US2099593A - Process for refining or separating electrically conductive liquids - Google Patents

Process for refining or separating electrically conductive liquids Download PDF

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Publication number
US2099593A
US2099593A US73972A US7397236A US2099593A US 2099593 A US2099593 A US 2099593A US 73972 A US73972 A US 73972A US 7397236 A US7397236 A US 7397236A US 2099593 A US2099593 A US 2099593A
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vessel
liquid
rotary
fleld
whirling
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Expired - Lifetime
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US73972A
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Bender Karl
Bunke Max
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Buderus AG
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BuderusSche Eisenwerke AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0009—Settling tanks making use of electricity or magnetism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
    • H02K44/02—Electrodynamic pumps
    • H02K44/06—Induction pumps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a procedure mrent. nd 818011; 18 Mb 1 have au m ti V UNITED STATES or electrical means are employed operating not vessel, that the resulting paraholoid of rotation only from outside but also inside the vessel, which will de ch Itself from e uctor upon the 15 conduce to the formation of a parabolold of roattainment of a predetermined rotary speed.
  • he current supply the rolo' material in the vessel has a-substantially annular 010888 h r ui ul ion according to the ment.
  • the dragging around of a mass located '11!!! m l ri l y i fl in h in the center and traversed by a field of low m l n llo ved density is avoided.
  • the dlsplacer In the latter case it is to b b- (in the displacer) or outside the vessel. If they server! that the electrical synchronism need not m s d h 11181116 n id h n h y necessarily be also a mechanical synchronism bemm rot!
  • n is rran 50 1 E9 is m 'Iheae considerations also holdsoodl'or the ar- 50 ,thm m 1 w wm fli n ranzenient of thepolyphase induced fields which hem i WW -li S fi in I usually run synchronously, but it my be so arf from a odem mi I. r f v .to'i'orr'n ptvlea In another lei-phage; orwith dlil'erent phases Three modi- Z example.
  • Inthedrawing ldesignatesthestationary nonmetailic centrifuging vessel for containing the melt, supplied through a chute I.
  • a stator 3 energised by polyphase current. surrounds the vessel. owingtotheactionottherotaryfleld,
  • the melt is set in rotation and forms a paraboloid rangement shown in Fig. 1 therefore permits uninterrupted operation, unpurifled cast iron, for example, being continuously supplied, and slag and purified iron being'continuously discharged at separate points.
  • the walls oithe triiuging vessel are in- 86 clined, the heaviest constituents move upwardly where they can be removed at the place most remote from the axis of rotation. Means for removal of such constituents may therefore also be furnished at this place or at any selected point.
  • I designates the supply conductor to the melt, this conductor terminating in a terminal I which is preterably streanined.
  • the conductor 1 is insulated by a refractory sleeve 0.
  • the conductor I and 45 terminal I may be hollow and water cooled, they mayconsist oi the same material as the melt. Similar considerations apply to the second conductor ll ending in a terminal ll arranged above the terminal I.
  • the current flows between the so terminals 0 and Ii, transverslng the outer region of the melt. At the diametrally opposite side it can be conveyed back in the reverse direction.
  • the inner surface or the paraboloid of rotation assumes such a position that it touches the ter- 55 minal ll.
  • the external and internal rotary fleld generators are each shown as having one pole for each of the phases I, II, III.
  • the external 65 rotary fleld generator is in star connection and the internal rotary fleld generator is in mesh connection.
  • rotor placed by a rotor driven by the external rotary fleld.
  • This rotor is sheathed wltha refractory and heat insulating jacket wholly or partlyenclosing it.
  • jacket is preferably provided with ribs extending into the melt to improve the nll f drive of the melt by,the rotor.
  • the rotor does GROSS REFERENCE Pig. 3 is a 'horizontalsection through the apparatus of Pig. 2, the electrical equipment and sufllci'ently protected against the action of the melt.
  • a stationary central displacer can be used containing an iron core to improve the magnetic flux.
  • a process for purifying and separating electrically conducting liquids whichare not decomposed under the influence of electricity comprising whirling the conducting liquid in a stationary vessel by the application to said liquid of a rotary magnetic fleld, and removing constituents oi diflerent speeiflc gravity from parts of the paraboloid of revolution formed by the whirling liquid, at different distances from the axis of rotation.
  • a process for purifying and separating electrically conducting fluids which are not decomposed under the influence or electricity comprising rotating the fluid by a magnetic fleld and removing constituents of diiierent speciflc gravity. from various parts of the rotating fluid.
  • daprocessaccordingtoclaimLinwhichta the rotary fleld is generated by direct current iedintotheiiquidat aterminal orterminals rotating at the same speed as the rotary fleld.
  • Apparatus for purifyin and separating electrically conducting liquids which are not decomposed under the influence of electricity comprising a stationary vessel for the liquid, means for whirling the liquid in the vessel by the action of a rotary magnetic fleld, and means for withdrawingpartsoftheliquidiromcertainparts oi the whirling liquid.
  • Apparatus for purifying and separating electrically conducting liquids which are not decomposed-under the influence oi electricity comprisingastationaryvesseliortheliquid,means for whirling the liquid in the vessel by the action of a rotary magnetic fleld, an outlet for lower speciflc gravity constituents, and an outlet for higher specific gravity constituents, said outlets 7o communicating with parts of the paraholoid of revolution formed by the whirling liquid, at difv.
  • Apparatus according to claim 11,11 which a chuteis provided for supplying iresh liquid into is SEARCH ROOM thevessei arrangedtodelivertangentialiyto the inner surface 01' the paraboloid.
  • Apparatus according to-claim 11 in which the means for producing a rotary magnetic field capable of whirling the liquid are provided both externally and internally of the vessel, and in which a displacer is provided in which the internal field producing means is placed.
  • Apparatus according to claim 11 in which the means for producing a rotary magnetic field capable of whirling the liquid are provided both externally and internally oi the vessel, and in which a displacer is provided in which the internal field producing means is placed. said dispiacer being in the form of a rotor.
  • a displace:- is provided in which the internalfieldproducingmeansisplaoedsaiddisplacerbeingintheiormoiarotorhaving ribs an the outer surface to assist the whirl of the quid.
  • Apparatus according to claim 11 in which the means for producing a rotary magnetic field capable of whirling the liquid are provided both externally and internally of the vessel, and in which terminals are provided in the liquid.
  • Apparatus according to claim 11 in which one of the outlets is provided adjacent the axis 01 the vessel for the lower specific gravity constituents and the other outlet for the higher specific gravity constituents is near the periphery the means for producing a rotary magnetic field oi the vesel. capable of whirling the liquid are provided both KARL BENDER. externally and internally oi the vessel. and in MAX BUNKIL.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Description

3R UKUDD ut oLHnuu Uuza;
FIPSSOE XR 2%8399593 --Nov. 16, 1937. K. BENDER El Al. ,9
PRQCESS FOR REFINIRG 0R SEPARATING ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE LIQUIDS Filed A ril 11, 19 6 KIu'Z Bender and Max Bun/re .1. o z ioeassi PATENT OFFICE v qraooass Foa REFINmG on surname 4 amcrmcmr OONDUC'I'IVI LIQUIDS Karl Bender, Wehlar an derhim, In:
' Bunlre, Tietenbaeh Krelo Wetflu, m
assixnors to Budenu'lehe Ellenwerke, Wetflar, Qermnm'. a m of ermany Application April u, use, semi No. 13.: I
In ermany pril 12. 1.85
2. claim. (CI. llU-l) It is known to purify or separate liquids. and developed by mechanical regulation of a polar also metal melts, by centrifuging. It has also held. been proposed to develop the rotational move- The passing of a current through the melt coni ment of the melt by the application of an elecstitutes the simplest manner of locating the m- 5 trlc rotary field. The use of an electric rotary ar! field xeneratlng means partly into the ves- 5 field olfers the advantage that the vessel con-. ael. The whirling moment on the meltis thereby F Q tainin the melt is st t increased, the melt is heated by the passage or the The present invention relates to a procedure mrent. nd 818011; 18 Mb 1 have au m ti V UNITED STATES or electrical means are employed operating not vessel, that the resulting paraholoid of rotation only from outside but also inside the vessel, which will de ch Itself from e uctor upon the 15 conduce to the formation of a parabolold of roattainment of a predetermined rotary speed.
he current supply the rolo' material in the vessel has a-substantially annular 010888 h r ui ul ion according to the ment. The dragging around of a mass located '11!!! m l ri l y i fl in h in the center and traversed by a field of low m l n llo ved density is avoided. The dlsplacer In the latter case it is to b b- (in the displacer) or outside the vessel. If they server! that the electrical synchronism need not m s d h 11181116 n id h n h y necessarily be also a mechanical synchronism bemm rot! wi h al d- If n is rran 50 1 E9 is m 'Iheae considerations also holdsoodl'or the ar- 50 ,thm m 1 w wm fli n ranzenient of thepolyphase induced fields which hem i WW -li S fi in I usually run synchronously, but it my be so arf from a odem mi I. r f v .to'i'orr'n ptvlea In another lei-phage; orwith dlil'erent phases Three modi- Z example.
inthe in l 'igure lisavertical secflonalviewshowing theflrstarrangement.
'- 5 1'ig.2isasimilar:viewo!thesecondmodiflcatioh, and
its arrangement being shown diagrammatically.
Inthedrawing,ldesignatesthestationary nonmetailic centrifuging vessel for containing the melt, supplied through a chute I. A stator 3 energised by polyphase current. surrounds the vessel. owingtotheactionottherotaryfleld,
' 16 the melt is set in rotation and forms a paraboloid rangement shown in Fig. 1 therefore permits uninterrupted operation, unpurifled cast iron, for example, being continuously supplied, and slag and purified iron being'continuously discharged at separate points.
I! the walls oithe triiuging vessel are in- 86 clined, the heaviest constituents move upwardly where they can be removed at the place most remote from the axis of rotation. Means for removal of such constituents may therefore also be furnished at this place or at any selected point.
do In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, I designates the supply conductor to the melt, this conductor terminating in a terminal I which is preterably streanined. The conductor 1 is insulated by a refractory sleeve 0. The conductor I and 45 terminal I may be hollow and water cooled, they mayconsist oi the same material as the melt. similar considerations apply to the second conductor ll ending in a terminal ll arranged above the terminal I. The current flows between the so terminals 0 and Ii, transverslng the outer region of the melt. At the diametrally opposite side it can be conveyed back in the reverse direction. The inner surface or the paraboloid of rotation assumes such a position that it touches the ter- 55 minal ll.
In the modification shown in Fig. 2 the center space of the centrifuging vessel is occupied by a hollow displacer ll inside which a second rotary fleld generator I! is disposed- 1he rotary fleld 60 generators I and 43 may be replaced by driven rings of magnetic poles.
.In Fig. 3 the external and internal rotary fleld generators are each shown as having one pole for each of the phases I, II, III. The external 65 rotary fleld generator is in star connection and the internal rotary fleld generator is in mesh connection.
-The internal stationary or driven rotary fleld generator I! with its container Il may be. re-
l, 70 placed by a rotor driven by the external rotary fleld. This rotor is sheathed wltha refractory and heat insulating jacket wholly or partlyenclosing it. 'Ihe, jacket is preferably provided with ribs extending into the melt to improve the nll f drive of the melt by,the rotor. The rotor does GROSS REFERENCE Pig. 3 is a 'horizontalsection through the apparatus of Pig. 2, the electrical equipment and sufllci'ently protected against the action of the melt. The rotormaybeannular. Itmayalso be 5 used merely as an electric whirling device for mixing metal melts. Also a stationary central displacer can be used containing an iron core to improve the magnetic flux.
We claim as our invention: 1
1. A process for purifying and separating electrically conducting liquids whichare not decomposed under the influence of electricity, comprising whirling the conducting liquid in a stationary vessel by the application to said liquid of a rotary magnetic fleld, and removing constituents oi diflerent speeiflc gravity from parts of the paraboloid of revolution formed by the whirling liquid, at different distances from the axis of rotation.
2. A process for purifying and separating electrically conducting fluids which are not decomposed under the influence or electricity, comprising rotating the fluid by a magnetic fleld and removing constituents of diiierent speciflc gravity. from various parts of the rotating fluid.
3.Aprocessaccordingtoclaim1,inwhichthe step is included 0! eontimiously s pplying rresh liquid tangentially at the inner surface of the pamboloid and continuomly removing the sepso arated constituents.
.4. A process according to claim 1, in which the rotary magnetic fleld is generated from the outside and from the inside oi the stationary vessel. 86 r 5. A-processaccordingtoclaim Linwhich the liquid is displaced from the middle oi the container prior to the formation oi the paraboloid oi revolution:
daprocessaccordingtoclaimLinwhichta the rotary fleld is generated by direct current iedintotheiiquidat aterminal orterminals rotating at the same speed as the rotary fleld.
7. Aprocessaccordingtoclaiml,inwhichthe rotary fleld is generated by mechanically rotatmg a polar fleld.
.contact in the electric circuit supplying the current which produces the rotation.
10. Apparatus for purifyin and separating electrically conducting liquids which are not decomposed under the influence of electricity, comprisinga stationary vessel for the liquid, means for whirling the liquid in the vessel by the action of a rotary magnetic fleld, and means for withdrawingpartsoftheliquidiromcertainparts oi the whirling liquid.
11. Apparatus for purifying and separating electrically conducting liquids which are not decomposed-under the influence oi electricity. comprisingastationaryvesseliortheliquid,means for whirling the liquid in the vessel by the action of a rotary magnetic fleld, an outlet for lower speciflc gravity constituents, and an outlet for higher specific gravity constituents, said outlets 7o communicating with parts of the paraholoid of revolution formed by the whirling liquid, at difv.
ferent distances from the axis of rotation. ..1.' p
12. Apparatus according to claim 11,11: which a chuteis provided for supplying iresh liquid into is SEARCH ROOM thevessei arrangedtodelivertangentialiyto the inner surface 01' the paraboloid.
13. Apparatus according to claim 11, in which a displacer is provided in the center portion of the vessel. 4
14. Apparatus according to claim 11, in which the means for producing a rotary magnetic field capable of whirling the liquid are provided both externally and internally of the vessel.
15. Apparatus according to-claim 11, in which the means for producing a rotary magnetic field capable of whirling the liquid are provided both externally and internally of the vessel, and in which a displacer is provided in which the internal field producing means is placed.
16. Apparatus according to claim 11, in which the means for producing a rotary magnetic field capable of whirling the liquid are provided both externally and internally oi the vessel, and in which a displacer is provided in which the internal field producing means is placed. said dispiacer being in the form of a rotor.
17. Apparatus according to claim 11, in which which a displace:- is provided in which the internalfieldproducingmeansisplaoedsaiddisplacerbeingintheiormoiarotorhaving ribs an the outer surface to assist the whirl of the quid.
18. Apparatus according to claim 11, in which the means for producing a rotary magnetic field capable of whirling the liquid are provided both externally and internally of the vessel, and in which a dispiacer is provided in which the internal field producing means is placed. said displacer being in the form oi. a rotor which floats in the liquid.
19. Apparatus according to claim 11, in which the means for producing a rotary magnetic field capable of whirling the liquid are provided both externally and internally of the vessel, and in which terminals are provided in the liquid.
20. Apparatus according to claim 11, in which one of the outlets is provided adjacent the axis 01 the vessel for the lower specific gravity constituents and the other outlet for the higher specific gravity constituents is near the periphery the means for producing a rotary magnetic field oi the vesel. capable of whirling the liquid are provided both KARL BENDER. externally and internally oi the vessel. and in MAX BUNKIL.
I I i
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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416824A (en) * 1942-07-22 1947-03-04 Magnaflux Corp Method and means for magnetic inspection
US2550502A (en) * 1948-01-30 1951-04-24 Gen Electric Apparatus for purifying metals
US2573319A (en) * 1948-11-08 1951-10-30 Asea Ab Inductive stirring
US2583438A (en) * 1947-09-05 1952-01-22 Henry W Nieman Method and apparatus for eliminating impurities from metals which are in a fluid state
US2596743A (en) * 1945-10-06 1952-05-13 Theophile I S Vermeiren Electric device
US2611693A (en) * 1948-03-31 1952-09-23 Geyer Wallace Thomas Method for refining molten metal
US2665319A (en) * 1949-05-24 1954-01-05 Asea Ab Metallurgical furnace having a stirring winding
US2722624A (en) * 1952-04-21 1955-11-01 Machlett Lab Inc Electron tube
US2915973A (en) * 1953-08-18 1959-12-08 Jacquelyn M Findlay Apparatus for pumping liquid metal
US2928349A (en) * 1953-09-16 1960-03-15 Nat Res Corp Pump
US3026731A (en) * 1960-08-30 1962-03-27 Speidel Corp Magnetohydrodynamic gyroscope
US3080763A (en) * 1960-11-23 1963-03-12 Speidel Ind Division Inc Gyroscope device
US3187672A (en) * 1963-01-25 1965-06-08 North American Aviation Inc Electromagnetic pump
US3197402A (en) * 1957-11-20 1965-07-27 Ruskin Dan Methods for the rapid recovery of heavy water and other products
US3203768A (en) * 1961-08-01 1965-08-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp Apparatus of zone refining and controlling solute segregation in solidifying melts by electromagnetic means
US3574485A (en) * 1958-11-28 1971-04-13 Broido Louis Method and apparatus for movement of liquids by electromagnetic means
EP0234536A1 (en) * 1986-02-24 1987-09-02 Asea Ab Method for separation of inclusions in molten metal and device for carrying out the method
EP3160023A1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2017-04-26 Ersa GmbH Solder pump

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2416824A (en) * 1942-07-22 1947-03-04 Magnaflux Corp Method and means for magnetic inspection
US2596743A (en) * 1945-10-06 1952-05-13 Theophile I S Vermeiren Electric device
US2583438A (en) * 1947-09-05 1952-01-22 Henry W Nieman Method and apparatus for eliminating impurities from metals which are in a fluid state
US2550502A (en) * 1948-01-30 1951-04-24 Gen Electric Apparatus for purifying metals
US2611693A (en) * 1948-03-31 1952-09-23 Geyer Wallace Thomas Method for refining molten metal
US2573319A (en) * 1948-11-08 1951-10-30 Asea Ab Inductive stirring
US2665319A (en) * 1949-05-24 1954-01-05 Asea Ab Metallurgical furnace having a stirring winding
US2722624A (en) * 1952-04-21 1955-11-01 Machlett Lab Inc Electron tube
US2915973A (en) * 1953-08-18 1959-12-08 Jacquelyn M Findlay Apparatus for pumping liquid metal
US2928349A (en) * 1953-09-16 1960-03-15 Nat Res Corp Pump
US3197402A (en) * 1957-11-20 1965-07-27 Ruskin Dan Methods for the rapid recovery of heavy water and other products
US3574485A (en) * 1958-11-28 1971-04-13 Broido Louis Method and apparatus for movement of liquids by electromagnetic means
US3026731A (en) * 1960-08-30 1962-03-27 Speidel Corp Magnetohydrodynamic gyroscope
US3080763A (en) * 1960-11-23 1963-03-12 Speidel Ind Division Inc Gyroscope device
US3203768A (en) * 1961-08-01 1965-08-31 Westinghouse Electric Corp Apparatus of zone refining and controlling solute segregation in solidifying melts by electromagnetic means
US3187672A (en) * 1963-01-25 1965-06-08 North American Aviation Inc Electromagnetic pump
EP0234536A1 (en) * 1986-02-24 1987-09-02 Asea Ab Method for separation of inclusions in molten metal and device for carrying out the method
EP3160023A1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2017-04-26 Ersa GmbH Solder pump
US10166619B2 (en) 2015-10-21 2019-01-01 Ersa Gmbh Soldering pump

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