US2096020A

US2096020A - Method of making a record

Info

Publication number: US2096020A
Application number: US65129A
Authority: US
Inventors: Samuel E Adair
Original assignee: ALEXANDRA JENKINS; Jenkins & Adair Inc
Current assignee: ALEXANDRA JENKINS; Jenkins & Adair Inc
Priority date: 1933-03-27
Filing date: 1936-02-21
Publication date: 1937-10-19
Anticipated expiration: 1954-10-19

Description

Oct. 19, 1937.. v s. E. ADAIR ET AL I METHOD OF MAKING A RECORD Original Filed March 27, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 .N El

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VQ s HMTJ? Cil 0 Patented Oct. 19, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE linois "Original application March 2.7, 1933, Serial No.

662,860. Divided and this application February 21, 1936, Serial No. 65,129 i t 6 Claims.

This invention relates in general to a record from which sounds or other sensory effects may be reproduced and adapted to control operative devices in conjunction with sounds or other sensory effects articially reproduced from the record.

The present application comprises a division of the co-pending application 662,860, filed March 27, 1933 which in turn comprises a continuation in part of the application Serial No. 641,842, illed November 9, 1932 and issued as Patent Number 1,909,765 granted May 16, 1933.

An object of the invention is to provide a record having means to control the operation of any device in conjunction with the reproducing ofv a predetermined sound sequence or other sensory eiiect from the record, the operation of the device being controlled from such record.

Another object resides in providing means including a, sound record for reproducing a sound sequence and for actuating an operable device from impulses in the sound record itself during the reproduction of the sequence and without interruptingl or modifying the same.

Another object is to superimpose operating frequency vibrations at intervals in a sound or similar record whereby to operate a tuned relay,

or other device sensitive to the operating frequency, at one or more intervals as the sound record is reproduced, in order to operate, through the agency of the relay, any mechanical or electrical device in timed relationship with the sound sequence or other sensory eiects as reproduced from the record of the sound.

Another object is to produce a'record or sound track from which sound or other sensory effects may be reproduced and from which track or record-operating devices may be controlled to operate in timed relation with the reproduced sensory effects.

Another object resides in the method of reproducing sound or other sensory effects from a record or other sound source while controlling the operation of operable devices in timed relation and in conjunction with the sensory elects as the same are. reproduced.

Another object resides in providing a record adapted for use in automatic lecturing and demonstrating equipment whereby a lecture may be reproduced from a sound track or record, which also controls the operation of the device being operated or demonstrated in conjunction with the lecture, such equipment being especially well adapted for operating mechanical displays, such as may be arranged in shop Windows, or any other convenient display location in conjunction with the loud speaker which broadcasts a sound sequence which may comprise an oral description ofthe device or devices being operated,

.lfrom the record or track, the control of the display being accomplished by said record or track. Another object is to provide a record for use in an automatically operating apparatus for controlling the volume or pitch of sounds or noises produced in timed-relationship with displayed picture sequences or other visual effects as in the operation of the so-oalled talking moving pictures, the apparatus also being adaptable for the control of any operable device operated in conjunction with the displayed picture sequence or to operate Warning signals for any purpose during the progress of the picture sequence, such, for example, as to operate Warning lights in lthe managers office, or in the box office, or at other stations in the theatre in order to advise the stai of the theatre of the progress of the picture sequence being shown.

Another object of the invention resides in providing a record for use with talking moving picture apparatus for reproducing a sound sequence from the record or sound track, including means for controlling the reproduced sounds and for actuating separate operating devices for controlling the theatre lights or signaling to various stations in the theatre as the sound sequence progresses, said means being actuated from the sound record or track itself.

Another object of the invention resides in providing a record for use in an apparatus for reproducing a sound sequence from the record or track, said record including means for controlling the volume or pitch of the reproduced sound and means for actuating separate devices operable in conjunction with the reproduction oi the sound effect, said device being actuated from the sound track without being affected by the volume or pitch control.

Another object is to provide a method of and apparatus for producing a record or sound track from which a sound sequence, or other sequence of sensory effects, may be reproduced, and from which record or track operable devices may be actuated or controlled in timed relationship with the effects reproduced from the track or record.

Another object is to provide a record having a sound track including vibrations of a predetermined character to actuate operable devices other than the phonograph device with which the record may be used to reproduce the sound.

Other objects of the invention reside in the adaptations ofv the broad principles of the lnhereinafter disclosed.

Another object resides in providing automatic means operated by the recorditself for turning the mechanism to a predetermined set position, such as an initial or starting position.

Another object resides in providing, in con- Junction with a record of sound or other sensory eifect, means operated by the record itself for controlling a selector switch or other progressively operating device, while the effect is being reproduced from the record by means of operating vibrations impressed on the record itself and for returning the switch automatically to a predetermined position, such as an initial or starting pomtion, at a predetermined moment during the playing of the record, such as the moment when the record ends.

Another object resides in using a record of sound or other sensory eect having operating frequency components imposed on the record in conjunction with apparatus for reproducing the effect from the record and apparatus for advancing a selector switch, or other progressively operating device, in response to the frequency components wherein the selector switch is set to a predetermined position automatically at the completion of the reproduction of the record.

Another object is to provide a record having a sound track including vibrations of several distinct characters to actuate operable devices and to reset the same to a desired position or condition.

Numerous other objects and advantages of the invention will be appreciated as the same is more fully understood from the following description, which, taken with the accompanying drawings, discloses a preferred embodiment of and for the purpose of disclosing the invention.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a record and record reproducing system embodying the invention, said system being actuated from a grooved sound track or record by means of a mechanical pick-up device;

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a photoelectric pick-up device, which may be substituted for the mechanical pick-up in the system shown in Figure 1 for use with a photographic record;

Figure 3 is an enlarged diagrammatic representation of one form of sound record or track having an operating frequency superimposed thereon in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic representation of apparatus for making a record for use in practicing the invention;

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic representation of a record reproducing system embodying the invention in which the operating components of the record are used to progressively operate a selector switch and wherein the selector switch is automatically returned to an initial or starting position when the system is conditioned to commence reproduction of the record;

Figure 6 shows a system similar to that of Figure 5 in which the record itself carries a series of operating components which cause the selector switch to be turned to a desired position from any other switch position;

Figure 'I shows a system similar to those of Figures 5 and 6 in which a single operating component on the record causes the selector switch v 9,090,090 vention to the various types of specinc devices` to move to a desired position from any other switch position;

Figure 8 is a side view of the selector switch shown diagrammatically in Figures 5, 6 and 7;

Figure 9 is a perspective view showing a magnetic record which maybe used in conjunction with a suitable magnetic pick-up for impressing the recorded vibrations upon a sound reproducing and device actuating system in accordance with the present invention; and

Figure 10 shows a modified arrangement of a part of the system illustrated in Figure 1.

To illustrate the invention, there is shown on the drawings, in Figure 1, an electrical system for reproducing sound and, at the same time, controlling operable devices, such as a tuned relay 2|, from a record represented generally at II, through a pick-up device I5. 'Ihe sound record II may be made in any suitable or convenient manner known to the art and may be of any suitable form, that is to say, may be a groove formed in a cylinder or disk, as shown in Figure 1; may be photographic record on lm, as shown in Figure 2; or may be a magnetic record formed, as for instance, in an iron wire as shown in Figure 9.

As shown in Figure 3, the record Il consists of a single recorded track incorporating both a normal sound recording I2, which, for simplicity, shall be called the sound track, and a deviceoperating recording I3, which shall be called the operating component; that is to say, the normal sound track is combined with the operating component so that the record II consists, in part, of recorded vibrations I4, comprising the resultant of the sound track I2, and the operating component I3. l

'I'he operating component I3 may have a sinusoidal wave form as shown in Figure 3, or may be of more complicated configuration. The wave may be a simple wave or may be the envelope of an oscillation of higher frequency. The Wave may have uniform frequency or may be a coded series of vibrations, in which case, the relay 2| is a coded relay adjusted to react only to the particular coded component in response to which it is desired to have the relay react.

The operating component moreover need not necessarily be artificially applied to the record, or the original sound, but may be a pre-selected component of the sound sequence itself, the relay 2I being adjusted to re-act to the particular selected component, as for instance, in orchestral music, the relay may be set to operate in response to a, particular note of a particular instrument.

The record II, if the operating component is applied thereto artificially, may be prepared in any suitable manner as by connecting, with a suitable recording apparatus I 4I, a suitable device I43 for delivering to the recording apparatus the operating component at the proper time so that the same may be superposed upon the sound vibrations as they are recorded, the sound vibrations being fed into the sound recording device by any suitable pick-up, such as a microphone |45, if the record is made from the original sound, or a pick-up device |46, where the record II is made from a previously recorded sound track, or a microphone and pick-up may be used together if desired as where previously recorded incidental music is to be dubbed as a background in the record for the original sound.

The oscillating device |43 may be an oscillating electric circuit tuned to the frequency desired for the operating component, or may be a previously prepared record of an operatlngvibration having a desired'frequency or frequencies. The oscillatlng device is connected with the recording device through a normally open control key |41, which key is closed by the `cperator whenever it is desired to impress the `operating component upon the sound recording. .This is known as dubbing" the operating component on the sound track.

Alternatively, a device |48 capable of creating vibrations in the air, may be positioned near the sound pick-up |45 of the recording device |4|, the vibration device being actuated at intervals to add the desired operating component to the sound waves reaching the pick-up device.

Numerous other methods of superposing the operating frequency upon the sound track in the record will suggest themselves to those familiar with the artof recording sound waves and the invention is not necessarily limited to any particular mode of producing the composite record I It is, however, preferable to prepare the composite record II by dubbing the operating frequency upon the soundtrack, rather than by adding the same to the sound waves before they are applied to the pick-up |45.

The foregoing methods may be employed in making record grooves in Wax or similar material, and in making magnetized wire records and photographic records. It is also contemplated making magnetized wire and photographic records by first applying the actuating component upon the recorded sound track. In the case of the magnetic record, this may be accomplished by magnetizing the Wire at the proper places in accordance With the desired operating component, the wire being either previously or subsequently treated to magnetize it in accordance with the sound track recording.

In photographic records, the operatingcomponent may be photographed on the undeveloped negative on which the sound track record is subsequently or has previously been photographed, and the double exposure developed on the negative from which a positive print of the composite recording can be made, or a negative of a normal sound track record may be printed as a positive and the print of a separate negative of the operating component superimposed on the positive print of the sound sequence and the double exposure developed on the positive.

The sound-reproducing and device-actuatin2 system consists of a suitable pick-up device I adapted to be vibrated in accordance with the vibrations recorded on the record II, a soundemitting device or loud speaker I9 connected to the pick-up preferably through the amplifying system I1, and a tuned relay 2I adapted to be actuated by the operating component of the record and also connected with a pick-up device through arelay operating system 23 and filter 25.

The pick-up device I5, as shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, may consist of an ordinary magnetic device, such as is commonly used in conjunction With the ordinary grooved phonograph record, or, an `ordinary mechanical phonograph pick-up may be used in conjunction with a microphone to impress the vibrations of the record upon the input of the amplifying system I1.`

In Figure 2 of the drawings, the sound track is shown as a photographic record, such asr is commonly used in the audible moving picture art and the pick-up device includes the light source 29, the aperture 3| and a target 33, comprising a photo-electric cell, or other light-sensilight source impinge after passing `through the aperture and the photographic record II, as is well known in the art.

'I'he invention does not necessarily reside in the particular form of record and co-operating pick-up device employed but any suitable or convenient form or forms of record and co-operating pick-up device may be used to apply the vibrations of the record upon the sound reproducing and device-actuating system.

Similarly, the amplifying system I1 may be of any suitable or convenient form or arrangement for the purpose of receiving the vibrations initiated therein by the pick-up device of whatever character used, amplifying the vibrations and delivering the amplified vibrations to the soundemitting speaker I9 and to the relay 2 I. In some cases, it may be possible to omit the amplifying system entirely, but ordinarily some form of amplication is desirable.

To illustrate the invention, therefore, there has been shown an amplifying system comprising a transformer 35, the primary winding 31 of which is provided for connection with the pick-up and thus forms the input of the system and the secondary winding 39 of which is connected through a variable resistance volume control arranged as a potentiometer 4I to a-vacuum tube 43, the grid 45 of Which is connected with the shiftable member of the potentiometer 4|, the plate 41 of the vacuum tube 43^being connected to one end of the primary Winding 49 of a transformer 5I, the other end of the primary winding being connected through a condenser 53, to one side of the filament 55 of the vacuum tube, said side of the filament being also connected through the grid bias means, preferably an electric battery 51, with the potentiometer 4|. The filament 55 may be heat ed in any convenient manner as is well known in the art and terminals 59 and 60 are provided for supplying the plate potential. One end of the secondary winding 63 of the transformer 5| is connected with the grid 65 of a vacuum tube 61, the plate 69 of which is connected to one end of the primary Winding 1| of a transformer 13, the secondary winding 15 of which comprises the output of the amplifying system I1. 'Ihe filament I1 of the vacuum valve B1 may be heated in any suitable or convenient manner and one side of the filament is connected through the grid bias means', preferably an electric battery 19, with the secondary Winding 63 of the transformer 5I, the same side of the filament 11 being connected through the condenser 8| with the primary Winding 1| of the transformer 13. Terminals 83 and 85 are provided for supplying the plate potential.

The speaker I9 is connected by means of suitable conductors 89 to the Winding 15, the relay 2| being connected, through the relay-operating system 23 and the lter 25, to the winding 31.

The filter 25 comprises inductance coils 9| and condensers 93 and forms a filter tuned to the frequency of the operating component of the record I I, so as to pass the operating component freely while attenuating and suppressing othe frequencies.

The input of the filter may be connected Wit the output Winding 15 of the amplifying system I1, or may, as shown, be connected to the secondary 92 of a transformer 94, the primary 96 of which forms a part of the primary circuit of the transformer 35. This has the advantage that the relay is not subjected to the 1volume control tive device, connected to the input of the reproducing system and upon which light rays from the the input of the relay-operating system 29 whichl comprises means to amplify the operating component and includes a transformer 9|, the primary 91 of which forms the inputof the system -and the secondary 99 of which is connected at one end to the grid III of avacuum tube |93 and the other end of which is connected through a grid-biasing means, preferably an electrical battery |95, with one side of the filament |91. 'Ihe filament |91 may be heated by any suitable or convenient means well known in the art and terminals ||5 and ||1 are provided for applying the plate potential between the plate and filament.

The coil I I9 of the tuned relay is connected across the output of the amplifier 29. The relay 2| is adapted for operation by alternating currents delivered to the coil, the function of the relay-operating system 23 being to amplify the power of the relay-operating component sufficiently to operate the relay, which may require for its operation more power than is delivered to the operating system. In some cases, it may be satisfactory to eliminate the system 23 and operate the relay directly from the pick-up or from the output of the system I1. The relay, when actuated by the operating component, operates the shiftable member |99, which may be mechanically connected to control a device to be operated, or, as illustrated. may be arranged to operate an electrical switch for controlling the circuit |||I, which, in turn, may be connected to eect the electrical control of any device to be operated.

While in some cases, it may not be necessary to utilize the amplifier 29, and the filter 25, since it is possible to operate the relay 2| directly from the output of the amplifier system |1, it is, however, desirable to provide these refinements in order to insure positive operation of the relay in response to the operating component on the record.

Any desired number of relays 2| may be connected in parallel and actuated from the output of the amplifier 23, as indicated in Figure 1, by connecting the output to the bus connecters |23, and connecting a plurality of relays similar to the relay 2| for operation from the bus connecters |22, the relays being individually tuned and connected directly to the bus connecters |23 or relays, either tuned or untuned, may be connected, as shown in Figure 10, through the intermediary of band pass filters |2|, that is to say filters adapted to pass the particular frequency to which the relays are desired to respond. Such band pass filters may be of construction similar to the lter 25.

If each relay is connected to the bus connecters through the intermediary of a filter, each filter may be selected or adjusted to pass a particular frequency so that by forming operating components I9 at different frequencies in the record, the several relays so connected may be caused to operate selectively. The arrangement will be more fully discussed in connection with Figure 7.

Moreover., if the relay is connected through a filter 25 and an amplifier 23, the relay itself need not be accurately tuned to the frequency of the operating component as is the case if the lter is omitted.

It is also possible to operate a plurality of tuned relays 2| directly from the output of the relayoperating system 23. With such an arrangement,

the relays may be mechanically tuned accurately each to respond to an operating component for a particular predetermined frequency in order to obtain selective operation of the relays, the filter, which is preferably used in the combination, being a low-pass filter to pass all frequencies within the tuned range of the relays.

If the operating component has a frequency within the range of audible frequencies, the speaker or sound-emitting device I9 will, of course, respond to the audible frequency of the operating component whenever the same is impressed upon the system by the pick-up device.

It is possible to utilize a speaker I9, which will react only to a certain band of frequencies within the audible range and for all ordinary purposes, it is quite practical to use a speaker operating in the audible range of frequencies above cycles and below 5,000 cycles since a speaker in this range will accurately reproduce all normal speech and music and it is contemplated using such a band frequency speaker and to maintain the operating components at frequencies below 80 cycles and above 5,000 cycles, even though frequencies as lowas 40 cycles and as high as 10,000 cycles are audible.

In some instances, however, it may be necessary to utilize operating components having frequencies withln the range of the speaker and since the reproduction of the operating component as sound may be undesirable where the sound sequence is being reproduced for its pleasing effect upon the hearer, there has been provided for eliminating the transmission of any sound by the device I9, which may be caused by the operating component.

This may be accomplished by causing the relays 2| to switch suitable filter circuits into operation in the speaker circuit so as to silence the speaker circuit to the operating frequencies only.

It is preferred, however, to filter the operating component from the circuit 99, leading to the speaker, by inserting in the conductors 99, between the output of the amplifying system I1 and the sound-emitting device I9, a band-eliminating filter 90, which functions to highly attenuate the frequencies of the operating components of the record.

In Figures 5, 6 and 7, there are illustrated systems whereby the record may be utilized to control a progressively operable device, such as the selector switch illustrated in Figure 8, during the progress of the reproduction of the record and whereby the selector switch may be automatically turned to a predetermined setting from any switch position, as for instance, where it may be desired to turn the selector switch to an initial or starting position at the termination of the reproduction of the record in order to be ready for the next time the record is reproduced or played.

As shown in Figure 8 of the drawings, the selector switch comprises a frame |5| carrying a rotary element |53 comprising a blade |55, the opposite ends of which are adapted to extend from the rotary support |53 in diametrically opposite directions. The ends of the blade 55 terminate in contact portions |51, |59, adapted when the blade is rotated on the frame 5| to progressively engage the blade contacting portions of a set of terminals |59, which are carried on an insulated support frame |5| mounted on the main frame |5|. The contactor |51 engages the terminals |59 in succession during one half turn of the blade |55 while the contactor |59 repeats the terminal-engaging process during another half turn of the blade. Each one of the terminals I 59 may be connected to form parts of external control circuits adapted to be actuated `when the blades engage the terminals |59. The

`pick-up device I is connected in series with the .input windings 31 of the amplifying system I1 and 96 of the relay-actuating system which comprises the transformer 94 and filter 25 and the amplier 23 so that the sound track I2 of record II may operate the loud speaker I9 through the amplier I1 while the operating components |3 may actuate the relay 2| as previously described in connection with the system shown in Figure 1. In Figures 5, 6 and 7 also the rotary selector switch is shown diagrammatically and there are illustrated, in each case,two sets of terminals |59 and terminal `engaging blades |55, but it should be understood that any desired number of terminal sets may be used in order to multiply the control circuits actuated by the rotary switch.

The rotary switch also includes a relay having a solenoid |63 mounted on'the frame |5| and an armature |65 tiltably mounted on the frame adjacent the solenoid and adapted to be shifted against the base of a spring |61 whenever the solenoid |63 is energized. A switch I 69 also is carried on the main frame of the rotary switch and is operatively associated with the armature |65 so as to be opened whenever the solenoid is energized. 'Ihe armature |65 carries a pawl |1| extending to a ratchet wheel |13 which is xed to the rotatable element |53. The pawl |1| is normally urged by means of the spring |15 into engagement with the ratchet wheel so that as the armature is tilted on the frame |5| by the alternate effect of the spring |61 Aand the energized solenoid |63, `the pawl may co-operate with the ratchet wheel to progressively rotate the element |53 and thus advance the switch arms |55' into progressive contact with the terminals |59. A det tent |16 also is mounted on the frame in position to co-operate with the ratchet wheel to permit it to be advanced in one direction onl'y, by the pawl |1I. The selector switch illustrated is a type commonly used in telephone circuits and it has been shown here by way of explanation rather than by limitation, since it will be obvious that the invention is not limited to any particular form of switch and, in fact, may apply to any progressively-actuated device. The progressively- 'actuated device to be controlled is shown diagrammatically as a rotary switch of lthe type illustrated in Figure 8 and including at least two sets |11 and |19 of terminals |59 and co-operating contactors. The terminals |59 of the set |19 are provided with conductors IBI whereby the same may be connected in external control circuits while means is provided to connect the contactors |51 and |56 of the set |19 with an external conductor |83 whereby to complete the external circuits in the arrangement shown in Figure 5, one

end of the coil of the solenoid |63 is connected in series with a contact switch 85, the other side of which is connected in series through a source of electrical power |81, and thence to the other end of the solenoid coil. The switch 85 is actuated by a time-delay relay |89, and is closed after a predetermined time-delay when the solenoid or the relay is energized.

The solenoid |69 is arranged in a series circuit including a power source |9I, and the switch |09 of a system similar to that shown in Figure 1. With such an arrangement, the relay switch |09 will close every time an operating component I3 energizes the pick-up and the relay |89 will consequently close the switch |85 and complete a circuit for energizing the solenoid |63. It is, of course, possible to dispense with the time-delay relay |89 by connecting the switch |09 directly in the operating circuit of the solenoid |63 in place of the switch |85 but it has been preferred to use a time-delay relay to eliminate operation of the operating circuit when the switch |09 is closed accidentally for an instant, as sometimes happens as a result of influences exerted upon the system other than the definite operating frequencies I3.

As the record is reproduced, the operating components I3 successively cause the relay 2| to close the switch |09 and the solenoid I 89 is energized to close the switch |05. When this happens, the solenoid |63 will be energized and will actuate the armature |65 and advance the contactors |51 into engagement with the next succeeding terminal 59 of both sets |11 and |19. When the solenoid |63 is energized by the closure of the switch |05, the armature |65 in the illustrated embodiment will tilt in a clockwise direction about its pivot point against the tension of the spring |61, the pawl |1| being carried downwardly. As soon as the operating frequency ends, the switches |09 and |05 open, thus breaking the solenoid circuit and permitting the spring |61 to draw the armature in a counterclockwise direction thus raising the pawl and advancing the ratchet wheel |13 sufficiently to turn the contacts |55 into engagement with the next adjacent terminal |59.

The operating system just described for the selector switch is in itself novel and when used with the record' can be utilized to effect the control of the external-operating circuits ISI-|63, and thus control any desired series of operations.

After the record has been reproduced, the selector switch, depending upon the number of operating components |3 contained in the record, will have advanced to a position engaging one of the intermediate contacts |59 of the set |19,

and, if the switch is permitted to remain in such position as, for instance, that illustrated in Figure 5 of the drawings, the switch will not be in proper position to commence the control sequence when the record is again reproduced. It has been, therefore, provided for returning the selector switch to an initial or starting position automatically at the termination of the record. To this end the terminals of the set |11 with the exception of the end terminal I 60 are connected inseries.

A switch |95 is also provided and this switch is adapted to be closed Whenever the pick-up device is conditioned to commence the reproduction of the record.

In the illustrated embodiment, the record is in the form of a disk and the pick-up device is carried on an arm 20| swngably supported to move across the disk record while the switch |95 is operatively connected with the arm 20| in such a way that whenever the arm 20| is moved to raise the pick-up device from the record, the switch V|95 will be closed. The switch |95 is connected in a series circuit including the switch |69, the power source |61, the contacts of the set |11, and the solenoid |63. The shorted contacts of the set |11 being connected to one end of the solenoid coil |63 and the contactors |51 and I 58 being .connected to the switch 95 which is connected through the switch |69, and the power source to the other end of the coil |63 so that when the arm 20| is raisedin order to either reset the device I5 to a position for starting the reproduction of the record, or to enable the record to be removed from its turn-table, the switch |95 will be closed. This will complete a circuit through the solenoid |63, and the armature |65 will be actuated to turn the ratchet wheel. In-

, stead of moving only once to advance the contactor |55 to the next adjacent terminal |59, as in the case where the switch is operated by the operating frequency I3 in the record, the switch |95 is held in closed position but the armature, is moving downwardly, under the influence of the spring |61, will permit the switch |69 to close and re-establish the circuit through the solenoid |63. Consequently, the armature will again be turned in a counter-clockwise direction and will continue to make and break the circuit at the switch |69 and reciprocate the pawl |1| until the ratchet wheel |13 is turned to a position in which the contactor I 55 of the set |11 reaches the terminal contact |60 at which time, the solenoid circuit will be broken because the terminal |60 is not connected in the circuit as are the other terminals of the set |11.

Obviously the switch |95 does not necessarily have to be mounted for operation by the movement of the arm 20| but may be actuated in any other suitable way as, for instance, by forming the switch as a push button for manual operation in response to the movement of a switch used to control the driving means, which shifts the record past the pick-up device I5. It is also possible to provide for shifting the switch arm |55 to any desired position at any time by isolating one of the terminals of the set I 11 to thus cause the arm |55 to stop opposite said isolated terminal. Other control circuits for setting the switch arm to a predetermined position will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art whereby, should the switch arm |55 be shifted or held from shifting in order to synchronize the rotary switch with the record in order to bringI the switch into step, should it for some reason or other get out of step with the record during the playing of t-he same.

The system illustrated in Figure 6 of the drawings is adapted to utilize a plurality of operating frequency impulses in order to set the switch arm 55 to a desired positon. The operating frequency impulses are formed as a succession of impulses, which are impressed on the record at the conclusion of the recorded sound frequency or sensory effect as indicated at I3 in Figure 6 of the drawings. The ,switch |85 in this system is connected in series with the power source |81, thesolenold coil |63 and the terminal set |11, all of the terminals of which set are connected together with the exception of the terminal |62, which, in the illustrated embodiment, is next adjacent the nal terminal of the set but which, it desired, may be any of the terminals of the set opposite which it is desired to stop the arm 55. A switch |96 is also provided and this switch is adapted to be closed just before the reproduction of the record commences. This switch may be arranged for operation in any suitable or convenient manner and may be formed as a manually operable push button, or for operation by the starter switch that controls the mechanism for moving the record past the pick-up device but it is preferred to form the switch as illustrated so that the same is closed momentarily when the arm 20| is positioned to engage the pick-up device I5 with the initial portion of the record in commencing the reproduction thereof. The switch |96 is connected in series with the power source |81 and the solenoid |63. As the record is reproduced, this solenoid |63 will be periodically actuated by the operating frequencies I3 of the record, the actuation taking place through the system including the transformer 94, the filter 25, the amplifier 23 and the tuned relay 2| and the time-delay relay |89. Consequently, the switch arm |55 will be progressively advanced and at the conclusion of the record will occupy a. position opposite one of the intermediate terminals |59. At the end of the record, the series of operating frequencies 3 will cause the switch to be rapidly advanced, there being enough impulses to ensure that the arm |55 is carried into position opposite the free terminal |62, at which point movement of the arm in response to the energization of the relay |89 will stop because the terminal |62 is not connected in the circuit including the switch closed by said relay. The switch arm will remain in. such position until the switchA |96 is closed, at which instance, the solenoid circuit will be completed and will cause the arm to progress to a position such that, whenthe solenoid |63 is energized by the first operating frequency I3 of the record, it will be moved into engagement with the terminal |59 that is connected to the first of the external circuits I8| to be actuated. It will be noted that the succession of operating frequencies I3 is utilized to move the arm |55 to a position just short of the initial position after which the switch |96 is actuated to bring the switch arm into the initial position. In Figure 5, on the contrary, the actuation of the switch is utilized to bring the switch arm |55 directly to the initial position.

In Figure '1 of the drawings, there has been illustrated a system wherein a single operating frequency, at the termination of the record, is used in place of the series of impulses I3 to turn the switch arm |55 to a predetermined position, the final operating frequency in such case having a characteristic wave form ydifferent from that employed in the operating frequencies I3.

In the system shown in Figure '7, the contacts |59 of the series |11 are, with the exception of the initial and nal terminals |60, connected together and the so-connected terminals are connected in a series circuit including the switch |69, a switch 203, the power source |81, and the coil |63, the inter-connected terminals being connected to one contact of the switch |69, the other contact of the switch being connected to one terminal of the switch 203, the other terminal of said switch being connected to the power source |01, the other side of the power source being connected to one end of the coil |63, the other end of which is connected to the contactors of the terminal set |11. The coil |63 and power source |81 are also connected in series with the switch |85 so that the switch |85 operates in parallel with the switch 203 and the inter-connected contacts of the set |11 upon the coil |63 and the power source |81 so that either closure of the switch |85, or closure of the switch 203 with one of the contactors |51, |58 engaging one of the inter-connected terminals, will energize the coil |63. The switch 203 is of the toggle type, that is to say, is provided with yielding means 205 which operate to hold the switch in either open or closed position. The switch |85, however, is normally urged by means of the spring |86 toward open position so that the switch is opened by the spring |86 except when the relay coil |89 is energized. Interlocking means 201 is also preferably provided between the switches 203 and |85 so that, when the switch |85 closes, the switch 203 will be opened. The switch 203 may be closed by means of the solenoid 209 which may be connected directly to the output of .the amplifying system 23 or may be connected to the output of the system through an intermediate relay similar to the relay 2| and power source similar to the power source |9I employed in connecting the relay |89 to the output of the amplifying system 23. The relay |89 is connected in series with a power source-|9I and a switch I 09, which switch is operated by the coil I|9 of the relay 2|, said coil ||9 being connected to the output of the amplifying system 23. This system is adapted for turning the switch arm |55 to a predetermined setting such as the initial or starting position when a single operating frequency I3" occurs in the record, said operating frequency I3" having a dierent wave characteristic or frequency from that of the operating frequencies |3. The relay 209 is responsive only to the operating frequency I3" while the relay |89, through the relay 2|. is responsive only to the operating frequencies |3. Consequently, as the record moves past the pickup device I5, the, relay coil |89 will be energized each time the pick-up device encounters one of the operating frequencies I3, the coil |09 remaining inactive.

It will be noted that should the switch 203 be closed, when the first operating frequency I3 energizes the relay |89, the closure of the switch |65 in response to an operating frequency `|3, the pawl |1| will advance the ratchet |13 a distance sufficient to move the contacts |51 from terminal l59 tothe next adjacent terminal |59. Thus, as the record progresses, the various circuits I-8I will be actuated successively. At the conclusion of the record, the arm |55 will have been advanced to a position intermediate the end positions. The final or switch-setting frequency I3" will actuate the solenoid 209 to close the switch 203, the switch, on account of its toggle construction, will remain closed until opened by the actuation of the relay |89 in response to a later operating frequency |3. As the switch 203 closes with the contactors |51 engaging one of the intercom nected terminals l59 of the set |11, the coil |63 will be energized to turn the ratchet-wheel I 13. As the armature I 65 moves to accomplish this, `the switch |69 is caused to open and break the circuit, rie-energizing the coil |63 and permitting the armature |65 to return to its normal position under the influence of the spring |61, thus reclosing the switch |69 and again energizing the relay so that as long as the switch 203 remains closed and the contactor |51 engages one of the intermediate terminals |59 of the set |11, the arm |55 will continue to advance. As soon as the conterminal set |11, 203 and the switch |69 will be opened and the coil cannot thereafter be energized through said circuit to advance the switch arm |55. It will be noted that as the contactor |51 engages the final terminal |60, the contactor |58 at the other end of the switch arm will engage the initial terminal of the set |11 and this is the reason for isolating the initial and the iinal terminal. Obviously the switch arm will be caused to stop in any desired position by simply isolating the terminal '|59 of the set |11 at the desired stopping point. As the record continues to play, or if the record is repeated, the first operating component I3 to engage the pick-up device will energize the coil |89, will open the switch 203 and will advance the switch arm 55 into position engaging the contactor |58 with the first terminal |59 next adjacent to the isolated terminal |60.

As an alternative arrangement, the switch 203 may be formed simply as a normally open switch similar to the switch |85 instead of as a toggle switch as shown, and the interconnecting 'arm 201 omitted. With such an arrangement, the device-setting recording I3" mayfbe extended so that the coded frequency initiated in the relayA 209, when the pick-up device I5 engages the re cording I3", will be continued for an appreciable period and will hold the switch 203 in closed position maintaining the switch circuit in operation long enough to permit the contactor arm |55 to be advanced to the desired position.

It should be understood that the relay parts |63, |65 and |69 operate extremely rapidly when the switch 203 is closed to turn the arm |55 so that the resetting impulse initiated in the system by the device-resetting recording I3" is not necessarily unduly prolonged, in fact, the eiect produced by the recording I3" on the pick-up in the modified arrangement need only prevail for a few seconds.

It is also desired to direct attention tol the possibility of utilizing the invention in the control of a system incorporating the 'so-called telegraph relays, which respond tocoded vibrations initiated in the system, that is to say, each relay may be calibrated to respond only to a definite sequence of relatively long and short impulses, or to relatively long and short gaps between impulses.

Relays of this character may be incorporated in the device-operating system in place of the relay 2| and the device-operating recordings I3 formed in the record in such a way as to provide a `coded series of relay-operating impulses upon the system so that any desired one of the calibrated .relays will respond to its proper coded impulse initiated by the coded vibrations on the record.

The present invention has many practical applications. It may be incorporated with a picture-display device in order to deliver a lecture or suitable music, and, at the same time, cause the picture displayed by the device to change at the proper time during the lecture or accompanyingmusic. This` is accomplished simply by having the picture-changing mechanism actuated by the relay 2|, that is to say, whenever the operating component occurs in the record Il, the picture will be changed.

The picture-display device may be of any type, for instance, the ordinary automatic stereopticon or slide-projector comprising devices for presenting a series of slides or pictures in position tactor |51 reaches the isolatedcontact |80 of thenv the circuit, including the switch for display, or may be a still-film projector, that is to say, a device employing cinematograph film having pictures photographed in the successive frames of the film` and mechanism for advancing one frame at a time and allowing each picture frame to remain in display position until the picture-changing mechanism is again actuated to advance the next frame into displaying position.

The apparatus and method of the invention may also be used in art museums to actuate picture-illuminating means in conjunction with the reproduction of a lecture concerning the pictures, which lecture may be delivered or broadcast from a centrally located loud speaker or speakers. The pictures being successively illuminated in order to render them highly visible as they are described during the progress of the lecture.

The invention may also be utilized to effect `a practical automatic demonstration of any mechanical device requiring demionstration, as, for instance, in a shop window or elsewhere, in conjunction with the delivery of a lecture or explanatory talk, the operation of the demonstrated device being controlled through the relay or relays !I in order to occur at the proper time during the course of the lecture. The control of the operation of the device being demonstrated and the lecture both originate from the pick-up l5 or its equivalent.

In the projection of talking-moving pictures, it is frequently necessary, in order to obtain dramatic effects, to dim the lights of the theatre, to vary the volume of sound emitted by the loud' speakers, or to control other effect-producing devices at intervals during the visual or picture sequence. Such control operations may be accomplished automatically, by means of our invention, by impressing upon the sound track of.

the cinematograph film an operating frequency component at intervals and utilizing this component in accordance with the invention heretofore described in order, by means of the relays 2|, or their equivalent, to actuate a control device for dimming the theatre lights, increasing the amplification of the system through which the sounds are broadcast, or controlling other devices for producing sensory effects during the progress of the picture sequence.

In accomplishing the volume control, it is pref erable to utilize suitable switch means for progressively increasing or decreasing the amplification in order to effect the control gradually. With this type of switch, it is preferred to utilize two relays 2i, one relay sensitive to an operating component having'one frequency for advancing the switch, the other relay being sensitive to an operating component having a different fre-` quency. By applying a succession of operating components of one frequency, on the sound track, the volume control switch may be progressively advanced to an extent at any time during the progress of the picture of the sequence and by interposing operating components of the other frequency, the volume control may be reduced by progressive steps at any time during the projection of the picture.

It is also possible to actuate warning signals and perform other control functions such as the starting of auxiliary projectors at intervals during the progress of the talking picture in response to actuating components impressed directly on the sound track and without interrupting the sound or picture sequence. Such warning signals may be located in the managers oiilce, the

box office, or at other locations in the theatre in order to advise the manager or the box oiiice as to the progress of the picture being displayed. Operating components impressed on the sound track may also be utilized to warn the operator of the projection machine at intervals in order that he may take proper action to insure the projection of the successive reels at the proper time, that is to say, near the end of the first reel, the sound track may be arranged to give a make ready" warning so that the next reel may be mounted in a second machine ready for projection or may be made ready for mounting in the same machine if only one is used in the theatre, and an operating component may be used to automatically start the second machine in operation at the proper time.

Numerous other useful applications will suggest themselves to those familiar with the practical aspects of the projection of talking pictures in particular and the operation of devices in conjunction with the reproduction of sound generally.

It is thought that the invention and numerous of its attendant advantages will be understood from the foregoing description and it is obvious that numerous changes may be made in the form, construction, and arrangement of the several parts without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, or sacrificing any of its attendant advantages, the forms herein described being preferred embodiments for the purpose of illusa trating our invention.

What is claimed is:

1. 'I'he method of making a record which consists in the magnetization of a magnetizable strip in accordance with a vibrational component representing a sensorial sequence, and independently magnetizing said strip in accordance with a device-operating vibration.

2. The method of making a record which consists in magnetizing a magnetizable material in accordance with a device-operating vibration and superposing thereon a vibrational component representing a sensorial sequence.

3. The method of making a record in a magnetizable material which consists in variably magnetizing said material by means of lines of force representing a modulated audio frequency, and superposing on said material other lines of force representing a device operating vibration.

4. The method of making a record in a mag- .netizable material which consists in variably Imagnetizing said material while the same is in motion by means of lines of force representing a modulated audio frequency, and superposing on said material other lines of force representing a device operating vibration.

5. The method of making a record in a magnetizable material which consists in subjecting said material to magnetic lines of force, some of which are produced in accordance with variations representing a device-operating vibration.

6. The method of making a record in a magnetizable material which consists in subjecting said material to magnetic lines of force, some of which are produced in accordance with variations representing a device-operating vibration, and others of which correspond to a sensorial sequence.

SAMUEL E. ADAIR, ALEXANDRA. JENMNS, Administratra: of the Estate of John Elliott Jenkms, Deceased.