US2093380A - Aluminum bronze alloys - Google Patents
Aluminum bronze alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2093380A US2093380A US84872A US8487236A US2093380A US 2093380 A US2093380 A US 2093380A US 84872 A US84872 A US 84872A US 8487236 A US8487236 A US 8487236A US 2093380 A US2093380 A US 2093380A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- corrosion
- arsenic
- aluminum
- copper
- attack
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 13
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001997 corrosion-resisting alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/01—Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
Definitions
- This invention relates to corrosion resistant copper alloys for condenser tubes, heat exchanger tubes and the like.
- the purpose of this invention is to provide a copper alloy highly resistant to the various types of corrosive attack experienced in the use of metal tubes in surface condensers and analogous devices, including resistance specifically to what is known as air impingement corrosion and to localized pitting.
- Brass alloy tubes containing considerable percentages of zinc, have been most commonly used in the past for this purpose.
- types of corrosive attack most commonly experienced in the use of brass alloy tubes are:-
- Types 1 and 2 are experienced only in tubes containing zinc. This form of attack is characterized by the spongy copper left in place of the alloy removed by corrosion. It is of course not met with in the use of alloys containing no zinc.
- Type 3 General thinning is the result of chemical attack accompanied by removal of the products of corrosion.
- Type 5 Deposit pitting takes place when a foreign body lodges in a tube.
- Type 6 Localized pitting, sometimes called pinhole attack, is characterized by the formaherently superior to brass alloys containing considerable percentages of zinc.
- the copper may vary from approximately 98.0 to 91.0% and the aluminum may vary from approximately 2.0 to 9.0% and there will be a small percentage of arsenic.
- the optimum percentage of arsenic is about 0.2%.
- the arsenic ingredient may vary from about 0.01 to about 0.5% and still secure good protection against corrosion.
- alloys within the invention which are remarkably resistant to air impingement corrosion and localized pitting and are otherwise very suitable for making into condenser tubes and other articles that are subject to corrosion as aforesaid:
- impurities there may be permitted the following: iron, silicon, tin, nickel, magnesium.
- Manganese, phosphorus, silicon may be added in small amounts, up to about 0.1%, for fluxing action in casting, thereby obtaining sounder castings.
- Tin, nickel, cobalt, magnesium. silicon may be added in small amounts, from about 0.5 to 2.0%, for added resistanceto corrosion.
- Iron may be added for the purpose oi increasing strength and hardness and refining the grain without materially reducing the ductility.
- a corrosion resisting alloy containing approximately 2.0 to 9.0% aluminum, 0.01 to 0.5%
- a corrosion resisting alloy containing approximately 2.0 to 9.0% aluminum, 0.2% arsenic and the remainder copper.
- a corrosion resisting alloy containing approximately 5.0% aluminum, 0.01- to 0.5% arsenic and the remainder copper.
- An alloy of the character described highly resistant to air impingement corrosion and localized pitting and adapted for use in condenser rtubes or the like which contains about 2.0 to 9.0% aluminum, 0.2% arsenic with the balance consisting substantially entirely of copper.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Patented Sept; 14, 1937 ALUMINUM BRONZE ALLOYS Alan Morris,
Bridgeport,
Conn., assignor to Bridgeport Brass Company, Bridgeport, Conn., a corporation of Connecticut No Drawing. Application June 12,1936, Serial No. 84,872
5 Claims. (Cl. -162) This invention relates to corrosion resistant copper alloys for condenser tubes, heat exchanger tubes and the like.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a copper alloy highly resistant to the various types of corrosive attack experienced in the use of metal tubes in surface condensers and analogous devices, including resistance specifically to what is known as air impingement corrosion and to localized pitting.
Brass alloy tubes, containing considerable percentages of zinc, have been most commonly used in the past for this purpose. Among the types of corrosive attack most commonly experienced in the use of brass alloy tubes are:-
. General dezincification.
. Plug type dezincification.
. General thinning.
Air impingement attack.
. Deposit pitting.
. Localized pitting or "pin hole attack".
Types 1 and 2 are experienced only in tubes containing zinc. This form of attack is characterized by the spongy copper left in place of the alloy removed by corrosion. It is of course not met with in the use of alloys containing no zinc.
Type 3. General thinning is the result of chemical attack accompanied by removal of the products of corrosion.
Type 4. Air impingement attack results from the breaking down and removal of the natural protective film of corrosion products by the impingement on the tube surface of air bubbles in the cooling water stream. The extent and rapidity of this type of corrosion depends upon such variables as the temperature of the water, the
amount of air in the water, the size of the bubv bles, the velocity of the water and its turbulence, and the chemical composition of the salts and gases in solution in the water. Of course alloys differ in their inherent resistance to this form of attack. x
Type 5. Deposit pitting takes place when a foreign body lodges in a tube.
Type 6. Localized pitting, sometimes called pinhole attack, is characterized by the formaherently superior to brass alloys containing considerable percentages of zinc.
They are fairly resistant to general thinning, deposit pitting and air impingement attack, but fail rapidly when conditions of service are such as to develop the localized pitting type of corrosive action.
I have found by incorporating into the aluminum bronze a small percentage of arsenic, the resultant alloy is not only rendered more resistant to air impingement type of corrosion, but particularly its resistance to localized pitting is very markedly improved. These new aluminum bronzes containing arsenic are useful for making into condenser tubes, heat exchanger tubes and other articles and fittings subject in use to the aforesaid types of corrosive attack.
In said new alloys, the copper may vary from approximately 98.0 to 91.0% and the aluminum may vary from approximately 2.0 to 9.0% and there will be a small percentage of arsenic. The optimum percentage of arsenic is about 0.2%. However, the arsenic ingredient may vary from about 0.01 to about 0.5% and still secure good protection against corrosion.
The following are specific examples of alloys within the invention which are remarkably resistant to air impingement corrosion and localized pitting and are otherwise very suitable for making into condenser tubes and other articles that are subject to corrosion as aforesaid:
1. An alloy composed of approximately 5.0% aluminum, 0.4% arsenic, with the balance consisting substantially entirely of copper.
2. An alloy composed of approximately 6.0% aluminum, 0.2% arsenic, with the balance consisting substantially entirely of copper.
3. An alloy composed of approximately 5.0% aluminum, 0.1% arsenic, 0.5% tin, with the balance consisting substantially entirely of copper.
Small percentages of other metals are permissible as impurities or may be added to impart special characteristics without substantially changing the highly. resistant characteristic of these alloys to corrosion.
For example, under the heading of impurities, there may be permitted the following: iron, silicon, tin, nickel, magnesium.
Under "added metals the following may be used for purposes and with advantages respectively as follows:
Manganese, phosphorus, silicon may be added in small amounts, up to about 0.1%, for fluxing action in casting, thereby obtaining sounder castings.
Tin, nickel, cobalt, magnesium. silicon may be added in small amounts, from about 0.5 to 2.0%, for added resistanceto corrosion.
Iron may be added for the purpose oi increasing strength and hardness and refining the grain without materially reducing the ductility.
What I claim is:
1. A corrosion resisting alloy containing approximately 2.0 to 9.0% aluminum, 0.01 to 0.5%
arsenic, and the remainder copper. 1
2. An alloy resistant to air impingement corrosion and localized pitting which contains about 6.0% aluminum, 0.2% arsenic and the remainder copper.
3. A corrosion resisting alloy containing approximately 2.0 to 9.0% aluminum, 0.2% arsenic and the remainder copper.
' 4. A corrosion resisting alloy containing approximately 5.0% aluminum, 0.01- to 0.5% arsenic and the remainder copper.
5. An alloy of the character described highly resistant to air impingement corrosion and localized pitting and adapted for use in condenser rtubes or the like which contains about 2.0 to 9.0% aluminum, 0.2% arsenic with the balance consisting substantially entirely of copper.
ALAN MORRIS.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US84872A US2093380A (en) | 1936-06-12 | 1936-06-12 | Aluminum bronze alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US84872A US2093380A (en) | 1936-06-12 | 1936-06-12 | Aluminum bronze alloys |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2093380A true US2093380A (en) | 1937-09-14 |
Family
ID=22187740
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US84872A Expired - Lifetime US2093380A (en) | 1936-06-12 | 1936-06-12 | Aluminum bronze alloys |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2093380A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE757956C (en) * | 1939-09-08 | 1953-03-23 | Finow Kupfer Und Messingwerke | The use of copper-aluminum alloys for objects with high creep resistance |
| US3049424A (en) * | 1957-10-15 | 1962-08-14 | Stone & Company Charlton Ltd J | Copper-base alloys |
| US20080035320A1 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2008-02-14 | Amerifab, Inc. | Heat exchanger system used in steel making |
| US20190024980A1 (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-01-24 | Amerifab, Inc. | Duct system with integrated working platforms |
-
1936
- 1936-06-12 US US84872A patent/US2093380A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE757956C (en) * | 1939-09-08 | 1953-03-23 | Finow Kupfer Und Messingwerke | The use of copper-aluminum alloys for objects with high creep resistance |
| US3049424A (en) * | 1957-10-15 | 1962-08-14 | Stone & Company Charlton Ltd J | Copper-base alloys |
| US20080035320A1 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2008-02-14 | Amerifab, Inc. | Heat exchanger system used in steel making |
| US8202476B2 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2012-06-19 | Amerifab, Inc. | Heat exchanger system used in steel making |
| US20190024980A1 (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-01-24 | Amerifab, Inc. | Duct system with integrated working platforms |
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