US2063804A - Electrical discharge control and television system - Google Patents

Electrical discharge control and television system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2063804A
US2063804A US676826A US67682633A US2063804A US 2063804 A US2063804 A US 2063804A US 676826 A US676826 A US 676826A US 67682633 A US67682633 A US 67682633A US 2063804 A US2063804 A US 2063804A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
arc
electrodes
screen
electrical discharge
television system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US676826A
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English (en)
Inventor
Henderson C Gillespie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
COMMUNICATION PATENTS Inc
COMMUNICATIONS PATENTS Inc
Original Assignee
COMMUNICATIONS PATENTS Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DENDAT257697D priority Critical patent/DE257697C/de
Application filed by COMMUNICATIONS PATENTS Inc filed Critical COMMUNICATIONS PATENTS Inc
Priority to US676826A priority patent/US2063804A/en
Priority to GB12730/34A priority patent/GB437602A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2063804A publication Critical patent/US2063804A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N3/00—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages
    • H04N3/10—Scanning details of television systems; Combination thereof with generation of supply voltages by means not exclusively optical-mechanical
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/08—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain
    • E02F3/12—Component parts, e.g. bucket troughs
    • E02F3/14—Buckets; Chains; Guides for buckets or chains; Drives for chains
    • E02F3/142—Buckets; Chains; Guides for buckets or chains; Drives for chains tools mounted on buckets or chains which loosen the soil, e.g. cutting wheels, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/08—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging elements on an endless chain
    • E02F3/12—Component parts, e.g. bucket troughs
    • E02F3/14—Buckets; Chains; Guides for buckets or chains; Drives for chains
    • E02F3/143—Buckets; Chains; Guides for buckets or chains; Drives for chains chains; chain links; scraper chains

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the electro-optical transmission of information from point to point, and particularly to electro-optical transmission known as television, wherein the reproduction of an object in varying intensities of light is at a rate within the persistence of vision.
  • Television systems of various types are well known in the art, such as those employing mechanical scanning arrangements for analyzing an objectinto unit areas by means of an apertured disk or drum, cathode ray systems, crystal screens, shutter screens and electrodynamic' discharge screens, the latter of which are disclosed in Alexander McLean Nicolsons Patents Nos. 1,839,696 and 1,863,278, and my co-pending United States application Serial No. 584,797, filed January 5, 1932.
  • Thepresent invention is directed to a new and novel construction of the are screen with a particular' energy supply to provide not only very stable propagation of the arc'or discharge, buta flexible and accurate speed control at higher rates than previously possible. 7
  • An'object of the invention is to accomplish television with transmitting and receiving apparatuscontaining no mechanical moving elements whatsoever.
  • Another object of the invention is to improve the speed controlof an electric discharge moving under the influence of a magnetic field.
  • Another object of the invention is to stabilize the operation of a moving electrical discharge and cause it to travel at higher speeds than has heretofore been possible.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic drawing of a television transmitter embodying the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a similar drawing of the conjugate receiver for the transmitter of Fig. 1, and;
  • Fig. 3 is a graph showing the arc currents in the receiving screen. 7
  • a television scanning screen 5. includes continuous are rails 6 and l in saw-tooth form, a mask 8 to hide the turning points, and a field winding 9, the field winding actually consisting of a plurality of turns for producing a flux perpendicular to the are created between the electrode rails.
  • the field is supplied from a direct current source l2 under control of a rheostat I3.
  • the arcrails are supplied froma vacuum tube amplifier l having a plate potential source I 6 and a cathode heating supply ll.
  • the amplifier l5 has connected in its input circuit a source of alternating current l8, variable in frequency.
  • the tube I5, therefore, supplies electrodes 6 and l with direct current having an alternating'current component.
  • an aperture plate 20 Positioned anteriorly of the screen 5 is an aperture plate 20 to produce a unit area light beam for projection on anobject 0, shown as Q;
  • a photoelectric cell 2i Light from the object is detected by a photoelectric cell 2i and the currents or voltages generated are fed into an amplifier 22, from whence they are impressed upon a modulator 23, supplied from a carrier frequency source 2d.
  • the output of the modulator 23 may be impressed upon an antenna 25 for transmission by wireless or upon a wire transmission line.
  • the electrode rails are shown in saw-tooth form with projecting points substantially opposite one another, the arc being formed between opposite points by the peak of each alternating current component.
  • These series of gaps may be constructed in any manner as long as they are at substantially equal intervals.
  • the tips may also be round as well as pointed.
  • the ions formed by the striking of the are are moved along the path of the electrodes by the magnetic field during the time when the arc is extinguished, as well as when the arc exists and each succeeding arc strikes at succeeding points.
  • the arc will have a general speed dependent upon the strength of the field 9 and the frequency and intensity of the arc current, and may be varied over a considerable range by changes in frequency of the oscillator 58.
  • an antenna 38 picks up the electromagnetic waves from the antenna 25 and feeds an amplifier 3i. From an intermediate stage of the amplifier a portion of the energy is impressed upon a detector 32, which after demodulation of the carrier is impressed upon an oscillator 33 to maintain this oscillator in step with the transmitter oscillator, and thereby synchronizing the electrical discharges at the transmitter and receiver. After complete amplification in amplifier 3i, the output is fed onto an arc screen 35, similar to screen 5, through a coupling condenser 33 and a vacuum tube 38. Tube 38 has a plate voltage supply 39 and a cathode heating supply 38.
  • the input of vacuum tube 38 is connected to the oscillator 33 for the purpose of producing across the electrode rails t2 and 53 the same periodic potential variations as occur across electrodes 8 and l at the transmitter, due to oscillator l3.
  • a high frequency choke 3'5 provides a direct current path for tube 38 and prevents a short circuit of amplifier iii.
  • the screen 35 includes a magnetic field winding supplied from a direct current source it under control of a rheostat 41.
  • the receiver operates by detecting the incoming waves which have been modulated by the currents from photo-electric cell 2! and supplying the output to oscillator 33, to maintain it in step with the oscillator i8, while the undemodulated output of amplifier 3! is impressed directly upon the electrodes of screen 35.
  • the frequency of oscillator I8 is represented by the groups of carrier frequency waves, while the modulation or light intensities ofunit areas of the object are represented by the amplitude of the carrier frequency. That is, each group of carrier frequencies represents the time of the arc at one point or position, there being a time lapse between each group, due to the arc being extinguished while the ions move from one pair of points to the next or from gap to gap. In other words, scanning is by step-by-step propagation, the arc being extinguished during a certain period of the movement.
  • the arc is naturally bowed by the magnetic field at the time it exists and this movement, together with the force of the field on the ions existing after the arc is extinguished, causes the arc to strike at the succeeding point.
  • the arc is created at intervals in steps, the optical system enables the arc to cover the entire field.
  • substantially no dark areas are apparent by direct observation.
  • An illuminating screen comprising a plurality of corrugated electrodes having parallel axes, means for maintaining a magnetic field in which said electrodes are located, and means for sucessively initiating a series of arcs along said electrodes.
  • An illuminating screen comprising a plurality of rows of electrodes having parallel axes and of alternate polarity, means for creating a local field around said electrodes, said electrodes having foreshortened gaps at substantially equal intervals, and means for impressing a varying potential on said electrodes to create a series of electrical discharges along said gaps.
  • a plurality of illuminating screens each having a plurality of spaced electrodes having parallel axes, said electrodes having foreshortened gaps at substantially equal intervals along the length thereof, each of said intervals being of the dimension of a unit area of the picture, and respective oscillators producing a series of discharges along said electrodes at said gaps, one of said oscillators controlling the frequency of the output of the other oscillators.
  • An illuminating screen for picture transmission comprising a plurality of spaced electrodes having parallel axes, said electrodes having foreshortened gaps at substantially equal intervals along the length thereof, said interval being of the order of the dimension of a unit area of the picture, and means for establishing a discharge between the electrodes.
  • An illuminating screen for picture transmission comprising a plurality of spaced electrodes having parallel axes, said electrodes having ioreshortened gaps at substantially equal intervals along the length thereof, said interval being of the order of the dimension of a unit area of the picture, means including a source of alternating current for establishing periodic discharges between said electrodes, and means for producing a magnetic field for propagating said discharge along said electrodes.
  • An illuminating screen comprising a plurality of electrodes having their axes equally spaced from one another and having projections therefrom at substantially equal intervals along the length thereof, said projections being arranged to form a coordinate picture area, and means for creating a series of electrical discharges between said electrodes at successive intervals, each discharge being of the order of the dimension of a unit area of the picture.
  • An illuminating screen for picture transmission comprising a plurality of electrodes havtheir axes parallel and equally spaced, said electrodes having foreshcrtened gaps at substantially equal intervals along the length thereof, said interval being of the order of the dimension of a unit area of the picture, and means for establishing a discharge between said electrodes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Transforming Electric Information Into Light Information (AREA)
  • Arc Welding Control (AREA)
US676826A 1933-06-21 1933-06-21 Electrical discharge control and television system Expired - Lifetime US2063804A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DENDAT257697D DE257697C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1933-06-21
US676826A US2063804A (en) 1933-06-21 1933-06-21 Electrical discharge control and television system
GB12730/34A GB437602A (en) 1933-06-21 1934-04-27 Improvements in and relating to television systems

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US676826A US2063804A (en) 1933-06-21 1933-06-21 Electrical discharge control and television system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2063804A true US2063804A (en) 1936-12-08

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ID=24716165

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US676826A Expired - Lifetime US2063804A (en) 1933-06-21 1933-06-21 Electrical discharge control and television system

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2063804A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE257697C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB437602A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE829670C (de) * 1950-02-10 1952-01-28 Ludwig Ressle Grabenaushebemaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB437602A (en) 1935-10-28
DE257697C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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