US20200359673A1 - Material for Inclusion in a Smoking Article - Google Patents

Material for Inclusion in a Smoking Article Download PDF

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Publication number
US20200359673A1
US20200359673A1 US16/957,983 US201916957983A US2020359673A1 US 20200359673 A1 US20200359673 A1 US 20200359673A1 US 201916957983 A US201916957983 A US 201916957983A US 2020359673 A1 US2020359673 A1 US 2020359673A1
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Prior art keywords
smokeable
smoking article
tobacco
sugars
solution
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Pending
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US16/957,983
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English (en)
Inventor
Jocelyn Benning
Biniam TESFATSION
Steven Coburn
Alice Lance
Stephen Coates
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British American Tobacco Investments Ltd
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British American Tobacco Investments Ltd
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Publication of US20200359673A1 publication Critical patent/US20200359673A1/en
Assigned to BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO (INVESTMENTS) LIMITED reassignment BRITISH AMERICAN TOBACCO (INVESTMENTS) LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: COBURN, STEVEN, BENNING, Jocelyn, TESFATSION, Biniam
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
    • A24B15/36—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances containing a heterocyclic ring
    • A24B15/40—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances containing a heterocyclic ring having only oxygen or sulfur as hetero atoms
    • A24B15/403—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances containing a heterocyclic ring having only oxygen or sulfur as hetero atoms having only oxygen as hetero atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
    • A24B15/14—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco made of tobacco and a binding agent not derived from tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/281—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances the action of the chemical substances being delayed
    • A24B15/282—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances the action of the chemical substances being delayed by indirect addition of the chemical substances, e.g. in the wrapper, in the case
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/285—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances characterised by structural features, e.g. particle shape or size
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
    • A24B15/32—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances by acyclic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
    • A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
    • A24B15/28—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances
    • A24B15/30—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances
    • A24B15/34—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes by chemical substances by organic substances containing a carbocyclic ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/14—Forming reconstituted tobacco products, e.g. wrapper materials, sheets, imitation leaves, rods, cakes; Forms of such products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
    • A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
    • A24D1/025—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers the covers having material applied to defined areas, e.g. bands for reducing the ignition propensity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to inclusion of one or more sugars in a smoking article.
  • Sugars are used in combustible products to improve taste.
  • the sugars are typically applied as a sugar-containing casing solution.
  • a method of reducing the level of one or more tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) generated by a smoking article in use comprising applying one or more sugars to smokeable material for incorporation into the smoking article.
  • TSNAs tobacco specific nitrosamines
  • TSNAs tobacco specific nitrosamines
  • the one or more sugars comprise one or more of: arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, fructose, sucrose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose, invert sugar and derivatives thereof, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.
  • the one or more sugars are applied as a solution or in particulate form.
  • the smokeable material comprises tobacco.
  • the one or more sugars are applied to the tobacco.
  • the one or more sugars are applied to the smokeable material in an amount of about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9% or about 10% (w/w).
  • the level of one or more TSNAs is reduced by at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35%, at least about 40% or at least about 45% compared to a control smoking article.
  • a smokeable material for inclusion in a smoking article comprising tobacco, and one or more isolated sugars selected from the group consisting of: arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and derivatives thereof, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.
  • the one or more isolated sugars are applied to the tobacco.
  • the one or more isolated sugars are applied to the tobacco as a solution or in particulate form.
  • the smokeable material comprises about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9% or about 10% of the one or more isolated sugars (w/w).
  • a smoking article comprising a smokeable material according to a third aspect of the invention.
  • a smokeable sheet material for inclusion in a smoking article, the sheet material comprising a filler and one or more isolated sugars selected from the group consisting of arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and derivatives thereof, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.
  • the filler comprises one or more of a binder, a diluent and a filling agent.
  • a method of preparing a sheet of smokeable material according to the fifth aspect of the invention comprising preparing, casting and drying a solution or slurry comprising a filler and one or more isolated sugars.
  • the level of one or more TSNAs in smoke generated upon use of a smoking article into which the smokeable material according to the third aspect of the invention, or smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the invention is incorporated is reduced compared to a control smoking article.
  • a smoking article comprising a smokeable material according to the third aspect of the invention, or a smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the invention.
  • smoking articles according to the seventh aspect have a reduced level of one or more TSNAs in the mainstream smoke generated upon use of the article.
  • FIG. 1 is a representation of a smoking article in accordance with a fourth aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph demonstrating the reduction of certain analytes achieved by a smoking article comprising blend A tobacco to which a 5% solution of Glucuronic acid, L-Rhamnose, L-Arabinose or D-Galactose was applied compared to a smoking article comprising a comparable amount of control blend A tobacco.
  • FIG. 3 shows the tabulated data for FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a graph demonstrating the reduction of certain analytes achieved by a smoking article comprising blend A tobacco to which a 5% or 10% solution of Invert Sugar; or a 10% solution of L-Arabinose was applied compared to a smoking article comprising a comparable amount of control blend A tobacco.
  • FIG. 5 shows the tabulated data for FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 6 is a graph demonstrating the reduction of certain analytes achieved by a smoking article comprising blend B tobacco to which a 10% solution of L-Arabinose was applied compared to a smoking article comprising a comparable amount of control blend B tobacco.
  • FIG. 7 shows the tabulated data for FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 8 is a graph demonstrating the reduction of certain analytes achieved by a smoking article comprising blend C tobacco to which a 10% solution of L-Arabinose was applied compared to a smoking article comprising a comparable amount of control blend C tobacco.
  • FIG. 9 shows the tabulated data for FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 10 is a graph demonstrating the reduction of certain analytes achieved by a smoking article comprising blend D tobacco to which a 10% solution of L-Arabinose was applied compared to a smoking article comprising a comparable amount of control blend D tobacco.
  • FIG. 11 shows the tabulated data for FIG. 10 .
  • Smoke arising from a smoking article which comprises tobacco is a complex, dynamic mixture of more than 5000 identified constituents.
  • the constituents are present in the mainstream smoke (MS), which exits the mouth end of the cigarette, and are also released between puffs as constituents of sidestream smoke (SS).
  • MS mainstream smoke
  • SS sidestream smoke
  • TSNAs tobacco-specific nitrosamines
  • NNB N′-nitrosoanabasine
  • NAT N′-nitrosoanatabine
  • NNK 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
  • NNN N′-nitrosonornicotine
  • inorganic compounds such as ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, nitric oxide and carbon monoxide.
  • Methods for selectively reducing mainstream smoke and/or sidestream smoke constituents may include reducing the levels of certain compounds from the starting material by, for example, using biotechnological methods; blending of different types of tobacco, or treating the tobacco prior to incorporation into the smoking article; reducing the amount of tobacco in the smoking article by including diluents or fillers; ventilation of the smoking article, where ambient air is drawn into the smoking article to dilute the MS; and use of a filter, which enhances the removal of MS constituents.
  • One such material is acacia gum, which has been shown to reduce the level of one or more TSNAs from mainstream smoke generated upon use of a smoking article.
  • sugars to tobacco and/or smoking articles is known, typically for the purpose of improving taste, and this is particularly the case with respect to Burley tobacco, where sugars are lost during curing.
  • the sugars are typically applied as a sugar-containing casing solution.
  • NFDPM is a term of the art, determined utilising a test methodology as would be understood by a skilled person. It is defined as the weight of mainstream smoke particulate matter trapped on a high efficiency particulate filter, minus the weight of nicotine and water on the filter. It is usually expressed in weight units of milligrams per cigarette.
  • a method of reducing the level of one or more tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) generated by a smoking article in use comprising applying one or more sugars to smokeable material for incorporation into the smoking article.
  • TSNAs tobacco specific nitrosamines
  • TSNAs tobacco specific nitrosamines
  • the one or more sugars comprise one or more of: arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, fructose, sucrose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylose, xylulose, invert sugar and derivatives thereof, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.
  • the one or more of the sugars may be the D-isomer; in some embodiments, one or more of the sugars may be the L-isomer; in some embodiments the one or more sugars comprise one or more of: L-arabinose, L-rhamnose, D-galactose, D-glucuronic acid or invert sugar. In some embodiments the sugar is arabinose, or L-arabinose.
  • the one or more sugars are applied to the smokeable material as a solution or in particulate form. In some embodiments according to the first or second aspects of the invention, the one or more sugars are applied to the smokeable material as a solution.
  • the smokeable material comprises tobacco.
  • the one or more sugars are applied to the tobacco.
  • the one or more sugars are applied to the smokeable material in an amount of about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9% or about 10% (w/w).
  • the one or more sugars for incorporation into the smokeable material are one or more isolated sugars.
  • isolated is meant a sugar in pure, substantially pure, and/or uncombined form.
  • the level of one or more TSNAs is reduced by at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35%, at least about 40% or at least about 45% compared to a control smoking article.
  • a smokeable material for inclusion in a smoking article comprising tobacco, and one or more isolated sugars selected from the group consisting of: arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and derivatives thereof, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.
  • isolated is meant a sugar in pure, substantially pure, and/or uncombined form.
  • the one or more isolated sugars are applied to the smokeable material as a solution or in particulate form.
  • the smokeable material comprises tobacco.
  • the one or more isolated sugars are applied to the tobacco.
  • the one or more isolated sugars are applied to the tobacco as a solution or in particulate form.
  • the amount of the one or more isolated sugars added to the tobacco is such that the resultant smokeable material remains easy to handle and process.
  • the concentration of the solution is such that the viscosity of the solution is low enough to be sprayed and/or the tobacco evenly covered with solution, but high enough to avoid the time required to dry the resultant smokeable material being significantly extended.
  • the smokeable material comprises about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9% or about 10% of the one or more isolated sugars (w/w).
  • smokeable material according to the third aspect may further comprise one or more of the components typically found in the tobacco rod of a combustible product such as a smoking article.
  • a combustible product such as a smoking article.
  • tobacco substitutes, filler material, diluents, binders, humectants, flavour or flavourants or aerosol generating material may be mixed with tobacco and the one or more isolated sugars, or with tobacco to which the one or more isolated sugars have been applied.
  • the term ‘diluent’ means a material which can be used to dilute the smokeable material. Examples include glycerol, solanesol, neophytadiene, 3-methylanisole, eugenol, 1-phenyl-1-pentanone, 2,3-dimethyl-4-ethylacetophenone, nicotinic acid, docosane, dotriacontane, eicosane, neophytadiene, heneicosane, hentriacontane, heptacosane, hexacosane, nonacosane, octacosane, pentacosane, pentatriacontane, squalene, tetracosane, tetratriacontane, triacetin, triacontane, triacosane and tritriacontane.
  • the term ‘aerosol generating material’ means a substance which, when incorporated into a smoking article rapidly creates or promotes an aerosol upon ignition of the article.
  • examples include polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol, propylene glycol and triethylene glycol; triethyl citrate, triacetin, or high boiling point hydrocarbons.
  • the terms ‘diluent’ and ‘aerosol generating material’ can be used interchangeably.
  • some substances/materials have the effect of both diluting the smokeable material, and rapidly creating or promoting an aerosol upon incorporation into and ignition of a smoking article. Examples of such materials are triacetin and glycerol.
  • flavour and “flavourant” refer to materials which, where local regulations permit, may be used to create a desired taste or aroma in a product for adult consumers. They may include extracts (e.g., licorice, hydrangea, Japanese white bark magnolia leaf, chamomile, fenugreek, clove, menthol, Japanese mint, aniseed, cinnamon, herb, wintergreen, cherry, berry, peach, apple, Drambuie, bourbon, scotch, whiskey, spearmint, peppermint, lavender, cardamon, celery, cascarilla, nutmeg, sandalwood, bergamot, geranium, honey essence, rose oil, vanilla, lemon oil, orange oil, cassia, caraway, cognac, jasmine, ylang-ylang, sage, fennel, piment, ginger, anise, coriander, coffee, or a mint oil from any species of the genus Mentha),
  • extracts e.g.,
  • the level of one or more TSNAs in smoke generated upon use of a smoking article into which a smokeable material according to the third aspect of the invention is incorporated is reduced compared to a control smoking article. In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNAs in smoke generated upon use of a smoking article into which a smokeable material according to the third aspect of the invention is incorporated is reduced by at least about 35%, at least about 40% or at least about 45% compared to a control smoking article.
  • the smokeable material comprises acacia gum in addition to the one or more isolated sugars.
  • the acacia gum may be in particulate or fragmented form.
  • the fragments or particles of acacia gum may be between 20 ⁇ m and 5 mm in diameter; between 100 ⁇ m and 4 mm in diameter; between 0.1 mm and 3.5 mm in diameter; between 0.5 mm and 2 mm in diameter; between 0.6 mm and 1.8 mm in diameter or between 0.7 mm and 1 mm in diameter.
  • the particles are around 0.8 mm (800 ⁇ m) in diameter.
  • the particles or fragments substantially comprise, or consist of acacia gum.
  • the acacia gum may be formed as a coating on one or more further aspects of the smokeable material. In some embodiments, the acacia gum is provided as a coating on the tobacco in the smokeable material.
  • the smokeable material comprises acacia gum in an amount between 10 mg and 675 mg per 750 mg smokeable material; between 50 mg and 300 mg per 750 mg smokeable material; or around 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220 or 230 mg per 750 mg smokeable material.
  • the application of one or more sugars to the smokeable material according to the first or second aspects of the invention, or the inclusion of one or more isolated sugars in the smokeable material according to the third aspect of the invention enables the level of acacia gum in the smokeable material to be reduced without affecting the level of TSNA reduction achieved. In some such embodiments, a reduction in the amount of acacia gum can improve handleability and taste of the smoking material.
  • Smokeable material according to the third aspect may be incorporated into a smoking article, such as a cigarette. Accordingly, in a fourth aspect, there is provided a smoking article comprising smokeable material according to the third aspect of the invention.
  • Smoking articles according to the present invention may conform to any size or dimensions known for smoking articles.
  • smoking articles according to the invention may comprise a coaxial core, comprising an inner core and outer annulus of smokeable materials, and wherein smokeable material according to the third aspect may be incorporated into either or both of the inner core or outer annulus.
  • the smoking article may comprise the same or different wrapper materials for the inner core and outer annulus.
  • Smoking articles typically comprise a filter at the mouth end, a rod which comprises smokeable material, and paper wrapped around the rod.
  • Smoking articles according to the present invention may comprise any filter configuration known in the art.
  • Filters for smoking articles typically comprise one or more of fibrous cellulose acetate, polypropylene material, polyethylene material, or gathered paper material.
  • a smoking article 1 comprising a filter 2 and a substantially cylindrical tobacco rod 3 , aligned with the filter 2 , such that one end of the tobacco rod 3 , abuts the end of the filter.
  • the tobacco rod 3 has a cut away area to demonstrate the location of the smokeable material and one or more isolated sugars.
  • the tobacco rod 3 is joined to the filter 2 by tipping paper in a conventional manner.
  • a smokeable sheet material for inclusion in a smoking article, the sheet material comprising a filler and one or more isolated sugars selected from the group consisting of arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, allose, altrose, gulose, idose, talose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, lyxose, ribose, ribulose, xylulose and derivatives thereof, including monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives.
  • the smokeable sheet material comprises at least 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10% isolated sugar(s) by weight.
  • the smokeable sheet material comprises at least 5%, 10%, 15% or 20% filler by weight. In some embodiments according to the fifth aspect, the smokeable sheet material comprises between 20% and 95% filler by weight. In some embodiments according to the fifth aspect, the smokeable 35 sheet material comprises about 25%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85% or 00% filler by weight.
  • by weight means by weight of the smokeable sheet material.
  • the resultant sheet is not overly brittle, thereby facilitating handling and processing.
  • the filler comprises one or more of a binder, a diluent and a filling agent, such as an inorganic filling agent.
  • binders examples include alginate, pectin, cellulose compounds, and hydrocolloid based compounds.
  • the term ‘diluent’ means a material which can be used to dilute the smokeable material. Examples include glycerol, solanesol, neophytadiene, 3-methylanisole, eugenol, 1-phenyl-1-pentanone, 2,3-dimethyl-4-ethylacetophenone, nicotinic acid, docosane, dotriacontane, eicosane, neophytadiene, heneicosane, hentriacontane, heptacosane, hexacosane, nonacosane, octacosane, pentacosane, pentatriacontane, squalene, tetracosane, tetratriacontane, triacetin, triacontane, triacosane and tritriacontane.
  • filling agents include calcium carbonate, perlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, colloidal silica, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulphate and magnesium carbonate.
  • the binder is an alginate, such as sodium alginate, and/or a gum such as acacia gum; the diluent is glycerol; and the filling agent is chalk.
  • the filler comprises one or more of an alginate, such as sodium alginate, a gum such as acacia gum, glycerol and chalk.
  • the filler comprises an alginate, such as sodium alginate or a gum such as acacia gum, chalk and glycerol.
  • the amount of sodium alginate is from about 5% to about 15% by weight of the sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of acacia gum is from about 5% to about 15% by weight of the sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk is from about 10% to about 50% by weight of the smokeable sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerol is from about 5% to about 25% by weight of the smokeable sheet material.
  • the amount of sodium alginate is about 7.5% by weight of the smokeable sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of acacia gum is about 7.5% by weight of the smokeable sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk is about 40% by weight of the smokeable sheet material. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerol is about 12.5% by weight of the smokeable sheet material.
  • the smokeable sheet material further comprises acacia gum, or further comprises additional acacia gum.
  • the smokeable sheet material may comprise around 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 40, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80 or 85% acacia gum by weight.
  • the smokeable sheet material does not comprise tobacco, or comprises tobacco at no more than 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1% or 0.5% by weight of the sheet material.
  • the smokeable sheet material does not comprise substantially solid or particulate matter of a size greater than 800 ⁇ m, 700 ⁇ m, 600 ⁇ m, 550 ⁇ m, 500 ⁇ m, 400 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m, 180 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m or 50 ⁇ m. In some embodiments, the smokeable sheet material does not comprise solid or particulate matter of a size substantially greater than 550 ⁇ m. In some embodiments, the smokeable sheet material does not comprise more than 5%, 4%, 3%, 2% or 1% by weight solid or particulate matter of a size substantially greater than 500 ⁇ m.
  • a method of preparing a sheet of smokeable material for inclusion in a smoking article comprises preparing, casting and drying a solution or slurry comprising a filler and one or more isolated sugars.
  • the amount of one or more isolated sugars in the solution is at least 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% by weight of the solid content of the solution.
  • solid content means all of the components (whether dispersible or dissolvable in the solvent), other than the solvent, comprising the sheet of smokeable material.
  • the solution may be prepared using an aqueous solvent.
  • the solvent may be water.
  • the water may be distilled or deionized water.
  • the solution further comprises a filler.
  • the filler comprises one or more of a binder, a diluent and a filling agent, such as an inorganic filling agent.
  • the binder is an alginate, such as sodium alginate and/or a gum such as acacia gum
  • the diluent is glycerol
  • the filling agent is chalk.
  • the filler comprises one or more of an alginate, such as sodium alginate and/or a gum such as acacia gum, glycerol and chalk.
  • the filler comprises acacia gum and/or an alginate, such as sodium alginate, glycerol and chalk.
  • the amount of sodium alginate in the solution is from about 5% to about 15% by weight of the solid content of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of acacia gum in the solution is from about 5% to about 15% by weight of the solid content of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk in the solution is from about 10% to about 50% by weight of the solid content of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerol is from about 5% to about 25% by weight of the solid content of the solution.
  • the amount of sodium alginate in the solution is about 7.5% by weight of the solid content of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of acacia gum in the solution is about 7.5% by weight of the solid content of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of chalk in the solution is about 40% by weight of the solid content of the solution. In some embodiments, the amount of glycerol is about 12.5% by weight of the solid content of the solution.
  • the amount of tobacco in the solution is no more than 40%, 35%, 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1% or 0.5% by weight of the solid content of the solution. In some embodiments, the solution does not comprise tobacco.
  • the solution further comprises a component, such as a binder, a diluent, a filling agent or tobacco, and one or more of these components is not soluble or is only partially soluble in the solvent, a slurry will be formed.
  • a component such as a binder, a diluent, a filling agent or tobacco
  • one or more of these components is not soluble or is only partially soluble in the solvent
  • the solvent is water
  • the slurry will be an aqueous slurry.
  • the prepared solution or slurry prior to casting does not comprise solid or particulate matter of a size greater than 800 ⁇ m, 700 ⁇ m, 600 ⁇ m, 550 ⁇ m, 500 ⁇ m, 400 ⁇ m, 200 ⁇ m, 180 ⁇ m, 100 ⁇ m or 50 ⁇ m.
  • the smokeable sheet material does not comprise substantially solid or particulate matter of a size greater than 550 ⁇ m.
  • the amount of solid or particulate matter of a size greater than 500 ⁇ m is no more than 5%, 4%, 3%, 2% or 1% by weight of the solid content of the solution.
  • one or more of the components may be prepared as one or more separate solutions or slurries, using the solvent, and then combined.
  • the solution or slurry may be prepared by mixing or blending one or more of the components with the solvent and then adding the additional components.
  • the components and/or solutions or slurries comprising the components may be prepared using a forceful blending means, such as high shear mixing means.
  • the solution or slurry may be cast using conventional means, for example on a casting sheet, and dried using conventional means and conditions, for example in an oven using a temperature of about 80° C. for about 90 minutes.
  • the resultant sheets may then be conditioned using conventional means, for example, a conditioning cabinet at about 60% relative humidity and 22° C. for up to about 24, or longer if required, for example, 48 hours.
  • the level of one or more TSNAs in smoke generated upon use of a smoking article into which a smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the invention is incorporated is reduced compared to a control smoking article. In some embodiments, the level of one or more TSNAs in smoke generated upon use of the smoking article into which a smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the invention is incorporated is reduced by at least about 35%, at least about 38% or at least about 40% or at least about 45% compared to a control smoking article.
  • the inclusion of one or more isolated sugars in a smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the invention enables the level of acacia gum in the smokeable sheet material to be reduced without affecting the level of TSNA reduction achieved.
  • a reduction in the amount of acacia gum can improve handleability and taste of the smoking sheet material, and, as a result, the smokeable material into which it is incorporated.
  • a smokeable sheet material comprising one or more isolated sugars may be incorporated into a smoking article, such as a cigarette. Accordingly, in a seventh aspect there is provided a smoking article comprising a smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect.
  • the smokeable sheet material is shredded, comminuted or otherwise reduced to a size suitable for incorporation into a smoking article. Size reduction may be achieved using conventional means, such as a shredder. The shredded sheet material may then be mixed with tobacco and/or other constituents of the smokeable material and incorporated into a smoking article.
  • the smokeable sheet material is located within the tobacco rod. In some embodiments, the smokeable sheet material is added to or combined with one or more other components of the smokeable material for incorporation into the tobacco rod. In some embodiments, the smokeable material for incorporation into the smoking rod of the smoking article comprises around 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19% or 20% w/w smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the invention.
  • the smokeable sheet material may be provided as a wrap or lining for other constituents of the smokeable material.
  • the smoking article according to a seventh aspect of the invention has a reduced level of one or more TSNAs in the mainstream smoke generated upon use of the articles.
  • the reduction in the level of one or more TSNAs achieved by a smoking article according to a seventh aspect of the invention is at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35%, at least about 40% or at least about 45% compared to a control smoking article.
  • the inclusion of a smokeable sheet material according to the fifth aspect of the invention enables the level of acacia gum incorporated in the smokeable material, in any form, to be reduced without affecting the level of TSNA reduction achieved.
  • a reduction in the amount of acacia gum can improve handleability and taste of the smoking material.
  • the effects upon the levels of TSNAs achieved by the present invention arise as a result of scavenging of TSNA precursors by the combustion products of the sugars, which thereby disrupts the TSNA synthesis route.
  • the observation that the reductions were greater than expected by reduction of NFDPM may indicate that synergistic effects could be occurring within the complex, dynamic combustion and/or pyrolysis processes occurring within the smoking article.
  • the observation that most of the reductions in TSNAs were greater than the reduction of nicotine indicates that the reductions in TSNAs are a result of more than simple dilution of the tobacco by the sugar.
  • the mechanism of TSNA reduction achieved by the inclusion of one or more sugars or one or more isolated sugars into smokeable material in the present invention may be different from the mechanism of TSNA reduction achieved by the inclusion of acacia gum into smokeable material. It is suggested that different kinetics may be involved in the respective reduction processes, which may result in different scavenging mechanisms, or changes in the pyrolytic profile of the smokeable material.
  • Treated tobacco was prepared by adding a solution of the chosen sugar or isolated sugar to cut rag tobacco.
  • Four different blends of tobacco were used: A, B, C and D.
  • the sugar was added to a container with reverse osmosis water in the amounts set out in Table A. The mixture was stirred until the sugar had dissolved (around 5 minutes).
  • the cut rag tobacco was put into a large rotating vessel such as a Double Cone Blender (DCB).
  • the sugar solution was poured through a sieve into a pressure pot attachment on the DCB.
  • the pot was placed under air pressure and the solution transferred to the DCB through tubing.
  • the solution entered the DCB via two fine spray nozzles whilst the DCB rotated to achieve even coating of sugar solution onto the tobacco. The process was continued until all the solution was applied.
  • a COMAS tobacco drier was used to remove the excess water from the resultant tobacco.
  • the tobacco was weighed and divided evenly between the drying trays in the tobacco drier.
  • a sample of cutrag was also taken and tested for moisture content to calculate an approximate drying time.
  • the COMAS was typically set to a temperature of 37.5° C.
  • Control tobacco simply comprised a comparable amount of the same blend of cut rag tobacco as used to prepare the corresponding treated tobacco.
  • the control tobacco did not undergo any additional processing as it had previously been established that treating tobacco with water alone followed by drying had no effect upon the mainstream smoke generated in comparison to comparable but untreated tobacco.
  • Cigarettes comprised standard 27 mm monoacetate filters, cigarette paper and tipping paper.
  • Cigarettes were prepared from tobacco blend A to which a 5% solution of Glucuronic acid, L-Rhamnose, L-Arabinose or D-Galactose had been applied as set out in Example 1 and Table 1, above. A Control using blend A was also prepared.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 demonstrate that cigarettes comprising tobacco blend A to which a 5% solution of Glucuronic acid, L-Rhamnose, L-Arabinose and D-Galactose had been applied had lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, and NNK than the comparable control.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 also demonstrate that cigarettes comprising tobacco blend A to which a 5% solution of L-Rhamnose, and L-Arabinose and D-Galactose had been applied had lower levels of nicotine than the comparable control.
  • the levels of NNN, NAT and NAB were reduced in cigarettes comprising tobacco blend A to which a 5% solution of Glucuronic acid, L-Rhamnose, L-Arabinose and D-Galactose had been applied to a greater extent than the reduction observed for NFDPM; and the level of NNK was reduced in cigarettes comprising tobacco blend A to which a 5% solution of Glucuronic acid, L-Rhamnose, and L-Arabinose had been applied to a greater extent than the reduction observed for NFDPM.
  • Cigarettes were prepared from tobacco blend A to which a 5% solution of invert sugar or a 10% solution of invert sugar or L-Arabinose had been applied as set out in Example 1 and Table 1, above. A control using blend A was also prepared.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 demonstrate that cigarettes comprising tobacco blend A to which a 5% solution of invert sugar, a 10% solution of invert sugar or a 10% solution of L-Arabinose had been applied all had lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, NNK and nicotine than the comparable control.
  • Cigarettes were prepared from tobacco blend B to which a 10% solution of L-Arabinose had been applied as set out in Example 1 and Table 1, above. A control using blend B was also prepared.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 demonstrate that cigarettes comprising tobacco blend B to which a solution of 10% L-Arabinose had been applied had lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, and NNK than the comparable control.
  • Cigarettes were prepared from tobacco blend C to which a 10% solution of L-Arabinose had been applied as set out in Example 1 and Table 1. A control using blend C was also prepared.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 demonstrate that cigarettes comprising tobacco blend C to which a 10% solution of L-Arabinose had been applied had lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB and NNK than the comparable control.
  • Cigarettes were prepared from tobacco blend D to which a 10% solution of L-Arabinose had been applied as set out in Example 1 and Table 1, above. A control using blend D was also prepared.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 demonstrate that cigarettes comprising tobacco blend D to which a 10% L-Arabinose solution had been applied had lower levels of NNN, NAT, NAB, NNK and nicotine than the comparable control.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
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GBGB1800472.1A GB201800472D0 (en) 2018-01-11 2018-01-11 Material for inclusion in a smoking article
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WO2019138240A1 (en) 2019-07-18
GB201800472D0 (en) 2018-02-28
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KR20240011887A (ko) 2024-01-26
JP2021510297A (ja) 2021-04-22

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