US2031605A - Record and method of making and using same - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 25, 1936, J. E. JENKINS ET AL RECORD AND METHOD OF MAKING AND USING SAME Filed March 27, 19:53 2 She ts-Sheet 1 \IHHHHH H m W. T WK A Tmm NJA E D ,VTA wm w H X a 5% Ju fi\ B m wfi Feb. 25, 1936.

J.'E. JENKINS ET AL RECORD AND METHOD OF MAKING. AND USING SAMB- Fil ed March 27, 19:53

2 Sheets-Shae \1 l S. .-+v .\k,/\\\ w 3/ mw M A TE 3 N m ET A i VT i WWEM L L E fl n E u i H A J I W Patented Feb. 25, 1936 ascoan AND METHOD- or me Arm USING SAME John Elliott Jenkins and Samuel E. Adair, Chicago, 111., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Visomatic Systems, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation oi. New York Application March 2'1, 1933, Serial No. 962,860 16 Claims. (01. 274-46) Our invention relates in general to a record from which sounds or other sensory effects may be reproduced and adapted to control operative devices in conjunction with sounds or other sensory 5 effects artificially reproduced from the record.

The present application comprises a continuation in part'of our copending application, Serial Number 641,842, filed November 9, 1932, now Patent No. 1,909,765, granted May 16, 1933.

An object of the invention is to provide a record having means to control the operation of any device in conjunction with the reproduction of a predetermined sound sequence or other sensoryeflect from the record, the operation of the device being controlled from such record.

Another object resides in providing means including a sound record for reproducing a sound sequence and for actuating an operable device from impulses in the sound record itself during the reproduction of the sequence and without interrupting or modifying the same.

Another object is to superimpose operating frequency vibrations at intervals in a sound or similar record whereby to operate a tuned relay, or other device sensitive to the operating frequency, at one or more intervals as the sound recordis reproduced, in order to operate, through the agency of the relay, any mechanical or electrical device in timed relationship with the sound sequence or other sensory effects as reproduced from the record oi the sound.

Another object is to produce a record or sound track from which sound or other sensory efiects may be reproduced and from which track or record-operatingdevices may be controlled to operate in timed relation with the reproduced sensory eil'ects.

Another object resides in the method of reproducing sound or other sensory effects from a record or other sound source while controlling the operation of operable devices in timed relaton and in conjunction with the sensory effects as the same are reproduced.

Another object resides in providing a record adapted for use in automatic lecturingand demonstrating equipment whereby a lecture may be reproduced from a sound track or record, which also controls the operation of the device being operated or demonstrated in conjunction with the lecture, such equipment being especially well adapted for operating mechanical displays, such as may be arranged in shop windows, or any other convenient display location in conjunction with the loud speaker which broadcasts a sound se- 5 quence which may comprise an oral description ofthe device or devices being operated, or music, or both speech and instrumental music as a pleasing background.

Another object is to provide a record adapted for use in a suitable display device for automatically displaying, in sequence, a series of pictures or other visual eiiects in conjunction with a lecture or other sound sequence reproduced from the record or track, the control of the display being accomplished by said record or track.

Another object is to provide a record for use in an automatically operating apparatus for controlling the volume or pitch of sounds or noises produced in timed-relationship with displayed picture sequences or other visual efiects as in the operationof the so-called talking moving pictures, the apparatus also being adaptable for the control of any operable device operated in conjunction with the displayed picture sequence or to operate warning signals for any purpose during the progress of the picture sequence, such, for example, as to operate warning lights in the manager's oflice, or in the box oflice, or at other stations in the theatre in order to advise the stafi of the theatre of the progress of the picture sequence being shown.

Another object of our invention resides in providing a record for use with talking moving picture apparatus for reproducing a sound sequence from the record or sound track, including means for controlling the reproduced sounds and for actuating separate operating devices for controlling the theatre lights or signaling to various stations in the theatre as the sound sequence progresses, said means being actuated from the sound record or track itself.

Another object 01' our invention resides in providing a record for use in an apparatus for reproducing a sound sequence from the record or track, said record including means for controlling the volume or pitch of the reproduced sound and means for actuating separate devices operable in conjunction with the reproduction of thesound effect, said device being actuated from the'sound track without being affected by the volume or pitch control. p

Another object isto provide a method of and apparatus for producing arecord or sound track from which a sound sequence, or other sequence of sensory efiects, may be reproduced, and from which record or track operable devices may be actuated or controlled in timed relationship with l the effects reproduced from the track or record.

Anpther object is to provide a record having a sound track including vibrations of a predeother than the phonograph device with which the record may be used to reproduce the sound.

other objects 01 our invention reside in the adaptations oi the broad principles of our invention to the various types of specific devices hereinai'ter disclosed.

Another object resides in providing automatic means operated by the record itself for turning the mechanism to a predetermined set position, such as an initial or starting position.

Another object resides in providing, in con- Junction with a record of sound or other sensory efiect, means operated by the record itself for controlling a selector switch or other progressively operating device. while the eflect is being reproduced from the record by means of operating vibrations impressed on the record itself and for returning the switch automatically to a predetermined position, such as an initial or starting position, at a predetermined moment during the playing of the record, such as the moment when the record ends.

Another object resides in using a record 01' sound or other sensory efiect having operating frequency components imposed on the record in conjunction with apparatus for reproducing the effect from the record and apparatus for advancing a selector switch, or other progressively operating device, in response to the frequency components wherein the selector switch is set to a predetermined position automatically at the completion of the reproduction of the record.

Another object is to provide a record having a sound track including vibrations of several distinct characters to actuate operable devices and to reset the same to a desired position or condition.

Numerous other objects and advantages oi the invention will be appreciated as the same is more fully understood from the following description, which, taken with the accompanying drawings, discloses a preferred embodiment of and for the purpose of disclosing our invention.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a record and record reproducing system embodying our invention, said system being actuated from a grooved sound track or record by means of a mechanical pick-up device;

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a photo-electric pick-up device, which may be substituted for the mechanical pick-up in the system shown in Figure 1 for use with a photographic record;

Figure 3 is an enlarged diagrammatic representation of one form of sound record or track having an operating frequency superimposed thereon in accordance with our present invention;

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic representation of apparatus for making a record for use in prac-' ticing our invention.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic representation of a record reproducing system embodying our invention in which the operating components of the record are used to progressively operate a selector switch and wherein the selector switch is automatically returned to an initial or starting position when the system is conditioned to commence reproduction of the record; I

Figure 6 shows a system similar to that of Figure 5 in. which the record itself carries a series of operating components which cause the selector switch to be turned to a desired position from any other switch position;

2,031,605 termined character to actuate operable devices l igure'ishowsasystemlimilartothoseot Figures 5 and 6 in which a single operating component on the record causes the selector switch to move to a desired switch position;

Figure 8 is a side view of the selector switch shown'diagrammatically in Figures 5, 6, and 7;

Figure 9 is a perspective view showing a magneticrecord, which may be used in conjunction with a suitable magnetic pickup for impressing the recorded vibrations upon a sound reproducing and device actuating system in accordance with our present invention; and

Figure 10 shows a modified arrangement of a part of the system illustrated in Figure 1.

To illustrate the invention, we have shown on the drawings. in Figure 1, an electrical system for reproducing sound and, at the same time, controlling operable devices, such as a tuned relay 2|, from a record represented generally at H,

position from any other through a pickup device it. The sound record' Il may be made in any suitable or convenient mannerknowntotheartandmaybeofany suitable form, that is to say, may be a groove formed in a cylinder or disk, as shown in Figure 1; may be a photographic record on film, as shown in Figure 2; or may be a magnetic record formed, as for instance, in an iron wire as shown in Figure 9.

As shown in Figure 3, the record ll consists 01' a single recorded track 1 orporating both a normal sound recording [2, which, for simplicity, we shall call the sound track, and a device-operating recording I3, which we shall call the operating component; that is to Say, the normal sound track is combined with the operating component so that the record ll consists, in part, of recorded vibrations ll, comprising the resultant of the sound track i2, and the operating component l3. s

The operating component l3 may have a sinusoidal wave form as shown in Figure 3, ormay be of more complicated configuration. The wave may be a simple wave or of an oscillation of higher frequency. The wave may have uniform frequency or may be a coded series of vibrations, in which case, the relay 2! is a coded relay adjusted to react only to the particular coded component in response to which it is desired to have the relay react.

The operating component moreover need not necessarily be artificially applied to the record, or the original sound, but may be a pre-selected component of the sound sequence itself, the relay being adjusted to re-act to the particular selected component, as for instance, in orchestral music, the relay may be set to operate in response to a particular note of a particular instrument.

The record ii, if the operating component is applied thereto artificially, may be prepared in any suitable or convenient manner as by connecting, with a suitable recording apparatus I, a suitable device I" for delivering to the recording apparatus the operating component at the proper time so that the same may be superposed upon the sound vibrations as they are recorded, the sound vibrations being fed into the sound recording device by any suitable pickup, such as a microphone I45, 11'. the record is made from the original sound, or a pickup device I46, where the record II is made from a previously recorded sound track, or a microphone and pickup may be used together if desired as where previously recorded incidental music is to be dubbed as a background in the record for the original sound,

may be the envelope The oscillating device I43 may be an oscillat ing electric circuit tuned to the frequency desired for the operating componenhor may be a pre viously prepared record of an operating vibration having a desired frequency or frequencies. The oscillating device is connected with the recording device through a normally open control key' I41, which key is closed by the operator. whenever it is desired to impress the operating component upon the'sound recording. This is known as "dubbing" the operating component on the sound track.

Alternatively, a device I48 capable of creating vibrations in the air, may be positioned near the sound pick-up I of the recording device Ill, the vibration device being actuated at intervals to add the desired operating component to the sound waves reaching the pickup device.

Numerous other methods of superposing the operating frequency upon the sound track in the record will suggest themselves to those familiar with the art of recording sound waves and our invention is not necessarily limited to any particular mode of producing the composite record I I. It is, however, preferable to prepare the composite record II by dubbing the operating frequency upon the sound track, rather than by adding the sameto the soundwaves before they are applied to the pickup I.

The foregoing methods may b employed in making record grooves in wax or similar ma.-

terial, and in making magnetized wire records and photographic records. We also contemplate making magnetized wire and photographic records by first applying the actuating component upon the recorded sound track. In the case of the magnetic record, this may be accomplished by magnetizing the wire at the proper places in accordance with the desired operating component, the wire being either previously or subsequently treated to magnetize it in accordance with the sound track recording.

In photographic records, the operating component may be photographed on the undeveloped negative on which the sound track record is subsequentially or has previously been photographed, and the double exposure developed on the negative from which a positive print of the composite recording can be made, or a negative of a, normal sound track record may be printed as a positive and the print of a separate negative of the operating component superimposed on the positive print of the sound sequence and the double ex-- posure developed on the positive.

The sound-reproducing and device-actuating system consists of a suitable pickup device I5 I adapted to be vibrated in accordance with the vibrations recorded on the record II, a soundemitting device or loud speaker l9 connected to the pickup preferably through the amplifying system I1, and a tuned relay 2| adapted to be actuated by the operating component of the record and also connected with the pickup device through a relay operating system 23 and filter 25. The pickup device l5, as shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, may consist of an ordinary magnetic device, such as is commonly used in conjunction with the ordinary grooved phonograph record, or, an ordinary mechanical phonograph pickup may be used in conjunction with amicrophone to impress the vibrations of the record l l upon the input of the amplifying system I1.

In Figure 2 of the drawings, the sound track I I is shown as a photographic record, such as is commonly used in the audible moving picture art and the pickup device includes the light source 23, the aperture 3| and a target 33, comprising a photo-electric cell, or other light-sensitive device, connectcd to the input of the reproducing system and upon which light rays from the light source impinge after passing through the aperture and the photographic record II, as is well known in the art.

Our invention does not necessarily reside in the particular form of record and cooperating pickup device employed but any suitable or convenient form or forms of record and cooperating pickup device may be used to apply the vibrations of the record upon the sound reproducing and device-actuating system.

Similarly, the amplifying system I! may be of any suitable or'convenient form or arrangement for the purpose of receiving the vibration initiated therein by the pick-up device of whatever character used, amplifying the vibrations and delivering the amplified vibrations to the soundemitting speaker I9 and to the relay 2|. In some cases, it may be possible to omit the amplifying system entirely, but ordinarily some form of amplification is desirable.

To illustrate the invention, therefore, we have shown an amplifying system comprising a transformer 35, the primary winding 31 of which is provided for connection with the pickup and thus forms the input of the system and the secondary winding 38 of which is connected through a variable resistance volume control arranged as a potentiometer 4| to a vacuum tube 43, the grid 45 of which is connected with the shiftable member of the potentiometer H, the plate 4? of the vacuum tube 43 being connected to one end of the primary winding 49 of a transformer 5|, the other end of the primary winding being connected through a condenser 53, to one side of the filamerit 55 of thevacuum tube, said side of the filament being also connected through the grid bias means, preferably an electric battery 51, with the potentiometer 4|. The filament 55 may be heated in any convenient manner as is well known in the art and terminals 59 and 60 are provided for supplying the plate potential, One end of the secondary winding 63 of the transformer 51 is connectedwith the grid 55 of a vacuum tube 61, the plate 69 of which is connected to one end of the primary winding ll of a transformer 13, the secondary winding of which comprises the output of the amplifying system ll. The filament 11 of the vacuum valve 61 may be heated in any suitable or convenient manner and one side of the filament is connected through the grid bias means, preferably an electric battery 19, with the secondary winding 63 of the transformer 5|, the same side of the filament 11 being connected through the condenser ill with the.

primary winding ll of the transformer 13. Terminals 83 and 85 are provided for supplying the plate potential.

The speaker I! is connected by means of suitable conductors 89'to the winding 15, the relay 2| being connected, through the relay-operating system 23 and the filter 25, to the winding 31.

The filter 25 comprises inductance coils 9| and condensers 33 and forms a filter tuned to the frequency of the operating component of the record il, so as to pass the operating component freely while attenuating and suppressing other frequencies.

The input of the filter may be connected with the output winding 15 of the amplifying system H, or may, as shown, be connected to the secondary 92 of a transformer Bl, the primary 98 of which forms a part of the primary circuit of the transformer 35. This has the advantage that the relay is not subjected to the volume control 4| of the amplifier I! as is the case where the relay is actuated from the output of the amplifier I1. The output of .the filter 25 is connected to the input of the relay-operating system 23 which comprises means to amplify the operating component and includes a transformer 95, the primary 91 oi which forms the input of the system and the secondary 99 of which is connected at one end to the grid IOI of a vacuum tube I03 and the other end of which is connected through a grid-biasing means, preferably an electrical battery I05, with one side of the filament I01. The filament I01 may be heated by any suitable or convenient means well known in the art and terminals I I5 and I II are provided for applying the plate potential between the plate and filament.

The coil N9 of the tuned relay is connected across the output of the amplifier 23. The relay 2| is adapted for operation by alternating currents delivered to the coil, the function of the relay-operating system 23 being to amplify the power of the relay-operating component sufficiently to operate the relay, which may require for its operation more power than is delivered to the operating system. In some cases,-it may be satisfactory to eliminate the system 23 and operate the relay directly from the pickup or from the output of thesystem II. The relay, when actuated by. the operating component, operates the shiftable member I09, which may be mechanically connected to control a device to be operated, or, as illustrated, may be arranged to operate an electrical switch for controlling the circuit IIO, which, in turn, may be connected to eifect the electrical control of any device to be operated.

While in some cases, it may not be necessary to utilize the amplifier 23 and the filter 25, since it is possible to operate the relay 2| directly from the output of the amplifier system II, it is, however, desirable to provide these refinements in order to insure positive operation of the relay in response to the operating component on the record.

Any desired number of relays 2| may be connected in parallel and actuated from the output of the amplifier 23, as indicated in Figure 1, by connecting the output to the bus connectors I23 and connecting a plurality of relays similar to the relay 2| for operation from the bus connectors I23, the relays being individually tuned and connected directly to the bus connectors I23, or relays, either tuned or untuned, may be connected, as shown in Figure 10, through the intermediary of band pass.filters I2I, that is to say filters adapted to pass the particular frequency to which the relays are desired to respond. Such band pass filters may be of construction similar to the filter 25.

If each relay is connected to the bus connectors through the intermediary of a filter, each filter may be selected'or adjusted to pass a particular frequency so that by forming operating components I3 at different frequencies in the record, the several relays so connected may be caused to operate selectively.- This arrangement will be more fully discussed in connection with Figure 7.

the operating component as is the case if the filter is omitted.

It is also possible to operate a plurality of tuned relays 2| directly from the output of the relay-operating system 23. With such an arrangement, the relays may be mechanically tuned accurately each to respond to an operating component for a particular predetermined frequency in order to obtain selective operation of the relays, the filter, which is preferably used in the combination, being a low-pass filter to pass all frequencies within the tuned range of the relays.

If the operating component has a frequency within the range of audible frequencies, the speaker or sound-emitting device is will, of course, respond to the audible frequency of the operating component whenever the same is impressed upon the system by the pick-L, device It is possible to utilize a speaker I8, which will react only to a certain band of frequencies within the audible range and for all ordinary purposes, it is quite practical to use a speaker operating in the audible range oi frequencies above 80 cycles and below 5,000 cycles since a speaker in this range will accurately reproduce all normal speech and music and we contemplate using such a band frequency speaker and to maintain the operating components at frequencies below 80 cycles and above 5,000 cycles, even though frequencies as low as 40 cycles and as high as 10,000 cycles are audible.

In some instances, however, it may be necessary to utilize operating components having'frequencies within the range of the speaker and since the reproduction of the operating component as sound may be undesirable where the sound sequence is being reproduced 'for its pleasing effect upon the hearer, we have provided for eliminating the transmission of any sound by the device I9, which'may be caused by the operating component.

This may be accomplished by causing the relays 2| to switch suitable filter circuits into operation in-the speaker circuit so as to silence titre]: speaker circuit to the operating frequencies y.

We prefer, however, to filter the operating component from the circuit 89, leading to the speaker, by inserting in the conductors 89, between the output of the amplifying system I! and the sound-emitting device I9, a band-eliminating filter 90, which functions to highly attenuate the frequencies of the operating components of the record.

In Figures 5,- 6, and 7, I have illustrated systems whereby the record Il may be utilized to control a progressively operable device, such as the se-- lector switch illustrated in Figure 8, during the progress of the reproduction of the record and whereby the selector switch may be automatically turned to a predetermined setting from any switch position, as for instance, where it may be tor switch comprises a frame II carrying a rotary element I53 comprising a blade I55, the opposite ends of which are adapted to extend from the rotary support I53 in diametrically opposite directions. The ends of the blade I55 terminate in contact portions I51, I 58, adapted when the blade is rotated on the frame III to progressively engage the blade contacting portions of a set of terminals I66, which are carried on an insulated support frame I6I mounted onthemainframe Ill. The contactor I51 engages the terminals I56 in succession during one half turn of the blade I55 while the contactor I58 repeats the terminal-engaging process during another half turn of the blade. Each one cf the terminals I55 .may be connected to form parts of external. control circuits adapted to be actuated when the blades engagethe terminals I69. The set of terminals I56 and its cooperating contactors may be multiplied to any desired degree, that is to say, the rotary switch may include a plurality of terminal sets and co-operats and 66 of the relay-actuating system which comprises the transformer 64 and filter and the amplifier 23 so that the sound track I2 of the record II may operate the loud speaker I9 through the amplifier I1 while the operating components I3 may actuate the relay II as previ ously described in connection with the system shown in Figure 1. I

In Figures 5, 6, and 7 also the rotary selector switch is shown diagrammatically and we have illustrated. in each case, two sets of terminals I59 and terminal engaging blades I 55 but it should be understood that any desired number .of tenninal sets may be used in order to multiply the control circuits actuated by the rotary switch. The rotary switch also includes a relay having a solenoid I63 mounted on the frame I5I and an armature I65 tiltably mounted on the frame adjacent the solenoid and adapted to be shifted against the bias of a spring I61 whenever the solenoid I63 is energized. A switch I69 also is carried on the main frame of the rotary switch and is operatively associated with the armature I65 so as to be opened whenever the solenoid is energized. The armature I65 carries a pawl I'II extending to a ratchet wheel I13 which is fixed to the rotatable element I63. The pawl III is normally urged by means of the spring I 1 5 into engagement with the ratchet wheel so that as the armature is tilted onthe frame I5I by the alternate cifect of the spring I61 and the energized solenoid I63, the pawl may co-operate with the ratchet wheel to progressively rotate the element I53 and thus advance the switch arms I55 into progressive contact with the terminals I59. A dctent I16 also is mounted on the frame in position to co-operate. with the ratchet wheel to permit it to be advanced in one direction only,

by the pawl "I. The selector switch illustrated is a type commonly used in telephone circuits and we have shown it here by way of explanation rather than by limitation, since it will be obvious that the invention is not limited to any particular form of switch and, in fact, may apply to any progressively-actuated device. The progressivelyactu stezi device to be controlled is shown diagrammatically as a rotary switch of the type illustrated in Figure 8 and including at least two sets I11 and I79 of terminals I53 and co-operating contacters. The terminals I59 of the set III are provided with conductors I BI whereby the same may be connected in. external control circuits while means is provided to connect the contactors I61 and I66oftheset I16 withanexternalconductor lllwherebytocomplete theexternal circuits. In the t shown in Figure 5, one end of the coil of the solenoid I6! is connected in series with a contact switch I65, the other side of which isconnectedinseries througha source of electrical power I61, and thence to the other end of the solenoid coil. The switch I85 is actuated by a time-delay relay I65, andis closedafter a predetermined time-delaywhen the solenoid of the relay is energized.

The solenoid I8! is in a series circuit including a power source I6I, and the switch I66 of a system similar to 'thatshown in Figure 1.

.With such an arrangement. the relay switch I66 will close every timean operating component I6 energizes the pick-up and the relay I65 will consequentiy close the switch I85 and complete a circuit for energizing the solenoid I66. It is, of course, possible to dispense with the time-delay relay I66,.by connecting the switch I69 directly in the operating circuit of the solenoid I66 in place of the switch I85 but we prefer touse a time-delay relay to eliminate operation of the operating circuit when the switch-lil6 is closed -minal I59 of bothsets I11 and I16. When the solenoid I63 is energized by the closure of the switch I65, the armature I65 in the illustrated embodiment will tilt in a clockwise direction about its pivot point against the tension of the spring I61, the pawl "I being carried downwardly. As soon as the operating frequency ends, the switches I68 and I65 open, thus breaking the solenoid circuit and permitting the spring I61 to draw the armature in a counter clockwise direction thus raising the'pawl and advancing the ratchet wheel I16 sumciently to turn the contacts I55 into engagement with the next adjacent terminal I59. 1 The operating system just described for the selector switch is in itself novel and when used with the record can be utilized to effect the control of the external-operating circuits I8II83,

and thus control any desired series of operations.

' accidentally for an instant, as sometimes happens After the record has been reproduced, the selector switch, depending upon the number of operating components I3 contained in the record, will have advanced to a position engaging one of the intermediate contacts I of the set I16, and, if the switch is permitted to remain in such'position as, for instance, that illustrated in Figure 5 of the drawings, the switch will not be in proper position to commence the control sequence when the record is again reproduced. We have therefore, provided for returning the selector switch to an initial or starting position automatically at the termination of the record. To this end the ter- -mi.na.ls of the set I11 with the exception of the end terminal I 66 are connected in series.

A switch I 95 is also-provided and this switch is adapted to be closed whenever the pick-up device is conditioned to commence the reproduction of the record- In the illustrated embodiment, the record II is in the form of a disk and the pick-up device is carried on an arm III swingably supported to Cal move across the disk record while the switch I95 is operatively connected with the arm 29I in such a way that whenever the arm 2II is moved to raise the pick-up device from the record, the switch I95 will be closed. The switch I95 is connected in a series circuit including the switch I59, the power source I51, the contacts of the set I11, and the solenoid I53. The shorted contacts of the set I11 being connected to one end of the solenoid coil I53 and the contactors I51 and I58 being connected to the switch I95 which is connected through the switch I59, and the power source to the other end of the coil I53 so that when the arm 29l is raised in order to either reset the device I5 to a position for starting the reproduction of the record, or to enable the record to be removed from its tum-table, the switch I95 will be closed. This will'complete a circuit through the solenoid I53, and the armature I55 willbe actuated to turn the ratchet wheel. Instead of moving only once to advance the contactor I55 to the next adjacent terminal I59, as in the-case where the switch is operated by the operating frequency I3 in the record, the switch I95 is held in closed position but the armature, in moving downward Opens the switch I59 and breaks the circuit, however, the armature I55 in moving upwardly, under the influence of the spring I51, will permit the switch I59 to close and re-establish the circuit through the solenoid I53. Consequently, the armature will-again be turn'ed in a counter-clockwise direction and will continue to make and break the circuit at the switch I59 and reciprocate the pawl I1I until the ratchet wheel I13 is turned to a position in which the contactor I55 of the set I11 reaches the terminal contact I59, at which time, the solenoid circuit will be broken because the terminal I is not connected in the circuit as are the other terminals of the set I11.

When the contactor I51 engages the isolated terminal I59, the arm I will be in such a position that the contactors I55 will engage the contact of the series I11 and I19, which is connected in the control circuit to be actuated when the first control frequency I3 of' the record energizes the pick-up device so that when the record is replaced, the first operating frequency, in actuating the armature I55, will cause the contact I55 of the set I19 to engage the first terminal at the proper instant.

Obviously the switch I does not necessarily have to be mounted for operation by the movement of the arm 2lll but may be actuated in any other suitable way as, for instance, by forming the switch as a push button for manual operation or for operation in response to the movement of a switch used'to control the driving means, which shifts the record past the pick-up device I5. It is also possible to provide for shifting the switch arm I55 to any desired position at any time by isolating one of the terminals of the set I11 to thus cause the arm I55 to stop opposite said isolated terminal. Other control circuits for setting the switch arm to a predetermined position will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art whereby, should the switch arm I55 be shifted or held from shifting in order to synchronize the rotary switch with the record in order to bring the switch into' step, should it for some reason or other get out of step with the record during the playing of the same.

The system illustrated in Figure 6 of the drawings is adapted to utilize a plurality of operating frequency impulses in order to set the switch arm I55 to a desired position. The operating frequency impulses are formed as a succession of impulses which are impressed on the record at the conclusion of the recorded sound frequency or sensory effect as indicated at I3. in Figure 6 of the drawings. The switch I55 in this system is connected in series with the power source I81, the solenoid coil I53 and the terminal set I11, all of the terminalsof which set are connected together with the exception of the terminal I52,

which, in the illustrated embodiment, is next adjacent the final terminal of the set but which, if desired, may be any of the terminals of the set opposite which it is desired to stop the arm I55. A switch I 95 is also provided and. this switch is adapted to be closed just before the reproduction of the record commences. This switch may be arranged for operation in any suitable or convenient manner and may be formed'as a manually operable push button, or for operation by the starter switch that controls the mechanism for moving the record past the pick-up device but we prefer to form the switch as illustrated so that the same is closed momentarily when the arm 20I is positioned to engage the pick-up device I5 with the initial portion of the record in commencing-the reproduction thereof. The switch I95 is connected in series with the power source rapidly advanced, there being enough impulses to ensure that the arm I55 is carried into position opposite the free terminal I52, at which point movement of the arm in response to the energization of the relay I89 will stop because the terminal I52 is not connected in the circuit including the switch I95 closed by said relay. The switch arn r will remain in such position until the switch I 95 is closed, at which instance, the solenoid circuit will be completed and will cause the arm to progress to a position such that, when the solenoid I53 is energized by the first operating frequency I3 of the record, it will be moved into engagement with the terminal I59 that is connected to the first of the external circuits IBI to be actuated. It will be noted that the succession of. operating frequencies I3 is utilized to move the arm I55 to a position just short of the initial position after which the switch I96 is actuated to bring the switch arm into the initial position. In Figure 5, on the contrary, the actuation of the switch I95 is utilized to bring the switch arm I55 directly to the initial position.

In Figure '1 of the drawings, we havefillustrated a system wherein a single operating frequency I3", at the termination of the record, is used in place of the series of impulses I3 to turn the switch arm I55 to a predetermined position, the final operating frequency in such case having a characteristic wave form different from that employed in the operating frequencies l3.

In the system shown in Figure 7, the contacts I59 of the series I11 are, with the exception of the initial and final terminals I50, connected together and the so-connected terminals are connected in a series circuit including the switch I88, a switch 2l8, the power source I81, and the coil I88, the inter-connected terminals being connected to one contact of the switch I89, the other contact of the switch being connected to one terminal of the switch 283, the other terminal oi said switch being connected to the power BOIIICG, I81, the other side oi the power source being connected to one end of the coil I88, the other end of which is connected to the contactors of the terminal set I11. The coil I88 and power source :81 are also connected in series with the switch 85 so that the switch I85 operates in parallel with the switch "land the interconnected contacts of the set I11'upon the v coil I88 and the power source I81 so that either closure of the switch I85, or closure of the switch 288 with one of the contactors I51, I58 engaging one of the interconnected terminals, will energize the coil I83. The switch 288 is of the toggle type, that is to say, is provided with yielding means 285 which operate to hold the switch in either open or closed position. The switch I85, however, is normally urged by means of the spring I88 toward open position so that the switch is opened by the spring I88 except when the relay coil I89 is energized. Interlocking means 281 is also preferably provided between the switches 288 and I85 so that, when the switch I85 closes, the switch 288 will be opened. The switch 283'may-be closed by means of the solenoid 289 which may be connected directly to the output of the amplifying system 28Y3r'maybe.v

connected to the output of the system through an intermediate relay similar to the relay 2I and power source similar to the power source I9I employed in connecting the relay I89 to the output of the amplifying system 28. The relay I89 'is connected in series with apower soince I9I and a switch I89, which switch is operated by the coil II9 of the relay 2|, said coil II8 being connected to the output of the amplifying system 28. This system is adapted for turning the switch arm I55 to a predetermined settingsuch as the initial or starting position when a single operating frequency I8" occurs in the record, said operating frequency I8" having a diiferent wa'i're characteristic or frequency from that of the operating frequencies I8. The relay 288 is responsive only to the operating frequency I8" while the relay I89, through the relay 2|, is responsive only to the operating frequencies l8. Consequently, as the record moves past the pick-up device I5, the relay coil I89 will be energized each time the pick-up device encounters one of the operating frequencies I8, the coil I89 remaining inactive;

It will be noted that should the switch 288 be closed, when the first operating frequency I8 energizes the relay I88, the closure oi the switch I85 will open the switch 288. Each time the solenoid I83 is energized by the closure of the switch I85 in response to an operating frequency I3, the pawl I" will advance the ratchet I18 2. distance suihcient to move the contacts I51 from terminal I59 to the next adjacent terminal I59. Thus, as the record progresses, the various circuits I8I will be actuated successively. At the conclusion of the rccord, the arm I55 will have been advanced to a position intermediate the end positions. The final or switch-setting frequency I8" will actuate the solenoid 289 to close the switch 288, the switch,-on account of its toggle construction, will remain closed until opened by the actuation of the relay I89 in response to a later operating frequency I8. As the switch 288 288 remains closed and the contactor I51 engages one of the intermediate terminals I58 of the set I11, the arm I55 will continue to adva'nca- As soon as the contactor I51 reaches the isolated contact I88 oi the terminal set I11, the circuit, including the switch 288 and the switch I89 will he opened and the coil cannot thereaiter be energized through said circuit to advance the switch arm I55. It will be noted that as the contactor I51 engages the final terminal I88, the contactor I58 at the other end of the switch arm will engage the initial terminal of theset I11 and this is the reason for isolating the initial and the final terminal. Obviously the switch arm will be caused to stop in any desired position by simply isolating'the termin l I59 of the set I11 at the desired stopping point. Asthef record continues to play, or ii the record is repeated, the first operating component I8 to engage the pickup device will energize the coil I89, will open the switch 293 and will advance the switch arm I55 into position engaging the contactor I58 with the first terminal I59 next adjacent to the isolated terminal I88.

As an alternative arrangement, the switch 288 may be formed simply as a normally open switch similar to the switch I85 instead of as a toggle switch as shown, and the interconnecting arm 281 omitted. with such an'arrangement, the devicesetting recording I8" may be extended so that the codedvfrequency initiated in the relay 289, when the pick-up device I5 engages the recording I8", will be continued for an appreciable period and will hold the switch 288 in closed position maintaining the switch circuit in operation long enough to permit the contactor arm I55 to be advanced to the desired position. i

It should be understood that the relay parts I88, I85 and I88 operate extremely rapidly when the switch 288 is closed to turn the arm I55 so that the resetting impulse initiated in the system by the device-resetting recording I8" is not necessarily unduly prolonged, in fact, the eilect produced by the recording I3" on the pick-up in the modified arrangement need only prevail for a few seconds. y

We also desire to direct attention to the possibility of utilizing our invention in the control of a system incorporating the so-called telegraph relays, which respond to coded vibrations initiated in the system, that is to say, each relay may be calibrated to respond only to a definite sequence of relatively long and short impulses, or to relatively long and short gaps between impulses.

Relays of this character may be incorporated in the device-operating system in place of the relay 2i and the device-operating recordings I3 formed in the record in such a way as to provide a coded series of relay-operating impulses upon plications. It may be incorporated with a picture-display device in order to deliver a lecture or suitable music, and, at the same time, cause the picture displayed by the device to change at the proper time during the lecture or accompanying music. This is accomplished simply by having the picture-changing mechanism actuated by the relay 2|, that is to say, whenever the operating component occurs in the record II, the picture will be changed.

The picture-display device may be of any type, for instance, the ordinary automatic stereopticon or slide-:projector comprising devices for presentadvance the next frame into displaying position The apparatus and method of our invention may also be used in art museums to actuate pictum-illuminating means in conjunction with the reproduction of a lecture concerning the pictures, which lecture may be delivered orbroadcast from a centrally located loud speaker or speakers, the pictures being successively illuminated in order to render them highly visible as they are described during the progress of the lecture.

The invention may also be utilized to effect a practical automatic demonstration of any .mechanical device requiring demonstration, as, for instance, in a shop window or elsewhere, in conjunction with the delivery of a lecture or explanatory talk, the operation of the demonstrated device being controlled through the relay or relays 2| in order to occur at the proper time during the course of the lecture. The control of the operation of the device being demonstrated and the lecture both originate from the pickup IE or its equivalent.

In the projection of talking-moving pictures, it is frequently necessary, in order to obtain dramatic. eii'ects, to dim the lights of the theatre, to vary the volume of sound emitted by the loud speakers, or to control other effect-producing devices at intervals during the visual or picture sequence. Such control operations may be accomplished automatically, by means of our invention, by impressing upon the sound track of the cinematograph film anoperating frequency component at intervals and utilizing this component in accordance with our invention heretofore described in order, by means of the relays-2|, or their equivalent. to actuate a control device for dimming the threatre lights, increasing the amplification of the system through which the sounds are broadcast, or controlling other devices for producing sensory eflects during the progress of the picture sequence.

In accomplishing the volume control, it is preferable toutilize suitable switch means for progressively increasing or decreasing the amplification in order to effect the control gradually. With this type of switch, we prefer to utilize two relays 2 I, one relay sensitive to an operating component having one frequency for advancing the switch, the other relay being sensitive to an operating component having a different frequency. By applying a succession of operating components of one frequency, on the sound track, the volume control switch may be progressively advanced to any extent at any time during the progress of the picture of the sequence andby interposing operating components of the other frequency, the volumncontrol may be reduced by progressive steps at any time during the projection of the picture.

It is also possible to actuate warning signals and perform other control functions such as the starting of auxiliary projectors at intervals during the progress of the talking picture in response to actuating components impressed directly on the sound track and without interrupting the sound or picture sequence. Such warning signals may be located in the manager's office, the

box oilice, or at other locations in the theatre in order to advise the manager, or-the box offlce as to the progress of the picture being displayed.

- Operating components impressed on the sound track may also be utilized to warn the operator of the projection machine at intervals in order that he may take proper projection of the successive reels at the proper time, that is to say, near the end of the first reel, the sound track may be arranged to give a makerea'dy warning so that the next reel may be mounted in a second machine ready-forprojec tion or may be made ready for mounting in'the same machine if only one is used in the theatre, and an operating component may be used to automatically start the second machine in operation at the proper time.

Numerous other useful applications will suggest themselves to those familiar with the practical aspects'of the projection of talking pictures in particular and the operation of devices in conjunction with the reproduction of sound generally.

It is thought that the invention and numerous of its attendant advantages will be understood from the foregoing description and it is obvious that numerous changes may be made in the form, construction, and arrangement of the several parts without departing from the spirit or scope of our invention, or sacrificing any of its attendant advantages, the forms herein described being preferred embodimentsfor the purpose of illustratipg our invention.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is as follows: I

-1. A record comprising a single ti ck continuous throughout its length and having therein a simultaneous recording of normal sound recording and a device-operating recording, whereby, when the record is reproduced, the recordings may be analyzed and the device operating recording applied to perform its function independently of but in timed relationship with the reproduction of the sound recording.

2. A record comprising a single recorded track continuous throughout its length and having therein a simultaneous recording of audible sound frequencies and one or more device-operating frequencies. I I

3. A record comprising a single track continuous throughout its length and having therein a simultaneous recording of audible sound frequencies and one or more coded device-operating frequencies.

4. A record comprising a single track continuous throughout its length and having therein a simultaneous recording of normal sound adapted to reproduces sound sequence and a deviceoperating recording adapted to actuate an operable device independently of and without interrupting the reproduction of the sound sequence. 75

action to insure the the performance of its device-operating function 5. A record comprising a sound track comprising a sound component having a device-operating component imposed on the sound component whereby, when the record is reproduced, the device-operating component may be segregated and applied to perform its function independently of the sound components reproduced from the sound track.

6. A record comprising a sound track modulated at a predetermined place or places in its length in accordance with a vibration superimposed thereon comprising a device-operating component having a predetermined frequency and wave form.

7. The method of making a record which consists in adding to normal sound waves a device operating component of predetermined character whereby to form a single composite wave and recording the composite wave whereby to produce a record adapted when reproduced to be analysed and the device-operating component applied for independently'of the reproduced sound waves.

8. A record comprising a single recorded track including both a normal recording of a sequence of sensory effects and a device-operating recording whereby, in reproducing the record. the records may be analyzed and the device operating recording independently applied in the performance of its function.

9. A record comprising a single recorded track including a normal recording of vibrations rep resenting a sequence ofsensory eflects throughout its length and a plurality of device-operating frequencies superimposed at intervals on the normal recording.

10. A record comprising a single recorded track including a normal recording of vibrations representing a sequence of sensory effects throughout its length and a plurality of device-operating fre quencies imposed at intervals in the normal recording, some of said device-operating frequencies having characteristics diiferent from other device-operating frequencies in the record, whereby the frequencies may be analyzed, when the record is reproduced, and segregated in accordance with their different characteristics and applied. .each to perform its device-operating function.

11. A record comprising a recorded track including a normal recording of-vibrations representing a sequence of sensory effects throughout its length and a plurality of device-operating frequencies superimposed at intervals on the normal recording, said device-operating frequencies including at least one having characteristics distinct from the others whereby said frequency having distinct characteristics may be segregated, when the record is reproduced, and applied to perform its device-operating function independently of other frequencies in the normal recording.

reproduced.

12. A record comprising a recorded track including a normal recording of vibrations representing a sequence of sensory effects throughout its length and a plurality of device-operating frequencies superimposed at intervals on the normal 5 recording, said device-operating frequencies including at least one having a frequency difl'erent from that of the others, whereby said device operating frequencies may be analyzed, when the record is reproduced, and the different frequencies 10 applied to perform their device-operating functions independently of the other frequencies.

13. A record comprising a record track including a normal recording of vibrations representing a sequence of sensory effects throughout its 15 length and a pluralityof device-operating frecorded track in order to form a composite record- 30 log containing a normal sensory component and a device-operating component adapted upon the reproduction of the record to be analyzed and the device-operating component applied in the performance of its function independently of the sensory component.

15. The method of making a record. which comprises in first recording a device. operating component to form a record track and then recording, in the track, a normal recording of a 4 sensorial effect to provide a composite recording containing a normal sensory component and a device-operating component adapted upon the 'reproduction of the record to be analyzed, and the device operating component applied in the per- 45 formance of its function independently of the sensory component.

16. The method of making a record, which consists in separately photographing a device-operating component and a component representing a sensorial eflect in superposed relationship upon a light sensitive film in order to provide a single compositerecord including a device-operating component and a sensorial component adapted to be analyzed and segregated and applied each in the performance of its function independently of the other when the record is

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