US2074531A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

March 23, 1937. J, BECVAR 2,074,531 I GAS BURNER Filed Oct. 27, 1934 INVENTOR.

M 9 VQMM ATTORNEYS,

Patented Mar. 23, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT orrlcs GAS BURNER Joseph Becvar, Wicklifle, Ohio, assignor to The ClevelandCooperative Stove Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application ctober 27 6 Claims.

the practiceto utilize burners of the type having an annular hollow head provided with interiorly communicating radial arms and having small discharge vents positioned in rows along the arms and the body portion and discharging upwardly.

In such burners there is a disadvantage in that the holes easily become clogged with foreign substances, especially foods which, may boil over on the stove. Furthermore they are expensive to cast and the length of the discharge ducts is limited somewhat by the thickness of the walls 7 of the arms.

To overcome some of these advantages. bumers were subsequently developed which comprise generally a hollow body having a deflecting cap or nozzle which is received in the open top of the burner and provides substantially parallel upwardly outwardly extending walls forming an annular passage through which the gas can flow from the interior of the body and thereby be dis- 5 charged as an annular flame extending around the body. In such instances it was the general practice to have the top wall of the cap in slightly overhanging'relation to the under wall so as to provide a guard and prevent entrance of for- 30 eign substances into the annular discharge pas sage. In many burners of this latter type, however, there has been no provision for the discharge of gas and secondary air at the center of the burner and consequently a cold spot slightly larg- 35 er than the burner body results. Furthermore, in

many burners, the upwardly outwardly extending annular passage can become partially clogged easily and requires special parts in manufacture.

One of the principal objects of the present in 4 '40 vention is to provide a burner of the general type last described in which provision is made-to sustain a central flame and which is so constructed that it is economical to manufacture and assemble and .clean.

45 More specific objects are to prevent clogging of the discharge ducts of the burner, to insure effec- 1934, Serial No. 750,347

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the burner embodying the principles of the present invention, part thereof being shown in section for clearness in illustration; I v p Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the burner illustratedin Fig. l ,'part thereof being shown in section as indicated by the line 2--2 on Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the deflecting 'cap of the burner and is'takenfrom a plane indicated by the line 3-3 on Fig. 2; and

.Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on a plane indicated by the line 4-4 in Fig. 1 and illustrates the means for latching the cap onto the burner body; and

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating a modified form of the invention; and

Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of the deflecting cap of the burner in Fig. 5 and is taken on a plane indicated by the line 6-8 on Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawing, the burner com-' prises a hollow annular body I, the internal cavity of which is in communication with a mixing tube 2 into which the usual regulatable gas supply nozzle N discharges for supplying gas and inducing air into the burner body. The body cavity is preferably comparatively deep, as illustrated, and the side walls thereof are imperforate except where communicating with the mix ing tube 2.- The annular top wall 5 of the body is likewise imperforate except for the discharge passage means shown as anannularpassage 5 through which gas and'air entering the body from the mixing tube are discharged upwardly. Mounted on the top of the body I is a deflecting 'cap d having units under face an annularchannel I positioned to align with the annular discharge passage 5. The annular body defines a central air duct 8 through which air may rise upwardly toward the cap. The cap 6 is provided with a complementary air duct 9 coaxial with the duct 8 and forming a. continuation thereof, the passage 9 opening through the top of the cap. Extending radially outwardly from the inner marginal limit of the cap and terminating outwardly at the inner edge of the channel I is a depending boss I!) which engages the upper surface of the wall 4 and supports the cap in proper position vertically of .the body. Extending radially of the boss ID are a plurality of grooves H which, when the cap is installed, in operating position, form withthe top surface of the wall 4 a plurality of ducts leading from the channel I into the passage 9 for supplying a mixture of gas and primary air thereinto for sustaining the central portion of the flame to be llarealign d relation tothe cap.

- Beginning a or near the outer limit;of the 7 channel I are a plurality of stream lined bosses l l2, thebosses preferably being of such height as to fully bridge the space between the uppersur-- face of the wall 4 and the overhanging under sur- 'face of the cap. The'bosses l2 preferabIY-Q tend directly radially andare equally 1 from eachother around the cap 4, as better-illustrateddn Fig. 3. In a plane parallel to the across:

fiat grinding surface without any special cuts being required. Each, of course, can be done in a single operation. Secondly, it should be noted --that a radially wide surface isprovided between the passage 5 and the outer limit of,-the bodyas indicated at 24. correspondingly, a radially wide surface is provided between the passage andthe central passage 8, as indicated at It. Consequently, the resulting discharge ducts of the. burnengdefined by the undersurface portions of the cap 6, and the.upper surface of the. wall 4 are elongated sumciently radially so that the burning gas will not backfireinto the intetier of the body, their length in the direction of undersurface of the cap, the bosses ll-are wedge shaped, having their wide ends disposed a'= j cent the channel I, and tapering out ardly I and striking the bosses I! will flow radially outwardly and be deflected around the bosses without an appreciable amount of turbulence, as. will more fully appear hereinafter. Turbulence is further reduced due to the rounded eon.-

' tour of the wide, or leading, ends of the bosses II. The bosses "preferably terminate at their outer limits, a short distance from the outer limits of theinch.

In order to protect the burner proper from foreign matter dropped'thereon, the burner cap is of sufficient diameter to overhang the outer limits of thebody I, as indicated at l4.-

To secure the cap firmly in position on the body I, the annular passage 5 is provided with a plurality of enlarged openings l5 and the 'cap is provided with corresponding downwardly de- 20 therefrom so that gas issuing from the channel,

body I, for example, about 1; of an pending'stems, such as indicated at It, terminatheads II are sufiiciently large in diameter so that they cannot pass through the passage 5 but can passthrough the respective openings i5. Consequently mount the 'cap in place, the heads with and passed through the openings l5 until the cap rests in position on the ;up-

per surface of the body. The cap is then turned slightly through the medium of the wing lugs l8 toofi'set the heads il fromthe openings I 5 and engage them with the under surface of the top.

wall, 4 thus forming a sabre locking connection therewith. If desired, wedge surface areas I94,

fastening it, may be provided for engaging the.

heads i1 and 'wedgi'ng the cap firmly in place. Suitable bosses I! may be cast onto the cap 6 and tapped centrally to-receive the pins I I for holding the latching heads ilin proper spaced- As previously mentioned several advantagw result from the burner illustrated which, in the proportions shown in the drawing, .is effective for most gas ranges. First, it should be noted flow 01 8B8 notbeing limited to the thickness 01' the walls of the body or cap.

Referring'nex't-particularly to the bosses i2 and the manner in which they operate" due to the stream lining eife'ct, the mixture-of gas and air impinging thereon' from the channel I flows smoothly therearou'nd and the separate portions reunite before discharging into theair, issuing from between the bosses i2 not as jets separated from each other but as a continuous annular str Consequently, a very regular rosette of flame-is provided around the burner, the radial indentions thereof being clearly defined but so compressed and not as effectively aerated. Still more objectionable is the fact that lighting of the tongues of the mixture issuing from between any two adjacent bosses, in suchv instances, will not efi'ect lighting-of the remainder. As to burners of this general character in which no bosses corresponding to the bosses it are provided, the 'fiame wavers badly, any slight draft driving the as back into the burner on that side on'which the draft impinges and correspondingly elongating' the fiameon the opposite 'side. With the bosses l2, however, an exceedingly heavy draft is required to prevent the issuance of gas toward theeirtraneous air stream. Consequently the 1 flame is more uniform and regular under all conditions entirely around the burner."'- Again, by

.of thebosses that the upper outer face of the wall [defines a.

plane, Consequently, the entire body can be cast in one piece and, at most, the only finishing job required on the body l 'is fiatgrinding of the 'fiat upper face of the wall 4. correspondingly, the lower facesof the boss I. and bosses I! may lie in the same plane so that the cap can be com-.. j pletelyi. finished, if roughly cast, merely bygrind- --ing the entire exposed imder surface of the II and]! against afiat grinding surface. Thusboth the cap andbodymaybeflnished ona stantially blocked the arrangement shown, gas and primary air are 7 fed to the center of the cap and discharged upprovided for sustaining combustion of the central portion of the flame by the passages I and 9. In Figs. 5 and 6 a modification of the foregoing burner is illustrated, the parts in Figs. '5 and 6 corresponding to those in Figs. 1 and 2 being designated by corresponding primed numerals.

The main diiferences m the modification reside in the manner of mounting the-cap 6', the form W I it and the positions of the grooves The cap t is provided with a pad 34 carried by a spider ii, the arms of which are preferably streamlined upwardly. A bridge or spider 32 is cast in the passage 8'- preferably about one third of the burner h ishtdown from the top so thattheairtherebymayreassumeits upward fiowbeforebelng again defiectedbythe spider ii. If the spider I! were tooclose to the spider-3| andtheirarmsofthetwowereofisct; itisob'vious thatthelmssagtlwouldbeauh- The pad 30 is drilled to receive a bolt 33 which extends through a passage in the bridge 32, a nut 34 being provided on the bolt 33 fee drawing the cap 6' firmly against the top wall of the body. 7

The central supporting boss ill is provided with grooves H which are directed eccentrically relative to the center of the cap and at an angle to the radius through the center of the cap to the outlet ends of the grooveaglt is most advantageous to provide oppositely directed pairs'of aligned parallel grooves, th grooves of each pair being offset from the diameter of the cap so as to lie outwardly from the outer limits of the pad 30. This results in two advantages, namely; the jets of gas from these grooves will not impinge on the pad 30 and the jets from opposite aligned grooves impinge on each other near the center of, the cap and thus are rendered turbulent and are more eifectively, aerated and applied to any utensil above the burner.

The bosses I2? do not bridge the space between the cap and top wall of the body but are rounded on their under surface so as to provide a more eflicient stream lining. b

It is apparent from the foregoing description that the burners described have the advantages of simplicity in manufacture, requiring only plane surface grinding; that the parts may readily be cast; that a flame is maintained uniformly around the entire burner and centrally thereof so that the gas is most effectively aerated. Furthermore lighting of the gas around the entire burner is readily effected by lighting at any desired single point and backfiring and distortion of the flame by drafts are eliminated. It is further apparent that the burner described can be readily cleaned'either in assembled condition or, when required, by removing the cap, all operating parts thereof being readily accessible.

, Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A gas burner comprising an annular hollow body having a mixing tube communicating with the interior thereof, and an annular top wall extending from both the inner and outer body margins in overhanging relation to the body cavity and having passage means in spaced relation to the outer and inner limits of the top wall, an annular cap on said body having an under surface in superposed spaced relation to the said top wall, and a plurality of groups of spaced bosses between the cap and body, one group being positioned between the passage means therein and the inner limit of the top wall and the other group being positioned between the said passage means and the outer limit of the top wall, whereby said cap and top wall de me a plurality of inwardly and outwardly e ending discharge ducts.

2. A gas burner comprising a body member 60 having a mixing tube communicating with the interior thereof and having an annular gas dis charge passage, and a plurality of circumferentially spaced elements within said passage, said elements being gradually reduced in section laterally in the direction of flow of gases from 'the body through said passage whereby the stream of gases issuing from the passage between adjacent elements is directed for merging its mar- I gin's with the margins of adjacent streams.

3. In a gas burner comprising a hollow body having means to admit a mixture of gas and air thereinto and an elongated gas discharge passage, a plurality of elongated spaced elements in said passage extending from their inner ends lengthwise in the direction of discharge, each of said elements being of gradually decreasing width in the direction of discharge of said gas from an inner endportion to its outer end.

l. A gas burnercomprising an annular hollow body having a mixing tube communicating with the interior thereof and a top wall overhanging the body cavity a distance greater thanthe thickness of the body wall, the body having a passage communicating with the body cavity and with theoutside atmosphere at the overhanging margin of the top wall, an annular cap on said body in superposed relation to the top wall and having a central opening aligned with the central open-.

terior thereof and a top wall,a"cap on top of the body having portions of its under surface in spaced relation above said top wall and defining with said top wall a substantially'annular discharge passage discharging radially from the body, said body having a supply passage spaced from one margin of the top wall for supplyinga combustible mixture from the body over said top wall, a plurality of circumferentially, spaced bosses in said discharge passage, said bosses being wedge-shaped in cross section in the plane of the discharge passage and having their larger-ends disposed nearer said supply passage than the smaller ends, said bosses tapering in the direction of flow ,of said mixture through'the discharge passage, and said larger ends of the bosses being rounded to reduce frictional losses and turbulence of. the combustible mixture passing through said discharge-passage.

6. A gas burner comprising a hollow body having a mixing tube communicating with the interior thereof and a top wall andhaving-a passage for discharging a combustible mixture from the body over said top wall, -a deflector superposed upon the body and having that portion of its under surface extendingfrom adjacent said passage to a marginal limit of the top wall in spaced relation to said top wall and defining with the top wall an annular discharge passage for

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