US20190347919A1 - Thermochemical Temperature Indicators - Google Patents
Thermochemical Temperature Indicators Download PDFInfo
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- US20190347919A1 US20190347919A1 US16/519,630 US201916519630A US2019347919A1 US 20190347919 A1 US20190347919 A1 US 20190347919A1 US 201916519630 A US201916519630 A US 201916519630A US 2019347919 A1 US2019347919 A1 US 2019347919A1
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- Prior art keywords
- reservoir
- temperature
- washer
- pressure
- electrical
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/02—Mechanical actuation of the alarm, e.g. by the breaking of a wire
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K3/00—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
- G01K3/02—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving means values; giving integrated values
- G01K3/04—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature giving means values; giving integrated values in respect of time
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/02—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers
- G01K1/024—Means for indicating or recording specially adapted for thermometers for remote indication
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
- G01K5/32—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a fluid contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
- G01K5/32—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a fluid contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable
- G01K5/34—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a fluid contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable the body being a capsule
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K5/00—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material
- G01K5/32—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a fluid contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable
- G01K5/46—Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material the material being a fluid contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable with electric conversion means for final indication
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/06—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using melting, freezing, or softening
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
Abstract
A burst temperature indicator system for determining when an electrical contact or other component reaches a predetermined temperature. In operation, a trace material may disperse into a surrounding environment, and be detected, when the electrical component reaches a predetermined threshold temperature. One or more foil barriers may be ruptured or broken by temperature-induced gas pressure. According to another aspect of this disclosure, a rupture disk may be burst at a predetermined temperature to generate, or enable emission of, a light signal. According to another aspect, a rupture disk device acts as, or is associated with, an engine to drive one or more electro-mechanical and/or acoustic devices to signal the occurrence of a predetermined temperature.
Description
- This application is a Divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/786,972, filed Oct. 18, 2017, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/410,041, filed on Oct. 19, 2016, both of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
- The electric utility industry is adopting condition-based maintenance practices which dictate that maintenance should be performed only when there is data indicating an imminent adverse change in performance or failure. As a result, the industry is moving toward requiring systems for monitoring high-voltage electrical equipment and generating online performance information. Presently, however, there is no monitoring technology that can efficiently and effectively detect when a component within high-voltage electrical equipment overheats.
- A conventional method for condition assessment in high-voltage electrical equipment is dissolved gas analysis (“DGA”) where the amount and types of gases dissolved in oil are analyzed to identify a trend indicating that something within the oil has overheated. DGA is subjective, and the standards are unique to each utility. In contrast to the present disclosure, DGA, even online DGA, only provides an indication related to the accumulated build-up of certain gases that indicate the oil has been overheated, a result of the insulating oil coming into contact with the overheated component surfaces. In fact, it is understood that DGA is best at detecting the gases generated during the formation and accumulation of coking, a hard coal-like deposit that accumulates on the overheated surfaces of the component. DGA does not respond immediately when an electrical device reaches a threshold temperature.
- The present disclosure overcomes the disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art to a great extent by employing, among other things, a burst indicator which instantly provides an indication that the component to which it is attached (or associated with) is overheated. The devices, methods, and systems described herein may be used for online condition monitoring of components that commonly overheat within high-voltage electrical equipment. Information may be transmitted to a wireless, passively-powered device that provides an indication to a user that a monitored item has overheated. It may also be used for online monitoring of specific components within high-voltage electrical equipment and other oil-filled equipment.
- According to one aspect of this disclosure, a device is provided for responding to a threshold temperature of an electrical component. The device has, among other things, a first section, a reservoir, detectable material (e.g., a perfluorocarbon) located within the reservoir, a fill valve for introducing the detectable material into the reservoir, and a rupture disk for releasing the detectable material from the reservoir when the electrical component reaches the threshold temperature. In operation, the first section of the device is used to connect the device to the electrical component, and the first section is partially surrounded by the reservoir.
- According to another aspect of this disclosure, a device is provided for responding to an overheated condition of an electrical component. The device may have a reservoir, compressible material located within the reservoir, a transparent or translucent bulb in fluid communication with the reservoir, and a rupture disk for releasing the compressible material from the reservoir when the electrical component reaches a threshold temperature, such that the compressible material flows into the bulb to initiate or enable a detectable light-emission process. According to a preferred embodiment, the reservoir and the bulb are attached to the electrical component such that the temperature of the compressible material is correlated to the temperature of the electrical component. If desired, the emitted light may be fluorescent or phosphorescent. If desired, fluorescent particles may be detected by ultraviolet light to enable maintenance personnel to scan the connections after dark.
- According to yet another aspect of this disclosure, a device for responding to a condition of an electrical component has a reservoir, a compressible material located within the reservoir, a driven device, and a rupture disc for transmitting energy from the compressible material to the driven device to generate a signal that the electrical component has reached a threshold elevated temperature. If desired, the driven device may be a mechanical piezoelectric generator. But according to an alternative embodiment, the driven device may have a discharge orifice for generating an acoustic signal detectable by an acoustic emission monitoring system. If desired, the acoustic signal may be ultrasonic so that it is not detected by unauthorized persons.
- The foregoing has outlined rather broadly certain features and technical advantages so that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. It should be appreciated by those in the art that the illustrated embodiments may be readily used as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same or similar purposes. It should also be realized by those in the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the inventions forth in the claims.
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FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a temperature indicator washer device constructed in accordance with one embodiment of this disclosure. -
FIG. 2 is a top view of the washer device ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a side view of the washer device ofFIG. 1 , with the washer device immersed in oil and connected to a portion of a transformer or load tap changer. -
FIG. 4 is another side view of the washer device ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the washer device ofFIG. 1 , taken along the line 5-5 ofFIG. 4 . -
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a temperature indicator light-emitting device constructed in accordance with another embodiment of this disclosure. -
FIG. 7 is a side view of the light-emitting device ofFIG. 6 , with the device located in the outside air and attached to a high-voltage electrical device. -
FIG. 8 is a top view of the light-emitting device ofFIG. 6 . -
FIG. 9 is another side view of the light-emitting device ofFIG. 6 . -
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the light-emitting device ofFIG. 6 , taken along the line 10-10 ofFIG. 9 . -
FIG. 11 is an end view of a pressure reservoir (e.g., a CO2 cartridge) for the light-emitting device ofFIG. 6 . -
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure reservoir ofFIG. 11 , taken along the line 12-12. -
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the pressure reservoir ofFIG. 12 . -
FIG. 14 is another view of the high-voltage electrical device ofFIG. 7 . -
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a temperature-responsive device constructed in accordance with yet another embodiment of this disclosure. -
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the device ofFIG. 15 , taken along the line 16-16. -
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a bolted connection, where the temperature indicator washer device ofFIG. 1 is bolted to the bolted connection. - Referring now to the drawings, where like elements are designated by like reference numerals, there is shown in
FIG. 1 a temperatureindicator washer device 10 that is constructed in accordance with one embodiment of this disclosure. Thewasher device 10 is configured for use within an oil-filled transformer and/or oil-filled regulator. Neither the transformer nor the regulator is shown inFIG. 1 . Thewasher device 10 has awasher 12, areservoir tube 14, afill valve 16, and arupture disk 18. - The
washer 12 may be formed of stainless steel or another suitable material. Thewasher 12 may be in the form of a flat disk with acircular periphery 20 and a central,circular aperture 22. In operation, a bolt, screw, or other fastening device extends through theaperture 22 to secure thewasher device 10 to an electrical device 88 (FIG. 3 ) (for example, a bolted connection within a transformer or portion of a load tap changer) at a desired location within theoil 90 of an electrical apparatus (for example, the transformer/regulator). The fastening device (e.g., bolt 308) for securing thewasher device 10 to theelectrical device 88 is illustrated inFIGS. 3 and 17 . Only one end of thebolt 308 is visible inFIG. 3 . The other end of thebolt 308 is inserted into and connected to theelectrical device 88. - The
reservoir 14 is attached to the periphery 20 (FIG. 5 ) of thewasher 12, and extends around most, but not all, of theperiphery 20. Thereservoir 14 may be formed of stainless steel or another suitable material. Thereservoir 14 may be connected to thewasher 12 by brazing, or one or more welds, or an adhesive (not shown). - The
reservoir 14 contains adetectable trace material 30, and has first and second ends 32, 34. Thetrace material 30 is introduced into thereservoir 14 through thefill valve 16, at thefirst end 32 of thereservoir 14. Thefill valve 16 prevents thetrace material 30 from exiting thereservoir 14 through thefirst end 32. Thetrace material 30 may be entrained, dissolved, or contained within a suitable, compressible charge material, which may be compressed air, carbon dioxide (CO2), or another suitable gas or liquid. - The
rupture disk 18 is configured to burst at a predetermined pressure. In operation, the pressure of thetrace material 30 increases as the temperature of thewasher device 10 increases. When the temperature of thewasher device 10 reaches a predetermined temperature, the pressure of thetrace material 30 increases to a point (e.g., 515 pounds per square inch) where the pressure bursts therupture disk 18, such that thetrace material 30 is dispersed into the oil 90 (FIG. 3 ) of the transformer/regulator, to be detected immediately by a suitable monitoring or detection device. - The
washer device 10 may be formed mainly or entirely of stainless steel or some other rugged and heat-conductive material. In operation, the temperature of thewasher device 10 correlates to the temperature of theportion 88 of the transformer/regulator to which thewasher 12 is connected. Thus, thewasher device 10 can be used to detect a threshold elevated-temperature condition at theportion 88 of the transformer/regulator to which thewasher 12 is connected. For example, the trace material 30 (which may be, for example, hexafluorobenzene) may be entrained in a medium that has a pressure/temperature relationship such that at a temperature of 250° C., the pressure within thereservoir 14 is 515 psi. - The illustrated
rupture disk 18 may be selected to burst when the pressure reaches 515 psi, indicating that theelectrical component 88 being monitored has reached 250° C. The particular pressure and temperature, however, are illustrative. Other rupture disks having different thicknesses and other dimensions may be employed to burst at different threshold pressures. This disclosure is not limited to the particular pressures and temperatures described herein. - The volume of the
oil 90 within the high voltage transformer may be, for example, in the range of from about 750 gallons to about 3,000 gallons. If theoil 90 is in a load tap changer apparatus, the volume of theoil 90 may be, for example, in the range of from about 150 gallons to about 1,200 gallons. Thewasher device 10 may be used, however, to detect temperature in a variety of electrical apparatuses, and is not limited to the oil-filled apparatuses described herein. If desired, the insulatingoil 90 may be replaced or supplemented by another insulating liquid, or a gas, including but not limited to sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). - Referring now to
FIG. 17 , the temperatureindicator washer device 10 may be connected to acoupling device 88, which is attached to an electricallyconductive cable 302. (Thecoupling device 88 is an example of theelectrical device 88 shown schematically inFIG. 3 . This disclosure is not limited to the illustrated electrical device.) Thecoupling device 88 has first andsecond sections bolts 308 for connecting thesections conventional washers 310 located on thebolts 308, and seven conventional, threadednuts 200 for tightening thebolts 308 and thereby securing thefirst section 304 to thesecond section 306. - According to the illustrated embodiment, a temperature
indicator washer device 10 is located between thefirst section 304 and one of theconventional nuts 200, with the main body of therespective bolt 308 extending though the central aperture 22 (FIG. 1 ) of thewasher device 10. By threadedly tightening thenut 200, the washer device I 0 is captured between thenut 200 and thefirst section 304, such that thewasher device 10 is fixedly secured to thecoupling device 88. - Turning now to
FIG. 6 , there is shown a light-emittingtemperature indicator device 50 that is configured for use with an electrical apparatus. Thedevice 50 may, if desired, be used to emit fluorescent light when illuminated by an ultraviolet light source at a connection portion 98 (FIG. 14 ) of an electrical apparatus (or an interconnecting bus) that is located outdoors, to indicate that theportion 98 has reached a threshold temperature. Theelectrical apparatus 98 is not shown inFIG. 6 but is illustrated inFIGS. 7 and 14 . - As illustrated in
FIG. 6 , the light-emittingdevice 50 has abase 52, atransition 54, apressure canister 56, and aglass bulb 58. The base 52 may haveapertures 60 for receiving bolts, screws, or other connecting devices, for attaching thedevice 50 to the monitoredportion 98 of the electrical apparatus (FIGS. 7 and 14 ). The base 52 (FIG. 7 ) may have, for example, foursuch apertures 60, as shown inFIG. 8 , in the form of a 4-inch NEMA standard configuration to match the bolt-connection configuration of the monitored portion 98 (FIG. 14 ). - The transition 54 (
FIGS. 7 and 9 ) is immovably connected to thebase 52 by brazing, welding, threaded fasteners, an adhesive, or some other suitable mechanism. Thebody 54 has first and second threadedopenings 62, 64 (FIG. 10 ), and an L-shapedpassageway 66. Thecanister 56 and theglass bulb 58 are threadedly connected to the first andsecond openings openings passageway 66 such that a gas or other fluid that enters thetransition 54 through thefirst opening 62, from thecanister 56, passes through thepassageway 66, exits thesupport element 54, and enters theglass bulb 58. - The L-shaped (66) configuration shown in
FIG. 10 is advantageous because it reduces the overall height of thedevice 50. It can also be used to maximize force retention. But according to an alternative aspect of this disclosure, theglass bulb 58 may be axially aligned with thepressure canister 56, if desired. - The
pressure canister 56 is sometimes referred to herein as acartridge 56, or as a CO2 cartridge 56. As illustrated inFIGS. 12 and 13 , thepressure cartridge 56 has a threadedsection 70, amain section 72, and a fill-valve section 74. The periphery 76 (FIG. 12 ) of arupture disk 78 is securely captured and held between the threaded andmain sections fill valve 80 is located within an opposite end of the fill-valve section 74. Areservoir 82 is located within themain section 72 and the fill-valve section 72, between therupture disk 78 and thefill valve 80. - Compressed gas (for example, compressed carbon dioxide) 100 may be introduced into the
reservoir 82 through thefill valve 80, and thecompressed gas 100 is stored within thereservoir 82. Thepressure cartridge 56 hasthreads 102 that are threadedly connected to the threads of thefirst opening 62 of thetransition 54. The size and shape of the cartridge 56 (which may be, for example, a CO2 cartridge) may be modified according to desired conditions and usages. - The
base 52, thetransition 54, and thepressure canister 56 may all be made of a suitably rugged and heat-conducting material, such as stainless steel. In operation, the heat-conducting material causes the temperature within thereservoir 82 to be highly correlated to the temperature of the connection portion 98 (FIGS. 7 and 14 ) of the electrical apparatus to which the base 52 (FIG. 7 ) of the light-emittingdevice 50 is attached. - As the temperature of the
connection portion 98 increases, the temperature of thecompressible material 100 likewise increases, and the pressure of the material 100 increases. When thecompressible material 100 reaches a predetermined pressure, it bursts therupture disk 78, such that the material 100 flows, following a pressure gradient, into theglass bulb 58 through thetransition 54. As thegas 100 flows into thebulb 58, it opens afoil seal 400 located within theneck 402 of thebulb 58. Thefoil seal 400 contains a charge ofparticles 420, which may include phosphorescent or fluorescent material. According to another embodiment, thefoil seal 400 containing the charge ofparticles 420 may be advantageously located within thetransition 54. In either embodiment, the flowinggas 100 causes theparticles 420 to disperse within thebulb 58, such that at least some of theparticles 420 adhere to the inner surface of thebulb 58. - The phosphorescent or
fluorescent particles 420 may be stored, if desired, in theneck 402 of thebulb 58, supported by thefoil seal 400. Thefoil seal 400 is easily disrupted and theparticles 420 are released from theseal 400 and propelled into theglobe 58 by the pressure released from thepressure cartridge 56 when therupture disc 78 bursts. According to a preferred embodiment, thefoil seal 400 is in the form of afoil packet 400, and theparticles 420 are contained within thefoil packet 400, which ruptures at minimal pressure. Theglobe 58 may be vented to atmosphere, bysuitable vents 406, illustrated schematically inFIGS. 6, 7, and 9 , to enable the pressure (100) to evacuate through thevents 406, propelling theparticles 420 into theglobe 58. If desired, theglobe 58 may be entirely or partially filled with stainless steel wool, or other media (not shown). The steel wool or other media may be used to filter or entrap theparticles 420 as they are propelled in the direction of theexhaust 406. The charge (400) may contain various prescribed sizes ofparticles 420 in order to enlarge the area of fluorescence (or phosphorescence) as theparticles 420 are entrapped by varying densities of filtration media. - The
glass bulb 58 may be formed of Pyrex frosted glass or another suitable, preferably transparent or translucent, and preferably non-breakable, material. Thebulb 58 hasthreads 104 formed of glass or another suitable material, which are threaded (moisture-tight) into the threads of thesecond opening 64 of thesupport element 54. At least a portion of the interior of thebulb 58 is coated with a suitable material 106 (FIG. 10 ), providing a surface to which the fluorescent (or phosphorescent) material will adhere. According to one aspect of this disclosure, the fluorescent (or phosphorescent)particles 420 adhere to the coating 106 (or the steel wool or other media). If theparticles 420 contain fluorescent material, then fluorescent light is generated that is visible when thebulb 58 is illuminated by an ultraviolet light source from outside thebulb 58. If theparticles 420 contain phosphorescent material, then theparticles 420 absorb energy from the sun (or another energy source) and then emit light that is visible from a position remote from theelectrical equipment 98. Thebulb 58 may be located outside, in the outdoor air 92 (FIG. 14 ). - In operation, the transparent or
translucent globe 58 with the interior coating 106 (or the steel wool or other media) captures and holds the fluorescent (or phosphorescent)particles 420. Thus, a rise in temperature of the electrical connection portion 98 (to which the light-emitting device 50 (FIG. 7 ) is attached) causes therupture disc 78 to burst. Theglobe 58 retains theparticles 420 and light is emitted (e.g., when illuminated by UV light) and the light may be detected from outside thebulb 58, at a remote location, as a signal that theelectrical apparatus 98 reached the threshold temperature. - The substation crew would use a high intensity UV light to scan the equipment connections for UV emittance of the material, that being an indication the target temperature has been reached. There are many suitable materials and substances that are detectable using UV excitation. The interior of the
globe 58 may be either etched or have a coating to which theparticles 420 will adhere upon activation. Bursting of therupture disc 78 disperses theparticles 420 into theglobe 58 which enables the substation crew to make scans for overheated connections using UV lighting after sunset. - Turning now to
FIGS. 15 and 16 , there is shown atemperature indicating device 110 constructed in accordance with yet another aspect of this disclosure. TheFIGS. 15 and 16 device 110 uses a temperature-induced pressure rupture to operate as an engine to drive (112) anindependent device 114. As illustrated inFIG. 16 , when a chemical 116 located within areservoir 118 reaches a threshold activation pressure (for example, 500 psi), arupture disk 120 bursts to create working-pressure energy, which drives, through asuitable mechanism 112, theindependent device 114. - The
independent device 114 may be, for example, a mechanical piezoelectric spark generator, and thedriving mechanism 112 may be, for example, a ball bearing or piston, that is accelerated by the pressure released by the bursting of therupture disk 120. In operation, the pressure energy is converted to mechanical energy, for example, to strike a suitable piezoelectric crystal assembly such that it generates a spark, or discreet electric signal, or to create an energy pulse that is detected by a sensor, or signal-receiving device that is mounted onto or into a compartment wall, or some other suitable device. - According to another aspect of this disclosure, a
suitable device 114 may use the pressure discharge (112) to generate a piezoelectric spark (piezoelectric spark generators are commonly used in cigarette lighters), that can be detected by a suitable partial discharge monitoring system, or to actuate a lab-on-a-chip. - According to another aspect of this disclosure, a
suitable device 114 may channel the sudden pressure release (112) via a suitable discharge orifice to generate a discreet acoustic (preferably ultrasonic) signal or pulse that can be detected by an acoustic emission monitoring system.Oil 90 may serve as an attenuator for communicating the acoustic signal to the acoustic monitoring device. - Returning now to
FIGS. 1-5 , adevice 10 may be used to respond to a threshold temperature of anelectrical component 88. The illustrateddevice 50 includes afirst section 12 for connecting (22, 308, 200) thedevice 10 to theelectrical component 88, a reservoir 14 (thefirst section 12 being at least partially surrounded by the reservoir 14), adetectable material 30 located within thereservoir 14, afill valve 16 for introducing thedetectable material 30 into thereservoir 14, and a pressure-sensitive rupture disk 18 for releasing thedetectable material 30 from thereservoir 14 when theelectrical component 88 reaches the threshold temperature. - As illustrated in
FIGS. 1-5 , thefirst section 12 may be in the form of a flat washer with anaperture 22 and aperiphery 20. Thereservoir 14 may be connected to thewasher periphery 20, thereservoir 14 may include a heat-conducting material, such as stainless steel, and thedetectable material 30 may include a perfluorocarbon. The washer-shapeddevice 10 may be connected toelectrical equipment 88 by abolt 308. - As illustrated in
FIGS. 6-14 , adevice 50 may be used to respond to a condition of anelectrical component 98. The illustrateddevice 50 includes a reservoir 56 (which may be a CO2 cartridge), acompressible material 100 located within thereservoir 56, a transparent ortranslucent bulb 58 in fluid communication (66) with thereservoir 56, and arupture disk 78 for releasing thecompressible material 100 from thereservoir 56 when theelectrical component 98 reaches a threshold temperature, such that thecompressible material 100 flows into thebulb 58, so that thebulb 58 becomes a signal-emitting, detectable light source, as discussed above. - The
device 50 may have a base 52 for attaching (60) thereservoir 56 and thebulb 58 to theelectrical component 98, such that the temperature of thecompressible material 100 is correlated to that of theelectrical component 98. If desired, aflow channel 66 may be used to change the direction of flow of thecompressible material 100 from thereservoir 56 to thebulb 58, where thereservoir 56 and thebulb 58 are not axially aligned. Thecompressible material 100 may be used to disperse fluorescent or phosphorescent particles, or other material that emits fluorescent or phosphorescent light when exposed to radiation. - As illustrated in
FIGS. 15 and 16 , adevice 110 may be used to respond to a condition of an electrical component. Thedevice 110 includes, among other things, areservoir 118, acompressible material 116 located within thereservoir 118, a drivendevice 114, and arupture disc 120 for transmitting energy from thecompressible material 116 to the drivendevice 114 to generate a signal (e.g., electromagnetic or acoustic) when the electrical component reaches a threshold high temperature. - The entire disclosures of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/090,313 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,683,897), Ser. No. 13/047,773 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,702,304), Ser. No. 15/597,623 (filed May 17, 2017), and 61/313,418 (filed Mar. 12, 2010) are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
- While inventions have been illustrated and described with references to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made to the preferred embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventions. Moreover, it will be understood that the scope of the claimed invention should not be limited by the title of this disclosure.
Claims (5)
1. A device for responding to a condition of an electrical component, the device comprising:
a reservoir;
a compressible material located within the reservoir;
a driven device; and
a rupture disc for transmitting energy from the compressible material to the driven device to generate a signal that the electrical component reached a threshold high temperature.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the driven device is a mechanical piezoelectric generator for generating an electrical output to power one or more other devices.
3. The device of claim 2 , wherein the one or more other devices includes a lab-on-a-chip.
4. The device of claim 2 , wherein the driven device is configured to generate a piezoelectric spark detectable by a discharge monitoring system.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the driven device includes a discharge orifice for generating an acoustic signal detectable by an acoustic emission monitoring system.
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US16/519,630 US20190347919A1 (en) | 2016-10-19 | 2019-07-23 | Thermochemical Temperature Indicators |
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US201662410041P | 2016-10-19 | 2016-10-19 | |
US15/786,972 US10380861B2 (en) | 2016-10-19 | 2017-10-18 | Thermochemical temperature indicators |
US16/519,630 US20190347919A1 (en) | 2016-10-19 | 2019-07-23 | Thermochemical Temperature Indicators |
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WO (1) | WO2018075612A1 (en) |
Citations (2)
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US20030164171A1 (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2003-09-04 | Sigurd Andersen | Temperature alarm device for breathing apparatus |
US20140211829A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2014-07-31 | Bruce W. Nichols | Temperature indicator for electrical equipment |
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FR2310141A1 (en) * | 1975-05-06 | 1976-12-03 | Petroles Cie Francaise | FIRE EXTINGUISHING UNIT FOR THE PROTECTION OF LARGE VOLUMES AND LARGE SURFACES |
GB2092744B (en) * | 1981-02-06 | 1984-05-31 | Spirig Ernst | Temperature indicator |
JPS58155323A (en) * | 1982-03-12 | 1983-09-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Device for monitoring increase in local temperature of electric equipment |
ZA873462B (en) * | 1986-05-19 | 1988-11-14 | Rastech, Inc. | Hot bearing warning bolt |
JP2512313B2 (en) | 1987-11-24 | 1996-07-03 | 義一 久世 | Thermo Actuator |
JPH0774764B2 (en) * | 1988-09-05 | 1995-08-09 | 日新電機株式会社 | Overheat detector |
FR2684764B1 (en) | 1991-12-05 | 1994-03-11 | Albert Loustaunau | TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER FOR REFRIGERATED PRODUCTS USING THE SOLIDIFICATION AND FUSION OF LIQUID BODIES AT AMBIENT TEMPERATURE. |
US5203278A (en) * | 1991-12-31 | 1993-04-20 | Commonwealth Technology Inc. | Temperature warning device |
US5744793A (en) | 1994-02-28 | 1998-04-28 | Electro-Pro, Inc. | Triangulation position-detection and integrated dispensing valve |
US5988102A (en) | 1994-12-19 | 1999-11-23 | Volk Enterprises, Inc. | Pop-up temperature indicating device |
US6189479B1 (en) | 1999-07-27 | 2001-02-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health And Human Services | Method and apparatus for detecting a temperature increase in an electrical insulator |
BRPI1012634B1 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2020-08-11 | Volk Enterprises, Inc | MULTI-STAGE TEMPERATURE INDICATOR DEVICE |
US8702304B2 (en) | 2011-03-14 | 2014-04-22 | Bruce W. Nichols | Temperature indicators utilizing trace materials |
-
2017
- 2017-10-18 CA CA3044540A patent/CA3044540A1/en active Pending
- 2017-10-18 MX MX2019004647A patent/MX2019004647A/en unknown
- 2017-10-18 US US15/786,972 patent/US10380861B2/en active Active
- 2017-10-18 WO PCT/US2017/057131 patent/WO2018075612A1/en unknown
- 2017-10-18 BR BR112019008007-4A patent/BR112019008007B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2017-10-18 EP EP17861931.8A patent/EP3529575A4/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-07-23 US US16/519,630 patent/US20190347919A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030164171A1 (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2003-09-04 | Sigurd Andersen | Temperature alarm device for breathing apparatus |
US20140211829A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2014-07-31 | Bruce W. Nichols | Temperature indicator for electrical equipment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20180108233A1 (en) | 2018-04-19 |
WO2018075612A1 (en) | 2018-04-26 |
EP3529575A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
BR112019008007A2 (en) | 2020-03-03 |
BR112019008007B1 (en) | 2023-10-03 |
MX2019004647A (en) | 2020-01-15 |
US10380861B2 (en) | 2019-08-13 |
CA3044540A1 (en) | 2018-04-26 |
EP3529575A4 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
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