US2079708A - Drying sponges - Google Patents
Drying sponges Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2079708A US2079708A US56951A US5695135A US2079708A US 2079708 A US2079708 A US 2079708A US 56951 A US56951 A US 56951A US 5695135 A US5695135 A US 5695135A US 2079708 A US2079708 A US 2079708A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sponge
- drying
- block
- sponges
- blocks
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/56—After-treatment of articles, e.g. for altering the shape
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S65/00—Glass manufacturing
- Y10S65/04—Electric heat
Definitions
- This invention relates to methods of and apparatus for drying compressible articles and it is illustratively described herein in its application to the drying of sponges electrically, as by the utilization of an electrostatic field produced by currents of high frequency.
- the lat Preferably, the lat:
- Another object of the invention is to provide a convenient and efiective apparatus for carrying out this method.
- the illustrated apparatus in accordance with sulated on their inner faces and between which the sponge may be positioned and means for moving one of said electrodes toward the other to compress the sponge positioned between them. 45
- These insulated electrodes serve as part of an electrical drying means, and are also utilized for compressing the sponge and holding it in compressed condition during the drying operation.
- Fig. 1 is an angular view of our novel apparatus.
- M Fig. 2 is an angular view oi the block of sponge features of the invention, comprises electrodes inmaterial, indicating by dash lines the extent to which such a block shrinks during the drying operation.
- I have provided plates or electrodes H and it which, to prevent sparking between the plates andthe articles to be dried, are buried in blocks iii and of some insulating material such as bakelite, thereby insulating said plates on their inner or adjacent faces.
- Small corners of the plates project from the blocks of material and are provided with binding posts 22 so thatthey may be connected to the outlet terminals 24 of a high-frequency oscillator.
- This oscillator illustrated diagrammatically as enclosed within a box 28, is provided with terminals 28 to which electric current may be supplied. It may be of any construction designed to produce high-frequency currentsof the order of five to fifty million cycles per second. Conveniently, a frequency of thirteen or fourteen megacycles may be employed.
- these blocks l8 and 20 may be supported upon a base 30, the block l8 having a flange 32 by means of which it is secured to the base, while the block 20 is slidable along the base.
- the sponge l may conveniently be supported upor ribs 34 on the base and when the block 20 is moved toward the block l8, the sponge will be constricted or contracted to substantially the size which it will have after the shrinkage induced by thedrying operation has ceased.
- toggle links 40 extending between the outer face of the block 20, and an abutment 42.
- These toggle links have crossbars 44' and 45 which are interconnected by means of a vertical strut 46, thus forcing the toggles to move together in producing a movement of the block 20 in parallel planes.
- Operation of the toggles is effected by means of a hand lever 48 pinned to a cross rod 50 which, in turn, is pinned to the ends of the two upper toggle links.
- These upper links have meeting faces 52 so that they will stay in a straightened position .slightly beyond dead center in opposition to two coiled springs 54 which are interposed between the block 20 and the abutment 42 and tend to pull this block away from-the work.
- a block of sponge may be positioned between the two electrodes and the hand lever raised to compress the sponge. If power is then supplied to the terminals 28 of the high-frequency oscillator, an electrostatic field will be set up between the plates l4 and I6, and drying will be effected throughout the body of the sponge, substantially without cupping or other distortion of the sponge.
- the method of drying compressible material such as sponges or the like liable to shrinkage sists in first compressing the sponge an amount substantially equal to the normal shrinkage which occurs during drying, and then producing heat electrically within the sponge.
- a pair of electrodes insulated from contact with a sponge, and means interconnecting said electrodes for positively moving one electrode toward the other to compress a sponge positioned between them.
- a base an electrode insulated on its inner face and mounted in fixed position on the base, another electrode also insulated on its inner face and movably mounted upon the base, and a toggle for moving said movable electrode to compress a sponge positioned between the electrodes.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Description
G. T. HART, JR
DRYING SPONGES Filed Dec. 51, 1955 Patented May 11, 1937 PATENT OFFICE scram name srouoas George '1. Hart. In, Lynn, Mara, auignor to United Shoe Machinery Corporation, Paterson, N. 1., a corporation oi New Jersey application December 31, 1935. Serial No. 58,951
I Claim.
This invention relates to methods of and apparatus for drying compressible articles and it is illustratively described herein in its application to the drying of sponges electrically, as by the utilization of an electrostatic field produced by currents of high frequency.
In the production of artificial sponges, some of which are manufactured of viscose or the like, it
is found necessary to remove an excess of moisture. When this drying is accomplished by circulating air around the blocks of sponge material, the difiiculty has been encountered that uneven shrinkage distorts the blocks of material, commonly producing a cupping clone or more of the broader faces. Before such sponges are marketed, the manufactured blocks are, after dry-.
ticle while thus compressed. Preferably, the lat:
ter is accomplished by the use of an electrostatic field so that the heating, as is well understood, occurs throughout the block and avoids to a large extent the formation of a crust upon the outer surface of the'block, such as would otherwise result were the sponge dried by the usual methods.
Another object of the invention is to provide a convenient and efiective apparatus for carrying out this method.
The illustrated apparatus, in accordance with sulated on their inner faces and between which the sponge may be positioned and means for moving one of said electrodes toward the other to compress the sponge positioned between them. 45 These insulated electrodes serve as part of an electrical drying means, and are also utilized for compressing the sponge and holding it in compressed condition during the drying operation.
These and other featuresv of the invention will be described in the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is an angular view of our novel apparatus. and a M Fig. 2 is an angular view oi the block of sponge features of the invention, comprises electrodes inmaterial, indicating by dash lines the extent to which such a block shrinks during the drying operation.
Qynthetic sponges which are sometimes manufactured from viscose need to be artificially dried before they are ready to be put on the market. During this drying operation, there is considerable shrinkage so that a block of sponge iii in a dry condition will become smaller by an amount indicated by the dash lines l2 in Fig. 2 during the drying and also distorted or cupped. When such a distorted, cupped body is subdivided into small pieces for marketing, there is considerable waste.
I have, therefore, provided for the drying of the sponges in a compressed condition, having found that a block of sponge which has been compressed substantially as much as it would normally shrink during the drying operation, does not become cupped or otherwise seriously distorted and may be subdivided into small pieces much more economically. To this end I dry the blocks of compressed sponge electrically by placing these blocks in an electrostatic field produced by high-frequency currents. This manner of producing heat in the moist blocks has the additional advantage that the heat is produced substantially evenly throughout the whole body of the sponge and that, therefore, there is little or no tendency for the formation of crust upon the outer surface of the block which would have to be removed before sale.
To aid in the production oi an electrostatic field, I have provided plates or electrodes H and it which, to prevent sparking between the plates andthe articles to be dried, are buried in blocks iii and of some insulating material such as bakelite, thereby insulating said plates on their inner or adjacent faces. Small corners of the plates project from the blocks of material and are provided with binding posts 22 so thatthey may be connected to the outlet terminals 24 of a high-frequency oscillator. This oscillator, illustrated diagrammatically as enclosed within a box 28, is provided with terminals 28 to which electric current may be supplied. It may be of any construction designed to produce high-frequency currentsof the order of five to fifty million cycles per second. Conveniently, a frequency of thirteen or fourteen megacycles may be employed. When such high-frequency currents are supplied to the apparatus, an electrostatic field will be set up between the plates l4 and i6, and this will, as is well understood, produce heat within the block of sponge ll so long as there is any moisture therein. When the moisture is substantially removed, the heating automatically ceases. Conveniently, these blocks l8 and 20 may be supported upon a base 30, the block l8 having a flange 32 by means of which it is secured to the base, while the block 20 is slidable along the base. The sponge l may conveniently be supported upor ribs 34 on the base and when the block 20 is moved toward the block l8, the sponge will be constricted or contracted to substantially the size which it will have after the shrinkage induced by thedrying operation has ceased.
To facilitate movement of the block 20 so as thereby to compress and partially collapse the sponge, I have provided toggle links 40, extending between the outer face of the block 20, and an abutment 42. These toggle links have crossbars 44' and 45 which are interconnected by means of a vertical strut 46, thus forcing the toggles to move together in producing a movement of the block 20 in parallel planes. Operation of the toggles is effected by means of a hand lever 48 pinned to a cross rod 50 which, in turn, is pinned to the ends of the two upper toggle links. These upper links have meeting faces 52 so that they will stay in a straightened position .slightly beyond dead center in opposition to two coiled springs 54 which are interposed between the block 20 and the abutment 42 and tend to pull this block away from-the work.
In the carrying out of the method, the plate l6 and its block 20 having been moved toward the operator by the springs 54 following depression of the hand lever 48, a block of sponge may be positioned between the two electrodes and the hand lever raised to compress the sponge. If power is then supplied to the terminals 28 of the high-frequency oscillator, an electrostatic field will be set up between the plates l4 and I6, and drying will be effected throughout the body of the sponge, substantially without cupping or other distortion of the sponge. 1
Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:
1. The method of drying compressible material such as sponges or the like liable to shrinkage sists in first compressing the sponge an amount substantially equal to the normal shrinkage which occurs during drying, and then producing heat electrically within the sponge.
4. The method of drying a block of sponge, which consists in applying pressure to opposite faces of the block thereby to constrict the sponge, and positioning the constricted sponge in an electrostatic field to cause heating within the sponge thereby to remove the moisture.
5. The method of drying blocks of sponge or the like which consists in partially collapsing the blocks, and then creating an electrostatic field around the contracted sponge to heat the same and dry it.
6. In an apparatus for drying sponges, a pair of electrodes insulated from contact with a sponge, and means interconnecting said electrodes for positively moving one electrode toward the other to compress a sponge positioned between them.
7. In an apparatus for drying sponges, a base, an electrode insulated on its inner face and mounted in fixed position on the base, another electrode also insulated on its inner face and movably mounted upon the base, and a toggle for moving said movable electrode to compress a sponge positioned between the electrodes.
GEORGE T. HART, JR.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US56951A US2079708A (en) | 1935-12-31 | 1935-12-31 | Drying sponges |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US56951A US2079708A (en) | 1935-12-31 | 1935-12-31 | Drying sponges |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US2079708A true US2079708A (en) | 1937-05-11 |
Family
ID=22007583
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US56951A Expired - Lifetime US2079708A (en) | 1935-12-31 | 1935-12-31 | Drying sponges |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2442451A (en) * | 1944-10-26 | 1948-06-01 | Rca Corp | High-frequency dielectric heating apparatus |
US2463054A (en) * | 1944-04-22 | 1949-03-01 | British Insulated Callenders | Apparatus for heating insulating material by subjecting it to a highfrequency field of electric force |
US2504969A (en) * | 1946-07-06 | 1950-04-25 | Girdler Corp | High-frequency apparatus having two work-engaging electrodes and one adjustable electrode |
US2509181A (en) * | 1948-06-22 | 1950-05-23 | Electronic Products Corp | Method and apparatus for electronically fusing material in a high partial vacuum |
US2555139A (en) * | 1948-11-22 | 1951-05-29 | Spectrum Mfg Company | Sealing device |
US2555450A (en) * | 1943-11-29 | 1951-06-05 | Lee Foundation For Nutritional | High-frequency dehydrating method and apparatus |
US2618733A (en) * | 1948-10-26 | 1952-11-18 | Raytheon Mfg Co | Radio frequency drying device |
US2639364A (en) * | 1949-07-14 | 1953-05-19 | Charles C Doyle | Heating-control appliance |
US2649876A (en) * | 1947-09-20 | 1953-08-25 | M And M Wood Working Company | High-frequency heating of glued joints |
US5094021A (en) * | 1990-12-05 | 1992-03-10 | Chen Su Min | Ultrasonic iron |
US20020000054A1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2002-01-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Methods and apparatus for removal of wrinkles from fabrics |
-
1935
- 1935-12-31 US US56951A patent/US2079708A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2555450A (en) * | 1943-11-29 | 1951-06-05 | Lee Foundation For Nutritional | High-frequency dehydrating method and apparatus |
US2463054A (en) * | 1944-04-22 | 1949-03-01 | British Insulated Callenders | Apparatus for heating insulating material by subjecting it to a highfrequency field of electric force |
US2442451A (en) * | 1944-10-26 | 1948-06-01 | Rca Corp | High-frequency dielectric heating apparatus |
US2504969A (en) * | 1946-07-06 | 1950-04-25 | Girdler Corp | High-frequency apparatus having two work-engaging electrodes and one adjustable electrode |
US2649876A (en) * | 1947-09-20 | 1953-08-25 | M And M Wood Working Company | High-frequency heating of glued joints |
US2509181A (en) * | 1948-06-22 | 1950-05-23 | Electronic Products Corp | Method and apparatus for electronically fusing material in a high partial vacuum |
US2618733A (en) * | 1948-10-26 | 1952-11-18 | Raytheon Mfg Co | Radio frequency drying device |
US2555139A (en) * | 1948-11-22 | 1951-05-29 | Spectrum Mfg Company | Sealing device |
US2639364A (en) * | 1949-07-14 | 1953-05-19 | Charles C Doyle | Heating-control appliance |
US5094021A (en) * | 1990-12-05 | 1992-03-10 | Chen Su Min | Ultrasonic iron |
US20020000054A1 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2002-01-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Methods and apparatus for removal of wrinkles from fabrics |
US6785989B2 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2004-09-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Methods and apparatus for removal of wrinkles from fabrics |
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