US20200147661A1 - Bridge Tool for Producing Extruded Profiled Elements of Varying Cross-Section - Google Patents

Bridge Tool for Producing Extruded Profiled Elements of Varying Cross-Section Download PDF

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Publication number
US20200147661A1
US20200147661A1 US16/625,879 US201816625879A US2020147661A1 US 20200147661 A1 US20200147661 A1 US 20200147661A1 US 201816625879 A US201816625879 A US 201816625879A US 2020147661 A1 US2020147661 A1 US 2020147661A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
mandrel
bridge
wedge
inner displacement
shaped element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US16/625,879
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English (en)
Inventor
Sören Müller
Maik Negendank
Vidal Sanabria
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Berlin
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Technische Universitaet Berlin
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US20200147661A1 publication Critical patent/US20200147661A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B21C25/08—Dies or mandrels with section variable during extruding, e.g. for making tapered work; Controlling variation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
    • B21C23/085—Making tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/217—Tube extrusion presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B21C25/04—Mandrels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bridge-die tool for producing extruded profiles of varying cross section.
  • Extrusion is a forming process for producing different geometries, in particular rods or bars, tubes and profiles.
  • a billet which has been heated to forming temperature is pushed through a bridge die by a ram.
  • the block here is enclosed by a container.
  • the outer shape of the extruded section is determined here by the bridge die.
  • the ram pushes the block along the inner surface of the container in the direction of the bridge die.
  • the container is closed at one end and the bridge die, which is located on the head of a hollow ram, is pressed onto the block from the other end.
  • the extruded section passes through the bore in the ram.
  • the diameter of said bore therefore delimits the circumscribing circle of the profile cross section.
  • the extruding force is applied to the block not directly by the ram, but via an active medium (water or oil).
  • Complex hollow profiles made of light metal can be produced by means of direct extrusion using porthole-die or bridge-die tools, wherein the bridge-die tools comprise a bridge-die part and a mandrel part.
  • the outer contour here, as already explained, is determined by the bridge die and the inner shaping is determined by the mandrel.
  • the mandrel itself here rather than being connected directly to the extrusion press, is connected to the mandrel part of the tool via carrying arms or bridges.
  • the block itself first of all, is split into sub-sections by the entry chambers made in the mandrel part and, thereafter, is brought back together again, at high pressure and temperature, in the welding chamber of the bridge die.
  • the bridge-die tools here are subjected to extreme mechanical and thermal stressing, which is problematic in particular on the mandrel-carrying arms. It is also possible for fracturing to occur as a result of notch stressing at the roots of the mandrel.
  • DE 10 02 18 81 A1 teaches an extrusion apparatus in which a mandrel is designed such that it can be altered in the axial extruding direction and which has different cross sections in its end region.
  • annular gap of different diameter is formed for the purpose of forming different profile cross sections.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and, in particular, to provide an apparatus in order to produce profiles of a variable cross section with a high level of precision, since it is only such a high level of precision which can effectively avoid over-dimensioning of the profiles, wherein the apparatus is, as it were, designed, and intended, to withstand the thermomechanical stressing to an optimum extent.
  • a bridge-die tool for an apparatus for the direct extrusion of hollow profiles of variable wall thickness comprising a bridge die and at least one mandrel element having a first end, which is directed toward the bridge-die opening, and a second end, which is located opposite the first end, wherein the outer contour of a hollow profile is defined by the geometry of the bridge-die opening and the inner cross section of a hollow profile is defined by at least one mandrel element, wherein the at least one mandrel element has at least one cutout, in which an inner displacement mandrel is mounted in an axially movable manner, wherein the inner displacement mandrel has different cross sections in its first end region, which is directed toward the first end of the mandrel element.
  • the invention here is based on the surprising finding that it is possible to produce hollow profiles of varying internal diameter when the mandrel is constructed in a number of parts, wherein a movable inner displacement mandrel with different cross sections at its end regions is included, and the axial movement of said displacement mandrel results in the inner cross section of the hollow profile being altered.
  • the inner displacement mandrel can have the smallest cross section at its first end, and therefore an axial displacement of the inner displacement mandrel in the direction of the bridge die, or into the bridge die, results in a smaller wall thickness of the hollow profile, since the shaping gap between the inner displacement mandrel and bridge die decreases.
  • the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome here as a result of the mandrel being in at least two parts.
  • the inner displacement mandrel can be brought into operative connection with drive elements by means of connecting elements, via short lever arms, in order for said displacement mandrel to be displaced axially, oscillation of the mandrel therefore being minimized. Provision can also be made for oscillation of the inner displacement mandrel to be more or less prevented altogether as a result of specific guide elements.
  • the inner displacement mandrel according to the invention therefore provides for hollow profiles of varying cross section to be produced with a high level of precision.
  • An axial displacement here basically describes a displacement in the extruding direction, or parallel to the extruding direction, and a radial displacement describes a radial displacement relative to the extruding direction.
  • the mandrel element can comprise at least one second axial cutout, which extends axially along the second end region of the inner displacement mandrel, said second end region being located opposite the first end region of the inner displacement mandrel, wherein a transverse slide which is arranged, in particular more or less, perpendicularly to the at least one mandrel element is included and is introduced, at least in part, into the at least one second cutout, and wherein the transverse slide is in operative connection with the inner displacement mandrel, in particular is fixed to the inner displacement mandrel.
  • a transverse slide according to the invention can be used for transmitting force from a drive device to the inner displacement mandrel, wherein the drive device can be arranged preferably outside the actual bridge-die tool, for example on the outer wall of the container or of the holder of the bridge-die tool.
  • the transverse slide can be brought into operative connection, or is in operative connection, with at least one drive device directly or by means of at least one crossmember, wherein the drive device is designed, and intended, to move the transverse slide and the inner displacement mandrel in the axial direction.
  • a crossmember is arranged, in addition, between the drive device and the transverse slide.
  • a first crossmember is arranged at a first radial end of the transverse slide and a second crossmember is arranged at a second radial end of the transverse slide, said second radial end being located opposite the first radial end, wherein the first crossmember can be brought into operative connection, or is in operative connection, with a first drive device and/or the second crossmember can be brought into operative connection, or is in operative connection, with a second drive device.
  • two crossmembers arranged at opposite ends of the transverse slide can result in uniform, parallel force transmission from the drive devices to the inner displacement mandrel and, at the same time, prevent skewing of the latter.
  • provision can also be made so that, instead of a second drive device being present, the two crossmembers can be connected, or are connected, to a single drive device.
  • first and/or the second drive device prefferably be designed in the form of a linear drive, in particular in the form of a hydraulic cylinder.
  • hydraulic cylinders have proven particularly suitable for producing a linear force, in order to provide for an axial displacement of the inner displacement mandrel.
  • the inner displacement mandrel can also be advantageous, according to one embodiment of the invention, for the inner displacement mandrel to have a trapezoidal or triangular cross section, in part, in the region of its first end, as seen in the axial direction.
  • the present invention is not restricted here to the trapezoidal or triangular cross sections given by way of example. Rather, the cross section is determined in dependence on the number of movable displacement elements.
  • the interior angle or angle of gradient ⁇ of the trapezoidal or triangular cross section a value ranging from 5 to 25°, preferably from 8 to 15°, particularly preferably of 10°. It is possible here for the optimum angle to be adapted/selected according to the invention, even outside the preferred ranges, in accordance with the drive and/or the amount of installation space available for minimizing the amount of force required (small angle, long displacement distance) or for minimizing the amount of installation space (large angle, short displacement distance).
  • the invention in addition to the radially movable inner displacement mandrel, use can be made, for the purpose of altering the inner cross section of a hollow profile, of at least one wedge-shaped element, of which the radial displacement relative to the inner displacement mandrel directly influences the wall thickness of the hollow profile.
  • more or less free design capability in respect of the at least one wedge-shaped element also irrespective of the geometry of the inner displacement mandrel, allows the inner cross section and the wall thickness of the hollow profile to be varied.
  • the wedge-shaped element can have different base surfaces and the acute angle of the wedge can be formed from two or more sides.
  • At least one second wedge-shaped element is arranged in mirror-symmetrical fashion in relation to the first wedge-shaped element on that side of the inner displacement mandrel which is located opposite the first wedge-shaped element.
  • the at least one wedge-shaped element is advantageously connected to the mandrel element by means of a first dovetail guide, wherein the at least one first dovetail guide provides for movement of the at least one wedge-shaped element exclusively in the radial direction, wherein the dovetail guide is formed in particular by the mandrel element and the at least one wedge-shaped element.
  • a first dovetail guide provides for the at least one wedge-shaped element to be movable exclusively in the radial direction, but not in the axial direction. This results in particular, in the situation where an axial movement of the inner displacement mandrel with its axially varying cross section results exclusively in a radial movement of the at least one wedge-shaped element. Furthermore, skewing of the wedge-shaped element is prevented and it is ensured that the action of the axial movement of the inner displacement mandrel being converted into the radial movement of the at least one wedge-shaped element can be reproduced.
  • the inner displacement mandrel and the at least one wedge-shaped element prefferably be connected by means of an axially formed second dovetail guide, and therefore an axial movement of the inner displacement mandrel is converted into a radial movement of the at least one wedge-shaped element.
  • the second dovetail guide according to the invention provides, in particular, the advantage that there is a reliable connection between the inner displacement mandrel and the at least one wedge-shaped element. Furthermore, the second dovetail guide is particularly advantageous since it ensures not only that, upon movement of the inner displacement mandrel in the direction of, or into, the bridge die, the at least one wedge-shaped element moves radially outward, but also that, upon movement of the inner displacement mandrel in the opposite direction, tensile forces act on the at least one wedge-shaped element in order to reduce the radial spreading action of the wedge-shaped element.
  • the invention also provides a direct-extrusion apparatus comprising a bridge-die tool according to the invention.
  • the invention provides for the use of a bridge-die tool according to the invention so that one or more extruded profiles of cross sections which vary in the extruding direction are produced in a direct-extrusion apparatus.
  • the invention is therefore based on the surprising finding that it is possible to alter the profile wall thicknesses during the extrusion process, while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art, in that an inner displacement mandrel can be displaced axially by means of a transverse slide, which in turn is connected to linear drives by means of two oppositely located crossmembers. If the transverse slide is moved axially, it is therefore the case that, as it were, the inner displacement mandrel is displaced in the axial extruding direction.
  • the wedge-shaped elements here, which are optionally in operative connection with the inner displacement mandrel, deflect said axial movement, preferably by means of a second dovetail guide, into a radial movement, which is arranged perpendicularly to the axial movement. This results in the wedge-shaped element or elements spreading apart and, on the basis of this wedge movement, the shaping gap between the wedge-shaped element and bridge die is reduced and, consequently, the wall thickness of the hollow profile is reduced.
  • the linear drives are displaced into the starting position again, that is to say counter to the extruding direction.
  • This movement also pulls back the crossmembers, including the transverse slide.
  • said displacement is transmitted, via the optional second dovetail guide, to the wedge-shaped element or elements, and therefore these move radially in the direction of the inner displacement mandrel.
  • the shaping gap is increased again as a result.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of one embodiment of a bridge-die tool according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the bridge-die tool according FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic side view, in section, of the bridge-die tool according to FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of one embodiment of a mandrel element of a bridge-die tool according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of one embodiment of a bridge-die tool according to the invention.
  • the latter comprises a container 1 , on the outer sides of which are arranged two linear drives 2 in the form of hydraulic cylinders.
  • Each of the linear drives 2 here is connected to a crossmember 3 , the crossmembers terminating on two opposite sides of a transverse slide 4 and being connected to the latter in a form-fitting manner.
  • the gap between a mandrel element 5 and the bridge die 6 here defines the wall thickness of the hollow profiles which are to be produced.
  • the bridge die 6 here is fastened on a pressure-exerting plate 7 .
  • the mandrel element 5 here additionally comprises wedge-shaped elements 8 and also an inner displacement mandrel 9 .
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a plan view, in section, of the bridge-die tool according to FIG. 1 .
  • the inner displacement mandrel 9 here is arranged in a first cutout 10 , which extends in the axial direction and is adjoined by two second cutouts 11 for the transverse slide 4 . Movement of the linear drives 2 results in displacement of the crossmembers 3 and of the transverse slide 4 , and therefore of the inner displacement mandrel 9 , in the radial direction.
  • This axial displacement of the inner displacement mandrel 9 here results in a radial movement of the wedge-shaped elements 9 , and therefore in alteration of the gap between the mandrel element 5 and the bridge die 6 .
  • This alteration in the gap results in the cross section of the hollow profile which is to be produced altering.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in addition, two first dovetail guide 13 for the wedge-shaped elements 8 and also two second dovetail guides 14 .
  • Said first dovetail guides 13 ensure that the wedge-shaped elements 8 can move exclusively in the radial direction
  • the second dovetail guides 14 mean that, alongside radially outwardly acting compressive forces, during displacement of the inner displacement mandrel 9 , also tensile forces can be transmitted from the inner displacement mandrel 9 also the wedge-shaped elements 8 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
US16/625,879 2017-06-28 2018-06-26 Bridge Tool for Producing Extruded Profiled Elements of Varying Cross-Section Abandoned US20200147661A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017114371.8A DE102017114371A1 (de) 2017-06-28 2017-06-28 Brückenwerkzeug zur erzeugung von strangpressprofilen mit variierendem querschnitt
DE102017114371.8 2017-06-28
PCT/DE2018/100586 WO2019001635A1 (de) 2017-06-28 2018-06-26 Brückenwerkzeug zur erzeugung von strangpressprofilen mit variierendem querschnitt

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20200147661A1 true US20200147661A1 (en) 2020-05-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US16/625,879 Abandoned US20200147661A1 (en) 2017-06-28 2018-06-26 Bridge Tool for Producing Extruded Profiled Elements of Varying Cross-Section

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US (1) US20200147661A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3645183B1 (de)
CN (1) CN110891704B (de)
DE (1) DE102017114371A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2019001635A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113020309B (zh) * 2021-04-14 2023-01-20 烟台大学 一种挤压速率、挤压温度和挤压比可连续变化的梯度热挤压装置

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4053274A (en) * 1975-01-28 1977-10-11 Lemelson Jerome H Tube wall forming apparatus
US3997176A (en) * 1975-09-19 1976-12-14 Borg-Warner Corporation Expansible mandrel
JPS57130719A (en) * 1981-02-02 1982-08-13 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Hot extrusion forming method for inside stepped tube
JPH0531525A (ja) * 1991-07-26 1993-02-09 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd 耐摩耗性アルミニウム合金中空材の押出製造方法
JP3328409B2 (ja) * 1994-01-14 2002-09-24 新日本製鐵株式会社 可変断面押出用ダイスまたは中子
US5836197A (en) * 1996-12-16 1998-11-17 Mckee Machine Tool Corp. Integral machine tool assemblies
DE10021881A1 (de) 2000-05-05 2001-11-15 Honsel Profilprodukte Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Strangpreßprofilen
JP4386322B2 (ja) * 2001-01-31 2009-12-16 本田技研工業株式会社 異形断面を有する管材の押出成形方法および管材押出成形用ダイス
JP4285053B2 (ja) * 2003-04-11 2009-06-24 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 高寸法精度管およびその製造方法
CN102500632B (zh) * 2011-09-30 2014-11-05 南京理工大学 利用劈尖原理实现管材高压切变的方法及其装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019001635A1 (de) 2019-01-03
CN110891704B (zh) 2022-04-22
CN110891704A (zh) 2020-03-17
DE102017114371A1 (de) 2019-01-03
EP3645183A1 (de) 2020-05-06
EP3645183B1 (de) 2024-04-03

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