US2043471A - Fuel oil burner - Google Patents

Description

9, 1936 P. DUNCAN FUEL OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 1'7, 1934 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented June 9, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1 2 Claims.

This invention relates to fuel oil burners and more particularly to those of that character wherein steam is used in conjunction'with the oil to produce a combustible mixture andhas for its principal object to provide for more "efiicient breaking up of the-fuel =oi1 and mixture thereof with the steam.

Other important objects of the invention are to prevent boiling or foaming of the oil-priorto mixture with the steam,-to'providefor steadyfiow of oil across the path of the steam jet, to provide for uniform atomization of the oil regardless of variation of the steam pressure, and to provide a burner structure requiring no adjustment other than that of the usual steam and oil control valves.

In accomplishing these and other objects of the invention, I have provided improved details of structure, the preferred form of which is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an oil burner constructed in accordance with the present invention, a part of the housing being broken away to better illustrate the interior construction of the burner.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through the burner.

Fig. 3 is an end view of the burner.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view on the line 4-4, Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a similar cross section on the line 5-5, Fig. 2.

Referring more in detail to the drawing:

I designates the body of the burner which includes a cylindrical wall 2 having a forwardly offset upper portion 3 to provide a hooded outlet for the oil directly above the steam outlet as later described. The end of the body below the offset is closed by a substantially semi-circular end wall 4 having a horizontally located slotted opening 5 therethrough for the outlet of steam from the steam chamber 6. The outlet end of the offset portion 3 is closed by a similar substantially semicircular plate portion I having a horizontal lower edge 8 extending slightly below the upper horizontal edge 9 of the end wall 4 and cooperating therewith to form a fuel outlet port H] extending transversely across the burner parallel with but opening at right angles to the steam outlet 5. The opposite end of the cylindrical body portion of the burned is closed by a conically shaped end wall H terminating in an axially aligned internally threaded neck I2 to receive a threaded end of a steam supply pipe it through which steam is admitted to the steam chamber 9 for flow through the slotted opening 5 and across the path of the oil.gravitating through the port It.

Extending across the upper portion of the steam chamber and cooperating with the upper forward portion of the cylindrical wall is a substantia'lly semi elliptically shaped partition l4 having its curvedsides connected with the cylindrical wall 2 and its lower end 16 connected with the-horizontal upper edge 9 of the end wall 4 to form a closed oil heating chamber 48.

The partition i4 is, therefore, extremely narrow near its rear end and gradually widens hear the front end of theburner to provide a heating surface increasing in width in the direction which the oili'lows. Likewise, the capacity of the heating chamber gradually increases-towardthe outlet l0.

Connected in the wall 2 directly above the rear end of the partition I4 is an internally threaded collar it in which is threaded the end of an oil supply pipe 20 through which oil is admitted to the burner.

The oil admitted through the pipe 20 drops onto the partition and flows thereover to the oil outlet iii. The partition being heated by the steam chamber forms a heater for the oil whereby the oil is gradually heated because the point at which the oil first enters the oil chamber is of relative- 1y small area and the body of the oil is confined in a relatively restricted space so that 'the temperature of the oil is not suddenly raised on its admission to the burner but gradually picks up its heat from the plate M as the flow of oil gradually thins out and spreads thereover during its downward travel toward the larger end of the oil chamber.

This gradual heating of the oil prevents boiling and foaming thereof which might tend to interfere with its uniform and quiescent flow through the outlet port Ill. If the oil were caused to boil and foam, it would be emitted through the outlet port in large volumes and the flame of the burner would not be uniform.

By designing the inclined partition so that the oil is gradually heated, it flows in a quiescent state across the upper edge of the end wall and through the port I0 to be atomized by the steam escaping through the outlet 5.

Due to large capacity of the steam chamber relatively to the steam supply pipe, variation in the steam pressure is not critical and the burner will operate successfully regardless of whether or not the steam is under high or low pressure.

In order to regulate flow of the steam and oil, the respective steam and oil pipes are provided with ordinary control valves 2i and 22.

In order to prevent oil from flowing over the sides of the steam jet that is emitted through the slot 5, the side walls of the offset extension 3 may be provided with inwardly extending wings 23 and 24 having downwardly inclined upper faces 25 which guide the oil toward the center of the steam jet and prevent it spreading outwardly beyond the width of the steam jet.

In operating a burner constructed and assembled as described, steam is admitted to the steam chamber by opening the steam valve 2| and after filling the steam chamber, the steam will be discharged through the slotted opening 5 in substantially fan-like formation. Oil will be admitted to the oil chamber by opening the valve 22 which allows the oil to gravitate onto the upper end of the partition l4 and flow theredown with the flow of the oil spreading uniformly over the width of the partition so that the oil is gradually heated by the time it reaches the outlet port It]. The oil flows through the outlet port transversely to the direction of the steam jet so that it is picked up thereby and atomized for providing a combustible mixture.

From the foregoing, it is apparent that I have provided a simple, inexpensive burner construction wherein'the oil is prevented from boiling or foaming due to the fact that it is gradually heated so that the oil flows steadily and evenly over the steam jet.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An oil burner including a cylindrical housing having a steam outlet in an end thereof and having an offset portion above the steam outlet provided with a downwardly opening oil outlet,

an inclined partition extending from the cylindrical wall portion of the housing to the end thereof having said outlets to divide the housing into an oil chamber of gradually increasing Width toward the oil outlet to provide a gradually increasing heating surface for oil flowing thereover toward the oil outlet and a steam chamber of gradually decreasing capacity toward the steam outlet, means for admitting oil to the oil chamber above the narrow end of the partition, and means for admitting steam to the steam chamber.

2. In an oil burner including a housing having an upper ofiset portion provided with an oil outlet and having a steam outlet below the oil outlet, a partition in the housing dividing the housing into oil and steam chambers and sloping in the direction of the oil outlet to direct oil over the steam outlet, wings located above the steam outlet and extending inwardly at opposite sides of the offset portion for limiting the width of the stream of oil directed across the steam outlet, means for admitting oil to the oil chamber I at the upper end thereof, and means for admitting steam to the steam chamber.

PAT DUNCAN.

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