US2069859A - Hair waving clamp - Google Patents

Description

Fel). 9, 1937. rB, A- STERLlNG 2,069,859

HAIR WAVING CLAMP Filed Oct. 19, 1934 Patented Feb. 9, 1937 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE;

11 Claims.

This invention relates to the waving of hair upon the human head, and more particularly to a protector clamp for application to the hair during the waving process.

The clamp of my present invention is especially adapted for use in co-nnection with Croquignole Waving, but it is to be understood that it may be used elsewhere as suitable and desired.

It is old in the art to apply a protector clamp to a strand or bunch of hair at the scalp and to wind the strand or bunch of hair in overlying layers from its outer end, whereupon a suitable solution and heat are applied to cause the hair to take the desired set.

Heretofore, however, the matter of closing and locking the jaws of the clamp upon the hair has presented a rather diiicult problem. Particularly, if the strand or bunch of hair is relatively thick it will hold the jaws apart a very appreciable amount, making it necessary with prior devices for the operator to grasp the jaws of the clamp and force them together in order to engage the locking device, if, indeed, it is possible to engage this device at all. The operator is usually a girl, with the result that it is frequently necessary to open the clamp and reduce the amount of hair therein in order to close and lock the same. Even where that is not necessary, the closing and locking of the device has been a difcult matter, requiring at least two distinct operations, which necessitates skill on the part of the operator and reduces the speed of the waving process.

The object of the present invention is to provide simple and conveniently manipulated means for positively and quickly closing the jaws of the clamp and locking the same in closed position.

More specically,'the invention provides, in a hair waving clamp comprising a pair of jaw members pivoted together at one end, a lever pivoted to one of the jaw members at the other end, and a jaw closing and latch member pivoted to the lever and engageable with the other jaw to close the jaws and lock the same in closed position. The jaw closing and latch member has a projecting nger which is adapted to engage the other jaw with the jaws open an appreciable amount, and the pivotal connection between the lever and the jaw closing and latch member is movable into or over dead center position to lock the jaws closed. Further, to facilitate the operation of the device, the other jaw is provided with a roller for engagement with the jaw closing and latch member. The latch member and lever are swingable as a unit about the pivotal connection to one jaw until the latch member engages theV other jaw, andV thereafter simultaneously about their Vrespective pivots to close the jaws and lock the same closed. The device is adapted to be closed and locked closed by one continuous manipula- 5 tion.

Another object is the provision of an improved construction of the resilient facing strips for the jaws of the clamp, and particularly an improvedV formation of the meeting surfaces of these strips l0 whereby to increase the life of these surfaces, particularly along the location at which the hunched strand of hair is gripped.

Another object is to provide a device which will conform better to the head, and in which the disposition of the device with respect to the head will be rendered more uniform throughout the length of the device. I d

Further objects and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view, partially in section, on the line I-I of Figure 2;

Figure 2 is a top plan view with the jaws in open position, and a bunch of hair positioned between the jaws;

Figures 3 and 4 are fragmentary top plan views showing the action of theV device for closing the jaws and locking the same in closed position;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view through the jaws of the clamp in closed. position, taken von the line 5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5, showing a modified form of the heat insulating strips secured to the facing strips of the jaws of the clamp; Y

Figure 7 is a fragmentary bottom plan view of the modified structure shown in FigureG; and l Figure 8 is a side elevational view of a modified 40 form of device.

The clamp shown in Figures 1 to 5, inclusive, comprises a pair of elongated arms or jaws 5 and 6 pivotally connected together at one end at l, and provided at the opposite end with a device T45 for closing the jaws and locking the same in closed position. This device constitutes an important aspect of the invention and will be described fully as this description proceeds.

In the illustrated embodiment, each jaw 5 andl 6 '5o is in the form of a sheet metal stamping of chan'- nel section. It is to be understood, however, that the jaws may, within the scope of the present invention, be of ber, wood, or any otherfcomparatively stii material.

At its pivoted end the channel section of the jaw 5 has its top and bottom flanges extended to form projecting tongues 8 which receive, between them, a pair of integral tongues 9 offset to lie closely together and extending out laterally from the top and bottom ilanges of the jaws 6. The tongues 8 and 9 are pivotally joined by the pivot 1 which may be in the form of a rivet or of other suitable or preferred form. The pivoted end of the jaw 6 has a tab II which is widened and turned up and notched at I2 to receive and support rotatably the adjacent end ofthe curler, indicated in its entirety at I3.

The back of the jaw 5 terminates short of the free end of the jaw, leaving the projecting tongues I4. The upper tongue I4 is elongated and fold-v ed back and turned up at I5 to form one side of the journal for the adjacent end of the curlerV I3. The back of the jaw 6 likewise terminates short of the free Iend of the jaw, and the adjacent end of the top flange of the channel section of` this jaw is widened,.turned up at I6, and

notched at I1 -to receive and support rotatably the adjacent end ofthe `crurler I'3,`the upturned journal part I5 on the jaw 5 constituting the other part of this journal, and when the jaws 5 and 6 areclosed, holding the adjacent end of the .curler I3 against lateral displacement `from the journal part I6. Y

Thevinner edge of eachjaw 5 and 6 is provided With'a facing strip I 8 of resilient material, such as rubber or the like. YThese strips I8 are substantially coextensive withthe jaws 5 and 6, and are secured in the channel sections thereof. In the illustrated embodiment, eachfacingV piece I8 j comprises a strip of relatively live or yielding rubber, or other equivalent material, groovedY at I9 to form a tongue which is pressed or otherwise suitably secured inthe channel section of the adjacent jaw andan integral bottomvfacing piece 2| underlyingY the bottom flange of the channel section of the jaw. The meeting edges of the facing'strips I8 project from the openV sides of the channel sections of the jaws to provide Yyieldable facings for gripping a bunched strand of .hair as indicated, for example, at 23 in Figure v2.

The meeting edges Vof these strips I8 may be ribbed or grooved-as shown, andY a heat insulating strip 25 Vof wood is preferably glued or otherwise securedto the bottom of the underlying part2| Vof eachstrip I8 to assure adequate4 in- -sulation between the human head and the heater which is applied to the ,woundV hair in a manner well-v understood in the aart. substantially coextensive `with the jaws, and the meeting edges of these strips Vare preferably rounded at V26 to diverge in a direction away from the jaws to reduce the length of hair between the scalp and the curler, and to avoid kinking of the hair. Y

The meeting edges of the facing'strips I8 are preferably rounded out slightly at 28 between the Y ends of the jaws 5 Vand 6 to give these meeting edges slightly-convex form along the location .Where the launched strand of hair 23 is gripped. It is found' that this materially increases the life of ithefacing strip along the location where the hair is gripped, and avoids the formation of depressions along these portions ofthe strip and of `such extent as to interfere with the proper gripping action ofthe jaws. A

The particular curler I3 selected for illustra- Y ,tionrisof thek type more fully disclosed in my prior Patent No. 1,862,721, patented June 14, 1932. Suffice it to say that this curler comprises the The strips 25 are Y metal spool or reel 30 of circular section diminishing in diameter from its opposite ends t0- ward the center and a saddle-likeretainer 32 pivoted to one end of the spool at 33. A finger-piece 34 is provided at one end of the spool for turning the same, and the opposite end of the spool has teeth 35 which cooperate with a spring pawl 36 to prevent unwinding of the spool. The spring pawl 36 comprises a spring strip turned in at its upper end for engagement with the teeth 35, and turned in and secured at its lower end at' 38 to the top of the jaw 6.

A pad is usually employed in waving the hair as well understood in the art, and for the purpose of receiving and retaining the same I provide a spring retainer 40 secured, for example, by

small screws 42 to the back of the jaw'6. The

retainer 4I) has an upwardly turned integral spring tongue 43, between which and the back of the retainer the substantially flat edgeof the pad is received and retainedwithout requiring a thickened edge along the margin of the pad.

The device for closing the jaws and locking the same in closed position comprises a lever V pivoted for free swinging movement at one end at 5I between vthe tongues I 4,'of the jaw 5. The lever 50 comprises a pair of superposed arched pieces between the pivoted ends of which a washer 52 is provided. A latch 53 is pivoted at 56, preferably relatively stiffly, between the free ends of the arched pieces constituting the lever 50, 4and thislatch 53 preferably has a shoulderY 54 which, by engagement with `an integral stop 55 turned down from the edge of the top piece of the lever 50, limits swinging movement -of the latch in a respective pivots as will hereinafterappear. *The latch 53 has a relatively short projecting finger 51 provided with a rounded cam edge 58` which has a depression 59. The latch 53 also has a lingerpiece 60, turned at substantially right angles to the pivoted part of the latch and preferably elon'- gated to give the operator a considerable me- CIK chanical advantage in closing and locking the'VV device.

Further,'to facilitate ease of operation of the device, the part on the jaw'6 for cooperation with the jaw closing and locking latch 53 is in the form of a roller 62. This roller 62 is mounted between integral tongues'63 projecting endwise from the top and bottom flanges ofthe channel section of the jaw 6 for free turning movementupon a pin 64 xed in the tongues 63, as by heading one end and riveting over the opposite end of`V the` pin.

With a bunch ofV hair `between the jaws 5 and 6, as shown at 23 in Figurek 2, the device is closed by applying the finger to the finger-piece `and pressing the same in the direction indicated` by the arrow in Figure 2. This swings the latch 53 Y swinging movementina counter-clockwise direction about the pivot 5I and, at the same time, the latch 53 swings in a counter-clockwise direction the same-direction, the lever 50 continuesfits Y Cil about the pivot 56. The resulting action gives the operator great mechanical advantage and forces the jaws and 6 positively to closed position with great force. gagement of the roller 62 with the latch 53, further facilitates the closing and locking action, and as the pin 54 moves past dead center a-ct (Figure 4) the jaws 5 and 6 are locked positively in closed position.

The jaws are released merely by applying the finger to the opposite side of the linger-piece 60 and pressing the same in the direction of the arrow as shown in Figure 4, until the pin 64 moves back over dead center a-a, whereupon the bunched hair at 23, or the convex intermediate edges 28 of the resilient facings I8, or both, act to spread the jaws quickly to open position.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that the latch 53 will take over the roller 62 with the jaws 5 and 6 open a considerable amount and with the free end of the lever 5l] sp-aced from. the jaw 6. The closing and locking actions are simple and convenient, and are obtained quickly and by one continuous manipulation of the finger-piece B0. It is unnecessary rst to engage the lever 5i) with the jaw 6, and thereafter to manipulate the latch to lock the jaws closed, and relatively thick as well as relatively thin bunches of hair may be handled with equal facility.

In the modification of Figures 6 and 7, the heat insulating strips 25 are formed of felt or other equivalent material, and instead of being glued to the facing strips I3', are stitched thereto at the opposite ends, as indicated at 'l2 (Figure '7).

In the modification of Figure 8, the jawsV 13, instead of being flat as shown in Figure 1, are of curved or arched form. This conforms these jaws better to the head and, as a result, the disposition of the jaws with respect to the head is rendered more uniform from end to end. In other words, the close proximityY of the intermediate portions of the jaws to the head is maintained over substantially the entire length of the jaws. The extremities of the jaws are preferably straightened at 'M and l5 to lie in a common plane b-b for facilitating proper journaling of the curler. And the straightening of the ends 14, where the closing and locking device is disposed, positions this device so that it will swing substantially in the plane b-b, or parallel thereto, and not down into engagement with the head, such as might otherwise result if the jaws were arched to their extremities.

I claim:

1. In a hair waving clamp, a pair of jawrmembers, means pivotally connecting said jaw members at one end of the clamp, a lever pivoted to one of said jaw members at the other end of the clamp, and a jaw closing and latch member pivoted to said lever and cooperable with the other jaw member, said lever and jaw closing and latch member being swingable simultaneously about their respective pivots to close the jaw members and to lock same in closed position.

2. In a hair waving clamp, a pair of jaw members, means .pivotally connecting said jaw members at one end of the clamp, a lever pivoted to one of said jaw members at the other end of the clamp, a jaw closing and latch member pivoted to said lever and cooperable with the other jaw member, said lever and jaw closing and latch member being swingable simultaneously about their respective pivots to close the jaw members, and means for restraining swinging movement of said latch member with respect to said lever until The roller action, due to the ensaid latchmember is brought into cooperation Ywith said other jaw member.

3. In a hair waving clamp, a pair of jaw members, means pivotally connecting said jaw members at one end of the clamp, alever pivoted to one of said jaw members at the other end of the clamp, a roller on the other jaw member, and a jaw closing and latch member pivoted to said lever and cooperable with said roller to close the jaw members.

4. In a hair waving clamp, a pair of jaw members, means .pivotally connecting said jaw members at one end of the clamp, a lever pivoted to one of said jaw members at the other end of the clamp, a roller on the other jaw member, and a jaw closing and latch member pivoted tosaid lever and cooperable with said roller to close the jaw members, the engagement of said latch member with said roller being swingable into or past dead center to lock the jaw members in closed position.

5. In a hair waving clamp, a pair of jaw members, means pivotally connecting said jaw members at one end of the clamp, a lever pivoted to one of said jaw members at the other end of the clamp, a latch member pivoted to said lever, and a projecting finger on said latch member for oooperation with the other jaw member ahead of the limit of swinging movement of said lever and operable to close said jaw member and to lock same in closed position.

6. In a hair waving clamp, a .pair of jaw members, means pivotally connecting said jaw members at one end of the clamp, a lever pivoted to one of said jaw members at the other end of the clamp, a latch member pivoted to said lever, a roller on the other jaw member, and a projecting finger on said latch member for cooperation with said roller ahead of the limit of swinging movement of said lever and operable to close said jaw member and to lock same in closed position.

7. In a hair waving clamp, a pair of jaw members, means pivotally connecting said jaw members at one end of the clamp, a lever pivoted to one of said jaw members at the other end of the clamp, a latch member pivoted to said lever and cooperable with the other jaw member to close said jaw members and lock same in closed position, and means for restraining said latch member against free swinging movement about its pivotal connection with said lever whereby said lever and latch member swing as a unit about the pivotal connection of the lever to one jaw member until the latch member is brought into cooperation with the other jaw member and thereafter about their respective pivots to close the jaw members and lock same in closed position.

8. In a hair waving clamp, a pair of jaw members, means pivotally connecting said jaw members at one end of the clamp, a lever pivoted to one of said jaw members at the other end of the clamp, a roller on the other jaw member, a latch member pivoted to said lever and cooperable with said roller to close said jaw members and to lock same in closed position, and means fo-r restraining said latch member against free swinging movement about its pivotal connection with said lever, whereby said lever and latch member swing as a unit about the pivotal connection of the lever to one jaw member and until the latch member is brought into cooperation with said roller and thereafter about their respective pivots to close the jaw members and lock same in closed position.

9. In a hair waving clamp, a pair of jaw members, means pivotally connecting said jaw members at one end of the clamp, a lever pivoted to one of said jaw members at the other end of the clamp, a jaw closing and latch member pivoted to said lever and cooperable With the other jaw member, means for restraining swinging movement of said latch member With respect to said lever until said latch member is brought into cooperation with said other jaw member, and means Vfor limiting swinging movement of said latch member with respect to said lever in the opposite direction.

10. In a hair Waving clamp, a pair of jaw members, means pivotally connecting said jaw members at one end of the clamp, and resilient facings for said jaw members, said resilient facings being of generally convex form along the location arched portions of Ysaid jaw members, Y means i pivoted to the straight end portion of one of said jaW members on a pivotal axis disposed substantially normal to'said straight end portion and swingable out of the path of curvature of the arched portion of said member into and out of cooperation with the straight end portion of the other jaw member for locking said members closed, and means pivotally connecting said jaw 16 members.I

BERNARD A. STERLING.

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