amide whose al- 3') The top is thoroughly squeezed out by rollers and liyl radical contains at least 10 carbon atoms and other heatable rollers then remove most of the ex-- Whose acid nitrogen i 1 cess moisture. The top is then conveyed to the drogen atom Furect combmalfion' sald amide slubbing department where it is drafted and spun having klydmphlhc polar prpert1?s,and being in the usual way. Thread breakage is reduced to Somme m Water; and hyfimphmc Water solu' about 50 %-70%, and the material obtained pos 9 jompound ctjmpmsmg l of an organsesses furthermore a degree of elasticity which is m acid Having emulsliymgpmpertles and carry" about 25% bighal, than in W001 tops impregnated ing an alltyl group having at least 10 carbon atoms according to the process stated in the preceding a l? and an and group characterexample with an aqueous emulsion of arachis oil by Solummy m l L in bioleate of ammonium. The behavior of the A newpmduct for faculty. of 40 material with respect to dyeing will not be of tfxme material e an imulslon iected by the application of the lubricant. i paramn Baum? navmg hymphdiic i slip producing properties and further being in- Exampie 7 soluble in water; a hydrophilic polar substance 4? insoluble in water carrying an alkyl radical hav- Artificial sills is treated with an emulsion of parafi-ln, cetyl alcohol, linseed oil, are soap pre- 5; g lggg igg 2: i fg gg i g g 21 g: lfg gg i sifgfigg g s s 12 5 2 2 3 compound having emulsifying properties; and e I Q a S l J comprising the salt of a sulphuric acid es er of so the results will be PP 3 an aliphatic alcohol having at least 10 carbon 56 er. Furthermore, the lubricant can be completely removed from the material and the spun product dyed without any risk of failure and waste. In

atoms.

EHRHART FRANZ. MAX HARDTMANN.

2,100,845r-Eh1hd1'i Franz, Leipzig,

Germany. PRODUCT FOR INCREASING Patent dated November 30, 1937.

and Max Hardt'marm, Naunhof, near Leipzig,

THE SLIP or TEXTILE MATERIALs. Disclaimer filed February 7, 1941, by

the assignee, American Hyalsol Corporation. Hereby enters this disclaimer to claim 3 in said specification, and to that portion of claim 1 in which the hydrophilic group is chosen from. the group of radicals which consists of the hydroxyl and specifically by disclaiming the Words the hydroxyl which appear on page 3, second column, line 18 of said Letters Patent.

[Qfict'al Gazette March 11, 1941.]