US20190352861A1 - Extruded, polymeric underlayment pads - Google Patents
Extruded, polymeric underlayment pads Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20190352861A1 US20190352861A1 US16/527,193 US201916527193A US2019352861A1 US 20190352861 A1 US20190352861 A1 US 20190352861A1 US 201916527193 A US201916527193 A US 201916527193A US 2019352861 A1 US2019352861 A1 US 2019352861A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pad
- rubber
- extruded
- polymeric
- underlayment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006169 Perfluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005560 fluorosilicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006168 hydrated nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000306 polymethylpentene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011116 polymethylpentene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C13/045—Pavings made of prefabricated single units the prefabricated single units consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/02—Foundations, e.g. with drainage or heating arrangements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L23/00—Cleaning footwear
- A47L23/22—Devices or implements resting on the floor for removing mud, dirt, or dust from footwear
- A47L23/24—Rigid cleaning-gratings; Tread plates or scrapers for cleaning the soles of footwear
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L23/00—Cleaning footwear
- A47L23/22—Devices or implements resting on the floor for removing mud, dirt, or dust from footwear
- A47L23/26—Mats or gratings combined with brushes ; Mats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L23/00—Cleaning footwear
- A47L23/22—Devices or implements resting on the floor for removing mud, dirt, or dust from footwear
- A47L23/26—Mats or gratings combined with brushes ; Mats
- A47L23/266—Mats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H33/00—Other toys
- A63H33/04—Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H33/00—Other toys
- A63H33/04—Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts
- A63H33/06—Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts to be assembled without the use of additional elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H33/00—Other toys
- A63H33/04—Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts
- A63H33/06—Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts to be assembled without the use of additional elements
- A63H33/08—Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts to be assembled without the use of additional elements provided with complementary holes, grooves, or protuberances, e.g. dovetails
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C2201/00—Paving elements
- E01C2201/16—Elements joined together
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02161—Floor elements with grooved main surface
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02172—Floor elements with an anti-skid main surface, other than with grooves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/373—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape
- F16F1/3737—Planar, e.g. in sheet form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/373—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape
- F16F1/376—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by having a particular shape having projections, studs, serrations or the like on at least one surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
- Y10T428/2457—Parallel ribs and/or grooves
Definitions
- Pads are utilized to absorb and/or divert various types of energy and/or substances.
- One aspect of the invention provides a pad including: a substrate; a first plurality of parallel ridges extending from a first side of the substrate, the first plurality of parallel ridges terminating in longitudinal alternating bevels; and a second plurality of parallel ridges extending from a second side of the substrate.
- the second plurality of parallel ridges can have substantially identical profiles terminating in an isosceles triangle.
- the isosceles triangle can be an equilateral triangle.
- the first plurality of parallel ridges can be offset from the second plurality of parallel ridges so that the substrate under the first plurality of ridges can deflect to absorb a load applied to one or more of the first plurality of parallel ridges.
- the longitudinal alternating bevels can have an angle with respect to a surface of the substrate of about 30°.
- Two edges of the substrate parallel to the first plurality of parallel ridges and the second plurality of parallel edges can include complementary slots and ridges extending in substantially the same direction as the first plurality of parallel ridges, wherein the complementary slots and ridges are adapted and configured to produce a uniform height as the first plurality of ridges upon mating.
- the pad can be extruded.
- the pad can include an extruded polyolefin composite.
- the polyolefin composite can include post-consumer tire particles.
- the polyolefin can be polyethylene.
- the pad can be sufficiently compliant so as to lie against an underlying surface.
- the pad can be sufficiently compliant so as to conform to an underlying surface.
- At least one of the first plurality of parallel ridges and second plurality of parallel ridges can include periodic breaks allowing water to traverse the ridges.
- FIGS. 1A-1F depict cross-sectional views of pads according to embodiments of the invention.
- FIG. 1G provides a perspective view of a pad according to embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS. 1H and 1I depict top views of pads having staggered drainage notches according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS. 1J and 1K depict top and side cross-sectional views of pad seams according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B depict side views of a pad according to an embodiment of the invention as installed over a prepared surface as underlayment for an artificial turf football field.
- the prototype pad is black, embodiments of the invention can be produced in any desired color.
- FIGS. 3A-3C depict pads having intersecting ridges according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the term “about” is understood as within a range of normal tolerance in the art, for example within 2 standard deviations of the mean. “About” can be understood as within 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0.05%, or 0.01% of the stated value. Unless otherwise clear from context, all numerical values provided herein are modified by the term about.
- Ranges provided herein are understood to be shorthand for all of the values within the range.
- a range of 1 to 50 is understood to include any number, combination of numbers, or sub-range from the group consisting 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, or 50 (as well as fractions thereof unless the context clearly dictates otherwise).
- pads including, but not limited to, connectable pads
- One aspect of the invention provides pads (including, but not limited to, connectable pads) that are useful, for example, in absorbing and/or diverting various types of energy and/or substances.
- FIG. 1A one aspect of the invention provides an impact absorbing pad 100 that can be utilized, for example, under various sports playing surfaces such as artificial turf fields, hard courts, and the like and/or on playgrounds (either under other surfaces or as a top surface).
- FIG. 1A depicts a cross-section of the pad 100 in which the structure of the substrate 102 , upper parallel ridges 104 , and lower parallel ridges 106 can be most clearly viewed.
- the substrate 102 can be substantially flat, textured, or have other geometric features beyond the upper parallel ridges 104 and lower parallel ridges 106 .
- the upper parallel ridges 104 can have a variety of geometries. In one embodiment, the upper parallel ridges 104 terminate in longitudinally alternating bevels 108 a , 108 b . As depicted in FIG. 1B , when pressure P is applied to the upper parallel ridges 104 , the upper parallel ridges 104 will deform toward the high side of the longitudinally alternating bevels 108 a , 108 b . This alternating deformation pattern allows for impact absorption without racking or shifting of the pad 100 and/or any material 110 overlaying the pad 100 .
- the longitudinally alternating bevels 108 a , 108 b have an angle of about 30° with respect to a surface of the substrate of about 60° with respect to the vertical upper parallel ridges 104 .
- angles can be utilized.
- the angles are symmetrical so that parallel deformation of the ridges will occur.
- the lower parallel ridges 106 can have a variety of geometries.
- the lower parallel ridges 106 have substantially identical profiles.
- the profiles approximate and/or terminate in a triangle as depicted in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2B .
- the triangle can be an isosceles triangle, preferably in which both angles relative to the substrate 102 are identical or substantially identical.
- the two downward-sloping faces of the triangular profile meet at a 60° angle.
- the lower parallel ridges 106 have a substantially rectangular profile as depicted in FIGS. 1C and 1G or a beveled profile as depicted in FIG. 1E .
- the upper parallel ridges 104 can be offset from the lower parallel ridges 106 so that substrate 102 under the upper parallel ridges 104 can deflect, bend, or sag to absorb impact applied to the upper parallel ridges 104 .
- the upper parallel ridges 104 can be positioned over the lower parallel ridges 106 .
- this embodiment of an impact-absorbing pad achieves the same impact attenuation (Gmax) as conventional pads having three times the thickness.
- the pad 100 can include one or more complementary edges 112 , adapted and configured for coupling with another pad.
- the joined edges have the same height when coupled as the upper parallel ridges 104 .
- a male edge 112 a includes one or more ridges 114 a , 114 b that are adapted and configured to engage with one or more complementary grooves 116 a , 116 b on a female edge 112 b .
- the ridges 114 a , 114 b and/or grooves 116 a , 116 b can be outwardly angled as depicted in FIGS. 1A and 1D .
- the ridges 114 can include one or more bosses 118 as depicted in FIGS. 1J and 1K .
- the pad 100 is impermeable or substantially impermeable to water and is useful in the construction of artificial playing surfaces and in the construction of flooring and walls. Additionally or alternatively, the pad's resistance to moisture and configurability of ridges 104 , 106 make the pad suitable for a lightweight replacement for heavy cementitious backer board used as a substrate for tile surfaces or for use as an underlayment for patio stones or pavers.
- one or more drainage holes are provided through the substrate for drainage through the pad.
- one or more notches are periodically provided along one or more of the ridges in order to allow fluid to cross between the ridges in the event that a groove between two ridges becomes blocked or restricted.
- FIG. 1H depicts one embodiment of such a pad in which notches are staggered across ridges and are positioned at about 568 cm intervals on any ridge.
- FIG. 1I depicts another embodiment of the invention in which notches are provided at more regular intervals (e.g., with every other ridge broken) in certain lateral positions.
- FIGS. 3A-3C another embodiment of the invention provides intersecting ridges 302 , 304 that can form a waffled profile on one or more surfaces of a pad. Such embodiments may be particularly useful for interior applications where drainage is not required, but where sound insulation is desired. Various notches and holes can be provided through the ridges 302 , 304 and/or the pad as described herein to facilitate drainage and/or ventilation.
- the pad can be extruded or can be manufacturing using molding, machining, or other techniques.
- the pad comprises a polymer such as a polyolefins (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polybutene-1, polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, and the like), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, fluorocarbon rubber, perfluoroelastomer, silicone rubber, fluorosilicone rubber, chloroprene rubber, neoprene rubber, polyester urethane, polyether urethane, natural rubber, polyacrylate rubber, ethylene acrylic, styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene oxide epichlorodrine rubber, chlorosulfonated polytethylene, butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, and the like.
- a polyolefins e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polybuten
- the pad is a composite such as a polymeric composite.
- Suitable matrices include resins such as polyolefins (e.g., polyethylene).
- Suitable reinforcements include recycled materials such as post-consumer tire particles, engineered recycled rubber particles (ERRP), and the like.
- the pad can be delivered in a roll that can be unrolled and coupled to other unrolled pads to underlay an artificial turf surface.
- Such embodiments can be sufficiently compliant to lay flat and/or conform to the underlying prepared surface, which may be crowned, sloped, or have irregularities.
- the pad can be provided as relatively stiff sheets (e.g., 4′ ⁇ 4′ or 4′ ⁇ 8′ sheets) for mounting on a wall (e.g., with screws, nails, or other fasteners) prior to covering with wallboard (e.g., drywall, plasterboard, blueboard, and the like), tile, or other surfaces.
- Embodiments of the invention can contain or contain attachment points, grooves, or channels for accommodating heating and/or cooling elements.
- Exemplary elements include cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) tubing or copper tubing through which a heated or cooled fluid flows and Ohmic or resistive heating elements such as wires through which electricity flows.
- PEX polyethylene
- Ohmic or resistive heating elements such as wires through which electricity flows.
- embodiments of the invention have been described in the context of impact absorbing pads, the principles described herein can be utilized in other applications such as residential, commercial, or industrial flooring underlayment, soundproofing, artificial turf for landscaping, wrapping of non-leaking pipeline defects, impermeable barriers for use in “green roofs” that are partially completely covered with vegetation, ground protection during construction, oil and gas drilling, and the like.
- embodiments of the pads described herein can be placed over piping and conduit to protect against corrosion from poured concrete and can be placed under poured concrete slabs or on walls to provide insulation, soundproofing, and a vapor barrier.
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Abstract
Description
- This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/959,529, filed Dec. 4, 2015, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/160,562, filed May 12, 2015. The entire content of these applications is hereby incorporated by reference herein.
- Pads are utilized to absorb and/or divert various types of energy and/or substances.
- One aspect of the invention provides a pad including: a substrate; a first plurality of parallel ridges extending from a first side of the substrate, the first plurality of parallel ridges terminating in longitudinal alternating bevels; and a second plurality of parallel ridges extending from a second side of the substrate.
- This aspect of the invention can have a variety of embodiments. The second plurality of parallel ridges can have substantially identical profiles terminating in an isosceles triangle. The isosceles triangle can be an equilateral triangle.
- The first plurality of parallel ridges can be offset from the second plurality of parallel ridges so that the substrate under the first plurality of ridges can deflect to absorb a load applied to one or more of the first plurality of parallel ridges.
- The longitudinal alternating bevels can have an angle with respect to a surface of the substrate of about 30°.
- Two edges of the substrate parallel to the first plurality of parallel ridges and the second plurality of parallel edges can include complementary slots and ridges extending in substantially the same direction as the first plurality of parallel ridges, wherein the complementary slots and ridges are adapted and configured to produce a uniform height as the first plurality of ridges upon mating.
- The pad can be extruded. The pad can include an extruded polyolefin composite. The polyolefin composite can include post-consumer tire particles. The polyolefin can be polyethylene.
- The pad can be sufficiently compliant so as to lie against an underlying surface. The pad can be sufficiently compliant so as to conform to an underlying surface.
- At least one of the first plurality of parallel ridges and second plurality of parallel ridges can include periodic breaks allowing water to traverse the ridges.
- For a fuller understanding of the nature and desired objects of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing figures wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts throughout the several views. Any dimensions depicted are exemplary and should not be deemed to exclude the use of other dimensions, either of the same or different proportions.
-
FIGS. 1A-1F depict cross-sectional views of pads according to embodiments of the invention. -
FIG. 1G provides a perspective view of a pad according to embodiment of the invention. -
FIGS. 1H and 1I depict top views of pads having staggered drainage notches according to an embodiment of the invention. -
FIGS. 1J and 1K depict top and side cross-sectional views of pad seams according to an embodiment of the invention. -
FIGS. 2A and 2B depict side views of a pad according to an embodiment of the invention as installed over a prepared surface as underlayment for an artificial turf football field. Although the prototype pad is black, embodiments of the invention can be produced in any desired color. -
FIGS. 3A-3C depict pads having intersecting ridges according to an embodiment of the invention. - The instant invention is most clearly understood with reference to the following definitions:
- As used herein, the singular form “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
- Unless specifically stated or obvious from context, as used herein, the term “about” is understood as within a range of normal tolerance in the art, for example within 2 standard deviations of the mean. “About” can be understood as within 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0.05%, or 0.01% of the stated value. Unless otherwise clear from context, all numerical values provided herein are modified by the term about.
- As used in the specification and claims, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “containing,” “having,” and the like can have the meaning ascribed to them in U.S. patent law and can mean “includes,” “including,” and the like.
- Unless specifically stated or obvious from context, the term “or,” as used herein, is understood to be inclusive.
- Ranges provided herein are understood to be shorthand for all of the values within the range. For example, a range of 1 to 50 is understood to include any number, combination of numbers, or sub-range from the group consisting 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, or 50 (as well as fractions thereof unless the context clearly dictates otherwise).
- One aspect of the invention provides pads (including, but not limited to, connectable pads) that are useful, for example, in absorbing and/or diverting various types of energy and/or substances.
- Referring now to
FIG. 1A , one aspect of the invention provides an impact absorbing pad 100 that can be utilized, for example, under various sports playing surfaces such as artificial turf fields, hard courts, and the like and/or on playgrounds (either under other surfaces or as a top surface).FIG. 1A depicts a cross-section of the pad 100 in which the structure of thesubstrate 102, upperparallel ridges 104, and lowerparallel ridges 106 can be most clearly viewed. - The
substrate 102 can be substantially flat, textured, or have other geometric features beyond the upperparallel ridges 104 and lowerparallel ridges 106. - The upper
parallel ridges 104 can have a variety of geometries. In one embodiment, the upperparallel ridges 104 terminate in longitudinallyalternating bevels FIG. 1B , when pressure P is applied to the upperparallel ridges 104, the upperparallel ridges 104 will deform toward the high side of the longitudinallyalternating bevels material 110 overlaying the pad 100. - In some embodiments, the longitudinally
alternating bevels parallel ridges 104. However, other angles can be utilized. Preferably, the angles are symmetrical so that parallel deformation of the ridges will occur. - The lower
parallel ridges 106 can have a variety of geometries. In one embodiment, the lowerparallel ridges 106 have substantially identical profiles. In one embodiment, the profiles approximate and/or terminate in a triangle as depicted inFIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2B . The triangle can be an isosceles triangle, preferably in which both angles relative to thesubstrate 102 are identical or substantially identical. In one embodiment, the two downward-sloping faces of the triangular profile meet at a 60° angle. In other embodiments, the lowerparallel ridges 106 have a substantially rectangular profile as depicted inFIGS. 1C and 1G or a beveled profile as depicted inFIG. 1E . - Although distinct upper
parallel ridges 104 and lowerparallel ridges 106 are depicted in many of the drawings herein, other embodiments have identical parallel ridges on both sides of asubstrate 102, only have ridges on one side of a substrate, or do not have any ridges. - The upper
parallel ridges 104 can be offset from the lowerparallel ridges 106 so thatsubstrate 102 under the upperparallel ridges 104 can deflect, bend, or sag to absorb impact applied to the upperparallel ridges 104. Alternatively, the upperparallel ridges 104 can be positioned over the lowerparallel ridges 106. - As a result of the design features described herein, this embodiment of an impact-absorbing pad achieves the same impact attenuation (Gmax) as conventional pads having three times the thickness.
- Referring to
FIGS. 1A, 1D-1F, 1J, and 1K , the pad 100 can include one or more complementary edges 112, adapted and configured for coupling with another pad. Preferably, the joined edges have the same height when coupled as the upperparallel ridges 104. In one embodiment, amale edge 112 a includes one ormore ridges complementary grooves female edge 112 b. Theridges grooves FIGS. 1A and 1D . In another embodiment, theridges 114 can include one ormore bosses 118 as depicted inFIGS. 1J and 1K . - In one embodiment of the invention, the pad 100 is impermeable or substantially impermeable to water and is useful in the construction of artificial playing surfaces and in the construction of flooring and walls. Additionally or alternatively, the pad's resistance to moisture and configurability of
ridges - In some embodiments, one or more drainage holes are provided through the substrate for drainage through the pad. In other embodiments, one or more notches are periodically provided along one or more of the ridges in order to allow fluid to cross between the ridges in the event that a groove between two ridges becomes blocked or restricted.
FIG. 1H depicts one embodiment of such a pad in which notches are staggered across ridges and are positioned at about 568 cm intervals on any ridge.FIG. 1I depicts another embodiment of the invention in which notches are provided at more regular intervals (e.g., with every other ridge broken) in certain lateral positions. - Referring now to
FIGS. 3A-3C , another embodiment of the invention provides intersectingridges ridges - The pad can be extruded or can be manufacturing using molding, machining, or other techniques.
- In one embodiment, the pad comprises a polymer such as a polyolefins (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene, polybutene-1, polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, and the like), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, hydrogenated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, fluorocarbon rubber, perfluoroelastomer, silicone rubber, fluorosilicone rubber, chloroprene rubber, neoprene rubber, polyester urethane, polyether urethane, natural rubber, polyacrylate rubber, ethylene acrylic, styrene-butadiene rubber, ethylene oxide epichlorodrine rubber, chlorosulfonated polytethylene, butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, and the like.
- In one embodiment, the pad is a composite such as a polymeric composite. Suitable matrices include resins such as polyolefins (e.g., polyethylene). Suitable reinforcements include recycled materials such as post-consumer tire particles, engineered recycled rubber particles (ERRP), and the like.
- The dimensions and/or properties of the pad can be configured to facilitate various form factors. For example, the pad can be delivered in a roll that can be unrolled and coupled to other unrolled pads to underlay an artificial turf surface. Such embodiments can be sufficiently compliant to lay flat and/or conform to the underlying prepared surface, which may be crowned, sloped, or have irregularities. In other embodiments, the pad can be provided as relatively stiff sheets (e.g., 4′×4′ or 4′×8′ sheets) for mounting on a wall (e.g., with screws, nails, or other fasteners) prior to covering with wallboard (e.g., drywall, plasterboard, blueboard, and the like), tile, or other surfaces.
- Embodiments of the invention can contain or contain attachment points, grooves, or channels for accommodating heating and/or cooling elements. Exemplary elements include cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) tubing or copper tubing through which a heated or cooled fluid flows and Ohmic or resistive heating elements such as wires through which electricity flows.
- Although embodiments of the invention have been described in the context of impact absorbing pads, the principles described herein can be utilized in other applications such as residential, commercial, or industrial flooring underlayment, soundproofing, artificial turf for landscaping, wrapping of non-leaking pipeline defects, impermeable barriers for use in “green roofs” that are partially completely covered with vegetation, ground protection during construction, oil and gas drilling, and the like. For example, embodiments of the pads described herein can be placed over piping and conduit to protect against corrosion from poured concrete and can be placed under poured concrete slabs or on walls to provide insulation, soundproofing, and a vapor barrier.
- Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described using specific terms, such description is for illustrative purposes only, and it is to be understood that changes and variations may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the following claims.
- The entire contents of all patents, published patent applications, and other references cited herein are hereby expressly incorporated herein in their entireties by reference.
Claims (9)
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US16/527,193 US20190352861A1 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2019-07-31 | Extruded, polymeric underlayment pads |
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US201562160562P | 2015-05-12 | 2015-05-12 | |
US14/959,529 US10400398B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2015-12-04 | Pads |
US16/527,193 US20190352861A1 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2019-07-31 | Extruded, polymeric underlayment pads |
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US14/959,529 Continuation US10400398B2 (en) | 2015-05-12 | 2015-12-04 | Pads |
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IT201700088145A1 (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2019-02-01 | Maria Giuseppe De | Mattress in waterproof plastic material for substrates of synthetic turf or flooring and the like. |
IT201900021243A1 (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-05-15 | Proge Plast Eng S R L | Mat for synthetic grass playing fields. |
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US20160333534A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
US10400398B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 |
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