US2073545A - Marine structure - Google Patents

Description

March 9, I G ATKINSON MAfiINE STRUCTURE Original Filed Aug. 8, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 I I INVENTOR I 1 I V Geo/ 12 A 45%1/750/2 ATTORNEY March 9, 1937.

Original Filed Aug. 8, 1934 G. H. ATKINSON MARINE STRUCTURE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY March 9, 1937.

G. H; ATKINSON MARINE STRUCTURE Original Filed Aug. 8, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 ATTORN EY March 9, 1937. H so 2,073,545

. MARINE STRUCTURE Original Filed Aug. 8, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 iii ' fiaums' 6 INVENTPR Geo/ye ///7V/(7/2S0/2,

ATTORN EY Patented Mar. 9, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Refiled for (abandoned) application Serial No.

739,023, August 8, 1934. This application September 3, 1936, Serial No. 99,323

4 Claims.

My present invention relates generally to filled, partially filled or unfilled eoffer dams, piers, quay walls, marginals, wharves, breakwaters, subways and other marine structures, and has for its primary object the improvement thereof in respect not only to strength, effectiveness and durability in use, but also in respect to its fabrication in the first instance and its subsequent removal, where desirable or necessary.

Generally speaking my invention contemplates the fabrication of spaced walls of sheet piling in connection with the ends of transversely disposed and spaced apart cross frames so constructed that they may be pre-formed, transported to the site of installation, lowered to the desired position, secured in this position by individual anchoring piles, and each serve as a temporay support while the next adjacent frame is being anchored, and it is a further object to provide a 0 construction which will permit the various parts to be'readily salvaged by reversing the above order in the removal of the structure.

Further and more specific objects of my invention, relating to the construction, arrangement and cooperation of the several parts thereof, fa-

cilitating fabrication and erection, will be better understood and more thoroughly appreciated from the following detailed description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which 3 form a part of this specification, and in which,

Figure 1 is an upstream elevation of a coffer dam under construction according to the provisions of my invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of a portion thereof. Figure 3 is a vertical, transverse section therethrough, taken substantially on line 33 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a vertical, longitudinal section therethrough, taken substantially on line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail of the parts included within the broken line AA of Figure 2, partly in top plan and partly in horizontal section.

Figure 6 is an enlarged detail perspective view illustrating the connections between each cross frame and one of its anchoring piles, and,

Figure 7 is a similar view to Figure 5, showing a slightly modified structure.

Referring now particularly to Figure 1, and as in my abandoned application Serial Number 739,- 023, filed August 8, 1934, of which this application is a substitute, I have shown, in a more or less diagrammatic manner, installation in con- 55 nection with a partially erected marine structure wherein a series of individually anchored cross frames Ill serve to support sheet piling II fabricated in connection with the ends of theframes I0 in a manner which will presently be plain, and driven into the river or other bed I2 to the desired depth. 3

The several frames III, each including side cross members having vertical pile guides I3 of suitable form, are pre-formed, or assembled at a convenient point and transported to the site of installation by a barge I4, or other suitable means, as I have shown in connection with a frame Illa, in Figure 1. Frame Illa is then picked up by suitable means, either on the partially completed structure or on the barge or other vessel, and held in the desired manner and in vertical position as frame IIlbis shown in Figure 1, parallel with, and spaced from, the last previously anchored frame III, which has been secured in position by driving anchoring piles I5 into the bed I2 through the guides I3.

Each frame, thus moved from position Illa to position I 0b, is temporarily locked to the adjacent anchored frame II] by a spacing frame I6, until its anchoring piles I5 have been driven into the bed I2, after which spacing frame It may be removed for use in similarly holding the next frame lowered in the line of installation. Each frame in turn is either allowed to rest on the bed I2 or attached to its anchoring piles I5 in a manner to be presently described, and is then released from the handling equipment, and to serve its stated purpose the spacing frame I6 consists of cross struts 23 suitably braced and connected, by diagonals 24, to vertical, side bars 25 having a sliding, interlocking connection with companion bars 26 laterally outstanding from the outer sides of the frames I0. These interlocking connections may be of the head and claw type shown, and it will be understood that the spacing frame I6, as a whole, will be of sufficient strength and length to accomplish its intended function.

After the frames have been thus anchored, a. working platform I may be constructed on the anchoring piles I5, and the interlocking sheet piling II is then driven into the bed I2, along arcuate lines across and between the ends of the frames Ill, so as to present outwardly convex surfaces and transmit the pressure to the frames I0 in line with the anchoring piles I5. It is obvious unwatering of the structure can be done from within the two spaced apart walls of sheet piling I I, the individual piles of which are interlocked with one another as by means of head and claw connections, or a fill may be made between the walls and an area encircled by the structur may be unwatered.

With the above in mind, it will be more readily understood by reference to Figures 2 to 6 inclusive that each of the supporting frames H] has two side portions or cross members, and that each of these cross members consists of a series of pile guides in the nature of upright beams I! arranged in spaced apart relation in pairs between, and connected at vertically spaced points to, spaced apart horizontal beams I 8, whereby the spaces between the beams ll of each pair serve as effective vertical guides for the anchoring piles l 5.

Certain of the vertical beams I! are at the outer ends of the cross members of each frame, and to these beams are secured endwise outstanding, interlocking bars 20 and laterally outstanding, interlocking bars 22. It will be seen 20 that the cross members of each frame H! are, furconnect with the endwise outstanding bars 20 of the frames. All of these connections may be of the head and claw type, although as shown in Figure '7, the special sheet piling connecting members may have the triangular form seen at 450.,

I thus presenting a single inner extension for connection with a single head and claw bar 20a fixed to the outermost upright of each frame side member. In either form of connection, it is obvious the outer end uprights I! of the frames must be of sufficient strength to transmit the loads from the sheet piling walls to the frames l0, and may for this purpose be reenforced by bracing 21, if necessary.

As also shown in Figure 7, the anchoring pile guides may be formed by utilizing cylindrical uprights Ila in the frames, and it is to be understood that instead of using complete frames I0, I may employ the side portions or members thereof as separate units, without cross bracing, by making them of sufficient strength in the first instance.

I may also utilize temporary current deflecting members in the form of sheet metal curtains 8, between the frames 10, where it is necessary in placing and setting the piles, each curtain having side head and claw bars 2| to interlock with the before-mentioned laterally outstanding bars 22 of the frames.

As shown in Figure 6, each frame may be secured to its anchoring piles, and each such connection may include a cap plate 28, bolted or welded to the upper end of the pile, and bolts 29, passing through thimbles 30, connecting the cap plate with the adjacent upper cross bar [8 of the frame. It will be apparent that this connection, like the other connections previously described, is such that the several parts, in removal of the structure, may be salvaged intact by mere reversal of the operations described in the installation of the structure, and -in this way, among others, it is obvious the objects of my invention, first above stated, may be successfully carried out.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a marine structure of the type described, spaced apart Walls of interlocking sheet piling, cross frames spaced apart between said walls, and having means interlocking with the walls, means interlockingly connecting and spacing said frames independently of the said walls, and means for anchoring each of said frames inde pendently of said Walls.

2. In a marine structure of the type described, spaced apart Walls of interlocking sheet piling, cross frames between said Walls, each having means to interlock with spaced points of the walls, each of said frames having pile guides, means interlockingly connecting and spacing said frames at a plurality of points between, and independently of the said walls, and anchoring piles extending through said guides for securing the frames independently of said walls.

3. In a marine structure of the type described, spaced apart Walls of interlocking sheet piling, a series of preformed spaced apart cross frames each having means at the ends thereof interlocking with said walls at a plurality of points of the latter, means for anchoring each of said frames between, and independently of, the walls, and interlocking means extending between and connecting said frames independently of the walls, said last named means also serving to properly space the frames apart and hold each thereof successively in position for anchoring.

4. In a marine structure of the type described, spaced apart walls of interlocking sheet piling arranged in outwardly convex arcuate sections, a series of spaced apart cross members extending transversely between said walls and having means at the ends thereof interlocking with the said walls at the junctures of said arcuate sections thereof, means interlocking with and extending between the cross members for spacing and connecting the same independently of the Walls, and anchoring piles for securing said cross members arranged in line between the interlocked connections of the said members and said walls.

GEORGE H. ATKINSON.

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