US2038657A - Method for making gas - Google Patents
Method for making gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2038657A US2038657A US486330A US48633030A US2038657A US 2038657 A US2038657 A US 2038657A US 486330 A US486330 A US 486330A US 48633030 A US48633030 A US 48633030A US 2038657 A US2038657 A US 2038657A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- gas
- combustion
- zone
- steam
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
- C10J2300/0933—Coal fines for producing water gas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S48/00—Gas: heating and illuminating
- Y10S48/04—Powdered fuel injection
Definitions
- @Mns-aus' can w A/ //v /A/ Il. ////////V/f//////m//// M noauto? Patented Apr. 28, 1936 ,lix'rralw'r 'OFFICE METHOD FOR MAKING GAS Charles B. Hillhouse, Newport, R. I., assignor to Sylvia Remsen Hillhouse, New York, N. Y.
- the invention relates toa method and apparatus for combustion whereby gases of combustion are screened oif from materials in the same chamber upon which heat from said combustion 5 is acting, and by a screen which does not materially reduce heat transference.
- the invention may be utilized for general purposes or as an improvement in my pending applications Ser. No. 631,778, filed April 13, 1923, Ser.
- the present invention supplies a Way of arranging4 axial combustion.so that the feed of -fuel holds the gases of combustion in a defined course through the chamber without materially reducing the heat radiation of the combusting fuel.
- the method consists in feeding fuel in sheet form to surround axial combustion and then mixing the fuel current with air from combustion while deflecting them into a ame.
- the products of combustion pass axially through the surrounding and moving sheet of fuel, either gaseous, liuid or solid or a mixture of any kind.
- Oil, or combustible gas free from nitrogen, or other uid conveyor may be used for the purpose of injecting fuel into the generator or furnace in suitable sheet form, either alone or accompanied by powdered coal or other fuel.
- the current of fuel must have suliicient body and ve1ocity to confine the gases of combustion and prevent kthem from extending into the gas making materials or other materials acted upon.
- the screen will offer most protection where most needed.
- a hollow circular axial flame it will allow inward expansion of the hot gases of combustion as well as expansion outwardly, and will allow combustion taking place nearer the object to which heat is to be transferred, along the walls of the chamber.
- the accompanying drawing shows an applica- 30 tion of this method to making water gas, but the screened off hot zone near the furnace walls can be used for other purposes as well.
- the drawing also shows a preferred Way of having the fuel current travel from top to bot- 35 tom of the chamber, but the directions of the flame and fuel current could be reversed.
- the drawing is a somewhat diagrammatic vertical sectional view of a device for effecting the above mentioned process. 40
- this method of combustion -mayb carried out in the following mannerA when powdered coal is used as fuel and in gas making.
- the basey of the apparatus is indicated at I, 45 and upon the space there is erected an annular wall 2, which is hollow as at 3 so as to permit air from a lead 4, to be heated on its passage down to an inlet 5, into the main chamberG, of the ap- 2 i in the best position to create downward suction in the deilector 9 on ⁇ the side of said deflector nea-rer to the walls 2, and in exact augment with a circular fuel sheet indicated I I which fuel sheet moves downwardly into deflector 9, the suction from the incoming hot air maintaining a strong fuel current in the sheet I I.
- a gas conveying medium preferably a portion of the made gases or oil is' indicated as conveyed by a medium as I2.
- the steam accelerating and conveying medium preferably preheated as shown, by I3; and 'conveying medium for steam for gas making purposes by I4; -while I5 is the main source of steam.
- Powdered coal for fuel is entered thru conduit I9, preferably in a semi-fluid state, as for instance by a Kinyon pump using a portion of made gas instead of air for fluidifying. Powdered fuel 'in the above semi-fluid condition is caused to run like water from faucets as at I1' as used for chemical requirements in making water gas and for combustion.
- the gas making materials from I4 and I1 enter the chamber 6 tangentially and made gases indicated at I8, after helically revolving about axial combustion'zone 1 leave the gas generator 6 by a tangential outlet I9.
- 'I'he circular sheet of fuel I I is'composed of powdered coal from I1 and conveyed by gas or o ⁇ il from I2 and ac- ⁇ celerated by the steam, preferably preheated, from conveying member I3. Accelerators may be added to the outlets asindicated at 25 and 26.
- the circular defiector 9 is built around a truncated cone 2l so as to direct the combusting materials toward the burning the same to form an axial combustion zone extending in an opposite direction to the fuel feed, and feeding carbonaceous material and steam to be gasified along a Ahelical path to surround the fuel feeding zone, and in direct marginal contacttherewith whereby the heat from the axial combustion zone is transferred to the gas making materials to convert same into a gas.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Description
C. B. HILLHOUSE METHOD FOR MAKING GAS April 2s, 1936.
Filed Oct. 4, 1.930
@Mns-aus' can w A/ //v /A/ Il. ////////V/f//////m/// M noauto? Patented Apr. 28, 1936 ,lix'rralw'r 'OFFICE METHOD FOR MAKING GAS Charles B. Hillhouse, Newport, R. I., assignor to Sylvia Remsen Hillhouse, New York, N. Y.
Application october 4, 1930, serial No. 486,330 3 claims. (c1. 413-197) The invention relates toa method and apparatus for combustion whereby gases of combustion are screened oif from materials in the same chamber upon which heat from said combustion 5 is acting, and by a screen which does not materially reduce heat transference.
The invention may be utilized for general purposes or as an improvement in my pending applications Ser. No. 631,778, filed April 13, 1923, Ser.
m No. 17,565, led March 19, 1927, and Ser, No.
256,722, filed February 24, 1928, which applications relate to gas producers. The present invention supplies a Way of arranging4 axial combustion.so that the feed of -fuel holds the gases of combustion in a defined course through the chamber without materially reducing the heat radiation of the combusting fuel.
The method consists in feeding fuel in sheet form to surround axial combustion and then mixing the fuel current with air from combustion while deflecting them into a ame.
The products of combustion pass axially through the surrounding and moving sheet of fuel, either gaseous, liuid or solid or a mixture of any kind. Oil, or combustible gas free from nitrogen, or other uid conveyor may be used for the purpose of injecting fuel into the generator or furnace in suitable sheet form, either alone or accompanied by powdered coal or other fuel.
The current of fuel must have suliicient body and ve1ocity to confine the gases of combustion and prevent kthem from extending into the gas making materials or other materials acted upon.
As the fuel current is strongest at its entrance,
while the velocity of the iiame may have slackened and expanded at that point, the screen will offer most protection where most needed.
If a hollow circular axial flame is used it will allow inward expansion of the hot gases of combustion as well as expansion outwardly, and will allow combustion taking place nearer the object to which heat is to be transferred, along the walls of the chamber.
This method, among its other advantages, be-
sides confining the gases of combustion to a defined course through the chamber, will preheat the fuel before entering the zone of combustion and will enable combustion to be brought nearer the walls than a usual axial ame.
When pulverized coal is utilized as fuel, air should not be used askits conveying or fluidifying medium, but a non nitrogenous substance, such as a small percentage of made gas or oil or steam.
In making gas it does not matter `whether a 'portion of the fuel enters the gas making materials so long as no nitrogen is included4 in the fuel, nor does it matter whether some of the l axial gases of combustion are carried back again into the ame byk the fuel current, so they would 5 I coal into the gas generator'as the principal fuel 15` for axial combustion, and the drawing so indicates it.
Based upon common practce in the use of steam as an accelerator of gases it could be roughly stated that if 116 of the made water gas from 1 20 lb. of carbon or about 6 cubic feet should be used as the conveying medium for l/2 1b. of carbon for axial combustion that about 1/4 to 1 cubic foot of steam would be enough to give suicient velocity to the conveying medium to make a suitable 25 protecting screen. The 1/2 lb. carbon would add but about 1/100 of a cubic foot to the 7 cubic feet of gas and steam, or a quarter cubic foot, if semi-fluid. y
The accompanying drawing shows an applica- 30 tion of this method to making water gas, but the screened off hot zone near the furnace walls can be used for other purposes as well.
The drawing also shows a preferred Way of having the fuel current travel from top to bot- 35 tom of the chamber, but the directions of the flame and fuel current could be reversed.
The drawing is a somewhat diagrammatic vertical sectional view of a device for effecting the above mentioned process. 40
As applied to making water gas this method of combustion -mayb carried out in the following mannerA when powdered coal is used as fuel and in gas making.
The basey of the apparatus is indicated at I, 45 and upon the space there is erected an annular wall 2, which is hollow as at 3 so as to permit air from a lead 4, to be heated on its passage down to an inlet 5, into the main chamberG, of the ap- 2 i in the best position to create downward suction in the deilector 9 on \the side of said deflector nea-rer to the walls 2, and in exact augment with a circular fuel sheet indicated I I which fuel sheet moves downwardly into deflector 9, the suction from the incoming hot air maintaining a strong fuel current in the sheet I I. A gas conveying medium, preferably a portion of the made gases or oil is' indicated as conveyed by a medium as I2. The steam accelerating and conveying medium, preferably preheated as shown, by I3; and 'conveying medium for steam for gas making purposes by I4; -while I5 is the main source of steam. Powdered coal for fuel is entered thru conduit I9, preferably in a semi-fluid state, as for instance by a Kinyon pump using a portion of made gas instead of air for fluidifying. Powdered fuel 'in the above semi-fluid condition is caused to run like water from faucets as at I1' as used for chemical requirements in making water gas and for combustion. The gas making materials from I4 and I1 enter the chamber 6 tangentially and made gases indicated at I8, after helically revolving about axial combustion'zone 1 leave the gas generator 6 by a tangential outlet I9. 'I'he circular sheet of fuel I I is'composed of powdered coal from I1 and conveyed by gas or o`il from I2 and ac-` celerated by the steam, preferably preheated, from conveying member I3. Accelerators may be added to the outlets asindicated at 25 and 26.
'I'he circular form may be given in various Ways to the fuel but the way indicated is -to throw downward jets against a circular collar 20. When the circular sheet of fuel I I reaches the bottom of chamber 6 it enters the deflector 9 where it meets and mixes with heated air from 5 and they are deflected up into combustion zone 1. The circular defiector 9 is built around a truncated cone 2l so as to direct the combusting materials toward the burning the same to form an axial combustion zone extending in an opposite direction to the fuel feed, and feeding carbonaceous material and steam to be gasified along a Ahelical path to surround the fuel feeding zone, and in direct marginal contacttherewith whereby the heat from the axial combustion zone is transferred to the gas making materials to convert same into a gas.
2. The method of producing gas and screening an axial combustion zone from materials heated thereby. which consists in feeding fuel for `com bustion along a zone in one direction, deecting said fuel and burning the same to form a combustion zone extending inV an opposite direction adjacent the fuel feeding zone and feeding carbonaceous material and steam to be gasified along a helical path in contact with said zone of fuel feed and separatedfrom the combustion zone by the incoming fuel whereby the heat from the axial combustion zone is transferred to the gas making materials to convert same into a gas.
3. The method of making gas which consists in producing an axial combustion zone in one direc.
tion, feeding carbonaceous material and steam to be gasified along a helical patlfin the opposite direction andparallel thereto, and screening said materials from the combustion zone by feeding
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US486330A US2038657A (en) | 1930-10-04 | 1930-10-04 | Method for making gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US486330A US2038657A (en) | 1930-10-04 | 1930-10-04 | Method for making gas |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US2038657A true US2038657A (en) | 1936-04-28 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US486330A Expired - Lifetime US2038657A (en) | 1930-10-04 | 1930-10-04 | Method for making gas |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2799565A (en) * | 1953-01-13 | 1957-07-16 | Ruhrgas Ag | Process for preventing or reducing the entrainment of fine solid particles in the gas stream of a gas producer |
DE1062874B (en) * | 1953-05-29 | 1959-08-06 | Giovanni Hilgers Dr Ing | Device for the gasification of fine-grained coal and coal dust |
US2955988A (en) * | 1958-02-14 | 1960-10-11 | John J S Sebastian | Process for carbonizing coal in a laminar gas stream |
US2986277A (en) * | 1956-08-13 | 1961-05-30 | Ehlermann Helmuth | Method and means for treating and sorting comminuted substances |
US3190245A (en) * | 1962-04-12 | 1965-06-22 | Huntington Chemical Corp | Apparatus for the heating of carbonaceous materials by their partial combustion to carbon dioxide |
FR2363620A1 (en) * | 1976-09-07 | 1978-03-31 | Projektierung Chem Verfahrenst | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE GASIFICATION OF SOLID FUELS |
US4101263A (en) * | 1976-06-25 | 1978-07-18 | Occidental Petroleum Corporation | Method for heating nongaseous carbonaceous material |
US5656043A (en) * | 1994-05-19 | 1997-08-12 | Abb Research Ltd. | Process for air-blown gasification of carbon-containing fuels |
-
1930
- 1930-10-04 US US486330A patent/US2038657A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2799565A (en) * | 1953-01-13 | 1957-07-16 | Ruhrgas Ag | Process for preventing or reducing the entrainment of fine solid particles in the gas stream of a gas producer |
DE1062874B (en) * | 1953-05-29 | 1959-08-06 | Giovanni Hilgers Dr Ing | Device for the gasification of fine-grained coal and coal dust |
US2986277A (en) * | 1956-08-13 | 1961-05-30 | Ehlermann Helmuth | Method and means for treating and sorting comminuted substances |
US2955988A (en) * | 1958-02-14 | 1960-10-11 | John J S Sebastian | Process for carbonizing coal in a laminar gas stream |
US3190245A (en) * | 1962-04-12 | 1965-06-22 | Huntington Chemical Corp | Apparatus for the heating of carbonaceous materials by their partial combustion to carbon dioxide |
US4101263A (en) * | 1976-06-25 | 1978-07-18 | Occidental Petroleum Corporation | Method for heating nongaseous carbonaceous material |
FR2363620A1 (en) * | 1976-09-07 | 1978-03-31 | Projektierung Chem Verfahrenst | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE GASIFICATION OF SOLID FUELS |
US5656043A (en) * | 1994-05-19 | 1997-08-12 | Abb Research Ltd. | Process for air-blown gasification of carbon-containing fuels |
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