US1568848A

US1568848A - Starting switch

Info

Publication number: US1568848A
Application number: US666799A
Authority: US
Inventors: Kellendorfer Richard
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1923-10-05
Filing date: 1923-10-05
Publication date: 1926-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 1943-01-05

Description

Jan. 5 1926.

R. KELLENDORFER STARTING SWITCH Filed Oct.

Patented Jan. 5, 1926.

UNITED STATES RICHARD KELLENDORFER, OF MUNICH, GERMANY.

STARTING- SWITCH.

Application filed October 5, 1923. Serial No. 666,799.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, RICHARD KnLLnN- nonrnn, a citizen of Bavaria, Germany, residing at Munich, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Starting Switches (for which I have filed application in Germany Oct. 2, 1922), of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in electric circuit makers and breakers and more particularly to an improved switch for use in starting electric apparatus.

The starting switch consists of a rocking casing containing a carbon resistance or the like, said casing and cooperating conduits, containing an electricity conducting liquid, which rises on the'resistance when the casing is moved to a predetermined position, and thus gradually cuts out the resistance or decreases the latter until the liquid reaches a conductor forming part of the switch. The electric conducting liquid is preferably quick silver.

The switch according to the invention may be employed for starting direct current, alternating current or tri-phase current motors or apparatus, and may be inserted in the circuit of the stator or rotor of a motor.

One advantage of the invention is that the shape of the resistance and of the conduits or receptacles for the conducting liquid, may be varied as desired to permit a predetermined manner of starting a particular apparatus or motor.

The invention will now be described in detail while referring to the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a switch constructed in accordance with the invention, while occupying the position which it assumes in making a circuit.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same.

Figs. 3 and 4 are diagrammatic views of the switch, in the circuit of a continuous or direct current motor and a tri-phase induc tion motor respectively.

The switch comprises a hollow casing 104 carried by a rock shaft 1.00, supported in a plate 101, and connected, if desired, with a handle to be used in oscillating the casing. The entire switch, in action is preferably rockable through an angle of about degrees, as shown in Fig. 1 by the arrow 102.

The casinghouses a solid resistance 103, preferably formed of carbon, and this resistance has its lower portion of inverted cone shape and its upper portion of cylindrical shape. The casing 104 is also preferably of cone shape and is spaced from the cone shaped portion of the resistance, so that a conducting fluid 107 may flow down the conduit 105 and rise into the annular chamber 125, when the switch is in the position shown in Fig. 1. The conducting liquid is normally contained in a chamber 106 which communicates with the upper portion of the chamber 125, through a duct 108.

The resistance 103 is insulated from the casing 104 and is fixed in the latter by means of an inverted insulating cup 109 which ongages an inverted cup 110 of current conducting material, the latter engaging the head portion of the resistance 103. The conductor 110 is provided with a conducting contact 112 which projects into a pocket formed at the lower portion of a vessel 111, which is mounted in insulation at the upper end of the casing 104. Two

other contacts

114 and 115 project into the vessel 111 and are respectively connected with

terminal posts

116 and 117, which are insulated from the casing. The apparatus or motor or parts of these, which is to be started, is arranged between one of said terminal posts and the wire, and such arrangements are diagrammatically shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The vessel 111 is also partly filled with an electric conducting liquid, for instance quick silver.

Referring to Fig. 3, it is pointed out that the main wires 118 and 119 are connected to

master switches

120 and 121, the latter being connected with a motor, whose field winding 122 is connected in parallel with its rotorwinding 123. The

switches

120 and 121 may be of the type automatically actuated by means of the same handle, as is employed to rock my improved switch. The starting switch is shown diagrammatically at 124 and it is interposed between the master switch 121 and the rotor 123.

In Fig. 4 a tri-phase induction motor is illustrated. In this figure the main line wires 37 are connected to master switches which in turn are wired with the stator winding 34. The rotor winding (not shown) is connected with three starting. switches 1 containing the resistances 2, 3 and 4. Each of these starting switches is of the same general type illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. These resistances 2, 3 and 4 are successively cutout by means o'f'the conductor 38.

uid 107 occupies the chamber 106 and there is no conducting liquid in contact with tie resistance 103. By tipping or rocking the starter in a counter clockwise direction, to the position shown in Fig. 1, the switch is brought into a position, where the liquid 107 will flow downwardly through the pipe 105 into the lower end of the chamber 125 and gradually this chamber will be filled. As the wall of the casing 104 consists of electric conducting material, the slowly rising liquid in the chamber 125 will complete a circuit through the resistance 103, and this resistance will be gradually decreased until the liquid reaches the lower end of the conductor 110, at which time the resistance will be entirely cut out. At this time the cap 110 is directly connected with the wall 10% by the conducting liquid. From the foregoing it may be seen that this switch first throws in a relatively great resistance, then gradually decreases this resistance, and finally cuts the resistance out altogether.

Vhen the starting switch is turned in the position shown in Fig. l, the conducting liquid in the vessel 111 flows over the

contacts

114i, 112 and 115, and first connects the contacts 11% and 112, and at the same time the current is flowing through the cap 110, resistance 103 and the terminal post 117, so that the main line current flows from the post 117 over the contacts 11st and 112, the sap 110, the resistance 103, the liquid in the space 125, to the wall oi the receptacle or casing 104i, and from this casing to the terminal post 106, which is connected to the apparatus or motor that is to be started. After this, the liquid in the ciiamber 111 flows to the contact 115 and thereby connects the main post 117 and the contact 114 with the contact 115, and the other post 116, which is used in special cases.

In the arrangement according to Fig. 3, the post 126 is connected to the rotor 123, while the post 116 is connected with the field winding 122. It may be seen that by tipping the switch to the position shown in Fig. 1, the field winding 122 is connected at once with the main line through the liquid ing switch is employed, in which the vessel 111 is omitted and the posts 116 and .117 are eliminated. In this :ase the posts 126 are connected respectively with the ends of the tri-phase rotor-winding, which is connected to

slide rings

39, 40 and all. In this case the resistances 2, 3 and. 1 are gradually cut out.

The starting switch is tipped by turning the axis 11, whereby the master switches 35 are first thrown in and the stator winding 3% receives at once the full voltage, while the resistances 2, 3 and 41- are slowly thrown out or gradually decreased by the rising of the liquid in the casings 1 of said resistances. hen it is desired to disconnect the apparatus or motor, the starting switch is turned degrees in a clockwise direction, and this causes the liquid 107 to flow out of the chamber 125 through the port 108 and pipe 105, back into the receptacle 106. At the same time the contacts 115, 1.12 and 11a are disconnected by the liquid in the vessel 111 flowing toward the right hand end of the latter.

What I claim and desire to secure by Let ters-Patent is:

1. An electric starting switch comprising a casing, a solid resistance arranged in the casing and spaced from the latter, a chamber containing conducting liquid only, and a conduit arranged exteriorly of the space between the casing and resistance and connecting the chamber to the casing, whereby when the casing, resistance, chamber and conduit are tipped, the conducting liquid will flow from the chamber into the casing and gradually decrease said resistance.

2. An electric starting switch comprising a casing including a current conducting portion, a resistance extending into the casing and movable with the latter, said resistance being spaced from the wall of the casing, a chamber containing a conducting liquid only, a conduit arranged outside of the space between the casing and resistance and casing, said chamber and conduit being also movable with the casing, whereby the tipping of the parts will cause the conducting liquid to flow from the chamber into the easing and gradually decrease said resistance.

3. An electric starting switch comprising a rockable casing having an electricity con ducting portion adapted to be connected to one wire 01 the electric circuih'a resistance arranged in the casing, movable with the latter and adapted to be connected to the other wire of an electric circuit, said resistance being spaced from the conducting portion of said casing, a chamber movable with the casing and containing an electric conducting liquid only, and a conduit arranged outside of the space between the casing and resistance and placing the interior of the casing in connnunication with said. chamber, whereby when the device is tipped in one direction conducting liquid will flow between the resistance and the conducting portion of said casing and gradually decrease or cut out said resistance, and when the device is tipped in an opposite direction, the conducting liquid will flow from the casing into said chamber.

4. An electric starting switch comprising a solid resistance adapted to be connected to one pole of an electric circuit, means for conveying a conducting liquid along said resistance to gradually decrease or cut out the latter when the resistance has been tipped to a predetermined position, said means being adapted to be connected to the other pole of said circuit, conducting liquid storing and conveying means arranged exteriorly of the first mentioned means, movable with the resistance and arranged to feed conducting liquid to the bottom of the first mentioned means, and a port placing the first mentioned means and the storing means in communication at their upper portions.

5. An electric starting switch comprising a solid resistance having an inverted coneshaped lower portion, a casing surrounding the lower portion of the resistance and having a conducting portion, a chamber containing conducting liquid only, and a conduit arranged exteriorly of said casing and connecting said chamber to the lower end of said casing.

6. An electric starting switch comprising a rockable resistance, a casing movable with said resistance, having an electricity conducting portion and adapted to convey a conducting liquid along the resistance for gradually cutting the latter out of a circuit, a chamber movable with said casing and containing a conducting liquid, a pipe connecting the chamber to said casing, a vessel movable with said casing and containing a conducting liquid and a plurality of contacts, means connecting one of said contacts electrically to said resistance, and terminal posts connected to the other con tacts.

7. An electric starting switch comprising a rockable solid resistance, conducting fluid conveying means extending along the resistance and provided with a conducting portion having a terminal post, a chamber movable with said resistance and containing a conducting liquid only, and a conduit arranged exteriorly of said means and placing said chamber in communication with said means, whereby when the resistance is tipped in one direction the conducting liquid will flow from the chamber into said means and gradually decrease or cut out said resistance.

8. An electric starting switch comprising a solid resistance adapted to be rocked about a horizontal axis, a metallic cap at the upper end of said resistance, a contact connected to said cap, conducting liquid conveying means movable with the resistance and arranged to feed conducting liquid along the resistance for gradually decreasing or cutting the latter out and finally bringing the conducting liquid into contact with the cap, a terminal post for said means, a chamber movable with the resistance and containing conducting liquid, and a conduit connecting the chamber to said means, whereby when the resistance is tippedin one direction, conducting liquid will flow from the chamber into said means.

9. An electric starting switch comprising a rock shaft, a resistance fixed to said shaft, means movable with the resistance and arranged to convey a conducting liquid along the latter when the rock shaft is moved in one direction, a chamber fixed to the resistance and containing a conducting liquid only, and a conduit arranged exteriorly of said means and connecting said chamber with said means.

10. An electric starting switch comprising a casing rockable about a horizontal axis and having an electricity conducting portion adapted to be connected to one pole of an electric circuit, a solid resistance arranged fixedly within the casing and spaced from the electricity conducting portion of the latter, means for connecting said resistance to the other pole of said circuit, a chamber fixed to said casing and containing a conducting liquid only, and a conduit arranged exteriorly 01 said casing and connecting said chamber to the lower end of said casing, whereby when the casing, resistance and chamber are moved to a certain position, the conducting liquid will flow 1rom the chamber through the conduit and into the casing, and will grad ually rise along said resistance and gradually cut the latter out of the circuit.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

RICHARD KELLENDORFER.