US2100385A - Treatment of textile and other materials - Google Patents
Treatment of textile and other materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2100385A US2100385A US17487A US1748735A US2100385A US 2100385 A US2100385 A US 2100385A US 17487 A US17487 A US 17487A US 1748735 A US1748735 A US 1748735A US 2100385 A US2100385 A US 2100385A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- viscose
- materials
- treatment
- threads
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 22
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 32
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 32
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 9
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical class CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 ribbons Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 102000040650 (ribonucleotides)n+m Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 description 1
- HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCO HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004150 EU approved colour Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Natural products OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940006093 opthalmologic coloring agent diagnostic Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000485 pigmenting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/05—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in the treatment of textile and other materials, and is more particularly concerned with the treatment of artificial filaments, threads, fabrics, ribbons and films composed of cellulose derivatives or of mixed threads and fabrics containing such artificial filaments or threads.
- the impregnation of cellulose derivative filaments, threads, fabrics, ribbons, films and the like with cellulose is effected by a process whichcomvprises treating such materials in a swollen condition with a viscose solution.
- the materials are treated with a swelling agent prior to the application of the viscous solution.
- the swelling agent particularly when applied before the viscose solution, maybe of such a character that it has the property of precipitating viscose, for example in the form of a xanthate.
- Such swelling agents are in general organic liquids. Some of them, for example alcohol, may be used without dilution since they are non-solvents for cellulose derivatives or for certain cellulose derivatives.
- other organic precipitating agents for viscose for example acetic acid, must be diluted for example with water, benzene or the like, so as to prevent solution of the cellulose derivative.
- the precipitating or incipient precipitating action upon the viscose is of advantage, .since in addition toanchoring the xanthate upon the filament, fabric, film or like material, it enables the material so impregnated to be given a light wash before conversion of the xanthate' to cellulose, with the result that it is very easy to prevent filaments in a yarn from sticking together and to prevent interstices of? a fabric being filled with cellulose not desired.
- swelling agents for the purpose of the present invention the following may be instanced: methyl or ethyl alcohol; acids, for example formic acid, acetic acid, lactic acld and the like; esters, for example methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, etc.
- ketones for instance acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and diacetone alcohol
- cyclic ethers for instance methylene ethylene ether, dloxane and their homologues and substitution products, 1.4-oxanone and its homologues and substitution products and similar cyclic ethers
- certain ethers, esters or ether-esters of olefine or polyolefine glycols or other polyhydric alcohols for example monoor di-methyl ethylene glycol, glycol monoacetate, methyl glycol acetate and monoor di-acetin
- aqueous solutions of thiocyanates for example monoor di-methyl ethylene glycol, glycol monoacetate, methyl glycol acetate and monoor di-acetin
- the material made of or containing the cellulose derivative may be soaked, sprayed or otherwise treated with the swelling agent, and, with or without intermediate washing, impregnated with the viscose, which, as previously explained, may advantageously be of a low concentration, for example containing under 4% of cellulose and especially up to 2% of cellulose, and may finally be treated with an agent which converts the viscose into cellulose, for example mineral acids, strong organic acids, acid salts and the like.
- Gaseous or vaporous converting agents for example steam, hydrochloric acid gas and the like, may be used.
- the swelling agent for the cellulose derivative may itself be capable of converting the viscose into cellulose, in which case it is merely necessary to wash the material after the impregnation with viscose.
- an agent is, for Y example, hydrochloric acid which in concentrated solution has the property of swelling cellulose acetate and at the same time can convert viscose into cellulose.
- the material may be impregnated'with any de- I sired proportion of cellulose. Very small proportions may merely serve to raise the safe ironing point of the materials under treatment or to decrease the tendency of knitted fabrics to ladder or split or of woven fabrics to slip, while somewhat greater proportions may be applied for the purpose bf enabling the materials to be 'dyed with cotton colours, as explained in British Patent No. 323,521.
- the cellulose may, if desired, be applied so asv fabric, which is of advantage for certain applications, for example for shoe fabrics.
- the viscose to be applied in accordance with the present invention may contain, in addition to sodium cellulose xanthate or equivalent cellulose xanthate, any other desired substance, for example glycols, glycerine, oleaginous substances or other softening agents, or mineral or organic filling, pigmenting or colouring agents, for example barium sulphate, titanium oxide, carbon black, ochre and thelike.
- any other desired substance for example glycols, glycerine, oleaginous substances or other softening agents, or mineral or organic filling, pigmenting or colouring agents, for example barium sulphate, titanium oxide, carbon black, ochre and thelike.
- the invention further; includes the local application of viscose to fabrics or other materials.
- the material may be uniformly swollen by immersion in or spraying with a suitable swelling agent and the viscose subsequently applied locally thereto, for example by means of printing rollers or the like.
- Example 1 Cellulose acetate threads in sheet form are run successively through a bath containing 75% ethanol at 40 C. and one containinga solution of viscose containing 1 -2% cellulose, the speed Example 2 room temperature, and then, also for 1-2 minutes, with a solution of viscose containing l-1 cellulose, after which the fabric is given a light wash.
- the fabric is then subjected to treatment with 60% benzene sulphonic acid, or other agent suitable for regenerating cellulose from the viscose carried by the fabric, and then thoroughly washed in water and dried.
- Process for impregnating cellulose derivative filaments, threads, yarn and like materials with cellulose which comprises subjecting said mateterials to the action of an organic liquid which swells said cellulose derivative, treating said materials with a viscose solution containing less than 2% of cellulose, said organic liquid having a precipitating action on said viscose solution, subjecting said materials to a light wash whereby the sticking together of the filaments or threads is prevented and then regenerating the cellulose from the viscose carried by said materials.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Description
ateted on. 3Q, 3937 TREATMENT or 'rnx'rmn AND ornnn m'rnas Henry Dreyfus, London, England No Drawing, Application April 20, 1935, Serial No. 17,487. In Great Britain May 22, 1934 2 ill-aims.
This invention relates to improvements in the treatment of textile and other materials, and is more particularly concerned with the treatment of artificial filaments, threads, fabrics, ribbons and films composed of cellulose derivatives or of mixed threads and fabrics containing such artificial filaments or threads.
According to the present invention the impregnation of cellulose derivative filaments, threads, fabrics, ribbons, films and the like with cellulose is effected by a process whichcomvprises treating such materials in a swollen condition with a viscose solution. Preferably the materials are treated with a swelling agent prior to the application of the viscous solution.
ment, or to apply either low or high proportions using low concentrations of cellulose in the viscose solution. These low concentrations of cellulose are of advantage in minimizing or eliminating cementing of individual filaments together in the treatment of yarns.
The swelling agent, particularly when applied before the viscose solution, maybe of such a character that it has the property of precipitating viscose, for example in the form of a xanthate. Such swelling agents are in general organic liquids. Some of them, for example alcohol, may be used without dilution since they are non-solvents for cellulose derivatives or for certain cellulose derivatives. On the other hand, other organic precipitating agents for viscose, for example acetic acid, must be diluted for example with water, benzene or the like, so as to prevent solution of the cellulose derivative. Whichever type of swelling agent be used, the precipitating or incipient precipitating action upon the viscose is of advantage, .since in addition toanchoring the xanthate upon the filament, fabric, film or like material, it enables the material so impregnated to be given a light wash before conversion of the xanthate' to cellulose, with the result that it is very easy to prevent filaments in a yarn from sticking together and to prevent interstices of? a fabric being filled with cellulose not desired.
where this is As suitable swelling agents for the purpose of the present invention the following may be instanced:methyl or ethyl alcohol; acids, for example formic acid, acetic acid, lactic acld and the like; esters, for example methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, etc. ketones, for instance acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and diacetone alcohol; cyclic ethers, for instance methylene ethylene ether, dloxane and their homologues and substitution products, 1.4-oxanone and its homologues and substitution products and similar cyclic ethers; certain ethers, esters or ether-esters of olefine or polyolefine glycols or other polyhydric alcohols, for example monoor di-methyl ethylene glycol, glycol monoacetate, methyl glycol acetate and monoor di-acetin; and aqueous solutions of thiocyanates,
zinc chloride and other inorganic bodies having a solvent or swelling action upon cellulose derivatives.
The material made of or containing the cellulose derivative may be soaked, sprayed or otherwise treated with the swelling agent, and, with or without intermediate washing, impregnated with the viscose, which, as previously explained, may advantageously be of a low concentration, for example containing under 4% of cellulose and especially up to 2% of cellulose, and may finally be treated with an agent which converts the viscose into cellulose, for example mineral acids, strong organic acids, acid salts and the like. Gaseous or vaporous converting agents, for example steam, hydrochloric acid gas and the like, may be used.
As an alternative the swelling agent for the cellulose derivative may itself be capable of converting the viscose into cellulose, in which case it is merely necessary to wash the material after the impregnation with viscose. Such an agent is, for Y example, hydrochloric acid which in concentrated solution has the property of swelling cellulose acetate and at the same time can convert viscose into cellulose.
. The material may be impregnated'with any de- I sired proportion of cellulose. Very small proportions may merely serve to raise the safe ironing point of the materials under treatment or to decrease the tendency of knitted fabrics to ladder or split or of woven fabrics to slip, while somewhat greater proportions may be applied for the purpose bf enabling the materials to be 'dyed with cotton colours, as explained in British Patent No. 323,521.
to fill up or form a film over the interstices of a The cellulose may, if desired, be applied so asv fabric, which is of advantage for certain applications, for example for shoe fabrics.
The viscose to be applied in accordance with the present invention may contain, in addition to sodium cellulose xanthate or equivalent cellulose xanthate, any other desired substance, for example glycols, glycerine, oleaginous substances or other softening agents, or mineral or organic filling, pigmenting or colouring agents, for example barium sulphate, titanium oxide, carbon black, ochre and thelike.
The invention further; includes the local application of viscose to fabrics or other materials.
Thus, the material may be uniformly swollen by immersion in or spraying with a suitable swelling agent and the viscose subsequently applied locally thereto, for example by means of printing rollers or the like.
The following examples illustrate the invention, but it is to be understood that these examples are given .solely by way of illustration and are in no way limitative.
Example 1 Cellulose acetate threads in sheet form are run successively through a bath containing 75% ethanol at 40 C. and one containinga solution of viscose containing 1 -2% cellulose, the speed Example 2 room temperature, and then, also for 1-2 minutes, with a solution of viscose containing l-1 cellulose, after which the fabric is given a light wash.
The fabric is then subjected to treatment with 60% benzene sulphonic acid, or other agent suitable for regenerating cellulose from the viscose carried by the fabric, and then thoroughly washed in water and dried.
What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-
1. Process for impregnating cellulose derivative filaments, threads, yarn and like materials with cellulose, which comprises subjecting said mateterials to the action of an organic liquid which swells said cellulose derivative, treating said materials with a viscose solution containing less than 2% of cellulose, said organic liquid having a precipitating action on said viscose solution, subjecting said materials to a light wash whereby the sticking together of the filaments or threads is prevented and then regenerating the cellulose from the viscose carried by said materials.
2. Process for impregnating cellulose acetate" filaments, threads, yarn and like materials with cellulose, which comprises subjecting said materials to the action of ethanol, treating said materials with a viscose solution containing less than 2% of cellulose, said ethanol having a precipitating action onsaid viscose solution, subjecting said materials to a light wash wherebythe sticking together of the filaments or threads is prevented,
' cose carried by said materials.
HENRY DREYFUS.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB15238/34A GB438724A (en) | 1934-05-22 | 1934-05-22 | Improvements in the treatment of artificial filaments, threads, films and the like |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2100385A true US2100385A (en) | 1937-11-30 |
Family
ID=10055498
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US17487A Expired - Lifetime US2100385A (en) | 1934-05-22 | 1935-04-20 | Treatment of textile and other materials |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2100385A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB438724A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3101276A (en) * | 1957-07-08 | 1963-08-20 | Du Pont | Process for grafting polymers to cellulose substrates |
| US4264662A (en) * | 1977-10-06 | 1981-04-28 | Avery International Corporation | Adhesive products having polymer-treated embrittled zones |
-
1934
- 1934-05-22 GB GB15238/34A patent/GB438724A/en not_active Expired
-
1935
- 1935-04-20 US US17487A patent/US2100385A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3101276A (en) * | 1957-07-08 | 1963-08-20 | Du Pont | Process for grafting polymers to cellulose substrates |
| US4264662A (en) * | 1977-10-06 | 1981-04-28 | Avery International Corporation | Adhesive products having polymer-treated embrittled zones |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB438724A (en) | 1935-11-22 |
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