US2094695A - Vapor electric discharge device - Google Patents

Vapor electric discharge device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2094695A
US2094695A US73746A US7374636A US2094695A US 2094695 A US2094695 A US 2094695A US 73746 A US73746 A US 73746A US 7374636 A US7374636 A US 7374636A US 2094695 A US2094695 A US 2094695A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
envelope
millimeters
electrodes
electric discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US73746A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bol Cornelis
Hendricus J Lemmens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2094695A publication Critical patent/US2094695A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
    • C09K11/02—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor
    • C09K11/025—Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor non-luminescent particle coatings or suspension media
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C3/00—Glass compositions
    • C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
    • C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
    • C03C3/089—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron
    • C03C3/091—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing boron containing aluminium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/33—Special shape of cross-section, e.g. for producing cool spot
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/52—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/822—High-pressure mercury lamps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in high pressure mercury vapor electric discharge lamps of the type described in copending application, Serial No. 46,952, filed October 26, 1935,
  • a mercury vapor discharge lamp comprising a capillary quartz envelope having an internal diameter on the order of 7 millimeters and adapted to be operated at a very high speciflc loading as measured in watts input per unit of envelope length.
  • air-cooled tubes within the scope of the invention may employ a specific loading of from 25 to 100 watts per centimeter with a speciiic voltage drop of the order of from 75 to 300 volts per centimeter.
  • Water-cooled tubes may consume from 150 to 1000 watts per centimeter with a specific voltage drop along the discharge path as high as from 100 to 1000 volts per centimeter.
  • mercury vapor pressures in excess of 10 atmospheres and running as high as at least 17 0 atmospheres may be realized in lamps of this type. Furthermore, very great luminous intensity is produced, a surface brightness as great as 30,000
  • the present invention provides an improved construction in which the bore of the central portion of the envelope intermediate between the discharge electrodes is slightly enlarged to insure more satisfactory operation,
  • the enlargement March 20, 1935 of the bore should not, however, be more than about 2 millimeters in excess of the remaining parts of the capillary, since an excessive enlargement tends to result in local condensation of the mercury and makes the maintenance of the desired high pressure diflicult.
  • the discharge envelope comprises a capillary tube I which is cylindrical for the greater portion of its length.
  • this tube has a bore the internal diameter of which is less than 7 millimeters and preferably from about 1 to about 5 millimeters.
  • the walls are of a transparent material such as quartz which is adapted to withstand the high temperatures and pressures encountered during the lamps operation. Their thickness should be of the order of but preferably not greater than the internal tube diameter.
  • thermionic electrodes 2 which may comprise a tungsten core member having overwound thereon a finer tungsten filament, the whole being coated with an electron-emissive material such as barium oxide, or a mixture of the oxides of strontium and 1 barium.
  • Tungsten lead-in wires 3 are introduced through the ends of the quartz tube by means of a graded seal comprising a substantially alkalifree boro-silicate glass as described in copending application, Serial No. 43,230, filed October 2,
  • the parts of the lead-in wires which are outside of the envelope are encased in small insulating tubes 5. These are led through stoppers 6 of insulating material which close the ends of the glass cylinder I through which water or other suitable cooling fluid is passed.
  • the central portion of the tube is slightly enlarged in diameter so that at the region designated by the numeral 8 the internal bore is about 3 millimeters.
  • Lamps of this construction may be operated from an alternating current source in series with an external impedance of such nature that the specific loading of the lamp reaches the high values specified in the foregoing.
  • the lamp runs at essentially uniform temperature throughout its length in spite of the extreme pressures and are temperatures developed. For this reason and because the central portion of the discharge arc is prevented from playing directly on the tube walls etching of the glass and consequent diffusion of the light is substantially avoided.
  • the high pressure mercury lamps comprising a quartz tube of small diameter
  • the central enlargement of the lamp bore which is claimed in the present application is the joint invention of the two inventors, Cornelis B01 and Hendricus J. Lemmens. quently to the invention of the high pressure mercury lamp as claimed in the aforesaid application S. N. 46,952 and with full knowledge of that invention.
  • a high pressure discharge device adapted to be operated at a specific loading of from 25 to watts per centimeter and a specific voltage drop of from 75 to 300 volts per centimeter comprising a capillary quartz envelope of less than 7 millimeters internal diameter having electrodes sealed into the ends thereof and enclosing a suflicient quantity of mercury to produce under operating conditions a pressure of at least 10 atmospheres, said envelope having end-portions of substantially uniform internal diameter and a central inter- It was invented by them SUbSQ".
  • a vapor electric discharge lamp comprising an envelope having an inside bore of the order of 7 millimeters in diameter and a wall thickness of the order of the diameter of the bore, electrodes one at each end of said envelope, lead-in conductors for said electrodes hermetically sealed into said envelope, said envelope comprising a straight tube of a transparent heat-resisting material. such as quartz having at the central portion thereof and intermediate between said electrodes an enlargement .of the inner bore sulficient to produce substantially uniform temperature distribution along the tube length but not more than a few millimeters greater than the internal diameter of the remaining parts of the tube.
  • a mercury vapor electric discharge lamp comprising a, capillary discharge tube having an inside diameter of the order of from 1 to 5 millimeters and having a wall composed of high melting point light-transmitting material such as quartz and a solid electrode located in each endportion of the tube, lead-in conductors for said electrodes sealed into the end-portions of the tube, globules of mercury at each end of the tube and surrounding a portion of said electrodes adjacent said lead-in seals, said envelope comprising straight capillary portions extending from each of said electrodes toward the center of said tube, and a section intermediate between said straight portions having a bore sufilciently enlarged to obviate etching of the wall surface thereof during the normal operation of said lamp.
  • a high pressure mercury vapor lamp com- prising a capillary discharge tube of a transparent heat-resisting material such as quartz, a pair of electrodes respectively disposed at each end of said tube, lead-in conductors for said electrodes, a quantity of mercury within said tube, and means for circulating a liquid cooling medium about the tube, said tube comprising endportions having a uniform bore of from 1 to 5 millimeters internal diameter and an intermediate central portion having'an internal diameter a few millimeters in excess of the internal diameter of said end-portions whereby said tube is maintained at substantially uniform temperature throughout its length even with a specific loading of from to 1000 watts per centimeter.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
US73746A 1935-03-21 1936-04-10 Vapor electric discharge device Expired - Lifetime US2094695A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEN37928A DE655233C (de) 1935-03-21 1935-03-21 Elektrische Hochdruckquecksilberdampfentladungsroehre mit Gluehelektrode (n), insbesondere zum Aussenden von Strahlen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2094695A true US2094695A (en) 1937-10-05

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ID=25943644

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US73746A Expired - Lifetime US2094695A (en) 1935-03-21 1936-04-10 Vapor electric discharge device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2094695A (de)
DE (2) DE655233C (de)
FR (1) FR803058A (de)
GB (2) GB454348A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2682006A (en) * 1950-03-22 1954-06-22 Scopicon Inc Means for preventing external coating of water-cooled electric lamps
WO2002085070A2 (en) * 2001-04-10 2002-10-24 Perkinelmer Optoelectronics, N.C. Compact water-cooled multi-kilowatt lamp

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11158768B2 (en) 2004-05-07 2021-10-26 Bruce H. Baretz Vacuum light emitting diode

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2682006A (en) * 1950-03-22 1954-06-22 Scopicon Inc Means for preventing external coating of water-cooled electric lamps
WO2002085070A2 (en) * 2001-04-10 2002-10-24 Perkinelmer Optoelectronics, N.C. Compact water-cooled multi-kilowatt lamp
WO2002085070A3 (en) * 2001-04-10 2003-02-13 Perkinelmer Optoelectronics N Compact water-cooled multi-kilowatt lamp

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR803058A (fr) 1936-09-22
DE655233C (de) 1938-01-12
GB448685A (en) 1936-06-12
GB454348A (en) 1936-09-29
DE667160C (de) 1938-11-05

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