US2035875A

US2035875A - Vibrator and circuit

Info

Publication number: US2035875A
Application number: US758752A
Authority: US
Inventors: William W Garstang
Original assignee: ELECTRONIC LAB Inc
Current assignee: ELECTRONIC LAB Inc; ELECTRONIC LABORATORIES Inc
Priority date: 1934-12-22
Filing date: 1934-12-22
Publication date: 1936-03-31
Anticipated expiration: 1953-03-31

Description

March 31, 1936. w. w. GARSTANG 2,035,875

VIBRATOR AND CIRCUIT Filed Dec. 22, 1934 15 L t-ii!- 1 85? 12 lNVENTOR WIN/am W fifimtang,

ATTORNEYS for absorbing the Patented Mar. 31, 1936 UNITED STATES VIBRATOR AND CIRCUIT Wi liam W. Garstang,

Indianapolis, Ind, as-

signor to Electronic Laboratories, Incorporated,

Indianapolis, Ind a Application December 22, 1934, Serial No.

8 Claims.

My invention relates to improvements in converters of the vibrator-operated type for converting D. G. into increased voltage A. C. current. This type of converter generally includes a transformer through the primary winding of which the D. C. current is alternately passed in opposite directions, the passage of current being controlled by an electromagnetically operated vibrator including a vibrating reed and relatively stationary contacts. It is one of the objects of my invention to provide means for preventing excessive sparking at the contacts during the opening and closing thereof by providing suitable resistance in the circuit of the primary winding kick back of the primary winding when the circuit therethrough is ultimately closed and ultimately opened.

For the purpose of disclosing my invention I have illustrated said embodiments thereof in the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a vibrator for use in connection with my invention;

Fig. 2 is a detail section on the line Fig. 1:

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view of an embodiment of my invention. and

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view of a modification of the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 3.

Referring first to the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 3, the transformer having a primary winding I and a secondary winding 2 having a primary coil is connected intermediate of its ends by the conductor 3 with one side of the line.

One end of the primary winding is connected by conductor 4 with a relatively stationary contact 5 of a suitable vibrator. The opposite end of the primary winding is connected by conductors 6, I and 8 with another relatively stationary contact 9. A vibrating reed l vibrates between these contacts having on its opposite faces contacts l l and I2 for engagement respectively with contacts and 9. This reed is connected by conductor l3 through a resistance It with the opposite side of the line. The reed I0 is vibrated by an electromagnet having a coil l5 connected at one end by the conductor 16 with the conductor l3 and connected at its opposite end through an increasing resistance element ll, preferably in the form of a lamp, by a conductor IS with conductor 1.

The resistance I4 is adapted to be short circuited by a secondary pair of contacts l9 and 20 respectively connected by

conductors

21 and 22 with conductor l3 and adapted to be engaged respectively by

contacts

23 and 24 on the vibrating reed ID. These contacts l9 and 20 are adapted to be closed after the contacts 5 or 9 and opened before the contacts 5 or 9.

The vibrator of which the reed l0 and coil [5 form'a part is shown more in detail in Figs. 1

corporation of Indiana and 2. As shown in these figures, a pair of side bars 25 have clamped between them an electromagnet 26 of which the winding l5 constitutes the winding, and which is provided with a suitable core as well as pole pieces 21. At the lower end I clamp between the side pieces 25 the vibrating reec. ill which has mounted on :ts upper end an armature 28 adapted to come within the influence of the electromagnet 28. This reed is clamped between layers of suit-able insulation to insulate the same from the remaining parts of the vibrator and carries the contacts H and I2. The contacts 5 and 9 with which the contacts H and 52 are adapted to engage are mounted on

spring fingers

29 and 30 likewise clamped between the lower ends of the side bars 25 and suitably insulated from the vibrating reed l0. Also clamped between the side bars 25 at their lower ends is a second pair of spring fingers 3| and 32 carrying the contacts l9 and 20. It will be noted that the two sets of

fingers

29 and 30 and 3i and 32 are arranged side by side but spaced apart from one another so that there is no electrical connection between the same. It will also be noted that the contacts apart further from the vibrating reed than are the contacts 5 and 9. Each of the fingers above described, as well as the vibrating reed is provided at its lower end with extensions or projections to which the conductors may be connected.

Referring now again to the diagrammatic illustration in Fig. 3, it will be seen that when cirsuit is first established current will flow, say from one side of the line through conductor [3, re-

sistance l4, conductor l6, winding l5, conductors l8, 1 and 6 through one section of the primary winding l and back by conductor 3 to the opposite side of the line. The electromagnet is thus energized and starts the reed ID to vibrating, moving the reed to the right, looking at Fig. 3, to establish circuit through one side of the line, through conductor 13, resistance l4, vibrating reed l0, contacts l2 and 9, conductors l and 8 through one section of the primary winding and back to the opposite side of the line through conductor 3. In this movement it willbe seen that the winding I5 is short circuited and that the current flows through the primary winding section and through the resistance M. The con tinued movement of the

reed contacts

20 and 24 to engage, thus closing the circuit through the same winding section as heretofore described but short circuiting the section l4. With the winding 15 electromagnet is deenergized and the reed vibrates in the opposite direction, first opening the circuit through the

contacts

24 and 20 and then through the contacts l2 and 9. This reestablishes the circuit through the winding H but only momentarily and the momentum of the i9 and 20 are spaced 10, however, causes short circuited the reed I0 is sufiicient to carry past the center point to first engage contacts I I and 5, closing the circuit in the opposite direction through the other section of the primary winding, first through the resistance I 4 and then by contacts 23 and I9 short circuiting this resistance l4.

While the reed I0 normally stands in a position intermediate of the two sets of contacts, as illustrated in Fig. 3, this reed is sufiiciently flexible so that when it is attracted in one direction under the influence of the electromagnet causing contacts say 9 and I2, and after it has made this contact, the reed can bend slightly so the finers on which the contacts 9 and I2 are mounted, will give sufiiciently for the contacts 24 and I 0 to engage. Furthermore, the reed has sufficient resiliency to, when it is released from under the influence of the electromagnet, spring in the opposite direction past the center point, to engage contacts 5 and It and then H! and 23, so that, as long as the winding 15 of the electromagnet is intermittently energized, this vibration of the reed will continue.

It will be noted that in this operation the resistance M will absorb any kick back in the primary winding l and will thus prevent excessive sparking between the contacts of the vibrator controlling the circuit. When the circuit is first closed through the primary winding it is closed including the resistance I 4, this resistance ultimately being cut out of the circuit of the primary winding to obtain the maximum efficiency of the winding, and when the circuit is opened the resistance I4 is first introduced into the primary winding circuit before the ultimate opening of the primary winding circuit so that dangerous or excessive sparking at the contact points is eliminated without unnecessarily impairing the efficiency of the apparatus.

In the structure illustrated in Fig. 4 I have illustrated a further modification of my invention wherein I have provided an additional section I4 of the winding [4, this section being controlled by a third set of contacts 33 and 34, relatively stationarily mounted and 35 and 36 on the opposite sides of the vibrating reed. By this arrangement the first section [4' of the resistance is cut out, then the second section [4 is cut out so that a gradually decreasing resistance is introduced in the circuit of the primary winding during the closing of the circuit thereof and a gradually increasing resistance is introduced in the circuit of the primary winding on the opening of the circuit thereof.

I claim as my invention:

1. In combination, a transformer, a vibrator for alternately closing the circuit through a portion of the primary winding of said transformer in opposite directions including a pair of relatively stationary contacts connected to the oppo-' site terminals of said primary winding, a vibrating reed connected to one side of the supply line to alternately engage said contacts-a resistance in series with said reed, and a second pair of contacts adapted to be alternately engaged by said reed after the circuits have been closed through said first-mentioned contacts, for shortcircuiting said resistance.

2. In combination, a transformer, a vibrator for alternately closing the circuit through a portion of the primary winding of said transformer in opposite directions, and a common resistance in troduced in the primary winding circuit upon the initial movement of the reed of said vibrator in either direction to close the primary winding circuit and which is cut out of said primary winding circuit by the continued closing movement of said vibrator reed and vice versa.

3. In combination, a transformer, a vibrator for alternately closing the circuit of separate portions of one winding of said transformer in opposite directions including a vibrating reed and a plurality of successively engaged contacts, the first of said contacts closing a circuit through said winding including resistance common to each portion of the win ing and the remaining contacts closing a circuit through said winding with at least a portion of said resistance cutout and vice versa.

4. In combination, a transformer, a vibrator for alternately closing the circuit through a portion of the primary winding of said transformer in opposite directions, including a vibrating reed connected to one side of the supply line through a resistance, a pair of contacts adapted to be alternately engaged by said reed in its vibration connected to the opposite terminals of said primary winding, and a second pair of contacts spaced further from said reed than said first-mentioned contacts and connected to the supply line between said resistance and the supply line.

5. In combination, a transformer, means for alternately closing the circuit through separate portions of the primary winding of said transformer in opposite directions, including an oscillating switch member connected to one side of the supply line and resistance common to each portion of the primary winding interposed between said switch member and the supply line, and means for short circuiting said resistance after said member has closed the circuit through the primary winding and before said member has opened the circuit through said winding.

6. In combination, a transformer, a vibrator for alternately closing the circuit through a portion of the primary winding of said transformer in opposite directions, means for introducing a resistance common to each primary winding ciri'nitial movement of the reed to close the circuit in either direction and gradually reducing said resistance by the continued closing movement of said means and vice versa.

7. In combination, a transformer, means for alternately closing the circuit through a portion of the primary winding of said transformer in opposite directions, said means being adapted to introduce a common resistance in said primary winding circuit upon the closing of the circuit in either direction and adapted by continued circuit closing movement'to remove said resistance from the primary winding circuit and vice versa.

8. In combination, a transformer, means for alternately closing the circuit through a portion of the primary'winding ofsaid transformer in opposite directions, said means being adapted to introduce a common resistance in said primary winding circuit upon the closing of the circuit in either direction and adapted by continued circuit closing movement to gradually remove said resistance from the primary winding circuit and vice versa. 1

WILLIAM W. GARSTANG.