US2052985A - Piston - Google Patents

Piston Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2052985A
US2052985A US240379A US24037927A US2052985A US 2052985 A US2052985 A US 2052985A US 240379 A US240379 A US 240379A US 24037927 A US24037927 A US 24037927A US 2052985 A US2052985 A US 2052985A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
skirt
piston
head
extending
pin bosses
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US240379A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Adolph L Nelson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bohn Aluminum and Brass Corp
Original Assignee
Bohn Aluminum and Brass Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bohn Aluminum and Brass Corp filed Critical Bohn Aluminum and Brass Corp
Priority to US240379A priority Critical patent/US2052985A/en
Priority to DEB140959D priority patent/DE518044C/de
Priority to CH140827D priority patent/CH140827A/de
Priority to FR666730D priority patent/FR666730A/fr
Priority to GB37280/28A priority patent/GB302605A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2052985A publication Critical patent/US2052985A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/02—Pistons  having means for accommodating or controlling heat expansion
    • F02F3/04—Pistons  having means for accommodating or controlling heat expansion having expansion-controlling inserts
    • F02F3/047—Pistons  having means for accommodating or controlling heat expansion having expansion-controlling inserts the inserts being located around the gudgeon pin bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/02—Pistons  having means for accommodating or controlling heat expansion
    • F02F3/04—Pistons  having means for accommodating or controlling heat expansion having expansion-controlling inserts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/04—Resilient guiding parts, e.g. skirts, particularly for trunk pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/02—Light metals
    • F05C2201/021—Aluminium

Definitions

  • This invention relates toupistons, particularly to pistons for use in internal combustion engines,
  • the invention is especially applicable to light weight pistons forl automobile engines, and has fo; anvobject to provide novel means for carrying thrustloads from the piston pinto the cylinderbearing portions of the piston.
  • the piston comprises a head having piersextending downwardly to which the skirt is attached, and a particular,
  • a further feature of invention resides in providing a construction in-which the-upper end of the skirt isgiven a certain amount of exibility to enable it to ride-smoothly over any tight places in the cylinder even when lthe piston clearance is very small.
  • the invention also provides a pistonin which the lower end ofthe skirt is provided with a piston ring and which can be molded in a permanent mold having a three piece core.
  • Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a piston.
  • Fig. 2 is anelevation partly in section taken at right angles to Fig. l. Y
  • Fig. 3 is an elevation showing a variation.
  • Fig. 4 is an elevation showing a further variation.
  • Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a piston embodying an additional feature.
  • Fig. 6 is a bottom plan view of a piston.
  • Fig. 7 is an elevation partly in section of a piston having a ring at its lower end.
  • Fig. 8 is a section on lines 8-8 of Fig. '7 but with the ring removed and with the core sections in place to illustrate the method of casting.
  • the reference numeral I0 indicates the head of the piston, while numerals II are applied to piers depending from the head and having piston pin bosses I2 formed therein.
  • the skirt comprises an annular portion I3 which has a homogeneous connection with the lower ends of the piers, and cylinder-bearing slippers I4 and I5 which project upwardly l from the 'annulus I3, the slippers being separated from the head by slots I 6 and from the piers by vertical openings I1.
  • the head and skirt are formed of any suitable material,.such as a light-weight alloy, and in order to control the expansion of the upper ends of the slippers .
  • a pair of struts I8 maybe placed across the piston connecting .the slippers, 10 the struts being formed of some material less expansible than the piston material. lThese struts prevent excessive expansion of the upper end of the skirt, and in connection therewith it is necessaryto form the vpiston in such a manner that the lower end of the skirt-will. not expand into harmful contact with the walls of the cylinder in which the piston is operating.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 I have shown 20 that the skirt may be formed on a slight taper, with the diameter of the lower end of the skirt at A-A slightly less than the diameter at the upper end of the skirt, at B-B.
  • the lower end of the skirt may be constructed in such a manner that the diameter C-C parallel to the axis of the pin bosses is less than the diameter D-D, perpendicular to said axis.
  • a convenient method of producing this construction is to grind the lower end of the skirt to an oval or other suitable shape while finish grinding the piston.
  • connection I9 is offset from the center line of the pier, and extend up along the sides of the slipper I4 for a considerable distance.
  • This offset arrangement has several advantageous features. For example, in this construction the upper part of the connection I9 approaches the line of thrust from the piston pin to the slipper Ill, and by inserting the piston in the cylinder so that the slipper I4 will carry the main thrust load, the connection I9 will 50 help to carry the thrust load and thereby lighten the load on the strut joints.
  • By extending the connection I9 high enough along the slipper I4 it is possible to omit the anchorage at thc center of the strut.
  • VAnother feature of the invention resides in making provision for a piston ring at the lower end of the skirt while using a permanent mold having a three-piece core.-
  • the Wall'of the skirt must be keptV as thin as possible, and to form aring groove in thewall necessitates forming a rib on theinside of the skirt to bridge over'the".
  • a piston comprising a head, piersdepending from the head and having pin bosses formed therein, an annular portion Aconnected to the lower ends of the piers, tongues Vextending upwardly from the annular portion and formed of light weight 'materiaL and struts of relatively inexpansible material extending across the piston between the tongues, the line of connection between each pier and the annular portion extending partway up along the side of a tongue.
  • a piston comprising a head and a skirt formed of light Weight material, struts of relatively inexpansible material controlling the expansion of the upper end of the skirt, the skirt being tapered to give the lower end of the skirt a smaller diameter than the upper end thereof when cold.
  • a piston comprising a head, piers depending from the head and having pin bosses formed therein, a skirt having an uninterrupted annular portion connected to the lower ends of the piers and tongues extending upwardly from the annular portion, the skirt being tapered to give the lower end of the skirt a smaller diameter than the upper end thereof when cold.
  • a piston comprising a head, piers depending from the head and having pin bosses formed therein, a skirt'formed of light weight material having an annular portion connected to the lower ends of the piers and tongues extending upwardly from the annular portion, strut-s of relatively inexpansible material controlling the expanslon of the upper end of the skirt, the skirt being tapered to give the lower end of the skirt asmaller diameter than the upper end thereof when cold.
  • a piston comprising a head, piers depending from the headand having pin -bosses lformed therein, a skirtjormed of ⁇ lightweight material having an uninterruptedan'nular' portion connected to the lower ends of the piers and tongues extending upwardly from the annular portion, struts of relatively inexpansible material controlling the expansion Yof the upper end of the fskirt, the skirtbein'g-"tapered to give the lower end of the skirt a. smaller diameter than the upper end thereof when cold.
  • a piston' comprising a head, piers depending from the f head and having pin bosses formed therein, a skirt including bearing portions separated at their upper ends from the head, parts connecting thelower' ends'of 'the bearing portions to each other, thehead and'bearing portions being-formed of a relatively lightweight material, a pair of struts extending between the ⁇ bearing portions, the struts beingrformed-of a.
  • each web being homogeneousV with a pier and with a' bearing portion, the webs extending in a generaldirection. outwardly and downwardly from the pinibosses, the bearingportion adjacent the webs being formed with a slot extending upwardly fromthe lower edge of the skirt.
  • a piston comprising la, head, piers depending from the head and having pin bosses formed therein, a skirt including bearing portions separated at their upper ends from the head, parts connecting the lower ends of the bearing portions to each other, the head and bearing portions being formed of a relatively light weight material, a pair of struts extending between 'the bearing' portions, the struts being formed of a material having a lower coeiiicient of thermal expansion than the material of the bearing portions, a pair of webs, each web being homogeneous with a pier and with a bearing portion, the webs extending in a general direction outwardly and downwardly from the pin bosses, the bearing portion farthest away from the oiset webs be- .ing formed with a slot extending upwardly from the lower edge of the skirt.
  • a piston comprising a head, a skirt having pin bosses formed therein, an arcuate rib formed on the inside of the skirt below the piston pin opening in each pin boss, each of said ribs extending circumferentially over a considerable arc of the wall of the skirt, the ribs being discontinued over small arcs at points spaced 90 from the pin bosses, the skirt being formed with a groove extending into said ribs and cutting completely through the skirt along the arcs wherethe ribs are discontinued ⁇ 10.
  • a piston comprising a head, a skirt having pin bosses formed therein, an arcuate rib formed on the inside of the skirt below the piston pin opening in each pin boss, each of said ribs extending circumferentially along the skirt wall for at least of the circumference of the skirt.
  • the ribs being discontinued over small arcs on opposite sides of the skirt at points midway between the pin bosses, the skirt being formed with a piston-ring groove extending into said ribs and cutting completely through the skirt along the arcs where the ribs are discontinued.
  • a piston comprising a head. a skirt ⁇ having pin bosses formed therein, two thrust faces between the pin bosses, the thrust faces lying on opposite sides of the skirt and extending from the top of the skirt to the bottom of the skirt.
  • an arcuate rib formed on the inside of the skirt below the piston pin 'opening in each pin boss and extending circumferentially along the skirt wall from one thrust face to the other, the ribs being discontinued over small arcs at the circumferential center of each thrust face.
  • the skir-t being formed with a groove extending into said ribs and cutting completely through the skirt along the arcs where the ribs are discontinued.
  • a piston comprising a head, piers depending from the head and having pin bosses formed therein, a skirt including bearing portions separated at their vupper ends from the head.
  • the head and bearing portions being formed of a relatively light weight material, a. pair of struts extending chordally of the piston between the bearing portions, the struts being formed of a material having a lower coeiiicient of thermal expansion than the material of the bearing portions, each strut having its opposite ends in contact with opposite bearing portions, a pair of webs, each web being homogeneous with a pier and with a bearing portion, the webs extending in general direction outwardly and downwardly from the pin bosses.
  • a piston comprising a head, a skirt having pin bosses formed therein, arcuate ribs formed on the inside of the skirt, each of said ribs extending circumferentially along the skirt wall for at least 90 of the circumference of the skirt, the ribs being discontinued over small arcs on opposite sides of the skirt at points midway between the pin bosses, the skirt being formed with a pistonring groove extending into said ribs and cutting completely through the skirt along the arcs where the ribs are discontinued.
  • a piston comprising a head, a skirt having piston pin bosses formed therein, parts of the skirt wall lying adjacent the ends of a diameter at right angles to the axis of the pin bosses constituting thrust faces, tle part of the skirt wall lying below the horizontal plane ofthe axis of the piston pin bosses comprising an annular part, said annular part being formed with a piston ring groove, the piston-ring groove being dened by side walls continuous circumferentiaily of the piston, and a bottom wall continuous circumferentially around the piston except at the center of each thrust face, where the bottom wall is discontinued and the groove cuts completely through the skirt wall.
  • a piston comprising a head, a skirt having piston pin bosses formed therein, part of the skirt lying below the axis of the piston pin bosses beingl formed with a piston-ring groove, parts of the skirt projecting inwardly around the groove to form a bottom wall for the groove continuous except at two places adjacent the ends of a diameter perpendicular to the axis of the piston pin bosses, and at said two places there are no parts projecting inwardly from the skirt wall.
  • a piston comprising a head, a skirt having piston pin bosses formed therein, parts of the circumferential wall of the skirt lying between the Vbosses on each side of the skirt constituting thrust faces, the skirt being formed with a pistonring groove, parts of the skirt projecting inwardly around the groove to form a bottom wall for the groove.
  • the bottom wall being circumferentially continuous except adiacent the center of each thrust face, where the groove cuts completely through the skirt wall, the center of each thrust face from' points adjacent the upper end of the skirt and extending down to the bottom of the skirt, being free of any inwardly projecting parts.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
US240379A 1927-12-16 1927-12-16 Piston Expired - Lifetime US2052985A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US240379A US2052985A (en) 1927-12-16 1927-12-16 Piston
DEB140959D DE518044C (de) 1927-12-16 1928-12-13 Kolben fuer Brennkraftmaschinen
CH140827D CH140827A (de) 1927-12-16 1928-12-15 Tauchkolben.
FR666730D FR666730A (fr) 1927-12-16 1928-12-15 Perfectionnement aux pistons
GB37280/28A GB302605A (en) 1927-12-16 1928-12-17 Improvement in pistons

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US240379A US2052985A (en) 1927-12-16 1927-12-16 Piston

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2052985A true US2052985A (en) 1936-09-01

Family

ID=22906292

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US240379A Expired - Lifetime US2052985A (en) 1927-12-16 1927-12-16 Piston

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2052985A (de)
CH (1) CH140827A (de)
DE (1) DE518044C (de)
FR (1) FR666730A (de)
GB (1) GB302605A (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0050257A1 (de) * 1980-10-17 1982-04-28 Mahle Gmbh Leichter Tauchkolben für Verbrennungsmotoren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE518044C (de) 1931-02-12
CH140827A (de) 1930-06-30
GB302605A (en) 1930-01-23
FR666730A (fr) 1929-10-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2442408A (en) Piston cooling construction
US2052985A (en) Piston
US1763523A (en) Piston
US1758444A (en) Piston
US2217542A (en) Piston
US1784291A (en) Piston
US2497380A (en) Piston
US2120019A (en) Piston
US2186375A (en) Piston
US2829017A (en) Piston
US2026789A (en) Piston for internal combustion motors
US2248175A (en) Piston
US1891419A (en) Piston
US2060292A (en) Piston
US1944223A (en) Piston
US2083533A (en) Piston for internal combustion motors
US2321054A (en) Piston
US2869946A (en) Light alloy piston for internal combustion engines
US2028322A (en) Composite piston
US3369466A (en) Light metal piston
US2024958A (en) Light metal piston
US1279184A (en) Piston.
US1659799A (en) Piston
US1835874A (en) Piston
US2108865A (en) Piston for internal combustion motors