US20180366540A1 - Semiconductor devices comprising vias and capacitors - Google Patents
Semiconductor devices comprising vias and capacitors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20180366540A1 US20180366540A1 US16/110,615 US201816110615A US2018366540A1 US 20180366540 A1 US20180366540 A1 US 20180366540A1 US 201816110615 A US201816110615 A US 201816110615A US 2018366540 A1 US2018366540 A1 US 2018366540A1
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- Prior art keywords
- conductive material
- conductor
- outmost
- semiconductor device
- insulator
- Prior art date
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 148
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003811 SiGeC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001811 cryogenic deep reactive-ion etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000708 deep reactive-ion etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005389 semiconductor device fabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N vitamin D2 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)/C=C/[C@H](C)C(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C MECHNRXZTMCUDQ-RKHKHRCZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001892 vitamin D2 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- H01L28/90—Electrodes with an enlarged surface, e.g. formed by texturisation having vertical extensions
- H01L28/91—Electrodes with an enlarged surface, e.g. formed by texturisation having vertical extensions made by depositing layers, e.g. by depositing alternating conductive and insulating layers
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- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76877—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
- H01L21/76883—Post-treatment or after-treatment of the conductive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L28/00—Passive two-terminal components without a potential-jump or surface barrier for integrated circuits; Details thereof; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L28/40—Capacitors
- H01L28/60—Electrodes
- H01L28/82—Electrodes with an enlarged surface, e.g. formed by texturisation
- H01L28/90—Electrodes with an enlarged surface, e.g. formed by texturisation having vertical extensions
Definitions
- Embodiments disclosed herein relate to semiconductor devices and to semiconductor device fabrication. More particularly, embodiments of the disclosure relate to semiconductor devices comprising via structures and capacitor structures.
- TSVs through-silicon-vias
- decaps on-chip decoupling capacitors
- Conventional on-chip decoupling capacitors may be planar-type or trench-type. Because trench-type capacitors have a capacitance density advantage over planar-type capacitors, the trench-type capacitors are usually used in semiconductor devices. Therefore, the demands to forming TSVs and trench-type capacitors simultaneously have increased. However, traditional fabricating methods are expensive because of complex and costly processes. For example, sacrificial layers are usually used in fabrication steps.
- an improved semiconductor structure that includes a capacitor structure and a via structure, and a fabricating method of the semiconductor structure are required.
- the instant disclosure provides a method of fabricating a semiconductor structure, and the method includes the following steps.
- a substrate with an upper surface and a lower surface is received.
- a first recess extending from the upper surface to the lower surface is formed and the first recess has a first depth.
- a second recess extending from the upper surface to the lower surface is formed and the second recess has a second depth less than the first depth.
- a first conducting layer is formed in the first recess and the second recess.
- a first insulating layer is formed over the first conducting layer.
- a second conducting layer is formed over the first insulating layer and isolated from the first conducting layer with the first insulating layer.
- the substrate is thinned from the lower surface to expose the second conducting layer in the first recess.
- forming the first recess and the second recess are by laser drilling, dry etching or wet etching.
- the dry etching includes reactive ion etching (RIE).
- RIE reactive ion etching
- forming the first recess and forming the second recess include forming a photoresist layer over the upper surface, wherein the photoresist layer has a first opening and a second opening smaller than the first opening.
- the substrate is etched through the first opening to form the first recess and through the second opening to form the second recess.
- the first conducting layer in the second recess is exposed after thinning the substrate from the lower surface.
- thinning the substrate from the lower surface stops before exposing the first conducting layer in the second recess.
- thinning the substrate from the lower surface is by backside grinding, chemical-mechanical polishing or blanket etching process.
- a first dimension of the first recess is larger than a second dimension of the second recess.
- forming the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer are by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), physical vapor deposition (PVD) or plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD).
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- PECVD plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
- the method further includes forming a second insulating layer in the first recess and the second recess before forming the first conducting layer in the first recess and the second recess.
- forming the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer are by CVD, ALD, PVD or PECVD.
- the instant disclosure provides a semiconductor structure.
- the semiconductor structure includes a substrate and a via structure through the substrate.
- the substrate has an upper surface and a lower surface.
- the via structure includes a first inner conductor, a first outmost conductor, and a first inner insulator.
- the first outmost conductor surrounds the first inner conductor and is coaxial with the first inner conductor.
- the first inner insulator is between the first inner conductor and the first outmost conductor and separates the first inner conductor and the second outmost conductor.
- the semiconductor structure further includes a capacitor structure in the substrate.
- the capacitor structure includes a second inner conductor, a second outmost conductor, and a second inner insulator.
- the second outmost conductor surrounds the second inner conductor and is coaxial with the second inner conductor.
- the second inner insulator is between the second inner conductor and the second outmost conductor, wherein the second outmost conductor is isolated from the second inner conductor with the second inner insulator.
- the substrate has a thickness and the first inner insulator has a height equal to the thickness.
- a first dimension of the via structure is larger than a second dimension of the capacitor structure.
- the semiconductor structure further includes an upper metal layer over the upper surface.
- the upper metal layer is in contact with the second inner conductor and the second outmost conductor.
- the semiconductor structure further includes a first outmost insulator separating the first outmost conductor from the substrate and a second outmost insulator separating the second outmost conductor from the substrate.
- the capacitor structure penetrates through the substrate.
- the semiconductor structure further includes an upper metal layer over the upper surface and a lower metal layer under the lower surface.
- the upper metal layer is in contact with the second inner conductor and the lower metal layer is in contact with the second outmost conductor.
- the semiconductor structure further includes a first outmost insulator separating the first outmost conductor from the substrate and a second outmost insulator separating the second outmost conductor from the substrate.
- FIGS. 1A-1J are cross-sectional views of a semiconductor structure at various stages of fabrication, in accordance with various embodiments.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views of a semiconductor structure at various stages of fabrication, in accordance with various embodiments.
- the instant disclosure provides a semiconductor structure that includes a capacitor structure and a via structure, and a fabricating method of the semiconductor structure.
- the fabricating method of the instant disclosure skips the process of using sacrificial layers and the capacitor structure and the via structure can be formed with the same etching processes such that the fabricating method has a simpler process flow and a lower process cost.
- FIGS. 1A-1J are cross-sectional views of a semiconductor structure at various stages of fabrication, in accordance with various embodiments.
- a substrate 110 with an upper surface 112 and a lower surface 114 is received.
- a first recess 122 extending from the upper surface 112 to the lower surface 114 is formed and the first recess 112 has a first depth d 1 .
- a second recess 124 extending from the upper surface 112 to the lower surface 114 is formed and the second recess 124 has a second depth d 2 less than the first depth d 1 .
- the substrate 110 is a silicon wafer or die, which may include passive components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and active components, such as N-channel field effect transistors (NFETs), P-channel field effect transistors (PFETs), metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) transistors, high-voltage transistors, and/or high-frequency transistors, other suitable components, and/or combinations thereof.
- the silicon wafer may include a material of Si, SiGe, SiGeC or SiC, a layered semiconductor such as Si/SiGe or a silicon-on-insulator (SOI). It is further understood that additional features may be added in the substrate 110 .
- the first recess 122 and the second recess 124 are formed by laser drilling, dry etching or wet etching.
- the dry etching includes reactive ion etching (RIE) such as cryogenic deep reactive ion etching or Bosch deep reactive ion etching.
- RIE reactive ion etching
- the first recess 122 and the second recess 124 are formed by the following steps.
- a photoresist layer (not shown) is formed over the upper surface 112 of the substrate 110 , which has a first opening and a second opening smaller than the first opening.
- the substrate 110 is etched through the first opening to form the first recess 122 and through the second opening to form the second recess 124 . Because the first opening is larger than the second opening, a first dimension D 1 of the first recess 122 is larger than a second dimension D 2 of the second recess 124 , as shown in FIG. 1A .
- the first recess 122 and the second recess 124 are etched out of the substrate 110 by a dry etching such as RIE. Therefore, the depth of the first recess 122 and the second recess 124 can be controlled by RIE lag because the first opening is larger than the second opening.
- a pad layer (not shown) is optionally formed between the photoresist layer and the upper surface 112 of the substrate 110 .
- the pad layer may be made of any suitable materials such as SiO 2 , or Si 3 N 4 .
- a second insulating layer 132 is formed in the first recess 122 and the second recess 124 . Subsequently, a first conducting layer 142 is formed over the second insulating layer 132 in the first recess 122 and the second recess 124 . Therefore, the second insulating layer 132 separates the first conducting layer 142 from the substrate 110 to avoid current leakage and reduce parasitic capacitance. In various embodiments, the second insulating layer 132 may be omitted.
- the second insulating layer 132 is formed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), physical vapor deposition (PVD) or plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and is made of silicon dioxide or silicon nitride.
- the first conducting layer 142 is formed by CVD, ALD, PVD or PECVD and is made of any suitable material such as tungsten, aluminum, copper, polysilicon or an alloy.
- a portion of the second insulating layer 132 and a portion of the first conducting layer 142 are removed by polishing such as chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) to form a first outmost insulator 132 a and a first outmost conductor 142 a in the first recess 122 and to form a second outmost insulator 132 b and a second outmost conductor 142 b in the second recess 124 .
- CMP chemical-mechanical polishing
- a first insulating layer 134 is formed over the first outmost insulator 132 a , the first outmost conductor 142 a , the second outmost insulator 132 b , the second outmost conductor 142 b and the substrate 110 .
- the first insulating layer 134 is then polished to form a first inner insulator 134 a in the first recess 122 and a second inner insulator 134 b in the second recess 124 as shown in FIG. 1E .
- a second conducting layer (not shown) is formed over the first inner insulator 134 a and second inner insulator 134 b and the second conducting layer is then polished to form a first inner conductor 144 a in the first recess 122 and a second inner conductor 144 b in the second recess 124 . Therefore, the first inner conductor 144 a is isolated from the first outmost conductor 142 a with the first inner insulator 134 a and the second inner conductor 144 b is isolated from the second outmost conductor 142 b with the second inner insulator 134 b.
- the first outmost insulator 132 a surrounds the first outmost conductor 142 a , which surrounds the first inner insulator 134 a . Further, the first inner insulator 134 a surrounds the first inner conductor 144 a . Accordingly, the first inner conductor 144 a , the first inner insulator 134 a , the first outmost conductor 142 a and the first outmost insulator 132 a are coaxial. Similarly, the second outmost insulator 132 b surrounds the second outmost conductor 142 b , which surrounds the second inner insulator 134 b . Further, the second inner insulator 134 b surrounds the second inner conductor 144 b . Accordingly, the second inner conductor 144 b , the second inner insulator 134 b , the second outmost conductor 142 b and the second outmost insulator 132 b are coaxial as well.
- the first insulating layer 134 is formed by CVD, ALD, PVD or PECVD and is made of silicon dioxide or silicon nitride.
- the second conducting layer is formed by CVD, ALD, PVD or PECVD and is made of any suitable material such as tungsten, aluminum, copper, polysilicon or an alloy.
- an upper insulating layer 150 is formed over the upper surface 112 of the substrate 110 . Subsequently, the upper insulating layer 150 is patterned to form some openings and the openings are then filled with an upper metal layer 152 as shown in FIG. 1G . It is worth noting that the upper metal layer 152 is in contact with the first outmost insulator 132 a , the first outmost conductor 142 a , the first inner insulator 134 a , the first inner conductor 144 a and the second inner conductor 144 b.
- the substrate 110 is thinned from the lower surface 114 to expose a lower surface 116 of the substrate 110 , the first inner conductor 144 a , the first inner insulator 134 a , the first outmost conductor 142 a , the first outmost insulator 132 a , the second outmost conductor 142 b and the second outmost insulator 132 b to form a via structure 146 a and a capacitor structure 146 b .
- the via structure 146 a includes the first inner conductor 144 a , the first inner insulator 134 a , the first outmost conductor 142 a and the first outmost insulator 132 a and has the first dimension D 1 .
- the capacitor structure 146 b includes the second inner conductor 144 b , the second inner insulator 134 b , the second outmost conductor 142 b and the second outmost insulator 132 b and has the second dimension D 2 smaller than the first dimension D 1 . Both the via structure 146 a and the capacitor structure 146 b extend through the substrate 110 .
- the first inner insulator 134 a separates the first outmost conductor 142 a and the first inner conductor 144 a and has a height equal to a thickness T 1 of the substrate 110 , as shown in FIG. 1H . Further, the first inner insulator 134 a is coplanar with the upper surface 112 and the lower surface 116 of the substrate 110 . In the capacitor structure 146 b , the second inner conductor 144 b is isolated from the second outmost conductor 142 b.
- the substrate 110 is thinned from the lower surface 114 to expose the first inner conductor 144 a and the second outmost conductor 142 b , namely, the substrate 110 is thinned from the lower surface 114 to expose the second conducting layer in the first recess 122 and the first conducting layer 142 in the second recess 124 .
- the substrate 110 is thinned from the lower surface 114 by backside grinding, chemical-mechanical polishing or blanket etching process.
- a lower insulating layer 160 is formed under the lower surface 116 of the substrate 110 . Subsequently, the lower insulating layer 160 is patterned to form some openings and the openings are then filled with a lower metal layer 162 to form a semiconductor structure 100 as shown in FIG. 1J . It is worth noting that the lower metal layer 162 is in contact with the first outmost insulator 132 a , the first outmost conductor 142 a , the first inner insulator 134 a , the first inner conductor 144 a , the second outmost insulator 132 b and the second outmost conductor 142 b . Therefore, the upper metal layer 152 can electrically connect with the lower metal layer 162 through the via structure 146 a , which allows current to flow through the substrate 110 .
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views of a semiconductor structure 200 at various stages of fabrication, in accordance with various embodiments.
- a substrate 210 with an upper surface 212 and a lower surface 214 is received.
- a first outmost insulator 232 a surrounds a first outmost conductor 242 a , which surrounds a first inner insulator 234 a .
- the first inner insulator 234 a surrounds a first inner conductor 244 a .
- the first inner conductor 244 a , the first inner insulator 234 a , the first outmost conductor 242 a and the first outmost insulator 232 a are coaxial.
- a second outmost insulator 232 b surrounds a second outmost conductor 242 b , which surrounds a second inner insulator 234 b .
- the second inner insulator 234 b surrounds a second inner conductor 244 b . Accordingly, the second inner conductor 244 b , the second inner insulator 234 b , the second outmost conductor 242 b and the second outmost insulator 232 b are coaxial as well.
- the fabrication process of above configuration shown in FIG. 2A is the same as shown in FIGS. 1A-1E .
- the upper insulating layer 250 is patterned to form some openings and the openings are then filled with an upper metal layer 252 as shown in FIG. 2A . It is worth noting that the upper metal layer 252 is in contact with the first outmost insulator 232 a , the first outmost conductor 242 a , the first inner insulator 234 a , the first inner conductor 244 a , the second inner conductor 244 b and the second outmost conductor 242 b , which is isolated from the second inner conductor 244 b with the second inner insulator 234 b.
- the substrate 210 is thinned from the lower surface 214 to expose a lower surface 216 of the substrate 210 , the first inner conductor 244 a , the first inner insulator 234 a , the first outmost conductor 242 a and the first outmost insulator 232 a to form a via structure 246 a and a capacitor structure 246 b .
- thinning the substrate 210 from the lower surface 214 stops before exposing the second inner conductor 244 b .
- the via structure 246 a includes the first inner conductor 244 a , the first inner insulator 234 a , the first outmost conductor 242 a and the first outmost insulator 232 a and has the first dimension D 1 . Only the via structure 246 a penetrates through the substrate 210 . It is worth noting that the first inner insulator 234 a separates the first outmost conductor 242 a and the first inner conductor 244 a and has a height equal to a thickness T 2 of the substrate 210 as shown in FIG. 2B . Further, the first inner insulator 234 a is coplanar with the upper surface 212 and the lower surface 216 of the substrate 210 .
- the capacitor structure 246 b includes the second inner conductor 244 b , the second inner insulator 234 b , the second outmost conductor 242 b and the second outmost insulator 232 b and has the second dimension D 2 smaller than the first dimension D 1 .
- the second inner conductor 244 b is isolated from the second outmost conductor 242 b.
- a lower insulating layer (not shown) may be formed under the lower surface 216 and then patterned to form some openings. The openings are continuously filled with a lower metal layer (not shown). Therefore, the upper metal layer 252 can electrically connect with the lower metal layer through the via structure 246 a which allows current to flow through the substrate 210 .
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Abstract
Description
- This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/941,665, filed Nov. 16, 2015, pending, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety by this reference.
- Embodiments disclosed herein relate to semiconductor devices and to semiconductor device fabrication. More particularly, embodiments of the disclosure relate to semiconductor devices comprising via structures and capacitor structures.
- In order to continue to improve functionality and performance of integrated circuits, the semiconductor industry has recently been developing technology to enable the vertical integration of semiconductor devices, generally known as three-dimensional (3D) stacking technology. Typically, through-silicon-vias (TSVs) are becoming a viable approach for improving chip performance and on-chip decoupling capacitors (decaps) serving as charge reservoirs and are used to support instantaneous current surges, suppress power fluctuations and prevent noise-related circuit degradation in integrated circuits.
- Conventional on-chip decoupling capacitors may be planar-type or trench-type. Because trench-type capacitors have a capacitance density advantage over planar-type capacitors, the trench-type capacitors are usually used in semiconductor devices. Therefore, the demands to forming TSVs and trench-type capacitors simultaneously have increased. However, traditional fabricating methods are expensive because of complex and costly processes. For example, sacrificial layers are usually used in fabrication steps.
- Accordingly, an improved semiconductor structure that includes a capacitor structure and a via structure, and a fabricating method of the semiconductor structure are required.
- The instant disclosure provides a method of fabricating a semiconductor structure, and the method includes the following steps. A substrate with an upper surface and a lower surface is received. A first recess extending from the upper surface to the lower surface is formed and the first recess has a first depth. A second recess extending from the upper surface to the lower surface is formed and the second recess has a second depth less than the first depth. A first conducting layer is formed in the first recess and the second recess. A first insulating layer is formed over the first conducting layer. A second conducting layer is formed over the first insulating layer and isolated from the first conducting layer with the first insulating layer. The substrate is thinned from the lower surface to expose the second conducting layer in the first recess.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, forming the first recess and the second recess are by laser drilling, dry etching or wet etching.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, the dry etching includes reactive ion etching (RIE).
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, forming the first recess and forming the second recess include forming a photoresist layer over the upper surface, wherein the photoresist layer has a first opening and a second opening smaller than the first opening. Next, the substrate is etched through the first opening to form the first recess and through the second opening to form the second recess.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, the first conducting layer in the second recess is exposed after thinning the substrate from the lower surface.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, thinning the substrate from the lower surface stops before exposing the first conducting layer in the second recess.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, thinning the substrate from the lower surface is by backside grinding, chemical-mechanical polishing or blanket etching process.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, a first dimension of the first recess is larger than a second dimension of the second recess.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, forming the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer are by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), physical vapor deposition (PVD) or plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD).
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, the method further includes forming a second insulating layer in the first recess and the second recess before forming the first conducting layer in the first recess and the second recess.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, forming the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer are by CVD, ALD, PVD or PECVD.
- The instant disclosure provides a semiconductor structure. The semiconductor structure includes a substrate and a via structure through the substrate. The substrate has an upper surface and a lower surface. The via structure includes a first inner conductor, a first outmost conductor, and a first inner insulator. The first outmost conductor surrounds the first inner conductor and is coaxial with the first inner conductor. The first inner insulator is between the first inner conductor and the first outmost conductor and separates the first inner conductor and the second outmost conductor.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, the semiconductor structure further includes a capacitor structure in the substrate. The capacitor structure includes a second inner conductor, a second outmost conductor, and a second inner insulator. The second outmost conductor surrounds the second inner conductor and is coaxial with the second inner conductor. The second inner insulator is between the second inner conductor and the second outmost conductor, wherein the second outmost conductor is isolated from the second inner conductor with the second inner insulator.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, the substrate has a thickness and the first inner insulator has a height equal to the thickness.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, a first dimension of the via structure is larger than a second dimension of the capacitor structure.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, the semiconductor structure further includes an upper metal layer over the upper surface. The upper metal layer is in contact with the second inner conductor and the second outmost conductor.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, the semiconductor structure further includes a first outmost insulator separating the first outmost conductor from the substrate and a second outmost insulator separating the second outmost conductor from the substrate.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, the capacitor structure penetrates through the substrate.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, the semiconductor structure further includes an upper metal layer over the upper surface and a lower metal layer under the lower surface. The upper metal layer is in contact with the second inner conductor and the lower metal layer is in contact with the second outmost conductor.
- In various embodiments of the instant disclosure, the semiconductor structure further includes a first outmost insulator separating the first outmost conductor from the substrate and a second outmost insulator separating the second outmost conductor from the substrate.
- These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following description and appended claims.
- It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are by way of example, and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.
- The disclosure may be more fully understood by reading the following detailed description of the embodiment, with reference made to the accompanying drawings as follows:
-
FIGS. 1A-1J are cross-sectional views of a semiconductor structure at various stages of fabrication, in accordance with various embodiments. -
FIGS. 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views of a semiconductor structure at various stages of fabrication, in accordance with various embodiments. - Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts.
- The following embodiments are disclosed with accompanying diagrams for detailed description. For illustration clarity, many details of practice are explained in the following descriptions. However, it should be understood that these details of practice do not intend to limit the present invention. That is, these details of practice are not necessary in parts of embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, for simplifying the drawings, some of the conventional structures and elements are shown with schematic illustrations.
- It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “on” another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may be present therebetween. Furthermore, relative terms, such as “lower” or “bottom” and “upper” or “top,” may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.
- As aforementioned problems, traditional methods of fabricating TSVs and trench-type capacitors simultaneously is complex and costly. Accordingly, the instant disclosure provides a semiconductor structure that includes a capacitor structure and a via structure, and a fabricating method of the semiconductor structure. The fabricating method of the instant disclosure skips the process of using sacrificial layers and the capacitor structure and the via structure can be formed with the same etching processes such that the fabricating method has a simpler process flow and a lower process cost.
-
FIGS. 1A-1J are cross-sectional views of a semiconductor structure at various stages of fabrication, in accordance with various embodiments. As shown inFIG. 1A , asubstrate 110 with anupper surface 112 and alower surface 114 is received. Afirst recess 122 extending from theupper surface 112 to thelower surface 114 is formed and thefirst recess 112 has a first depth d1. Asecond recess 124 extending from theupper surface 112 to thelower surface 114 is formed and thesecond recess 124 has a second depth d2 less than the first depth d1. - In various embodiments, the
substrate 110 is a silicon wafer or die, which may include passive components such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, and active components, such as N-channel field effect transistors (NFETs), P-channel field effect transistors (PFETs), metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs), complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) transistors, high-voltage transistors, and/or high-frequency transistors, other suitable components, and/or combinations thereof. The silicon wafer may include a material of Si, SiGe, SiGeC or SiC, a layered semiconductor such as Si/SiGe or a silicon-on-insulator (SOI). It is further understood that additional features may be added in thesubstrate 110. - In various embodiments, the
first recess 122 and thesecond recess 124 are formed by laser drilling, dry etching or wet etching. For example, the dry etching includes reactive ion etching (RIE) such as cryogenic deep reactive ion etching or Bosch deep reactive ion etching. - In one embodiment, the
first recess 122 and thesecond recess 124 are formed by the following steps. A photoresist layer (not shown) is formed over theupper surface 112 of thesubstrate 110, which has a first opening and a second opening smaller than the first opening. Subsequently, thesubstrate 110 is etched through the first opening to form thefirst recess 122 and through the second opening to form thesecond recess 124. Because the first opening is larger than the second opening, a first dimension D1 of thefirst recess 122 is larger than a second dimension D2 of thesecond recess 124, as shown inFIG. 1A . For example, thefirst recess 122 and thesecond recess 124 are etched out of thesubstrate 110 by a dry etching such as RIE. Therefore, the depth of thefirst recess 122 and thesecond recess 124 can be controlled by RIE lag because the first opening is larger than the second opening. - In various embodiments, a pad layer (not shown) is optionally formed between the photoresist layer and the
upper surface 112 of thesubstrate 110. The pad layer may be made of any suitable materials such as SiO2, or Si3N4. - As shown in
FIG. 1B , a second insulatinglayer 132 is formed in thefirst recess 122 and thesecond recess 124. Subsequently, afirst conducting layer 142 is formed over the second insulatinglayer 132 in thefirst recess 122 and thesecond recess 124. Therefore, the second insulatinglayer 132 separates thefirst conducting layer 142 from thesubstrate 110 to avoid current leakage and reduce parasitic capacitance. In various embodiments, the second insulatinglayer 132 may be omitted. In various embodiments, the second insulatinglayer 132 is formed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), physical vapor deposition (PVD) or plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and is made of silicon dioxide or silicon nitride. In various embodiments, thefirst conducting layer 142 is formed by CVD, ALD, PVD or PECVD and is made of any suitable material such as tungsten, aluminum, copper, polysilicon or an alloy. - As shown in
FIG. 1C , a portion of the second insulatinglayer 132 and a portion of thefirst conducting layer 142 are removed by polishing such as chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) to form a firstoutmost insulator 132 a and a firstoutmost conductor 142 a in thefirst recess 122 and to form a secondoutmost insulator 132 b and a secondoutmost conductor 142 b in thesecond recess 124. - As shown in
FIG. 1D , a first insulatinglayer 134 is formed over the firstoutmost insulator 132 a, the firstoutmost conductor 142 a, the secondoutmost insulator 132 b, the secondoutmost conductor 142 b and thesubstrate 110. The first insulatinglayer 134 is then polished to form a firstinner insulator 134 a in thefirst recess 122 and a secondinner insulator 134 b in thesecond recess 124 as shown inFIG. 1E . Subsequently, a second conducting layer (not shown) is formed over the firstinner insulator 134 a and secondinner insulator 134 b and the second conducting layer is then polished to form a firstinner conductor 144 a in thefirst recess 122 and a secondinner conductor 144 b in thesecond recess 124. Therefore, the firstinner conductor 144 a is isolated from the firstoutmost conductor 142 a with the firstinner insulator 134 a and the secondinner conductor 144 b is isolated from the secondoutmost conductor 142 b with the secondinner insulator 134 b. - More specifically, the first
outmost insulator 132 a surrounds the firstoutmost conductor 142 a, which surrounds the firstinner insulator 134 a. Further, the firstinner insulator 134 a surrounds the firstinner conductor 144 a. Accordingly, the firstinner conductor 144 a, the firstinner insulator 134 a, the firstoutmost conductor 142 a and the firstoutmost insulator 132 a are coaxial. Similarly, the secondoutmost insulator 132 b surrounds the secondoutmost conductor 142 b, which surrounds the secondinner insulator 134 b. Further, the secondinner insulator 134 b surrounds the secondinner conductor 144 b. Accordingly, the secondinner conductor 144 b, the secondinner insulator 134 b, the secondoutmost conductor 142 b and the secondoutmost insulator 132 b are coaxial as well. - In various embodiments, the first insulating
layer 134 is formed by CVD, ALD, PVD or PECVD and is made of silicon dioxide or silicon nitride. In various embodiments, the second conducting layer is formed by CVD, ALD, PVD or PECVD and is made of any suitable material such as tungsten, aluminum, copper, polysilicon or an alloy. - As shown in
FIG. 1F , an upper insulatinglayer 150 is formed over theupper surface 112 of thesubstrate 110. Subsequently, the upper insulatinglayer 150 is patterned to form some openings and the openings are then filled with anupper metal layer 152 as shown inFIG. 1G . It is worth noting that theupper metal layer 152 is in contact with the firstoutmost insulator 132 a, the firstoutmost conductor 142 a, the firstinner insulator 134 a, the firstinner conductor 144 a and the secondinner conductor 144 b. - As shown in
FIG. 1H , thesubstrate 110 is thinned from thelower surface 114 to expose alower surface 116 of thesubstrate 110, the firstinner conductor 144 a, the firstinner insulator 134 a, the firstoutmost conductor 142 a, the firstoutmost insulator 132 a, the secondoutmost conductor 142 b and the secondoutmost insulator 132 b to form a viastructure 146 a and acapacitor structure 146 b. Specifically, the viastructure 146 a includes the firstinner conductor 144 a, the firstinner insulator 134 a, the firstoutmost conductor 142 a and the firstoutmost insulator 132 a and has the first dimension D1. Thecapacitor structure 146 b includes the secondinner conductor 144 b, the secondinner insulator 134 b, the secondoutmost conductor 142 b and the secondoutmost insulator 132 b and has the second dimension D2 smaller than the first dimension D1. Both the viastructure 146 a and thecapacitor structure 146 b extend through thesubstrate 110. It is worth noting that the firstinner insulator 134 a separates the firstoutmost conductor 142 a and the firstinner conductor 144 a and has a height equal to a thickness T1 of thesubstrate 110, as shown inFIG. 1H . Further, the firstinner insulator 134 a is coplanar with theupper surface 112 and thelower surface 116 of thesubstrate 110. In thecapacitor structure 146 b, the secondinner conductor 144 b is isolated from the secondoutmost conductor 142 b. - In other words, the
substrate 110 is thinned from thelower surface 114 to expose the firstinner conductor 144 a and the secondoutmost conductor 142 b, namely, thesubstrate 110 is thinned from thelower surface 114 to expose the second conducting layer in thefirst recess 122 and thefirst conducting layer 142 in thesecond recess 124. - In various embodiments, the
substrate 110 is thinned from thelower surface 114 by backside grinding, chemical-mechanical polishing or blanket etching process. - As shown in
FIG. 1I , a lower insulatinglayer 160 is formed under thelower surface 116 of thesubstrate 110. Subsequently, the lower insulatinglayer 160 is patterned to form some openings and the openings are then filled with alower metal layer 162 to form asemiconductor structure 100 as shown inFIG. 1J . It is worth noting that thelower metal layer 162 is in contact with the firstoutmost insulator 132 a, the firstoutmost conductor 142 a, the firstinner insulator 134 a, the firstinner conductor 144 a, the secondoutmost insulator 132 b and the secondoutmost conductor 142 b. Therefore, theupper metal layer 152 can electrically connect with thelower metal layer 162 through the viastructure 146 a, which allows current to flow through thesubstrate 110. -
FIGS. 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views of asemiconductor structure 200 at various stages of fabrication, in accordance with various embodiments. As shown inFIG. 2A , asubstrate 210 with anupper surface 212 and alower surface 214 is received. A firstoutmost insulator 232 a surrounds a firstoutmost conductor 242 a, which surrounds a firstinner insulator 234 a. Further, the firstinner insulator 234 a surrounds a firstinner conductor 244 a. Accordingly, the firstinner conductor 244 a, the firstinner insulator 234 a, the firstoutmost conductor 242 a and the firstoutmost insulator 232 a are coaxial. Similarly, a secondoutmost insulator 232 b surrounds a secondoutmost conductor 242 b, which surrounds a secondinner insulator 234 b. Further, the secondinner insulator 234 b surrounds a secondinner conductor 244 b. Accordingly, the secondinner conductor 244 b, the secondinner insulator 234 b, the secondoutmost conductor 242 b and the secondoutmost insulator 232 b are coaxial as well. The fabrication process of above configuration shown inFIG. 2A is the same as shown inFIGS. 1A-1E . - Further, after an upper insulating
layer 250 is formed over theupper surface 212 of thesubstrate 210, the upper insulatinglayer 250 is patterned to form some openings and the openings are then filled with anupper metal layer 252 as shown inFIG. 2A . It is worth noting that theupper metal layer 252 is in contact with the firstoutmost insulator 232 a, the firstoutmost conductor 242 a, the firstinner insulator 234 a, the firstinner conductor 244 a, the secondinner conductor 244 b and the secondoutmost conductor 242 b, which is isolated from the secondinner conductor 244 b with the secondinner insulator 234 b. - As shown in
FIG. 2B , thesubstrate 210 is thinned from thelower surface 214 to expose alower surface 216 of thesubstrate 210, the firstinner conductor 244 a, the firstinner insulator 234 a, the firstoutmost conductor 242 a and the firstoutmost insulator 232 a to form a viastructure 246 a and acapacitor structure 246 b. In other words, thinning thesubstrate 210 from thelower surface 214 stops before exposing the secondinner conductor 244 b. More specifically, the viastructure 246 a includes the firstinner conductor 244 a, the firstinner insulator 234 a, the firstoutmost conductor 242 a and the firstoutmost insulator 232 a and has the first dimension D1. Only the viastructure 246 a penetrates through thesubstrate 210. It is worth noting that the firstinner insulator 234 a separates the firstoutmost conductor 242 a and the firstinner conductor 244 a and has a height equal to a thickness T2 of thesubstrate 210 as shown inFIG. 2B . Further, the firstinner insulator 234 a is coplanar with theupper surface 212 and thelower surface 216 of thesubstrate 210. - Further, the
capacitor structure 246 b includes the secondinner conductor 244 b, the secondinner insulator 234 b, the secondoutmost conductor 242 b and the secondoutmost insulator 232 b and has the second dimension D2 smaller than the first dimension D1. In thecapacitor structure 246 b, the secondinner conductor 244 b is isolated from the secondoutmost conductor 242 b. - Furthermore, a lower insulating layer (not shown) may be formed under the
lower surface 216 and then patterned to form some openings. The openings are continuously filled with a lower metal layer (not shown). Therefore, theupper metal layer 252 can electrically connect with the lower metal layer through the viastructure 246 a which allows current to flow through thesubstrate 210. - Although the present invention has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain embodiments thereof, other embodiments are possible. Therefore, the spirit and scope of the appended claims should not be limited to the description of the embodiments contained herein.
- It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structures of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover modifications and variations of this invention provided they fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (24)
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US16/110,615 US20180366540A1 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2018-08-23 | Semiconductor devices comprising vias and capacitors |
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US14/941,665 US10121849B2 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2015-11-16 | Methods of fabricating a semiconductor structure |
US16/110,615 US20180366540A1 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2018-08-23 | Semiconductor devices comprising vias and capacitors |
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US16/110,615 Abandoned US20180366540A1 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2018-08-23 | Semiconductor devices comprising vias and capacitors |
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US9971970B1 (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2018-05-15 | Rigetti & Co, Inc. | Microwave integrated quantum circuits with VIAS and methods for making the same |
US10121849B2 (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2018-11-06 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of fabricating a semiconductor structure |
US10355072B2 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2019-07-16 | Globalfoundries Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Power trench capacitor compatible with deep trench isolation process |
US11121301B1 (en) | 2017-06-19 | 2021-09-14 | Rigetti & Co, Inc. | Microwave integrated quantum circuits with cap wafers and their methods of manufacture |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN106711083A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
TW201719808A (en) | 2017-06-01 |
CN106711083B (en) | 2019-10-11 |
TWI590381B (en) | 2017-07-01 |
US20170141185A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
CN110718505A (en) | 2020-01-21 |
US10121849B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 |
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