US2072788A - Tantalum carbide lamp - Google Patents

Tantalum carbide lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
US2072788A
US2072788A US26820A US2682035A US2072788A US 2072788 A US2072788 A US 2072788A US 26820 A US26820 A US 26820A US 2682035 A US2682035 A US 2682035A US 2072788 A US2072788 A US 2072788A
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United States
Prior art keywords
carbon
filament
carbide
lamp
tantalum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US26820A
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English (en)
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General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US26820A priority Critical patent/US2072788A/en
Priority to DEP71883D priority patent/DE644581C/de
Priority to GB16339/36A priority patent/GB476391A/en
Priority to FR807340D priority patent/FR807340A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2072788A publication Critical patent/US2072788A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/52—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01K1/54—Means for absorbing or absorbing gas, or for preventing or removing efflorescence, e.g. by gettering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to incandescent lamps. and more particularly to lamps having filaments which consist, in whole or in part, of a highly refractory carbide, such, for example,
  • the invention contemplates providing a source of uncombined carbon adjacent the carbide filament and enveloping the same in a medium zocapable of transferring carbon from the source to the filament.
  • a volatile carbon-bearing substance such as carbon di-sulphide which is decomposible at temperatures above 1000 C., but
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a lamp embodying the invention which is considered suitand 3 illustrate modifications of which the invention is capable.
  • an incandescible filament 4 Enclosed by-the container and centrally disposed therein is mounted an incandescible filament 4. Heating current for the filament is supplied through a pair of lead-in wires 5 and 6 which are suitably sealed into the press 8. To prevent excessive thermal evaporation of the filament material the envelope I may be filled at the time of seal-oil with a quantity of argon gas at a pressure within a range of about V to 2 atmospheres.
  • the filament 4 may consist wholly or partly of a carbide of the group of metals including tantalum, hafnium, zirconium and niobium, or a mixture of two or more such carbides. Particular compositions suitable for the purposes of 1935, Serial No. 26,820
  • the invention include the following (1) a mixture of four parts tantalum carbide and one part hafnium carbide; (2) a mixture of-four parts tantalum carbide and one part zirconium carbide. r
  • the filament may be formed by any of the many methods known to the prior art.
  • a procedure which has been found expedient includes mixing the oxide of tantalum or a corresponding metal with a cellulose 'blnder to obtain a plastic mass. The mixture is then extruded through a fine orifice and the resulting filament carbidized by heating in a reduction atmosphere in contact with free carbon.
  • Incandescible filaments prepared in this way and enveloped in an inert atmosphere may be heated by passage of electric current to temperatures at least as high as 3000 C. without serious thermal deterioration. Under such conditions the filament will act as an incandescent source of white light characterized by an efiiciency even exceeding that of the commercial tungsten lamp.
  • a body of uncombined carbon For preventing chemical dissociation of the carbide during lamp operation there may be used a body of uncombined carbon.
  • Fig. 1 this is illustrated as a deposit of lamp-black or soot collected on the lead-in wires 5 and 6 and the press and stem of the container I.
  • a quantity of a regenerative or vaporizable carbonaceous medium is provided in the container I .
  • a regenerative carbonaceous medium I intend to designate a medium which is capable of decomposing into free carbon and a volatile component at the operating temperature of the filament 4, such component being further capable ofreacting with the uncombined carbon at the lower temperature prevailing in its vicinity to cause regeneration of the medium.
  • a particular example of such a medium comprises carbon disulphide.
  • carbon disulphide as a suitable medium for use in connection with the invention
  • other vaporizable materials of similar characteristics may be employed in accordance with the invention.
  • carbon tetrachloride may be cited as an instance of a chlorine compound which, while decomposible in the presence of heat to liberate free carbon, is capable oi spontaneous regeneration at lower temperatures.
  • Atomic chlorine which will be produced by the decomposition is sufliciently active to react with uncombined carbon under the conditions stated.
  • FIG. 2 A second structural embodiment which may be employed in connection with the invention is shown in Fig. 2, in which parts corresponding to those illustrated in Fig. 1 are identically numbered.
  • a source of uncombined carbon a solid body of carbonaceous material 8 supported adjacent the carbide filament I by 9. depending rod 9.
  • heat radiated from the filament is able to maintain the surface of the body 8 at a sufilcient temperature to promote the ready combination of its carbon with the volatile products of decomposition of the carbonaceous medium enclosed in the container I.
  • the spacing chosen may be such that optimum temperature conditions for the alternate decomposition and regeneration of the gas will obtain.
  • the source of uncombined carbon takes the form of a carbonaceous filament i2 suspended below the incandescible refractorycarbide filament ii.
  • lead-in conductors l8 and i4 suitably sealed into the press I! are adapted to supply heating current to the member l2.
  • its temperature while being kept a predetermined number of degrees lower than that of the main filament. can be held sumciently high to expedite the regeneration of the carbon-bearing medium.
  • the temperature of the tungsten carbide to be in the neighborhood of 3000 C. a temperature of about 800 C. will prove most advantageous for the auxiliary filament i2 if carbon disulphide is the volatile medium employed.
  • the filament resistance may be chosen so that this temperature will result when line voltage is impressed across the lead-in conductors l3 and II. This can obviously be regulated by interspersing the carbonaceous material with a suitable high resistance binder, or by properly selecting the dimensions oi the filament.
  • Anelectric lamp comprising a container enclosing an incandescible filament containing tantalum carbide, a source of uncombined carbon and a quantity of carbon disulphide for supplying carbon from said source to said carbide to counteract dlssocation thereof during operation of said lamp.
  • An electric lamp comprising a container enclosing an incandescible filament containing tantalum carbide, a carbonaceous bocLv adjacent said filament and a regenerative carbonaceous gas for supplying carbon from said body to said carbide to counteract dissociation thereof .during operation of said lamp.
  • An electric lamp comprising a container enclosing a filament containing tantalum carbide, a second filament consisting essentially of uncombined carbon, separate lead-in conductors for heating said filaments, and a regenerative carbonaceous gas for supplying carbon from said second filament to the carbide of said first filament to counteract dissociation thereof during operation of said lamp.
  • An electric lamp comprising a container enclosing an incandescible element containing a carbide of the group consisting of tantalum, hafnium, zirconium and niobium, a source of uncombined carbon and a carbonaceous gas which is capable of decomposing into free carbon anda volatile component at the operating temperature of said element, said component being further capable of reacting with the uncombined carbon under the normal operating conditions of the lamp thereby to cause regeneration of said gas.
  • a container enclosing an incandescible element containing a carbide of the group consisting of tantalum, hafnium, zirconium and niobium, a source of uncombined carbon and a carbonaceous gas which is capable of decomposing into free carbon anda volatile component at the operating temperature of said element, said component being further capable of reacting with the uncombined carbon under the normal operating conditions of the lamp thereby to cause regeneration of said gas.
  • An electric lamp comprising a container enclosing an incandescible element containing tantalum carbide. a source of uncombined carbon and a carbonaceous gas which is decomposed into a volatile component and free carbon at the operating temperature of said element, said component being further capable of reacting with the uncombined carbon underthe normal conditions of operation of the lamp thereby to cause regeneration of saidgas.

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US26820A 1935-06-15 1935-06-15 Tantalum carbide lamp Expired - Lifetime US2072788A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US26820A US2072788A (en) 1935-06-15 1935-06-15 Tantalum carbide lamp
DEP71883D DE644581C (de) 1935-06-15 1935-10-01 Gasgefuellte elektrische Gluehlampe mit einem Leuchtkoerper aus hochschmelzenden Karbiden
GB16339/36A GB476391A (en) 1935-06-15 1936-06-11 Improvements in and relating to electric incandescent lamps
FR807340D FR807340A (fr) 1935-06-15 1936-06-15 Perfectionnements aux lampes à incandescence

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US26820A US2072788A (en) 1935-06-15 1935-06-15 Tantalum carbide lamp

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2072788A true US2072788A (en) 1937-03-02

Family

ID=21833948

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US26820A Expired - Lifetime US2072788A (en) 1935-06-15 1935-06-15 Tantalum carbide lamp

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2072788A (de)
DE (1) DE644581C (de)
FR (1) FR807340A (de)
GB (1) GB476391A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2928977A (en) * 1958-12-19 1960-03-15 Gen Electric Incandescent lamp
US3022437A (en) * 1960-01-29 1962-02-20 Polaroid Corp Electric lamps
US3022438A (en) * 1959-09-10 1962-02-20 Polaroid Corp Electric lamps
US3022436A (en) * 1960-01-29 1962-02-20 Polaroid Corp Electric lamps
US3132278A (en) * 1961-09-18 1964-05-05 Gen Electric Iodine cycle incandescent lamps
US3277330A (en) * 1960-07-15 1966-10-04 Polaroid Corp Incandescent lamp with tac filament and cyanide-radical producing and halogen atmosphere
US3433725A (en) * 1966-04-15 1969-03-18 Us Air Force Method of making metal or metalloid carbide yarn by decomposing the respective chloride in the presence of carbon yarn
US3441777A (en) * 1966-06-01 1969-04-29 Gen Telephone & Elect Elements for incandescent devices
US4297611A (en) * 1979-10-02 1981-10-27 Wagner Electric Corporation Control of tungsten filament erosion in a halogen lamp
US20050023985A1 (en) * 2002-03-04 2005-02-03 Ip2H Ag Source of light and method for regenerating a source of light

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1045539B (de) * 1952-04-12 1958-12-04 Polaroid Corp Elektrische Gluehlampe mit einem Tantalkarbidfaden und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
NL108831C (de) * 1956-01-16

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2928977A (en) * 1958-12-19 1960-03-15 Gen Electric Incandescent lamp
US3022438A (en) * 1959-09-10 1962-02-20 Polaroid Corp Electric lamps
US3022437A (en) * 1960-01-29 1962-02-20 Polaroid Corp Electric lamps
US3022436A (en) * 1960-01-29 1962-02-20 Polaroid Corp Electric lamps
US3277330A (en) * 1960-07-15 1966-10-04 Polaroid Corp Incandescent lamp with tac filament and cyanide-radical producing and halogen atmosphere
US3132278A (en) * 1961-09-18 1964-05-05 Gen Electric Iodine cycle incandescent lamps
US3433725A (en) * 1966-04-15 1969-03-18 Us Air Force Method of making metal or metalloid carbide yarn by decomposing the respective chloride in the presence of carbon yarn
US3441777A (en) * 1966-06-01 1969-04-29 Gen Telephone & Elect Elements for incandescent devices
US4297611A (en) * 1979-10-02 1981-10-27 Wagner Electric Corporation Control of tungsten filament erosion in a halogen lamp
US20050023985A1 (en) * 2002-03-04 2005-02-03 Ip2H Ag Source of light and method for regenerating a source of light
US7026760B2 (en) * 2002-03-04 2006-04-11 Ip2H Ag Source of light and method for regenerating a source of light

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB476391A (en) 1937-12-08
FR807340A (fr) 1937-01-09
DE644581C (de) 1937-05-08

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