US20230392582A2 - Floating reinforced concrete platform applicable to the marine wind power sector industry - Google Patents

Floating reinforced concrete platform applicable to the marine wind power sector industry Download PDF

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Publication number
US20230392582A2
US20230392582A2 US17/998,160 US202117998160A US2023392582A2 US 20230392582 A2 US20230392582 A2 US 20230392582A2 US 202117998160 A US202117998160 A US 202117998160A US 2023392582 A2 US2023392582 A2 US 2023392582A2
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Prior art keywords
platform
reinforced concrete
wind turbine
quasi
concrete
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US20230228247A1 (en
Inventor
Santiago DE GUZMÁN MONTÓN
Jaime MOREU GAMAZO
Mirian TERCENÑO HERNAÁNDEZ
Pedro LOÁPEZ VIZCAYNO
Caridad GARCIÁA MERONÑO
Salvador DELGADO FRANCO
OÁscar PEÁREZ DIÁAZ
Alberto TABOADA GOSAÁLVEZ
Alberto NEGUERUELA IMANÑA
Daniel GONZAÁLEZ LOÁPEZ
Manuel MOREU MUNAIZ
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SEAPLACE SL
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Individual
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Assigned to SEAPLACE, S.L. reassignment SEAPLACE, S.L. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DELGADO FRANCO, Salvador, TABOADA GOSALVEZ, ALBERTO, DE GUZMAN MONTON, SANTIAGO, GARCIA MERONO, CARIDAD, GONZALEZ LOPEZ, DANIEL, LOPEZ VIZCAYNO, PEDRO, MOREU GAMAZO, Jaime, MOREU MUNAIZ, Manuel, NEGUERUELA IMANA, ALBERTO, PEREZ DIAZ, OSCAR, TERCENO HERNANDEZ, MIRIAN
Publication of US20230228247A1 publication Critical patent/US20230228247A1/en
Publication of US20230392582A2 publication Critical patent/US20230392582A2/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B5/00—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material
    • B63B5/14—Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/442—Spar-type semi-submersible structures, i.e. shaped as single slender, e.g. substantially cylindrical or trussed vertical bodies
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/50—Anchored foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the technical field of application of the present invention is that of floating platforms of the offshore wind industry.
  • the present invention consists of a floating platform made of reinforced concrete on which a wind turbine for producing wind power at sea is supported.
  • Invention patent CN102358402A relates to a floating platform for the production and storage of hydrocarbons.
  • the structure is formed by several bodies made of steel with a hexagonal shape arranged in the form of a honeycomb, with each of these bodies being a hydrocarbon storage tank, and wherein each tank shares its six walls with six other tanks.
  • the fact that the tanks share walls means that the draft differences existing in contiguous tanks, and also the differences with the actual draft of the platform when it is floating at sea, causes a difference in pressures which subjects the structure to a series of forces.
  • These forces, combined with the loads produced by external agents, such as the waves, require very thick walls if annular and longitudinal reinforcements to ensure the structural strength of the rig and to ensure that it does not collapse during operation are not provided.
  • the present invention consisting of vertical tanks having a quasi-cylindrical shape arranged in a staggered manner, uses reinforced concrete to prevent buckling and has openings in the middle of the structure which are directly connected to the sea. This favors load symmetry which causes the structure to work uniformly, regardless of the water fill level of the different tanks. Furthermore, it achieves a natural prestress state in the concrete, reducing fractures or cracks therein, improving the leak-tightness of the platform, and improving the structural strength in the event of asymmetrical loads, such as impacts from waves.
  • patent WO2013155521A1 one of its embodiments describes a platform made of concrete based on several cylindrical bodies arranged concentrically around a central cylinder, also made of concrete, and attached thereto by means of different types of longitudinal steel structures. Solutions of this type, with several bodies attached to one another, require a high degree of local reinforcement in the attachment areas since they are the most sensitive to forces produced on the entire assembly as they are load transmission areas. The need to reinforce these areas involve a higher structural complexity of the device, concentrating the stress in isolated areas.
  • the present invention is a structurally simpler solution as it actually involves a single body, eliminating additional attachment elements, and its structural behavior is optimized as stress concentration points in the structure are prevented. Furthermore, its very design causes the platform to work under compression, reducing the framework contained in the reinforced concrete to a minimum.
  • Patent US2019264656A1 relates to a transition part between the reinforced concrete body of a floating platform and the steel tower supporting a wind turbine.
  • the transition part has a hyperboloid shape allowing for a more even distribution of the forces produced in the attachment between said tower and the body of the platform.
  • the present invention consisting of vertical tanks having a quasi-cylindrical shape arranged in a staggered manner, also has an even distribution of the loads from the floating structure to the tower of the wind turbine, but in this case the attachment is achieved from one of the quasi-cylindrical sections of the intermediate body, which will end up supporting the tower. If the quasi-cylinder and the tower of the wind turbine have different diameters, the prolongation of the quasi-cylinder will have a gradual reduction in diameter until being adapted to the base of the tower of the wind turbine.
  • Invention U.S. Pat. No. 3,974,789A relates to a floating structure made of reinforced concrete formed by attaching several bodies having a hexagonal section and arranged in the form of a honeycomb.
  • the inside of the hexagonal bodies is used to store hydrocarbons or ballast water.
  • the difference in pressures existing between the reinforced concrete walls of the hexagonal bodies, due to the difference in fluids and drafts between faces, generates a series of forces on the structure which require a high steel content in order to ensure the structural integrity of the assembly.
  • the present invention consists of vertical tanks having a quasi-cylindrical shape arranged in a staggered manner and, since it has openings in the middle of the structure which are directly connected to the sea, a natural prestressing state causing the concrete to work under compression is achieved, preventing the failure of the structure due to tension and bending.
  • the framework contained in the concrete is thereby reduced, and, therefore, a structurally simpler solution is obtained.
  • compression prevents the occurrence of fractures or cracks in the reinforced concrete, reducing the permeability of the structure.
  • Another problem is the action produced by loads resulting from the wind, waves, and currents on the platform. Said action translates into the presence of accelerations and oscillating movements induced in the platform, causing a drop in the performance of the wind turbine, as well as a deterioration of the equipment and components of the wind turbine, which experience a reduction in their service life cycle.
  • inventions such as the one proposed in patent EP2457818A1, which uses active means such as azimuth thrusters to counteract the effects of dynamic loads acting on the platform and causing a heeling therein.
  • inventions such as the one described in patent CN109941398A, use passive methods for reducing oscillations on the platform.
  • the method consists of providing a crow's foot mooring system in which each mooring line branches off into two lines, one line working as a simple catenary and the other line working with a prestressing applied thereon, with both lines being secured to the platform at points at different heights and reducing oscillations to which the platform is subjected.
  • the drawback in systems of this type is that the level of prestressing to which part of the lines is subjected is magnified under very harsh environmental conditions, where it could cause these lines to break.
  • the platform comprises an inner column and at least four outer columns made of reinforced concrete. Each column comprises a resistant base, a shaft and a section located at a predetermined height and having a greater resistance.
  • the platform also comprises a plurality of beams at said pre-determined height, which connect the outer columns with the inner column and the adjacent outer columns between them, and a plurality of anchor lines anchored to the more resistant section of each outer column.
  • the platform also comprises a lower plate on which the columns are secured and which is reinforced with a plurality of beams that connect the base of each outer column to the base of the inner column and to the base of each adjacent outer column.
  • WO 2019/070140 A1 discloses a floatable offshore wind turbine foundation having a suction anchoring system.
  • the foundation is composed of three main components: the float/anchor unit, the metallic support and a transition piece.
  • Each float/anchor unit is formed from a plurality of buoyant anchoring columns and a plurality of connection beams.
  • the metallic support connects the float/anchor unit to the transition piece and the transition piece connects the metallic support to the wind turbine mast.
  • Document CN 110 453 711 A discloses a foundation of ocean engineering with an elastic transition section structure and a construction method thereof.
  • the elastic transition section multi-cylinder-foundation structure comprises a plurality of steel cylinder foundations with the central point being connected into a circle. Said cylinder foundations are welded together, a steel top plate is connected to the upper parts of the same, a concrete plate is arranged on the steel top plate, beam plate systems are distributed on the concrete plate, a concrete transition section is located on a middle ring beam, a steel tower cylinder is connected to the upper part of the concrete transition section in an embedded mode, and the junction of the upper part and the lower part of the steel tower cylinder is in contact with the concrete transition section and an inner ring beam through elastic buffer devices.
  • Document US 2012/155967 A2 discloses a spar platform that comprises one or more continuous-fiber composite tubes formed in a vertical or horizontal orientation using a modified vacuum-assisted resin transfer molded process. It is fabricated at or near the intended site use of the platform.
  • the spar platform includes in some embodiments a relatively longer central tube and relatively shorter peripheral tubes.
  • the spar platform is a single long tube. In other embodiments the spar platform supports a wind turbine assembly.
  • the present invention consists of a floating platform made of reinforced concrete for the wind industry the technical features of which allow overcoming the problems described above in the state of the art.
  • the geometry of the platform consists of a series of vertical tanks having a quasi-cylindrical shape arranged in a staggered manner, having openings in the middle of the structure which are directly connected to the sea. This allows the reinforced concrete assembly thereof to work under compression against a group of loads to which it is subjected, instead of working under bending, as current concrete structures in this industry normally do.
  • This technical advantage translates into better structural behavior of the platform, higher resistance against the propagation of fractures, a reduction of platform framework contained therein, and greater operating safety of this platform.
  • the platform described in the present invention can operate, as a result of the versatility conferred to it by its very geometry, at different drafts depending on the needs that arise, where there can be achieved floating platform concepts in which the platform is submersed with the exception of the wind turbine and the tower, or towers when there are several towers where one tower supports the wind turbine; and there can also be achieved floating concepts in which the platform is not entirely submersed but rather has a part that is above the water line.
  • This fact not only allows the platform to be designed for either option, but the platform itself is also capable of operating in these two different manners throughout its service life: during transport it has one draft, and it is changed for operation.
  • this technical advantage allows adapting the platform to areas with very different physical characteristics, such as depth of the sea floor, wind conditions, wave conditions, etc.
  • the platform of the present invention solves the problem affecting certain floating platforms in the offshore wind industry such as TLPs and requiring the mounting of the tower, nacelle, and blades at sea, where the platform will operate.
  • the geometry of the platform allows it to be able to float with a low draft, like a barge (i.e., partially submersed) and to maintain good stability while being towed with the wind turbine installed on the platform.
  • This fact allows the mounting operation for mounting the wind turbine on the platform to be done at port, where wave conditions are much gentler than at sea, and being able to use to that end a land-based crane, which is considerably more cost-effective than a crane vessel.
  • the simplicity of the platform furthermore involves a considerable cost reduction due to its constructive ease and less framework used compared to other floating platforms existing in the sector.
  • the platform described in the present invention has a system for anchoring the mooring lines to the platform in the form of a planar latticework based on structural elements made of prestressed concrete arranged in a triangular shape in the high part of the platform and having a dual purpose. On one hand, it receives the loads caused by the mooring lines on the platform, evenly distributing these loads across the entire body made of reinforced concrete of the platform, thereby contributing to the good structural behavior which the platform already has due to its geometry.
  • said latticework solves the problem described in the state of the art in which the attachment between the tower of the wind turbine and the body of the platform produces a high concentration of stresses at the intersection of both areas, which causes this area to be particularly sensitive to the shear forces produced on the wind turbine by the action of the wind and the movements of the platform, with there being a structural problem in this area.
  • the arrangement of the latticework in the high area of the platform achieves there being a larger area for distributing shear forces, such that these forces are more evenly distributed to the body of the platform.
  • the geometry of the platform of the present invention in which the section of the assembly of the platform is significantly larger than the tower supporting the wind turbine, and where the platform completely or partially fills the tanks with water, confers to the platform a large displacement (volume), allowing it to have its own high periods, which are readily distant from the typical periods of the waves. This reduces accelerations of the platform, conferring better operating conditions to the equipment and components of the wind turbine with regard to movements and accelerations they experience, and therefore improving their service life cycle.
  • the action of the wind on the wind turbine in floating platforms is the cause of a heeling moment in the platform which leads it to remain in an inclined position, with oscillation movements around said inclined position occurring as a result of the waves.
  • This causes a considerable reduction in the performance of the wind turbine, given that said wind turbine works around a heeling situation of the platform.
  • the platform of the present invention has a body with a large horizontal section in which ballast tanks are housed in the quasi-cylinders, it is capable of correcting the heeling caused by the action of the wind by means of transferring water between corresponding ballast tanks to counteract the heeling moment, unlike classic SPAR platforms having a single body in which this possibility does not exist.
  • the present invention shows the following innovative features compared to the background described above, applicable to the offshore wind industry, substantially improving the response of offshore floating wind platforms made of reinforced concrete to wind, waves, and current:
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic depiction of the problem caused by the loads produced by wind on the floating platform, in which a high concentration of forces occurs in the area where the tower of the wind turbine intersects the concrete body of the platform, where the area of the horizontal section changes abruptly.
  • FIG. 2 shows an elevational view of one of the possible configurations of the floating platform defined herein, in which the three bodies, that is, lower body ( 1 ), intermediate body ( 2 ), and upper body ( 3 ), made of concrete and forming the platform can be seen.
  • the upper body ( 3 ) is formed by a single tower ( 4 ) and the enclosures ( 5 ) consist of domes.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section view in which there can be seen the quasi-circles ( 6 ), arranged adjacently in a staggered manner with a straight contacting segment between same, the vertical extrusion of which forms the intermediate body ( 2 ) of the platform.
  • This figure shows one of the possible configurations of these quasi-circles ( 6 ), in which the openings ( 7 ) existing between every three quasi-circular sections can be seen.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic depiction of the arrangement of the planar latticework ( 9 ) made of prestressed concrete, in one of the possible configurations that can be obtained from the platform. The manner in which this planar latticework ( 9 ) distributes stresses coming from the mooring lines ( 10 ) over the intermediate concrete body ( 2 ) of the platform is shown.
  • FIG. 5 shows another possible configuration that the platform can adopt by adding more quasi-circles ( 6 ) in the horizontal section forming the intermediate concrete body ( 2 ) of the platform.
  • the manner in which the planar latticework ( 9 ) made of prestressed concrete can be adapted to variations in the geometry of the platform and the manner in which the mooring lines ( 10 ) can be arranged such that loads are transmitted to the planar latticework ( 9 ) in any variation in the geometry of the platform are also shown.
  • FIG. 6 shows a profile view of one of the possible configurations, in this case a semi-submersible type of configuration, of the floating platform defined in this patent.
  • the figure shows how various towers ( 4 ), including the one supporting the tower of the wind turbine, are located above the surface of the water ( 11 ), thereby providing to the platform the inertia needed to be stable during the installation and operating phases.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a solution for a floating wind platform made of reinforced concrete for mass production and characterized by a geometric design providing a hydrostatic natural prestressing to the concrete, causing it to operate in its most effective mode, i.e., under compression, improving the structural response of the platform and preventing the occurrence of fractures or cracks in the concrete, which reduces permeability and allows for reducing the framework to be contained in the structure, also increasing operational safety.
  • the present invention has a system for anchoring the mooring lines to the structure in the form of a latticework made of reinforced concrete which evenly distributes mooring stresses, minimizing prestressing in the high area of the platform, and increasing the area for distributing shear forces due to the change in section between the platform and the tower of the wind turbine.
  • the geometric design furthermore confers the versatility of being able to adopt low draft SPAR, semi-submersible, barge, or buoy solutions, with the wind turbine being installed such that it is centered or off-center on the structure, thereby being adapted to different draft requirements or environmental and logistics conditions.
  • the present invention consists of a floating platform made of reinforced concrete applicable to the offshore wind industry for supporting a wind turbine in which three parts are distinguished ( FIG. 2 ): a lower body ( 1 ), an intermediate body ( 2 ), and an upper body ( 3 ) on which a single offshore wind turbine is arranged.
  • the platform has a spread moored type mooring system ( FIG. 4 ) made up of at least three lines ( 10 ), arranged spaced apart as equally as possible.
  • the lower body ( 1 ) of the floating platform made of reinforced concrete applicable to the offshore wind industry for supporting a wind turbine ( FIG. 2 ) consists of a planar concrete base the objective of which is to provide structural support to the rest of the platform which is supported on said body, and also to contribute low weight to the platform, thereby improving stability thereof.
  • the intermediate body ( 2 ) of the floating platform made of reinforced concrete applicable to the offshore wind industry for supporting a wind turbine consists of a single concrete body formed as a vertical extrusion with a horizontal section ( FIG. 3 ) consisting of a staggered arrangement of at least five adjacent quasi-circles ( 6 ) with a straight contacting segment between same.
  • the inner space ( 8 ) of each quasi-circle is a leak-tight space capable of housing a combination of solid and liquid ballast.
  • the upper body ( 3 ) of the floating platform made of reinforced concrete applicable to the offshore wind industry for supporting a wind turbine ( FIG. 2 ) of the present invention is arranged on the intermediate body ( 2 ) described above and consists of a series of enclosures such that each enclosure is arranged on each quasi-circle ( 6 ) forming the horizontal section of the intermediate body ( 2 ) in the highest section of said body ( 2 ), with the exception of at least one of said sections ( 6 ), on which a prolongation of said section is arranged to form a tower ( 4 ) that is raised above the rest of the platform, and on which the support for the wind turbine of the platform will be arranged.
  • the geometry of the enclosures ( 5 ) existing on the intermediate body ( 2 ) ( FIG. 2 ) is different depending on the platform concept provided in relation to the degree of submersion thereof, as discussed above.
  • the floating platform made of reinforced concrete applicable to the offshore wind industry for supporting a wind turbine is capable of operating when submersed, with only part of the towers ( 4 ), where one supports the wind turbine if there is more than one tower ( 4 ), and the wind turbine itself being located above the surface of the sea ( 11 ) ( FIG. 6 ).
  • the stability of the platform is largely obtained as a result of the concrete base forming the lower body ( 1 ) of the platform, which keeps the center of gravity of the rig as low as possible.
  • the enclosures ( 5 ) of the intermediate concrete body ( 2 ) consist of a series of domes arranged on each quasi-circle forming the section of the intermediate body ( 2 ) of the platform, with the exception of those quasi-circles ( 6 ) on which the towers ( 4 ) are arranged ( FIG. 6 ).
  • the purpose of these domes is to receive the hydrostatic pressure to which they are subjected when the platform is submersed and to transmit the loads produced by said pressures to the intermediate body ( 2 ) such that said body works under compression against these loads.
  • the floating platform made of concrete applicable to the offshore wind industry for supporting a wind turbine is capable of operating such that not the entire intermediate body ( 2 ) is submersed, but rather part of same is located above the surface of the sea.
  • the enclosures ( 5 ) that are arranged on the intermediate body ( FIG. 2 ) simply consist of reinforced slabs or plates, since construction-wise, it is the simplest solution, and these elements are reasonable as they are not exposed to hydrostatic pressure as they are above the water line.
  • These enclosures ( 5 ) are arranged on each quasi-circle forming the section of the intermediate body of the platform, with the exception of the towers ( FIG. 6 ).
  • the actual geometry of the intermediate concrete body ( 2 ) ( FIG. 2 ) of the floating platform made of reinforced concrete applicable to the offshore wind industry for supporting a wind turbine allows a number of different platform concepts to be configured according to whether more or fewer quasi-circles ( 6 ) are arranged in the horizontal section ( FIG. 3 ) forming the intermediate body ( 2 ), keeping the minimum number of these quasi-circles ( 6 ) at five, as described above.
  • platforms with a single tower in which the water-plane area is relatively small and scarcely contributes to the stability of the rig since said stability is achieved by keeping the center of gravity very low
  • the floating platform made of reinforced concrete applicable to the offshore wind industry for supporting a wind turbine of the present invention further consists ( FIG. 4 ) of a planar latticework ( 9 ) made of prestressed concrete which is arranged between the intermediate body ( 2 ) and the upper body ( 3 ) of the platform ( FIG. 2 ).
  • Said planar latticework ( 9 ) consists of at least three longitudinal elements made of prestressed concrete arranged in a triangular shape and located such that the vertexes of the triangular geometry are located in areas with straight contacting segments between the quasi-circular sections ( 6 ) forming the intermediate body ( 2 ) of the platform ( FIG. 3 ).
  • the mooring lines ( 10 ) of the floating platform made of reinforced concrete applicable to the offshore wind industry for supporting a wind turbine ( FIG. 4 ) are secured on the straight contacting segments between quasi-circles ( 6 ) forming the section of the intermediate body ( 2 ) of the platform in the highest area thereof, such that there is structural continuity between mooring lines ( 10 ) and the vertexes of the planar latticework ( 9 ) made of prestressed concrete.
  • planar latticework ( 9 ) made of prestressed concrete allows being adaptable to the geometry of the floating platform made of reinforced concrete applicable to the offshore wind industry for supporting a wind turbine depending on the number of quasi-circles ( 6 ) existing in the section of the intermediate concrete body ( 2 ) ( FIG. 5 ), such that by adding longitudinal elements made of prestressed concrete, a latticework ( 9 ) can be formed from several of these longitudinal elements arranged in a triangular shape.
  • This feature confers certain versatility to the mentioned latticework ( 9 ) that renders it suitable for any of the possible configurations that the floating platform made of reinforced concrete applicable to the offshore wind industry for supporting a wind turbine of the present invention can adopt.

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US17/998,160 2020-05-08 2021-04-30 Floating reinforced concrete platform applicable to the marine wind power sector industry Pending US20230392582A2 (en)

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ESP202030418 2020-05-08
ES202030418A ES2876053B2 (es) 2020-05-08 2020-05-08 Plataforma flotante de hormigon armado de aplicacion a la industria del sector de la eolica marina
PCT/ES2021/070300 WO2021224525A1 (fr) 2020-05-08 2021-04-30 Plateforme flottante en béton armé applicable à l'industrie du secteur de l'éolien marin

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US3974789A (en) 1974-08-05 1976-08-17 Groot Sebastian J De Floating structures including honeycomb cores formed of elongate hexagonal cells
EP2457818B1 (fr) 2010-11-25 2013-09-04 Alstom Wind, S.L.U. Procédé de fonctionnement d'une éolienne offshore et éolienne offshore
US9457873B2 (en) * 2010-12-21 2016-10-04 Lockheed Martin Corporation On-site fabricated fiber-composite floating platforms for offshore applications
GB2493023B (en) * 2011-07-22 2014-01-29 Sway Turbine As Wind turbines and floating foundations
CN102358402A (zh) 2011-08-31 2012-02-22 中国海洋石油总公司 具有蜂窝型舱室的浮式生产储存外输油轮
ES2728170T3 (es) 2012-04-13 2019-10-22 Univ Maine System Plataforma de turbina eólica flotante y método de montaje
ES2387232B2 (es) * 2012-07-18 2014-02-10 Universidad De Cantabria Plataforma semisumergible para aplicaciones en mar abierto
JP2014184863A (ja) 2013-03-25 2014-10-02 Fuji Ps Corp プレキャストｐｃ円筒浮体構造
US10900467B2 (en) 2014-11-27 2021-01-26 Universitat Politecnica De Catalunya Floating structure for supporting a marine wind turbine
CN106638662B (zh) * 2016-11-15 2019-04-23 天津大学 一种混凝土支撑结构的三个筒型基础组合式基础结构体系
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PT110322A (pt) * 2017-10-03 2019-04-02 Inst Superior Tecnico Fundação para turbina eólica offshore de capacidade flutuante e com sistema de fixação por âncoras de sucção
CN109941398A (zh) 2019-03-26 2019-06-28 华中科技大学 适用于海上浮式风机的多点系泊结构及海上风力发电机
CN110453711B (zh) * 2019-06-28 2021-06-04 天津大学 一种弹性过渡段多筒基础结构及其施工方法
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ES2876053B2 (es) 2022-03-22
EP4148185A1 (fr) 2023-03-15
ES2876053A1 (es) 2021-11-11
KR20230006911A (ko) 2023-01-11
CA3178105A1 (fr) 2021-11-11
JP2023529023A (ja) 2023-07-06
WO2021224525A1 (fr) 2021-11-11
CN115735060A (zh) 2023-03-03
US20230228247A1 (en) 2023-07-20

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