Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/42—Amino alcohols or amino ethers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
  • A01N57/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
  • A01N57/20—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
  • A01P17/00—Pest repellants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N2300/00—Combinations or mixtures of active ingredients covered by classes A01N27/00 - A01N65/48 with other active or formulation relevant ingredients, e.g. specific carrier materials or surfactants, covered by classes A01N25/00 - A01N65/48

Definitions

• the present disclosure generally relates to alkyl polyamine polyglycerol surfactants. More specifically, this disclosure relates to surfactants that are particular alkyl polyamine polyglycerols, their oxides, and quaternary ammonium compounds.
• Adjuvants can be used, for example, as a potentiator which is able to enhance the bioefficacy of the pesticides, a wetting agent, an emulsifier, a spreading agent, a deposition aid, a drift control agent, a water conditioner, a crystal inhibitor, a suspension aid, a thickener, or a dispersant.
• the bioefficacy of pesticides can be enhanced by the addition of appropriate surfactant adjuvants.
• surfactants such as alkyl amine alkoxylate surfactants.
• Examples of nitrogen including surfactants as potentiator adjuvants for herbicides can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,528,023 and 5,226,943.
• U.S. Pat. No. 5,226,943 also discloses that the activity of fungicide compositions can be improved by incorporating certain nitrogen including surfactants.
• Examples of nitrogen including surfactants as potentiator adjuvants for insecticides can be found in WO 201280099.
• Examples of nitrogen including surfactants as emulsifiers in pesticide emulsions can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,565,409 and 8,097,563.
• Examples of nitrogen including surfactants as thickeners in glyphosate compositions can be found in WO201020599.
• Examples of nitrogen including surfactants as drift control agents in pesticide emulsions can be found in WO2013098220.
• alkylamine ethoxylates including alkyl polyamine ethoxylates
• Alkylamine ethoxylates are made by reacting ethylene oxide and alkylamines
• Ethylene oxide (EO) is a hazardous gaseous chemical (boiling point 10.7° C.).
• EO Ethylene oxide
• ethylene oxide is a flammable, irritating, and anesthetic gas.
• ethylene oxide is commonly handled and shipped as a refrigerated liquid to reduce the risk of fire or explosions. This increases transportation and storage costs.
• the production of alkylamine ethoxylates requires special design of the reactor requiring a pressured reactor with a gas feeding pipe.
• alkylamine ethoxylates are difficult to manufacture, they are one of the most used adjuvants in pesticide compositions.
• An alkylamine ethoxylate molecule contains a hydrophilic portion (a tertiary nitrogen with various ethylene oxide units) and a hydrophobic portion (hydrocarbon group) as shown for example in the following general structure:
• R is a hydrocarbon group (i.e., the hydrophobic portion) of various chain lengths and x and y can be various values. It is this molecular structure that creates usefulness as adjuvants in agricultural applications.
• This disclosure provides a surfactant having the structure:
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H, so long as at least one Z is (glycerol) a ; and wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30, so long as each a is not 1 when Z is glycerol only; or
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H; and wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; or
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H; wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; and wherein each O is independently optionally present so long as at least one O is present; or
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H; and wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; wherein each O is independently optionally present so long as at least one O is present;
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glyceryl) a or H; wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; wherein each B ⁇ is independently optionally present and when present is R 1 X ⁇ , so long as at least one B ⁇ is present;
• each R 1 is independently optionally present and when present is a methyl or ethyl group
• each X ⁇ is independently Cl ⁇ , Br, CH 3 OSO 3 ⁇ , CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ⁇ , or is not present if R 1 is not present; and/or
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glyceryl) a or H; wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; wherein each B ⁇ is independently optionally present and when present is R 1 X ⁇ , so long as at least one B ⁇ is present; wherein each R 1 is independently optionally present and when present is a methyl or ethyl group; wherein each X ⁇ is independently Cl ⁇ , Br ⁇ , CH 3 OSO 3 ⁇ , CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ⁇ , or is not present if R 1 is not present.
• alkyl polyamine polyglycerol surfactants For example, the disclosure provides a surfactant having the structure:
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H, so long as at least one Z is (glycerol) a ; and wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30, so long as each a is not 1 when Z is glycerol only;
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H; and wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30;
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H; and wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; wherein each O is independently optionally present so long as at least one O is present;
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H; and wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; wherein each O is independently optionally present so long as at least one O is present;
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glyceryl) a or H; wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; wherein each B ⁇ is independently optionally present and when present is R 1 X ⁇ , so long as at least one B ⁇ is present; wherein each R 1 is independently optionally present and when present is a methyl or ethyl group; wherein each X ⁇ is independently Cl ⁇ , Br, CH 3 OSO 3 ⁇ , CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ⁇ , or is not present if R 1 is not present; or
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glyceryl) a or H; wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; wherein each B ⁇ is independently optionally present and when present is R 1 X ⁇ , so long as at least one B ⁇ is present; wherein each R 1 is independently optionally present and when present is a methyl or ethyl group; wherein each X ⁇ is independently Cl ⁇ , Br, CH 3 OSO 3 ⁇ , CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ⁇ , or is not present if R 1 is not present.
• the surfactant has the structure (I) below:
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H, so long as at least one Z is (glycerol) a ; and wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30, so long as each a is not 1 when Z is glycerol only.
• the surfactant has the structure (II):
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H; and wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30.
• the surfactant has the structure (III):
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H; and wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30. wherein each O is independently optionally present so long as at least one O is present.
• the “arrow” present in the structure between N and O is as is understood by those in the chemical arts to represent electron donation to O from the N, if/when the O is present.
• the surfactant has the structure (IV):
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glycerol) a or H; and wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; wherein each O is independently optionally present so long as at least one O is present.
• the “arrow” present in the structure between N and O is as is understood by those in the chemical arts to represent electron donation to O from the N, if/when the O is present.
• the surfactant has the structure (V):
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glyceryl) a or H; wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; wherein each B ⁇ is independently optionally present and when present is R 1 X ⁇ , so long as at least one B ⁇ is present; wherein each R 1 is independently optionally present and when present is a methyl or ethyl group; wherein each X ⁇ is independently Cl ⁇ , Br ⁇ , CH 3 OSO 3 ⁇ , CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ⁇ , or is not present if R 1 is not present. In other words, R 1 can be nothing and, if so, then X ⁇ is nothing.
• the surfactant has the structure (VI):
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4; wherein each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glyceryl) a or H; wherein each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30; wherein each B ⁇ is independently optionally present and when present is R 1 X ⁇ , so long as at least one B ⁇ is present; wherein each R 1 is independently optionally present and when present is a methyl or ethyl group; wherein each X ⁇ is independently Cl ⁇ , Br ⁇ , CH 3 OSO 3 ⁇ , CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ⁇ , or is not present if R 1 is not present. In other words, R 1 can be nothing and, if so, then X ⁇ is nothing.
• any one of the surfactants (I)-(VI) above may be combined with any one or more surfactants (I)-(VI) above. Therefore, combinations of two or three or more surfactants (I)-(VI) above are hereby contemplated. Furthermore, each one of the surfactants (I)-(VI) above may be utilized as a single surfactant or as a combination of two or more surfactants of each of the types (I)-(VI) above.
• any compositions or formulations can be free of any of one or more of the other of the surfactants (I)-(VI) above, or variants thereof, or can include one or more variants of one or more of the other of the surfactants (I)-(VI) above.
• a surfactant component may be utilized herein, e.g. in a formulation or agrochemical composition, wherein the surfactant component includes one or more of the surfactants (I)-(VI) above.
• the surfactant component may include, be, consist essentially of, or consist of, one or more of the surfactants (I)-(VI) above.
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group.
• each R may have about 6 to about 22, about 7 to about 21, about 8 to about 20, about 9 to about 19, about 10 to about 18, about 11 to about 17, about 12 to about 16, about 13 to about 15, about 14 to about 15, or about 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, or 22, carbon atoms.
• all values, both whole and fractional, and ranges of values, including and between those set forth above, are hereby expressly contemplated for use herein.
• one or more R groups is a linear hydrocarbon group
• one or more R groups is a branched hydrocarbon group
• one or more R groups is a saturated hydrocarbon group
• one or more R groups is an unsaturated hydrocarbon group
• each R is independently a C 8 -C 18 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 8 -C 16 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 5 -C 14 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 5 -C 12 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 5 -C 10 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 10 -C 18 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 10 -C 16 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 10 -C 14 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 10 -C 12 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 12 -C 18 group.
• each R is independently a C 12 -C 16 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 12 -C 14 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 14 -C 18 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 14 -C 16 group. In another embodiment, each R is independently a C 16 -C 18 group.
• each R is independently a hydrocarbon group derived from an animal source, a vegetable source, a microbial/algae source, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, each R is independently a hydrocarbon group derived from a vegetable source. In one embodiment, each R is independently a hydrocarbon group derived from an animal source. In one embodiment, each R is independently a hydrocarbon group derived from a microbial/algae source.
• each n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.
• all values, both whole and fractional, and ranges of values, including and between those set forth above, are hereby expressly contemplated for use herein.
• each Z is independently a glyceryl residue (glyceryl) a or H. In various embodiments, at least one Z must be (glyceryl) a . In various embodiments, each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30 so long as each a is not 1. In other embodiments, each a is independently of from about 1 to about 30 without the aforementioned proviso. For example, in various embodiments, each a is independently from about 2 to about 29, about 3 to about 28, about 4 to about 27, about 5 to about 26, about 6 to about 27, about 7 to about 26, about 8 to about 25, about 9 to about 24, about 10 to about 23, about 11 to about 22, about 12 to about 21, about 13 to about 20, about 14 to about 19, about 15 to about 18, or about 16 to about 17.
• each a is independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, or 30.
• all values, both whole and fractional, and ranges of values, including and between those set forth above, are hereby expressly contemplated for use herein.
• each glyceryl residue independently comprises a linear portion, a branched portion, and a cyclic portion. In another embodiment, each glyceryl residue independently comprises a linear portion. In another embodiment, each glyceryl residue independently comprises a branched portion. In another embodiment, each glyceryl residue independently comprises a cyclic portion.
• a polyglyceryl moiety can be linear or branched or cyclic.
• a linear polyglyceryl moiety can have the following formula:
• a branched polyglyceryl moiety can have the following formula:
• Propagation of the polyglyceryl moiety can be from the terminal primary hydroxyl of a glyceryl residue (resulting in a linear segment), or from the non-terminal secondary hydroxyl of the glyceryl residue (resulting in a branched segment).
• each O is independently optionally present so long as at least one O is present.
• each B ⁇ is independently optionally present and when present is R 1 X ⁇ , so long as at least one B ⁇ is present. Therefore, each R 1 is independently nothing, e.g. optionally present, and, if present, is a methyl or ethyl group. In one embodiment, one or more R 1 groups is a methyl group. In another embodiment, one or more R 1 groups is an ethyl group. In a further embodiments, one or more R 1 groups is a methyl group and one or more R 1 groups is an ethyl group.
• each R 1 is independently optionally present and when present is a methyl or ethyl group.
• each X ⁇ is independently Cl ⁇ , Br ⁇ , CH 3 OSO 3 ⁇ , or CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ⁇ , or is not present if R 1 is not present, so long as at least one R 1 X ⁇ is present as B ⁇ .
• each X ⁇ is independently Cl ⁇ , Br, CH 3 OSO 3 ⁇ , CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ⁇ .
• each X ⁇ is independently Cl ⁇ .
• each X ⁇ is independently Br ⁇ .
• each X ⁇ is independently CH 3 OSO 3 ⁇ .
• each X ⁇ is independently CH 3 CH 2 OSO 3 ⁇ .
• one or more X ⁇ can be nothing so long as at least one R 1 X ⁇ is present.
• the surfactant may be further defined as alkyl amine polyglycerol or alkyl polyamine polyglycerol, or alkyl polyglyceryl polyamine as described above.
• the surfactant may be further defined as an amine oxide, as also described above.
• the surfactant may be further defined as a quat or quaternary ammonium compound.
• each a is independently from about 1 to about 20.
• each a is independently from about 1 to about 10 or about 1 to about 4.
• each glyceryl residue independently comprises a linear portion, a branched portion, and a cyclic portion.
• each R is independently a C 8 -C 18 group.
• each R is independently a C 10 -C 18 group.
• each R is independently a hydrocarbon group derived from an animal source, a vegetable source, a microbial/algae source, and combinations thereof.
• m is 1, Z is (glycerol) a , and wherein each a is from 1 to 7.
• R 1 is CH 3 and X ⁇ is Cl ⁇ .
• the surfactant is the derivative of the reaction product or reaction product of glycidol and at least one amine having the following structures:
• each R is independently a C 6 to C 22 linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group; and wherein each m is independently of from about 1 to about 4.
• subscripts are typically not whole numbers and may be fractional values, e.g. because they are average values. Accordingly, it is expressly contemplated that all subscripts values herein may be average values or may be fractional values including and between all values and ranges of values described herein, in various non-limiting embodiments. Alternatively one or more subscripts may be whole numerical values and may also still be average values.
• the condition for the reaction with glycidol to obtain alkyl amine polyglycerols is similar to the reaction condition of alkylamines with glycidol known in the art.
• the reaction proceeds at a temperature of from about 65° C. to about 165° C. with or without nitrogen atmosphere.
• Reaction can proceed without a catalyst or with a base catalyst such as for example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide etc.
• the reaction conditions for the oxide reaction of alkyl polyamine polyglycerols is similar to the well-known oxidation reaction conditions of alkyl amine alkoxylates.
• the oxidation reaction of alkyl polyamine polyglycerols with hydrogen peroxide can proceed at a temperature preferably below 70° C.
• a solvent such as water, a glycol or alcohol is typically used to reduce the viscosity of the product. The reaction can proceed without any catalysts.
• the condition for the quaternization of alkyl 1 polyamine polyglycerols is similar to the well-known quaternization condition of alkyl amine alkoxylates.
• the quaternization of alkyl polyamine polyglycerols with methyl chloride can proceed at a temperature below 110° C. in a sealed reactor. Reaction can proceed without a catalyst.
• a solvent such as water, a glycol or alcohol can be used to reduce the viscosity of the product.
• the surfactant of the instant present disclosure is not limited to any one particular method of forming and may involve any known suitable reactants and reaction conditions, as would be appreciated by one of skill in the art.
• suitable reactants and reaction conditions as would be appreciated by one of skill in the art.
• other reactions to form oxides, and quaternary ammonium compounds may be utilized.
• these reactions may proceed as described above or by any mechanism as would be appreciated by one of skill in the art.
• the surfactant is obtainable by reacting an alkyl polyamine with glycidol which is an improvement over alkyl amine ethoxylates.
• Glycidol is a liquid and is less hazardous than ethylene oxide based upon its classifications by various government bodies. Therefore, the handling of glycidol and the manufacturing of the surfactants of this disclosure are easier compared to the handling of ethylene oxide and the manufacture of alkyl amine ethoxylates. It is desirable to have alkyl polyamine polyglycerol derivatives that behave similarly to alkyl amine ethoxylates in various applications but that also: (1) are less hazardous while handling the components; and (2) allow easier manufacturing conditions.
• This disclosure also provides an agrochemical composition that include one or more of the aforementioned surfactants and an agrochemical.
• the agrochemical composition consists essentially of one or more of the aforementioned surfactants and the agrochemical.
• the composition may be free of any surfactants that do not fall within the description of the surfactants herein.
• an agrochemical is a chemical used in agricultural compositions.
• agrochemicals include fertilizers, micronutrients, activator adjuvants or potentiators, drift control agents, emulsifiers, deposition aids, water conditioners, wetting agents, dispersants, compatibility agents, suspension aids, pesticides such as herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides, and growth inhibitors.
• the agrochemical is chosen from herbicides, fungicides, insecticides and combinations thereof.
• the herbicide is chosen from glyphosate, dicamba, glufosinate, 2,4-D, and combinations thereof.
• the agrochemical is glyphosate or glufosinate.
• herbicide composition including one or more of the surfactants of the present disclosure.
• Suitable herbicides include, but are not limited to, acetochlor, acifluorfen, aclonifen, alachlor, ametryn, amidosulfuron, aminopyralid, amitrole, anilofos, asulam, atrazine, azafenidin, azimsulfuron, benazolin, benfluralin, bensulfuron-methyl, bentazone, bifenox, binalafos, bispyribac-sodium, bromacil, bromoxynil, butachlor, butroxidim, cafenstrole, carbetamide, carfentrazone-ethyl, chloridazon, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorobromuron, chlorotoluron, chlorsulfuron, cinidon-ethyl, cinosulfuron, clethodim
• Typical herbicides are acetochlor, atrazine, dicamba, glufosinate, paraquat, glyphosate, 2,4-D and combinations and combinations thereof. More typical herbicides are 2,4-D, atrazine, dicamba, glyphosate, and glufosinate and combinations and combinations thereof. The most typical herbicides are glyphosate and glufosinate.
• the herbicide is an acid, it can be used in the acid form though it is typical that the herbicide be in the salt form chosen from at least one of the group of an amine, lithium, sodium, ammonium or potassium. It shall be pointed out that when a pesticide appears in the text as a general name without specifying the counterions, it means both its acid form and salt form throughout the specification.
• fungicide composition including one or more of the surfactants of the present disclosure.
• suitable fungicides include, but are not limited to, acibenzolar-S-methyl, aldimorph, amisulbrom, anilazine, azaconazole, azoxystrobin, benalaxyl, benodanil, benomyl, benthiavalicarb, binapacryl, biphenyl, bitertanol, blasticidin-S, boscalid, bromuconazole, bupirimate, captafol, captan, carbendazim, carboxin, carpropamid, chloroneb, chlorothalonil, chlozolinate, copper, cyazofamid, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, cyproconazole, cyprodinil, dichlofluanid, diclocymet, diclomezine, dic
• Still another embodiment of the present disclosure is an insecticide composition including the alkyl polyamine polyglycerol surfactants of the present disclosure.
• suitable insecticides include, but are not limited to, kerosene or borax, botanicals or natural organic compounds (such as nicotine, pyrethrin, strychnine and rotenone), chlorinated hydrocarbon (such as DDT, lindane, chlordane), organophosphates (such as malathion and diazinon), carbamates (such as carbaryl and propoxur), fumigants (such as naphthalene) and benzene (such as mothballs), synthetic pyrethroids (such as bifenthrin and permethrin), neonicotinoids (such as imidacloprid, clothianidin, terpenoid (such as methoprene), and mixtures and combinations thereof.
• One embodiment of the present disclosure is a surfactant composition
• a surfactant composition comprising the surfactant and a diluent, wherein the concentration of the surfactant is from about 30 to about 90%, typically from about 40 to about 80%, or more typically from about 50 to about 75%.
• the diluent is chosen from water, glycols, liquid alcohol alkoxylate, and combinations thereof. In various non-limiting embodiments, all values, both whole and fractional, and ranges of values, including and between those set forth above, are hereby expressly contemplated for use herein.
• Yet still another embodiment of the present disclosure is a combination including any herbicide, fungicide, and insecticide chosen from the above groups and further including one or more surfactants of the present disclosure.
• the surfactants of the present disclosure can be used as a tank-mix additive or formulated in an in-can composition. They are suitable in solid pesticide compositions and, particularly, in liquid pesticide compositions.
• compositions of the present disclosure are defoamers, diluents, compatibility agents, biocides, thickeners, drift control agents, dyes, fragrances, and chelating agents.
• a compatibility agent may not be necessary due to the high compatibility of surfactants in high load pesticide compositions.
• the use concentration of the surfactant of the present disclosure in an in-can pesticide composition may be from about 0.005% to about 30%, typically about 0.05% to about 20%, and more typically about 0.5% to about 15% in weight %.
• the pesticide concentration is from about 5% to about 90%, typically from about 10% to about 60%, and more typically from about 30% to about 55%, and still more typically from about 40% to about 55%, based on weight % agrochemical.
• all values, both whole and fractional, and ranges of values, including and between those set forth above, are hereby expressly contemplated for use herein.
• the use concentration of the surfactant of the present disclosure in a tank mix pesticide spray solution may be from about 0.001% to about 5%, typically about 0.01% to about 2%, and more typically about 0.1% to about 1% (in weight % surfactant basis) in the total spray solution.
• all values, both whole and fractional, and ranges of values, including and between those set forth above, are hereby expressly contemplated for use herein.
• the method comprises applying an effective amount of the agricultural composition to plants (particularly crops) to kill or control pests.
• the agricultural composition listed above is contacted with the pest.
• the agricultural composition may be used in the above listed form or diluted with water or an appropriate diluent.
• the surfactants of the disclosure may also be used with other surfactants such as alkylamine alkoxylates and their quaternaries, anionic surfactants such as alkyl or ether sulfate, alkyl or aryl sulfonate, phosphate ester and ethoxylated phosphate ester, nonionic surfactants such as alcohol alkoxylates, alkyl (C6-C18) polyglucoside, amphoteric surfactants, quaternary surfactants, and silicone surfactants.
• anionic surfactants such as alkyl or ether sulfate, alkyl or aryl sulfonate, phosphate ester and ethoxylated phosphate ester
• nonionic surfactants such as alcohol alkoxylates, alkyl (C6-C18) polyglucoside
• amphoteric surfactants quaternary surfactants
• silicone surfactants such as silicone surfactants.
• xG means the alkyl polyamine polyglycerol with x mole of glycerol in the molecule.
• sample #1 Duomeen C-3G
• similar procedures were used to synthesize the additional samples (2-14, with the relevant alkyl polyamine and glycidol molar ratios adjusted appropriately (as discussed below).
• the glycidol purity changed from batch to batch, the actual amount used was adjusted based on the purity of that batch.
• the products thus obtained can optionally be further diluted by adding necessary amount of water or other solvents/diluents. It is to be expected that side products such as polyglycerol can be formed in the final product.
• side products such as polyglycerol
• Sample #1 was repeated using the indicated di- or triamine in the relevant molar ratio with glycidol as shown in Table 1 to prepare samples #2-10.
• sample #2 the process used for sample #1 was repeated using molar ratio of 1:3.5 for Duomeen C and glycidol, sample #3 used a molar ratio of 1:6 for Duomeen C and glycidol, and so forth.
• sample #11 Duomeen C-6G mono N-oxide
• similar procedure was used to synthesize the di N-oxide sample (#12) using additional excess hydrogen peroxide.
• Duomeen C-3.5G (Sample #2 from Table 1) (374 g, 0.75 moles), sodium bicarbonate (25.7 g), and isopropanol (392 g).
• the autoclave was sealed, leak checked, and pressurized/depressurized three times with 50 psig nitrogen.
• the reactor contents were heated to 100° C. and methyl chloride (68 g, 1.36 moles) was added.
• the reaction was monitored periodically by measuring free amine by titration and when the sample showed 50% conversion, 328 g of the reaction mixture was taken out, filtered and stripped off the isopropanol to give the ‘mono’ quat product (sample #14) as a yellow liquid.
• the quaternary site selectivity was not determined and the product was used after diluting in water as required.
• the diquaternary product (Sample #14) was prepared by adding more methyl chloride as needed to the remaining reaction mixture after periodic monitoring of withdrawn samples and monitoring the pH until it turned acidic. The total amount of methyl chloride added was 106 g (2.12 moles). The reaction was then stopped and worked-up as mentioned for sample #13 to give the diquat product (sample #14) as a viscous yellow liquid which was used after dilution with water as required.

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