US2021029A - Loom attachment - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 12, 1935. 1 L, STURM LOOM ATTACHMENT Filed O'ct. 19, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet l Nov. 12, 1935. V STURM I LOOM ATTACHMENT Filed Oct 19, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 E g 92%;? I

Patented Nov. 12, 1935 UtiilED sTArss LOOM ATTACHMENT Linus Sturm, Freehold, N. J., assignor to A. & M.

Karagheusian, Inc, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application October 19, 1934, Serial No. 749,114

27 Claims. (Cl. 139-21) This invention relates to up-side-down weaving of pile fabrics according to the principles disclosed in the applicants copending application, Serial No. 698,884, which became U. S. Patent No. 2,013,588.

The present invention relates to improvements in the mechanism for holding the severed ends of the pile warps during the intervals in which such pile warps are not being selected and woven into the fabric.

The objects of the present invention are to simplify the construction of the pile-warp holding means, and to provide simple and efiicient means for facilitating the cutting of the pile loops.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of sufficient of a loom to illustrate the present invention as applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional elevation illustrating the manner in which the pile warp ends are held and the pile loops are cut by the mechanism of the present invention; and

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective View illustrating the holding mechanism.

In the accompanying drawings, the breastbeam of the loom is illustrated at I. On the upper surface of the breast beam l is the breast plate 2. The loom employed is preferably of the Wilton type and under normal weaving conditions the underside of the fabric would bear on the upper surface of the breast plate and would pass over the front edge of the breast beam and around the usual spiked take-up roll which is intermittently rotated and maintains the fabric, from the fell to the spike roll, under rather heavy uniform tension, whereby the unwoven warp threads, from the fell of the fabric to the whip rolls or other feeding means at the rear of the loom, are likewise maintained under rather heavy tension.

In the present case; as in the applicants earlier application above noted, the fabric is reversed, that is, the groundwork of the fabric is uppermost and the pile face of the fabric lies underneath and is hidden from View. In the present case, as in the applicants earlier application, the binder warps and stuffer warps, are the only ones which at all times are connected to the woven fabric, the pile warps being connected to the fabric only at such times and places as when and where the individual pile warps are called by the pattern mechanism of the loom to form a part or parts of the design being depicted on the pile face of the fabric. The pile warps when called to produce a certain part of a design are 'pile warps are severed from the fabric.

passed around the usual form of pile wire and bound into the groundwork or base of the fabric by being passed. around and between the Weft threads of the fabric base and as the fabric is drawn forwardly by the spike roll the pile warps 5 are similarly drawn forward by reason of there being connected to the fabric as a result of having been selected to form a portion of the design. The pile warps are severed from the fabric adjacent the last'pile tufts formed by the respective pile warps and the ends of the pile warps which had been previously severed from the fabric are cut off close to the sole or first pile loop of a series formed by the pile warp as the pile wires are successively withdrawn from the fabric.

In the present instance, the rear edge of the breast plate 2 is provided with an upwardly extending flange 3, said flange being beveled and inclined forwardly, as indicated at 4, and reversely beveled and inclined rearwardly, as indicated at 5, which provides a more or less sharp upper edge 6 on'the flange 3.

As the fabric is moved forwardly in the manner above described, the pile warps m m x x etc. are drawn over the beveled edge 6 of the flange 3 between said edge and those portions :1: of the pile loops X which lie around and under the pile wires 1, the tension on the fabric and the binder warps y, y and stuffer warps z effecting a gripping of the pile threads m etc. between the holding edge 6 and the underside .r of the pile tufts X.

Gripping of the pile warps solelyby the edge of the flange and the bottoms of the pile loops is not sufiicient to hold the pile warps x etc. in place against the back tension thereon when the In order to hold the severed pile warps against the above noted back tension, in a position to be worked into the fabric and around the pile wires 1 when selected by the pattern mechanism of the loom, auxiliary holding means I0 is provided. In the present case, this means comprises a plurality of L-shaped elements I! each having a long leg l2 normally resting against the front surface 13 of the breast plate flange 3, the upper edge of each of said legs being beveled and inclined forwardly, as indicated at M, providing a relatively sharp thread-gripping edge 15 at the upper end of the L-shaped element I Extending at right angles to the leg I2 is the second leg I5 of each L-shaped element H.

Secured to and projecting below the underside of the substantially horizontal leg it of each of the elements II is a short stud ll which is substantially axially aligned with a corresponding short stud. l8 which is rigidly mounted in the breast plate 2 and extends substantially vertically from and above the upper surface H! of said breast plate, each aligned pair of studs H and I8 being encircled by a coil spring 20 individual to the short holding elements I II respectively.

The springs 26 exert a constant upward pressure on the elements forcing the sharp upper edges l thereof into firm holding contact with the pile warps, which, after passing over the upper edge 6 of the flange 3, pass over the sharp edges l5 of said elements H.

As shown in Fig. 3, the holding elements I are relatively narrow and are disposed one alongside the other transversely of the loom, from one side of the breast plate 2 to the opposite side thereof, and these elements I by reason of their individuality and each having a spring 20, are relatively movable and for this reason may adapt themselves to any variation occurring among the pile warp threads at points intermediate the sides of the fabric being woven.

Paralleling the flange 3 and disposed at :an angle to the plane of the breast plate 2 is a second plate 2| which is provided with a rear edge 23. This rear edge of the plate 2| converges slightly toward the rear face l3 of the flange 3, providing an operating slot 24 for the vertical legs|2 of the warp-holding elements whereby forward movement of the elements II is limited by the wall 23 of the slot 24 and rearward movement of said elements is limited by the front face I3 of the flange 3 forming the second wall of the slot 24, vertical movement of said elements, however, under the influence of the springs 20, being restricted only by the fabric and warp ends passing over the upper edges l5 of the elements I Mounted on the upper surface of the supplementary plate 2| is an anvil block 25, the rear edge 26 of which is inclined forwardly to be engaged by the forward legs 96 of the pile loops X as the pile wires 1 with the respective courses of pile loop X thereon are successively moved forwardly by the corresponding movement of the fabric as a whole, prior to the foremost course of pile loops, i. e. the course passing around the foremost pile wire 7a., being cut as the pile wire 1a is withdrawn from the fabric.

Formed in the upper surface 21 of the plate 2| is a groove 23, the rear wall 29 of which is disposed in an inclined plane coincident with that of the rear edge 26 of the anvil 25. The groove 28 provides a passageway for the edge of the cutting blade lb on the one end of each pile wire which, as the pile wire is withdrawn from the fabric in a direction transversely thereof, cuts the wire crossing ends a: of the loops X and any and all warp ends lying in the path of the blade across the groove 28, the complementary faces 26 and 29 firmly supporting the pile loops as the said loops are cut by the blade lb during the withdrawal of the pile wire la from the fabric.

The plate 2| may be supported in any suitable manner and in the present instance is supported on the upper surface IQ of the breast plate by a strip, bar, or a series of blocks 30 which are rigidly secured to the breast plate 2 andto the supplementary plate 2| in any suitable manner, as by screws or bolts.

As the fabric is moved forwardly, by the beat up of the lay L and the take-up spiked roll above mentioned, the elements H will rock in the slot 24 from the wall S3 of the slot to the wall 23 of the slot by reason of the contact of the edge |5 of each element with the pile Warp threads.

Those of the pile warp threads which are still connected to the fabric will be pulled over the edges I5 of the elements carrying with them any loosesmall pieces of yarn which have been severed from the fabric. On the back movement of the lay L the elements II will be moved back into contact with the wall l3, due to the back tension on the Warp threads, thus the edges l5 of the elements act as ratchets to permit the warps which are still secured to the fabric and the pieces of yarn which are not subjected to back tension to advance and at the same time keeping the pile warps which are subjected to the back tension from being pulled loose from the holding means and fall behind the flange 3 of the breast plate 2.

The small pieces of yarn' are carried along the plate 2|, and drop over the front edge thereof, by the advancing movement of the fabric and any small pieces of yarn which may fall into the groove 28 act as a pad for the blade lb and prevent its scraping along the metal walls 26-29.

The movement of the blades lb always in the one direction through the groove 28 tends'to keep the slot from becoming solidly packed with thelsmall pieces of yarn which are cut into relatively fine waste by the blades and dragged by the blades out 7 0f the one end of the groove.

I claim:

1. In a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined positionrelative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, stationary means engaged by the fabric withpredetermined warps of said series positioned therebetween, and relatively movable means operable perpendicular to said fabric and holding said, threads in firm gripping contact with said fabric.

2. In a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, stationary means engaged by the fabricwith predetermined warps of said series positioned therebetween, and relatively movable means operable perpendicular to said fabric and holding said threads in firm gripping contact with said fabric, and meansyieldingly pressing said holding means into said gripping contact with said threads.

3. In a loom employing a series of Warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, means operable both perpendicular to said fabric and with said fabric warpwise thereof and holding said threads in firm gripping contact with said fabric, means yieldingly pressing said holding means into said gripping contact with said threads, and means limiting the movement of said holding means warpwise of the fabric.

4. In a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from,

and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, means operable both perpendicular to said fabric and with said fabric warpwise thereof and holding said threads in firm gripping contact with said fabric, means yieldinglypressing said holding means into said gripping cont ct with said threads, means limiting the movement of said holding means warpwise of the fabric, and primary holding means pressing said threads into gripping contact with said fabric adjacent and parallel to'said perpendicularly operable holding means.

5. In a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, means operable both perpendicular to said fabric and with said fabric warpwise thereof and holding said threads in firm gripping contact with said fabric, means yieldingly pressing said holding means into said gripping contact with said 'threads, means limiting the movement of said fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, means operable both perpendicular to said fabric and with said fabric warpwise thereof and holding said threads in firm gripping contact with said fabric, means yieldingly pressing said holding means into said gripping contact with said threads, means limiting the movement of said holding means warpwise of the fabric, primary holding means pressing said threads into gripping contact with said fabric at one side of and adjacent and parallel to said perpendicularly operable holding means, means at the opposite side of and adjacent and parallel to said perpendicularly operable holding means supporting said threads in position to be severed from said fabric, and means operable in a plane parallel to said supporting means and effecting said severing.

7. In a 100m employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, means operable perpendicular to said fabric and comprising an element having a relatively sharp edge engaging and holding said threads in firm gripping contact with said fabric.

8. In a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, means operable perpendicular to said fabric and comprising a series of relatively movable elements respectively provided with relatively sharp edges aligned transversely of the fabric and holding said threads in firm gripping contact with said fabric.

9. In a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, means operable perpendicular to said fabric and comprising a series of relatively movable elements respectively provided with relatively sharp edges aligned transversely of the fabric and holding said threads in firm gripping contact with said fabric, and means yieldingly pressing said holding edges independently into said gripping contact with said threads.

10. In a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed,

from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, means operable perpendicular to said fabric and comprising a series of relatively movable elements respectively provided with relatively sharp edges aligned transversely yieldingly pressing said holding edges independently into said gripping contact with said threads,

said elements being operable in a slot having a width greater than the thickness of said ele- 10 ments and affordingpredetermined movement of said elements with said fabric in a direction warpwise of said fabric.

11. In a loom employing a series of Warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed.- 15 from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, means operable perpendicular to said fabric and comprising a series of relatively movable elements respectively provided 20 with relatively sharp edges aligned transversely of the fabric and holding said threads in firm gripping contact with said fabric, means yieldinglypressing said holding edges independently into said gripping contact with said threads, said elements being operable in a slot having a width greater than the thickness of said elements and affording predetermined movement of said elements with said fabric in a direction warpwise of said fabric, and a stationary element having a thread-engaging edge parallel to and adjacent one side of said slot exerting an initial holding pressure on said threads.

12. In a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, means operable perpendicular to said fabric and comprising a series of relatively movable elements respectively provided with relatively sharp edges aligned transversely of the fabric and holding said threads in firm gripping contact with said fabric, means yieldingly pressing said holding edges independently into said gripping contact with said threads, said elements being operable in a slot having a Width greater than the thickness of said elements and affording predetermined movement of said elements with said fabric in a direction warpwise of said fabric, and a blade operable in a direction parallel to and at the opposite side of said slot for severing said threads from said fabric.

13. In a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined position rela- 5,

tive to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, a fabric-supporting element having a beveled edge over which said fabric and said threads pass and which by reason of the tautness of said fabric presses said threads into 0 firm-gripping contact with said fabric.

14. In ,a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being Woven and maintained 5 tautly in said loom, a pair of substantially parallel laterally spaced beveled edges over which said fabric and said threads pass in superposed relation to each other with said threads pressed into firm-gripping contact with said fabric at substantially parallel transversely extending planes spaced warpwise of the fabric by said beveled edges respectively.

15. In a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held. in a predetermined'position relative to a fabric being, woven and maintained tautly in said loom, a pair of substantially parallel laterally spaced beveled edges over which said fabric and said threads pass in superposed relation to each other with said threads pressed into firm-gripping contact with said fabric at substantially parallel transversely extending planes spaced warpwise of the fabric by said beveled edges respectively, means affording stationary support for one of said edges, and means affording yielding support for the second of said edges.

16. In a loom employing a' series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly'in said loom, a pair of substantially parallel laterally spaced beveled edges over which said fabric and said threads pass in superposed relation to each other with said threads pressed into firm-gripping contact with said fabric at substantially parallel transversely extending planes spaced warpwise of the fabric by said beveled edges respectively, one of said edges being composed of a. series of substantially aligned sections relatively movable with respect to each other and to the second of said pair of edges.

1'7. In a loom employing a series of warp threads arranged to be incorporated in, severed from, and held in a predetermined position relative to a fabric being woven and maintained tautly in said loom, a pair of substantially parallel laterally spaced beveled edges over which said fabric and said threads pass in superposedrelation to each other with said threads pressed into firm-gripping contact with said fabric at substantially parallel transversely extending planes spaced warpwise of the fabric by said beveled edges respectively, one of said edges being composed of a series of substantially aligned sections relatively movable with respect to each other and to the second of said pair of edges for independent movement in a plane parallel to that of said second edge and in a direction at right angles to said plane.

18. In a loom weaving fabric including parallel courses of pile loops formed respectively over transversely extending wires, a support for and extending transversely of the fabric, and an anvil spaced from and extending parallel to said support and adapted to be engaged by and to support said courses successively in a predetermined loop-cutting position.

19. In a loom weaving fabric including parallel courses of pile loops formed respectively over transversely extending wires, an anvil having an inclined pile course engaging surface disposed at an angle substantially coinciding with the natural angle of inclination of the foremost of said courses of pile loops arranged to be engaged by and to support said courses successively in a predetermined loop-cutting position.

20. In a loom weaving fabric including parallel courses of pile loops formed respectively over transversely extending wires, an anvil having an inclined pile course engaging surface disposed at an angle substantially coinciding with the natural angle of inclination of the foremost of said courses of pile loops arranged to be engaged by and to support said courses successively in a predetermined loop-cutting position, and a cutting blade on one end of each wire operable in a plane substantially paralleling said inclined surface for cutting said loops as said wires are successively withdrawn from the fabric.

21. In a loom weaving fabric including parallel courses of pileloops formed respectively over transversely extending wires, an anvil having an 5 withdrawn from the fabric, and a support for said 15 anvil projecting rearwardly' from said inclined surface of said anvil and provided with a groove in which said blade operates. V

22. In a loom weaving pile fabric with pile warps held against said fabric, to be tied into said 20 fabric, to be formed into successive courses of pile loops around wires extending transversely of said fabric, and to be severed from said fabric, the combination of a horizontally disposed breast plate, a vertical flange on the breast plate over 25 the upper edge of which said fabric and said warp threads pass and pressing said threads into gripping contact with. one of said courses of pile loops which overlies the upper edge of the flange, a supplementary plate on said breast plate with 30 the rear edge of the supplementary plate spaced from and parallel to the front face of said flange providing a slot therebetween, a blade operable in the slot perpendicular to said fabric, and means raising the blade in the slot until the 35 upper edge of the blade engages and presses said threads into firm gripping contact with said fabric on a line paralleling said upper threadgripping edge of said flange. V

23. In a loom weaving pile fabric with pile 40 warps held against said fabric, to be tied into said fabric, to be formed into successive courses of pile loops around wires extending transversely of said fabric, and to be severed from said fabric, the combination of a horizontally disposed breast plate, a vertical flange on the breast plate over the upper edge of which said fabric and said warp threads pass and pressing said threads into gripping contact with one of said courses of pile loops which overlies the upperedge of the flange, a supplementary plate on said breast plate with the rear edge of the supplementary plate spaced from and parallel to the front face of said flange providing a slot therebetween, a series of relatively movable blade sections having upper edges longitudinally aligned transversely of said fabric and operable in said slot perpendicular to the fabric, and a series of springs respectively raising said blade sections independently until said upper edges thereof engage and press said threads into gripping contact with a course of said pile loops disposed in spaced parallel relation to said course overlying said flange.

24. In a loom weaving pile fabric with pile warps held against said fabric, to be tied into said fabric, to be formed into successive courses of pile loops around wires extending transversely of said fabric, and to be severed from said fabric, the combination of a horizontally disposed breast plate, a vertical flange on the breast plate over the upper'edge of which said fabric and said warp threads pass and pressing saidthreads into gripping contact with one of said courses of pile loops which overlies the upper edge of the flange,

the rear edge of the supplementary plate spaced from and parallel to the front face of said flange providing a slot therebetween, a blade operable in the slot perpendicular to said fabric, means raising the blade in the slot until the upper edge of the blade engages and presses said threads into firm gripping contact with said fabric on a line paralleling said upper thread-gripping edge of said flange, an anvil on one of said plates forward of said slot and having a rear surface engaged by said courses of pile loops successively to hold the foremost of said courses in predetermined loop-cutting position parallel to said slot, and a cutting blade operable intermediate said slot and said anvil for cutting said foremost course of loops.

25. In a loom weaving pile fabricwith pile warps held against said fabric, to be tied into said fabric, to be formed into successive courses of pile loops around wires extending transversely of said fabric, and to be severed from said fabric, the combination of a horizontally disposed breast plate, a vertical flange on the breast plate over the upper edge of which said fabric and said warp threads pass and pressing said threads into gripping contact with one of said courses of pile loops which overlies the upper edge of the flange, a supplementary plate on said breast plate with the rear edge of the supplementary plate spaced from and parallel to the front face of said flange providing a slot therebetween, a blade operable in the slot perpendicular to said fabric, means raising the blade in the slot until the upper edge of the blade engages and presses said threads into firm gripping contact with said fabric on a line paralleling said upper thread-gripping edge of said flange, an anvil on one of said plates forward of said slot and having a rear surface engaged by said courses of pile loops successively to hold the foremost of said courses in predetermined loop-cutting position parallel to said slot, and a cutting blade operable in and longitudinal of a groove formed in one of said plates intermediate said slot and said anvil for cutting said foremost course of loops.

26. In a loom weaving pile fabric with pile warps held against said fabric, to be tied into said fabric, to be formed into successive courses of pile loops around wires extending transversely of said fabric, and to be severed from said fabric, the combination of a horizontally disposed breast plate, a vertical fiange'on the breast plate over the upper edge of which said fabric and said warp threads pass and pressing said threads into gripping contact with one of said courses of pile loops which overlies the upper edge of the flange,

a supplementary plate on said breast plate with the rear edge of the supplementary plate spaced from and parallel to the front face of said flange providing a slot therebetween, a blade operable in the slot perpendicular to said fabric, means 5 raising the blade in the slot until the upper edge of the blade engages and presses said threads into firm gripping contact with said fabric on a line paralleling said upper thread-gripping edge of said flange, an anvil on one of said plates forward of said slot and having a rear surface engaged by said courses of pile loops successively to hold the foremost of said courses in predetermined loop-cutting position parallel to said slot, and a cutting blade operable in and longitudinal of a groove formed in one of said plates intermediate said slot and said anvil for cutting said foremost course of loops, said rear surface of said anvil and a corresponding surface of said groove being contiguously disposed in a common plane.

27. In a loom weaving pile fabric with pile warps held against said fabric, to be tied into said fabric, to be formed into successive courses of pile loops around wires extending transversely of said fabric, and to be severed from said fabric, the combination of a horizontally disposed breast plate, a vertical flange on the breast plate over the upper edge of which said fabric and said warp threads pass and pressing said threads into gripping contact with one of said courses of pile loops which overlies the upper edge of the flange, a supplementary plate on said breast plate with the rear edge of the supplementary plate spaced from and parallel to the front face of said flange providing a slot therebetween, a blade operable in the slot perpendicular to said fabric, means raising the blade in the slot until the upper edge of the blade engages and presses said threads into firm gripping contact with said fabric on a line paralleling said upper threadgripping edge of said flange, an anvil on one of said plates forward of said slot and having a rear surface engaged by said courses of pile loops successively to hold the foremost of said courses in predetermined loop-cutting position parallel to said slot, and a cutting blade operable in and longitudinal of a groove formed in one of said plates intermediate said slot and said anvil for cutting said foremost course of loops, said rear surface of said anvil and a corresponding surface of said groove being contiguously disposed in a common plane inclined forwardly in accordance with the natural inclination of the foremost course of uncut loops.

LIN'US STURM.

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