US2020919A - Coking retokt oven - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 12, 1935. l Ji VAN AcKEREN 2,020,919

COKING RETORT OVEN I Filed June" 1o, 1932 e sheets-sleet.- 1

sv/P ,s1/y@ 144957Z: 545 MEGEVE/agrafes BY /MQEK NQV. 12,l 1935. J, VAN ACKEREN 2,020,919

COKING RETORTOVEN Filed June 1o, 1932 e sheets-sheet 3 Y IN VENTOR. Josep/7 von .ckere/z Nov. 12, 1935. J, VAN ACKEREN 2,020,919

COKING RETORTYOVEN Filed June 1o, 1932 sheets-sheet 4 INVENTOR. k/asgo ma c/ere/z BY Nov., 12, 1935. J. VAN AcKEREN coKING REToR'i OVEN Fiied June4 1o, 1932 l 6 Shee'ts-sheet, 5

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NOV' 12, 1935. J. VAN AcKEREN COKNG RETORT OVEN F11/ed June 1o, 1932 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 .@HQHUH HEHQHUMHHHHHHQHU EMMEN HH..

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..|.n....|...d....,...=..... ....UHUHHHHHHMQHHHHHMHHHHHHH- www MHHHMHMHH .n .$5.11. HHH@ H H M ...UH ...mi l @HMH HF. u @u ...=.......m...\...m...u........... m HQ. -UHMHQHQHMHH@HHHH Nw Patented Nov. 12, 1935 coKING RE'roR'r OVEN Joseph van Ackeren, OHara Township, AlIegheny County, Pa., assigner to The Koppers Company of Delaware, a corporation of Dela- Ware Application June 10, 1932, Serial No. 616,443

15 Claims.

My invention relates to coking retort ovens and particularly to horizontal ovens such, for example, as those of the Becker crossover type.

An object of my invention is to provide a coke oven battery that is divided into a suitable and convenient number of units for expansion that shall be substantially coincident with operating units of the battery.

Another object is to provide a lsimple construc- 105. tion in Which the ducts for combustible media or Waste gases are not intersected by expansion joints or other openings whereby counterflow and leakage of gases are substantially avoided.

, It is well known that it is necessary to provide coke -oven batteries with a series of transverse expansion joints to compensate for the'expansion of the materials of which the battery is constructed when the latter is heated. When these expansion joints intersect ducts or iiues for com- V bustible media such as coke oven gas, producer gas and air, and ducts for Waste gases, leakage may occur between inflow and outflow ducts because of the pressure differential between them. Such leakage is not only wasteful but dangerous I because of the possibility of explosions.

In accordance with the present invention, the regenerators and their connections to the flame flues of cooperating heating Walls are arranged in units that are separable by expansion joints 39k` without intersection by the latter of any of the ues or ducts for gases. In the preferred form of my invention, each expansion unit consists essentially of one heating wall, two endwise aligned regenerators beneath the heating wall 35iV and the ducts and flues between the regenerators and the ame flues of the heating wall.

In a modification, each expansion unit comprises two heating walls and the intervening structure, the regenerators therebeneath and the 49,5; communicating ducts and ues therefor. Alternate oven chambers are of different widths to compensate for the changes produced by expansion when the battery is heated and the expansion joints are closed. This arrangement per-V 45@ mits the connection of each regenerator to the flame ues of two adjacent heating Walls instead of a single heating Wall as in the preferred arrangement.

50": in each of the arrangements referred to above,

each transverse vertical expansion joint extends into an oven chamber and also into a slot in a pillar wall beneath the oven chamber and which slot is connected to the atmosphere. 5g.; The details of my inventionwill be described in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a View in vertical, transverse section of a coke oven battery taken partially on line A-A and partially on line B--B of Fig. 2; 5v

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of a portion of the coke oven battery and taken on line II-II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a liow diagram in perspective of two of the heating walls of Figs. 1 and 2 and certain 10 of their associated parts, `parts being broken away;

Fig. 4 is a view in transverse. vertical sectionV of a modied form of coke oven battery takenpartially on line C-C and partially on line D-D 15 of Fig. 5; and

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal, vertical, sectional View of a portion of the coke oven battery of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view taken on lines 6-6 of Figs. 4 and 5. 20l

Referring particularly to Figs. 1, 3, and 3, a coke oven battery I, constructed inaccordance with the preferred form 'of my invention, comprises a series of horizontal oven chambers 2 that alternate with heating walls 3. Any suitable 25 number of ovens and heating walls may be provided, the number of the heating walls, however, being an even one in order that they may be arranged in pairs, as will be hereinafter described.

The battery is provided with the usual roof or top 4 through which extend charging holes 5 vby means of which coal may be charged into the oven chambers. Gas offtake openings 6 at each end of the oven chambers 2` are connected to ascension pipes I which communicate with collecting mains 8 extending along the sides of the battery. I

Below the oven chambers and heating walls is intermediate brickwork Q-extending horizontally and separating the oven chambers and heating Walls from a series of crosswise regenerators I0 and II therebeneath. The regenerators I ll and Il each extend half the Width of the battery, a regenerator Ill and a regenerator II being in endwise alignment. Y

The regenerators I0 are provided with sole flues I2 that are connected to reversing boxes I3 to which producer gas is supplied by means of a producer gas main I4 and from which combustion gases are conducted into a vertical duct I5 50- with sole flues I2 are. connected to reversing 55` gas, when the latter is used as fuel, through gas guns 2@ and horizontal ducts 2I to the ued heating walls.

Each of the heating walls 3 is provided with a Y series of vertical flame flues 22 that are connected at their tops by ductsrZi to a horizontal ilue 26. The upper horizontal nues 24 ofY adjacent heating walls'are connected by means of a series of crossover ilues 25 which thus arrange the flame Yflues of the heating walls in pairs for operation in series. This construction is a feature of the well known Becker type of horizontal coke ovens. Beneath each heating wall and extending horizontally parallel thereto for its entire length are Vtwo relatively large horizontal flues 25 and 2l that areoonnected by means of ducts 28 'to the regenerators I@ and I I respectively. Each horizontal flue 25 and 2l is also connected by means 'I of inclined ducts 29 to each ofthe arne flues of the heating wall directly above it.

Beneath each oven chamber 2 is` aV pillar wall 3l for supporting the structure above the-regenerators andfor separating the crosswise regenerators from each other.' Each pillar wall 3lV is provided with a slot 32 which'extends substantially throughout the lengthand height of the wall and upwardly through the intermediate brickwork adjacent to the bottom of .the oven chamber immediately above it. The slots 32 open into; the atmosphere in the same-manner illustrated .in connection with the slots i4 in Fig. 4.'

YThe top of each slot 321s connected by means of expansion joints 33 tothe bottom of each oven chamber.

. with a series of expansion joints 34 and` 35 in the casewhen expansion jointsintersect such order that expansion of the roof .may correspond to the expansionof the structure below.

When the battery is heated the expansion of the Vseveral units constituted by the divisions of the pillar walls 3i byineans Vof the slots V32 and the expansion joints 33,3%, and 35'is compensated for by the reduction in the spaces in the slots and Inasmuch as each the several expansion joints. expansion unit is complete in itself insofar as concerns the regeneratora' the flame flues .to which Vthey areconnected, and the Vcommunicating ducts and uestherebetween, these ducts and ilues are not aected-by suchV expansion and there is therefore little likelihood of leakage as may be l Y Y Y heating walls to supply either producer gas or'air l ducts and flues. .Y .Y

In the operation `o fpthis form of my invention it may be assumed that producer gas is Ybeing usedV as fueln'a'nd that the flow of gases Ythrough the regenerators I'is as indicated in Fig. 2,-'which is typical'of'all of the regenerators I 0 of the'battery. The'reg-enerators Ill conduct-gases in ac -f cordance with the legends G and WG whichindicate, respectively, fuel gas and waste gases.

O n theotherside'of Ythe battery the regenerators` II will operate in a similar-arrangement, f

' Yhalf V of the regenerators ccnductingairand the other half of the regenerators conducting waste eases. Y

The topv of the batteryV is also provided The inflow regenerators III conduct producer gas Vinto the horizontal fiues 26 connected thereto and the inow regenerators I I conduct air simultaneously into the horizontal Vflues .21 connected thereto and fuel gas and air are supplied to each of the flame flues 22 of one heating wall of each vconnected pair for burning upwardly therein.

The gases of combustion pass through ducts 23 into the horizontal ,nues 24 Aand thence through crossover flues 25 into the correspondingstructure of the adjacent heating wall of each pair.

The hot gases are then distributed in reverse order through the heating system of the connected heating wall and the'gases flow through the connected horizontal flues 26 and 2l and the corresponding outflow rege'nerators I0 and IIl Vto the waste gas mains I6, as willbe understood. A

representative pair of'heating walls is diagram- Vmatically shown in Fig. 3 and the operation of each pair of heating walls corresponds'thereto.

The direction of flow of gases' in the batteryY is-reversed Vperiodically. by the usual` reversing l mechanism and the inilow regenerators. I0 now become outflow regenerators andthe formeroutversa.

.Whencoke-oven gas. is; used Vas fuel it is sup-V plied to one heating wall of each pair through the gas guns 26, ducts 2I and nozzles 31 for theV j respective flame flues 22.V All of the inflow regenerators i9 and ltnow supplyair'to the flame flues 22 and the operation is as otherwise described for producergas. :Upon reversal, combustible mediais similarly supplied' to the other Y heating wall of each pair and the'ow of gases throughout the battery 'is correspondingly reversed.VV i l r A'modined form of my invention isillustrated in Figs. 4eand5. in which similar numerals designate corresponding parts. TheA essential difference inthis latter form of my Vinvention comprises the arrangement of the regenerators andY their connections to `the Vheating walls in such Y manner that each expansion; unitv comprises-two heating walls and two regenerators that are are ranged side by side.

i Cross regenerators' are arranged in pairs between pillar walls lli and theseV regenerators extend theentire width ofthe lzoattery.VV The4 ref! generators 4D are each provided with twosole ues 42 in order to Vprovide a proper distribution of the incoming airorproducergas, as the case 1 may be, throughout the checkerwork of the regenerators. Each regenerator is connected to each of the flame ilues of each of two adjacent thereto or'to receive waste gases, therefrom.

are separated rby a partition wall 43. Y wall Vmay be of suiiicientstrength tosupportthe The members of yeach pair of regenerators -iIlV Thisrlatter Y structurethereabove but its thickness needY not-be, great forthe'purpose of separating the regener- Y ators inasmuch, astheV members Aof neach. pair fof regenerators always conductV gaseszin the sameY direction, and there is, therefore, substantially-no pressure differentialbetween them,

Y' Eaciipiuar vWan u isi provided with ajslot 'u 1 substantially similarto the slotv 3 2 ofthe pre'- l" ferred form of myiinvention inthat" it extends substantially fromfthe base of the battery through the horizontal brickwork and is connected by expansion joints 45 to the bottom of the oven chamber 2 thereabove. The slots 44. open into the atmosphere, as shown in Fig. 4, in order to prevent leakage between adjacent inow and outflow regenerators. Expansion joints 46 and 41 at the top of the battery provide for expansion to correspond with that occurring in the expansion joints 45 and the slots 44.

In the construction of the battery alternate oven chambers 2 that are directly above the pillar walls 4| are constructed slightly wider than the remaining oven chambers that are not connected to expansion joints. This arrangement provides that when the battery is heated expansion of the refractory material causes the closing of the expansion joints and the width of the initially wider ovens. to be diminished until they are substantially the same width as the'other ovens which have slightly increased in width because of expansion of the materials of their walls.

In the operation of the modied form ofbattery, producer gas is supplied by the producer gas main I4 through reversing boxes I3 to the sole fiues 42 of the inilow regenerators for preheating producer gas. Air is admitted through adjacent reversing boxes i3 to air inflow regenerators, the arrangement of the regenerators for carrying gas, air and waste gases being that indicated in Fig. 5, these gases being respectively indicated by the legends Gas, Air, and WG.

Gas and air are supplied by pairs of regenerators 40 through ducts 49 to the flame flues of each of two adjacent heating walls thereabove for burning upwardly therein, and waste gases pass through the connected cross-over flues 25 into` the flue systems of the adjacent heating walls in series therewith and waste gases pass out through the pair of regenerators connected to the other member of each pair of heating walls.

When the ow of gases in the battery is reversed, as occurs periodically, the inilow regenerators become outow regenerators, and vice versa, the arrangement now being that indicated by the legends in dotted lines in Fig. 5. It will be noted that the same arrangement of tlie regenerators is maintained in that both regenerators of each pair are always inflow -or outflow regenerators. It may be noted also that an air regenerator is always between a producer gas generator and a waste gas generator in both directions of flow of gases.A

It will be noted that in the coke oven battery just described each expansion unit comprises two regenerators, two heating walls and the structure therebetween, and that the expansion joints forming the boundary of each expansion unit do not intersect any of the ducts or hues for carrying combustible media or waste gases. This arrangement substantially prevents any leakage or counterilow between combustible media and Waste gases.

It will also be noted in this form of my invention that by reason of the full length of the re-n generators only a single waste gas main and a single producer gas main are required. It has also been arranged to supply coke oven gas from one side of the battery only, the horizontal duct 2i connected t-o the gas gun 20 extending the entire width of the battery for supplying each heating wall.

'I'he advantages of the preferred form of my invention are that the battery is divided into relatively small units for expansion and each of these units iscomplete insofar as concerns the regen- `flame ilues of the heating walls.

erators, the adjacentheating walls and the flues and ducts for connecting the regenerators to the This arrangement provides that the expansion of the battery may occur without disturbing any of the comy5 municating ducts and ues, and leakage between ducts for conducting combustible media and waste gases is thereby substantially entirely avoided.

The arrangement of the regenerators whereby air is supplied on one side of the battery only and producer gas is supplied on the other side ofthe battery only together with the horizontal flues connected to the regenerators and extending the width of the battery require that only one lproducer gas main be employed. This arrangement oi expansion unitsis particularly adapted for use in batteries of the Becker crossover type of horizontal ovens inasmuch as each heating wall of a connected pair for operation in series may be part of an expansion unit without in any way interfering with the operation of the heating ,wall in series therewith and which may be a part of another expansion unit.

l In the modified form of my invention the expansion units are somewhat wider but the regenerators extend the entire Width of the battery and each regenerator is arranged to alternately supply combustible media to two adjacent heating walls and to receive waste gases from these heating walls.

The elimination of one of the coke oven mains, a producer main and a waste gas main is of advantage also in that it reduces the cost of construction and is a considerable convenienceV in the operation of the battery.

The foregoing and other advantages of construction and operation will be apparent to those skilled in the art relating to coke ovens.

I claim as my invention:

1. A coking retort oven battery comprisinga 40 plurality of horizontal oven chambers and heating walls therefor and alternating therewith side by side in a row, vertical ilame flues in said heating walls, an expansion joint extending from adjacent the top of each coking oven chamber to substantially the top of the oven, regenerators eX- tending beneath said heating walls and parallel thereto and connected in series with the flame iiues of adjacent heating walls by means of ducts, horizontally extending walls extending beneath and parallel to said ovenchambers and between said regenerators, expansion accommodating slots in certain of the regenerator walls that are between two contiguous regenerators and common to both, and extending substantially throughout the length and height of the regenerator chambers, and expansion joints extending from the tops of said slots to the bottoms of the coking chambers thereabove without the intersection of said ducts by said slots or said expansion joints, said expansion joints being closed to the regenerator chambers and leading to s aid slots whereby the `battery structure is divided into expansible units for expansion when the oven is heated, each unit vcomprising at least one regenerator, one flued expansion joint extending from adjacent the top of each coking oven chamber to substantially the top of the oven, regenerators extending beneath Y said heating walls and parallel thereto and connected in series with the llame flues of adjacent heating walls by means of ducts, horizontally extending Walls extending beneath and parallel to said oven chambers and between said regenerators, expansion accommodating slots in the re- Y generator walls that are both beneath the coking chambers crossed over by the crossover iues and are between two contiguous 'regenerators and common to both, said slots extending substantially throughout the length and height of the regenerator chambers, and expansion joints extending from the tops of said slots to the bottoms of the coking chambers thereabove without the intersection of said ducts by said slots or said expansion joints, said expansion j0ints being closed to the regenerator chambers and leading to said slots, whereby the battery structure is divided into expansible units for expansion when the ovenis heated, each unit extending in length transversely across the battery and in width including at least one regenerator and one heating wall thereabove and the ducts for communication therebetween. Y

' 3. A coking retort oven battery comprising a plurality Vof horizontal oven chambers and heating walls therefor and alternating therewith sideby-side in arrow, Vertical flame nues in said heat- Ving walls, crossover liues crossing over alternate coking chambers only for connecting the flame Vlues of adjacent heating wallsl in series and thereby arranging said heating walls in pairs,

' and expansion joint extending from'Y adjacent Y beneath said heating walls and parallel thereto*Y the top of each coking oven chamber to ,substantially the top of theroven, regenerators extending and connected Vin series with the flame flues of adjacent heating walls by means of ducts, horizontally extending walls extending beneath and parallel to said oven chambers and between said regenerators, expansion accommodating slots in the regenerator walls that are both beneath theV coking chambers crossed over by crossover iiues and are between't'wo contiguous regenerators and common to both, said slots extending substantially throughout the length and height of the regenerator chambers, and expansion joints extending from the tops of and forming a continuous expansible connection withfsaid slotsto'the bottoms Vfof the coking chambers thereabove Awithout the therebetween, and each of; said slots opening into; i

e mi

intersection of said ducts by said slots or saidY `.expansion joints, saidjoints beingclosed to the regenerator chambers and leading tol-said slots,

vwhereby the battery structure is divided into ex- V`pansible units for expansion when the oven is heated,V eachA unit extending inV length transversely across the battery and'in width including at leastrone re-generator and one heating wall thereabove Yand the ducts for' communi-cation the atmosphere whereby leakageV of gases'from one expansion Vunit tofanotherV is eiectually prevented.

LA cokingretort oven battery comprising a plurality ofhorizontal oven chambers and heating walls therefor and alternating therewith'side-- by-side in a row, vertical iiarne'flues in said heating'walls, an expansion joint Yextending from adjacent Ythe top of each coloring' oven chamber rto substantially `the top of the ovenregenerator's extending beneath said heating walls and parallel f thereto and connected in `series with the flameY Y substantially throughoutthe length and height nected to eachof thejflame -Vues of .said heatingV `A.walliorsupplying'air and fuel gas respectivelyY flues of adjacent heating walls by means ofA ducts;

horizontally extending walls extending beneath and parallel to said voven chambersand betweenY said regenerators, expansion accommodating Vslots in certain of the regenerator walls that are Vbetween two contiguous regenerators and common to both, and extending substantially throughout the length and height of the regenerator chambers, and expansion joints extending from the tops of said slots to the bottoms Vof the V coking chambers thereabove without the inter- 'section of said Yducts by said slots or said expansion joints, said expansion joints being closed toV the regenerator chambers andleading ,to saidV slots, whereby the battery structure is divided 15,"

into' expansible units for expansion when V-the oven is heated, each unit'comprising two regenerators which operateto supply Vfuel gas and air respectively when operatingas inflow regener-` ators and both of which'conduct waste gases 20g- A when operating asroutlow regenerators and each 'unit comprising also the ame flues communiof said coking chambers foreconnecting the name Y flues of adjacent heating walls in series and there- Y by arranging said heating walls in pairs, anexpansion joint extending from adjacent;the top of each coking oven chamber to substantially the top of the oven, regenerators extending beneathA said heating walls and parallel thereto and connected in series with the. flame flues of adjacent heating 'walls by means of ducts, horizontally extending walls extending beneath and parallel to said oven chambers and between said regenerators, expan-` sion accommodating means ,comprising slots in if? the regenerator walls ,that are both'beneath the coking chambers crossed overlby the crossover flues and arerbetween twocontiguous regener- 1 ators and common toboth, said slots extending of the regenerator chambers, and expansion joints extending from the tops of said'slotsto the boty toms of theY coking chambers thereabove and c forming a continuous unbroken expansion means with said slotsiwithout the Vintersection of said ducts by. said slots .or said expansion joints, said expansion vjoints being closed ito the-regenerato'r chambers and` leadingV tov said slots, whereby the battery structure is divided into expansible units for expansion when` the oven is heated, leach unit comprising a heating wall and two regenerators Ytherebeneath in alinement transversely across thebattery and that are each communicably conthereto or 'for 'conducting waste gasest'ne'refrom,

6; A rockingV 'retortoven battery comprising a Y Vplurality ofrhorizontaloven chambers'andheating walls therefor and alternatingthe-rewith sideby'side in a row, vertical/name lues in said heating walls, crossover flues crossing over alternate coking chambers only for Vconnecting''the name VAflues.` of adjacent n heating walls in serie'sf andV tlfie'reby.arranging ,saidheating walls. in pairsY '1.0.

an expansion joint extending from adjacent the top o-f'each coling oven chamber to substantially th'e'top of therrovenfregenerators extending be-jj heath saidfheating walls andparallelV thereto and connectedrin series withrthe llame flues` of adjacent heating walls by means ofA ducts, horizontally` ZR;

extending walls extending beneath andparallel to said oven chambers and between 4said regenerators, continuous expansion accommodating means extending continuously throughout the length and height of the regenerator chambers in the regenerator walls and to the bottoms of said coking chambers and crossed over by crossover flues and closed to the regenerator chambers for dividing said battery into a plurality of expansible units for expansion, each expansion unit comprising a heating wall, two regenerators in alinement transversely of the battery,.and gaseous media distributing means comprising a horizontal duct and communicating ducts for ccnnecting each of said two regenerators to each of the flame flues of said heating wall.

7. A coking retort oven battery comprisingv a plurality of horizontal oven chambers and heating walls therefor and alternating therewith side-by-side in Va row, Vertical flame flues in said heating walls, crossover flues for connecting the flame flues of adjacent heating walls in series and thereby arranging said heating walls in pairs, two regenerators in endwise alinement beneath each heating wall and parallel thereto, means comprising a horizontal duct for `communicably connecting each flame flue of each of said heating walls to the two regenerators beneath the heating wall, and means for supplying fuel gas to one of said two regenerators and for simultaneously admitting air to the other regenerator and for alternately withdrawing waste gases from both of said regenerators.

8. A coking retort oven battery comprising a plurality of horizontal oven chambers and heating walls therefor and alternating therewith sideby-side in a row, vertical flame flues in said heating walls, crossover flues for connecting the ame flues of' adjacent heating walls in series and thereby arranging said heating walls in pairs, two regenerators in endwise alinement beneath each heating wall and parallel thereto, means cornprising a horizontal duct for communicably connecting each llame ue of each of said heating walls to the two regenerators beneath the heating wall, and means for alternately supplying fuel gas to or withdrawing waste gases from alternate pairs of regenerators on one side of the battery and for alternately admitting air to or withdrawing waste gases from alternate pairs of regenerators on the other side of the battery.

9. A coking retort oven battery comprising a plurality of horizontal oven chambers and heating walls therefor and alternating therewith sideby-side in a row, vertical flame flues in said heating walls, crossover ilues for connecting the llame ilues of adjacent heating walls in series and thereby arranging said heating walls in pairs, two regenerators in alinement beneath each heating wall and each extending substantially half the width of said battery, two parallel horizontal ducts extending between` said regenerators and the adjacent heating wall, and each of said horizontal ducts communicating with each flame flue of said adjacent heating wall and with one of said two regenerators.

10. A coking retort oven battery comprising a plurality of horizontal oven chambers and heating walls therefor and alternating therewith sideby-side in a row, Vertical flame flues in said heating walls, crossover ilues for connecting the flame flues of adjacent heating walls in series and thereby arranging said heating walls in pairs, two regenerators beneath each heating wall in alinement lengthwise thereof and each extending subl1. In a coking retort oven battery comprising 10 a plurality of horizontal oven chambers and iiued heating walls therefor and alternating therewith side-by-side in a row, regenerators beneath said oven chambers and heating walls and parallel therewith, said regenerators being arranged in 15 pairs and both regenerators of each pair communicating with the fiues of each of two adjacent heating walls, and pillar walls between said pairs of regenerators and extending beneath alternate oven chambers the improvement comprising a 2o continuous expansion accommodating means in each .of said pillar walls extending continuously and uninterruptedly from the base thereof to the bottom of the coking chamber thereabove.

12. A coking retort oven battery comprising a 25` plurality of horizontal oven chambers and heating walls therefor and'alternating therewith sideby-side in a row, vertical flame iiues in said heating walls, regenerators extending beneath said heating walls and parallel thereto and connected 30 in series with the flame ues of adjacent heating walls by means of ducts, horizontally extending pillar walls extending beneathrand parallel to said oven chambers and between said regenerators, an expansion joint extending from adja- 35 centthe tops of coking chambers aforesaid to substantially the top of the oven, expansion accommodating slots in certain of the regenerator walls and extending substantially throughout the length and height oi the 'regenerator chambers, 40 and expansion joints extending from the tops of said slots to the bottoms of the coking chambers thereabove without the intersection of said ducts by said slots or said expansion joints and with said joints closed to the regenerators, whereby the 45 battery structure is divided into expansible units for expansion when the oven is heated, each unit comprising at least one regenerator, one flued heating wall and the communicating ducts therebetween, and each of said slots opening into the 50 atmosphere whereby leakage between regenerators on opposite sides of the said pillar walls is prevented.

13. A coking retort oven battery comprising a plurality of horizontal oven chambers and heat- 55 ing walls therefor and alternating therewith sideby-side in a row, flame iiues in said heating walls, the flame flues of adjacent heating walls being communicably connected in pairs for gas flow in series, regenerators extending beneath said heat- 60 ing walls and parallel thereto and connected in series with the flamey flues of adjacent heatingwalls by means of ducts, horizontally extending pillar walls extending beneath and parallel to said oven chambers and between said regen- 55 erators, said regenerators being arranged in pairs and both regeneratorsl of each "pair communicating with the iiues of each of two heating walls of an adjacent pair, each of the pillar walls be- 7 tween adjoining pairs of said regenerators having therein a continuous expansion accommodating means comprising. a vent passage and an expansion joint extending thereto with the expansion accommodating means extending continuously from the base of the pillar wall to the bottom of the coking chamber thereabove.

14. A ooking retort oven battery comprising a plurality of horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor alternating therewith sideby-side in a row, flame nues in said heating walls,

Vilow duct means for communicablyrconnecting the flame flues of the heating walls in two sets operable in alternation with each other for inflow combustion and outflow of combustion products, an expansion joint extending from adjacent the i top of each coking chamber toI substantially the top of the oven, regenerators beneath each heat- Y ing wall and in alinement lengthwise thereof, 15V

two parallel horizontal ducts extending between n said regenerators and the adjacent heating Wall,

and each of said horizontal ducts communicating with flame ilues of said adjacent heating wall and with one of said regenerators, regenerator walls beneath said coking chambers, and expansionYV accommodating means in regenerator walls which are beneath the coking chambers and which lie between andare common to each of ltwo contiguous regenerators, said expansion accommodating means comprising vent passages and expansion joints extending to the bottoms of the cokingV chambers for dividing the battery structure Vintov expansible expansion units each of which comprises a heating wall, the regener- Y ators therebeneath'and the ducts Vcommiunicating Y with said regenerators.

15. A coking retort oven battery comprising a,

plurality of horizontal coking chambers and heating walls therefor alternating therewith sideby-side in a row, flame flues in said heating. walls,

regenerators extending beneath said heating walls and parallel thereto and connected in series with Y the name flues of adjacent heating walls by means of ,-ducts, horizontally extending pillar walls extending beneath and parallel to said coking chambers and between said regenerators,l and means for dividing the battery structure into a plurality of expansible units for expansion when the structure is heated, said means com-,- prising expansion joints extending from adjacent the top of the coking chambers to substantially the top of the oven and expansion accommounits for expansion when the oven is heated. y

JosErH VAN ACKEREN.

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