US20180282926A1 - Apparatus for making spunbond from continuous filaments - Google Patents

Apparatus for making spunbond from continuous filaments Download PDF

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Publication number
US20180282926A1
US20180282926A1 US15/939,753 US201815939753A US2018282926A1 US 20180282926 A1 US20180282926 A1 US 20180282926A1 US 201815939753 A US201815939753 A US 201815939753A US 2018282926 A1 US2018282926 A1 US 2018282926A1
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Prior art keywords
diffusor
filaments
secondary air
air
outlet
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Abandoned
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US15/939,753
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English (en)
Inventor
Detlef Frey
Martin NEUENHOFER
Sebastian Sommer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
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Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
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Assigned to REIFENHAEUSER GMBH & CO. KG MASCHINENFABRIK reassignment REIFENHAEUSER GMBH & CO. KG MASCHINENFABRIK ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FREY, DETLEF, Neuenhofer, Martin, SOMMER, SEBASTIAN
Publication of US20180282926A1 publication Critical patent/US20180282926A1/en
Priority to US17/154,198 priority Critical patent/US11603614B2/en
Priority to US18/118,377 priority patent/US20230203729A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random
    • D04H3/033—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random reorientation immediately after yarn or filament formation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H17/00—Felting apparatus
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D01D5/092—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes in shafts or chimneys
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D7/00—Collecting the newly-spun products
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of spunbond. More particularly this invention concerns an apparatus for making spunbond from continuous filaments.
  • An apparatus for making spunbond from endless filaments, in particular continuous filaments of thermoplastic material has at least one spinneret for spinning the continuous filaments, at least one cooler for cooling the filaments, at least one stretcher for stretching the filaments and at least one device for depositing the filaments to form the desired nonwoven web.
  • a continuous or endless filaments means within the scope of the invention filaments having almost continuous length. These continuous filaments differ in this respect from staple fibers which have much shorter lengths of for example 10 mm to 60 mm.
  • An apparatus of the above-mentioned type is basically known from practice in various embodiments. Such an apparatus is also known as a spunbond apparatus. Many of the apparatuses of this type known from practice have the disadvantage that at high filament speeds and high throughputs or production rates, the quality of the filament deposition leaves something to be desired. This particularly relates to the homogeneity of the deposition and the strength of the nonwoven webs produced. High filament speeds and low titers of product continuous filaments can frequently only be achieved with significant loss of quality of the nonwoven webs produced. The known apparatuses are therefore capable of improvement in this respect.
  • Another object is the provision of such an improved apparatus for making spunbond of continuous filaments that overcomes the above-given disadvantages, in particular in which high filament speeds and low titers as well as high production rates can be achieved and the quality of the filament deposition or the nonwoven web produced meets all requirements despite the high production rate.
  • An apparatus for making spunbond from continuous thermoplastic filaments has according to the invention a spinneret for spinning the continuous filaments and advancing them in a filament-travel direction, a cooler for cooling the filaments, a stretcher for stretching the filaments, a depositing device including a foraminous belt extending in a machine direction transverse to the filament-travel direction for deposition of the filaments as a nonwoven web and conveyance away from the stretcher, a diffusor between the stretcher and the foraminous belt so that filaments and primary air from the stretcher enter into the diffusor, and a suction device for extracting air through the foraminous belt at an extraction region underneath the diffusor outlet and having a width b in a machine direction that is greater than a width B of the diffusor outlet.
  • the diffusor forms upstream and downstream secondary air-inlet gaps at opposite ends through which secondary air is aspirated into the diffusor.
  • the secondary air-inlet gaps are oriented such that the secondary air flows in at an inflow angle ⁇ of less than 100° with respect to the filament-travel direction or with respect to a longitudinal central plane of the depositing device or of the diffusor.
  • the diffuser has walls forming a downstream section diverging toward the depositing device and forming the outlet.
  • the invention is an apparatus for making spunbond from continuous filaments, in particular from thermoplastic material, comprising at least one spinneret for spinning the continuous filaments, at least one cooler for cooling the filaments, at least one stretcher for stretching the filaments and comprising at least one depositing device, in particular in the form of a depositing foraminous belt, for depositing the filaments to form the nonwoven web.
  • At least one diffusor is provided between the stretcher and the depositing device or the depositing foraminous belt so that filaments and primary air from the stretcher enter into the diffusor, and in the region of the at least one diffusor at least two secondary air-inlet gaps provided on opposite ends of the diffusor are provided through which the secondary air enters into the diffusor.
  • the at least two secondary air-inlet gaps are formed such that the secondary air flows in at an inflow angle ⁇ with respect to the filament-travel direction or with respect to the longitudinal central plane M of the apparatus or the diffusor, this inflow angle ⁇ being less than 100°, advantageously less than or equal to 90°, preferably less than 80°, preferably less than 70° and particularly preferably less than 65°.
  • the downstream diffusor section in the filament-travel direction has diffusor walls that diverge toward the depositing device, and these diffusor walls form a diffusor outlet having a width B relative to the machine direction MD.
  • a suction device extracts ambient or process air through the depositing device or through the depositing foraminous belt and forms an extraction region provided underneath the diffusor outlet that has a width b in the machine direction greater than the width B of the diffusor outlet.
  • Machine direction means within the scope of the invention in particular the conveying direction of the filament deposition or nonwoven web on the deposition device or on the depositing foraminous belt.
  • the extraction region with its width b extends underneath the diffusor over the entire width B of the diffusor outlet. It also lies within the scope of the invention that the extraction region is delimited by two partitions provided one after the other in the machine direction. The width b of the extraction region is in particular measured between the upper or upstream edges juxtaposed with the foraminous belt in the machine direction.
  • the suction means includes an extraction fan that extracts process air in the extraction region through the deposition device or through the depositing foraminous belt.
  • several extraction regions can be provided consecutively in the machine direction, for example three extraction regions, which in particular differ from one another relative to their extraction speeds.
  • the extraction region is the principal extraction region provided underneath the diffusor output or directly underneath the diffusor outlet.
  • the extraction region or principal extraction region provided under the diffusor outlet or directly under the diffusor outlet can for its part be divided for example by partitions.
  • This extraction region or principal extraction region is then characterized in that the extraction speed is the same or substantially the same over the entire width b of the extraction region.
  • the average extraction speed in the extraction region or principal extraction region varies by no more than 20%, in particular no more than 30% or no more than 40% and in particular by no more than 50%. It lies within the scope of the invention in this connection that in an additional extraction region upstream of the principal extraction region relative to the machine direction (MD) according to one embodiment and/or another additional extraction region provided downstream of the extraction region or principal extraction region relative to the machine direction (MD), an extraction speed exists that is different from the extraction speed of the extraction region or the principal extraction region.
  • the width b of the extraction region is at least 1.2 times, preferably at least 1.3 times and particularly preferably at least 1.4 times the width B of the diffusor outlet. According to one embodiment, the width b of the extraction region is at least 1.5 times, in particular at least 1.6 times or at least 1.7 times the width B of the diffusor outlet.
  • a very preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the extraction region projects relative to the machine direction (MD) downstream of the deposition region of the filaments by a first extraction section beyond the width (measured in the machine direction) of the diffusor outlet and/or that the extraction region projects relative to the machine direction (MD) upstream of the deposition region of the filaments by a second extraction section beyond the width of the diffusor outlet.
  • the extraction region or the principal extraction region projects on both sides relative to its width b beyond the width B of the diffusor outlet and specifically on one side by the first extraction section and on the other side by the second extraction section.
  • width b 1 of the first extraction section and/or the width b 2 of the second extraction section is 2 to 30%, preferably 2.5 to 25% and particularly preferably 3 to 20% of the width B of the diffusor outlet.
  • a very recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that extraction by the suction device takes place such that at least in the region of the diffusor outlet, tertiary ambient air flows along the outer surfaces of the diffusor walls toward the depositing device or depositing foraminous belt and that at least a part of this tertiary air is extracted through the deposition device or the depositing foraminous belt. It lies within the scope of the invention that the tertiary air flows are preferably aligned parallel or substantially parallel to the mixed flow of primary air and secondary air flowing toward the diffusor outlet inside the diffusor.
  • the volume flow of tertiary air VT drawn through the belt by the suction device is at least 25%, preferably at least 30%, preferably at least 40% and particularly preferably at least 50% of the volume flow of extracted primary and secondary air flows.
  • the previously described preferred extraction of the tertiary air has proved successful insofar as undesired turbulence in the deposition region of the filaments can thereby be avoided.
  • the continuous filaments are produced using a spunbond apparatus.
  • the cooler, the stretcher and the at least one diffusor extend transversely to the machine direction (MD), which itself is horizontal and normally transverse to the filament-travel direction, over the production width or over the width (DC width) of the nonwoven web to be produced.
  • the subassembly comprising the cooler and the stretcher is a closed subassembly and apart from the supply of cooling air in the cooler, no further supply of a fluid medium or no further supply of air into this closed subassembly of cooler and stretcher takes place.
  • This closed subassembly or this closed system has proved particularly successful within the framework of the invention and contributes effectively to attaining the object of the invention.
  • the cooler of the apparatus according to the invention can have only one cooling chamber in which the filaments are acted upon with cooling air or process air at a specific temperature.
  • the cooler has upstream and downstream cooling chambers provided one above the other or consecutively in the downward filament-travel direction. In these cooling chambers the filaments can each be acted upon with cooling air or process air at different temperatures.
  • the apparatus can also be adapted such that the exit speed of the process air from the upstream cooling chamber for cooling the filaments and the exit speed from the lower downstream cooling chamber is different.
  • the secondary air-inlet gaps or the secondary air introduced through these secondary air-inlet gaps have particular importance within the framework of the invention.
  • the secondary air-inlet gaps extend over the entire width of the apparatus transversely to the machine direction (in the CD direction).
  • two opposite secondary air-inlet gaps are provided between the stretcher and the diffusor adjacent the stretcher.
  • two diffusors are provided consecutively in the filament-travel direction and two opposite secondary air-inlet gaps are provided between the two diffusors.
  • Two secondary air-inlet gaps can be at the same vertical height.
  • the secondary air-inlet gaps are provided at different vertical heights of the apparatus.
  • only two opposite secondary air-inlet gaps are provided and particularly preferably between stretcher and diffusor.
  • the inflow angle ⁇ of the secondary air is between 80° and 110°.
  • a recommended embodiment is characterized in that the inflow angle ⁇ is less than 90°, preferably less than 80°, preferably less than 70° and particularly preferably less than 65°. In this case, it has proved particularly successful when the inflow angle ⁇ is less than 60°, preferably less than 55° and very preferably less than 50°.
  • the inflow angle ⁇ is between 0 and 60°, advantageously between 1 and 55°, preferably between 2 and 50°, very preferably between 2 and 45° and particularly preferably between 2 and 40°. It is particularly recommended that the inflow of secondary air takes place such that after its entry the secondary air flows parallel or quasi-parallel to the filament-travel direction.
  • the secondary air-inlet gaps are adapted accordingly to achieve the inflow angle ⁇ , in particular adapted with the aid of inflow slopes and/or inflow passages and the like.
  • a sloping inflow wall adjacent or connected to a diffusor wall of the diffusor is provided, which inflow wall encloses an angle with the filament-travel direction that corresponds or substantially corresponds to the inflow angle ⁇ .
  • a corresponding inflow wall is provided for each secondary air-inlet gap. It is recommended that such an inflow wall forms an inflow slope to implement the inflow angle ⁇ .
  • inflow angle ⁇ has proved particularly successful within the scope of the invention and makes an efficient contribution to the solution of the technical problem.
  • a high-quality filament deposition and a particularly homogeneous nonwoven web can be obtained.
  • the closed system or the configuration of the subassembly comprising cooler and stretcher as a closed subassembly is the closed system or the configuration of the subassembly comprising cooler and stretcher as a closed subassembly.
  • Primary air means within the framework of the invention the process air guided through the stretcher that emerges from the stretcher or from the stretch passage of the stretcher into the diffusor.
  • a very preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that in the area of the secondary air-inlet gaps, the ratio of the volume flows of primary air and secondary air VP/VS is less than 5:1, preferably less than 4.8:1 and preferably less than 4.5:1.
  • the volume flow of the secondary air incoming through the secondary air-inlet gaps is adjustable, preferably for each secondary air-inlet gap and according to one embodiment, adjustable independently of one another. It is recommended that the cross-section of the secondary air-inlet gaps is variable or adjustable.
  • the volume flow of secondary air incoming through two secondary air-inlet gaps provided on opposite ends of the diffusor is the same or substantially the same or differs by a maximum of 15%, in particular by up to a maximum of 20%.
  • a vertical height of the secondary air-inlet gaps is 2 to 20 mm, preferably 3 to 18 mm and particularly preferably 5 to 15 mm.
  • the volume flow of the secondary air entering through the secondary air-inlet gaps can be adjusted or varied over the CD width (horizontally and transverse to the machine direction MD).
  • the vertical height of the secondary air-inlet gaps is adjusted or varied over the CD width (transversely to the machine direction MD).
  • the adjustment of the secondary air volume flows is made such that the volume flow of inflowing secondary air decreases relative to the CD direction toward the edges of the apparatus or toward the edges of the secondary air-inlet gaps.
  • the secondary air volume flow entering through the secondary air-inlet gaps is merely lower in the edge regions of the secondary air-inlet gaps than in the central region of the secondary air-inlet gaps. It is recommended that these edge regions have a length of 5 to 20 cm. In the edge regions advantageously a maximum of 75%, preferably a maximum of 80% of the secondary air volume flow that enters in the central region of the secondary air-inlet gaps is supplied.
  • a uniform inflow of secondary air through the secondary air-inlet gaps takes place transversely to the machine direction or in the CD width of the apparatus and according to one embodiment of the invention, apart from the above-mentioned edge regions, advantageously in the entire central region of the secondary air-inlet gaps.
  • the invention is based on the discovery that a particularly homogeneous filament deposition can thus be achieved or a very homogeneous filament deposition can be achieved over the CD width.
  • a very recommended embodiment of the invention is characterized in that in the filament-travel direction a convergent section of the diffusor is immediately downstream or underneath the upstream secondary air-inlet gap. Quite particularly preferred here is an embodiment in which in the filament-travel direction downstream of or underneath the secondary air-inlet gaps, first a convergent section of the diffusor is provided, then a constriction of the diffusor follows and downstream of or underneath the constriction, a divergent section of the diffusor is provided (convergent ⁇ constriction ⁇ divergent). In the constriction, the secondary air or the primary air-secondary air mixture that has flowed is compressed.
  • a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the convergent section of the diffusor is shorter than the divergent section of the diffusor.
  • the length l k of the convergent diffusor section is a maximum of 75%, preferably a maximum of 60% and preferably a maximum of 50% of the length l D of the divergent section of this diffusor. It is recommended that the length l k of the convergent section of the diffusor is a maximum of 40%, preferably a maximum of 35% and preferably a maximum of 30% of the length l D of the divergent diffusor section.
  • the ratio of the length l k of the convergent diffusor section to the length l D of the divergent diffusor section is 0.1:1 to 1:1 and preferably 0.15:1 to 0.9:1. It is recommended that the length l k of the convergent diffusor section is 5 to 50% and preferably 10 mm to 50% of the length L K +L D of the entire diffusor.
  • an outlet angle ⁇ of the diffusor outlet, or of the furthest downstream diffusor section provided in the filament-travel direction over the depositing device is a maximum of 30°, preferably a maximum of 25° and very preferably a maximum of 20°.
  • the diffusor outlet angle ⁇ is measured between a diffusor wall of the divergent diffusor section and the longitudinal central axis M of the diffusor.
  • the diffusor walls of the divergent diffusor section forming the diffusor outlet are pivotable so that the diffusor outlet angle ⁇ is variable or adjustable. It is recommended that the width B of the diffusor outlet of the divergent diffusor section in the transverse direction CD is a maximum of 300%, preferably a maximum of 250% and preferably a maximum of 200% of the corresponding width VB of the outlet gap of the stretcher or the stretch passage of the stretcher.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the spacing of the diffusor or the lower edge, in particular the lowest lower edge, of the diffusor from the deposition device or from the depositing foraminous belt is 20 mm to 300 mm, in particular 30 mm to 150 mm and preferably 30 mm to 120 mm.
  • a monomer extractor is provided between the spinneret and the cooler. This monomer extractor pulls air from the filament formation space or passage underneath the spinneret. This way, gases emerging along with the continuous filaments such as monomers, oligomers, decomposition products and the like can be removed from the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the monomer extractor advantageously has at least one extraction chamber to which an extraction fan is connected. The extraction chamber is provided with at least one extraction slot through which the gases are pulled from the filament formation space.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention contributes to a particularly effective solution of the technical problem characterized in that at least one first deformable seal is provided between the spinneret and the monomer extractor for sealing a first gap formed between the spinneret and the monomer extractor and/or at least one second deformable seal is provided between the monomer extractor and the cooler for sealing a second gap formed between the monomer extractor and the cooler and/or at least one third deformable seal is provided between the cooler and the stretcher or an intermediate passage of the stretcher for sealing a third gap formed between the cooler and the stretcher or the intermediate passage.
  • the installation properties, in particular the pressing force or the pressing pressure of such a deformable seal are variable or adjustable relative to the boundary regions or boundary surfaces of the respective gap.
  • such a preferred deformable seal extends over the entire width or over the entire CD width transverse to the machine direction of the apparatus according to the invention. It lies within the scope of the invention that such a deformable seal runs angularly around over the entire circumference or substantially over the entire circumference of the filament flow passage formed by the cooler, stretcher, and diffuser. It lies further within the scope of the invention that the height h of a gap to be sealed with a deformable seal is 3 to 35 mm, in particular 5 mm to 30 mm and that the at least one deformable seal seals over this height h of the gap.
  • irregularities of the height h of the gap can be compensated for by variation or adjustment of the installation properties of the seal in this height direction. It is recommended that the seal can be filled or is filled with a fluid medium and that adjustment or adjustment of the seal is accomplished by introducing the fluid medium into the seal or by removing the fluid medium from the seal.
  • the at least one deformable seal is an inflatable seal.
  • the deformable seal can also have at least one sealing element pressed by at least one spring element onto a boundary surface of the gap to be sealed.
  • the sealing element can in particular comprise a seal lip and the seal can thus comprise a spring-loaded seal lip.
  • the sealing element is advantageously fixed on a surface bounding the gap to be sealed and presses the sealing element or the seal lip against the opposite boundary surface of the gap.
  • the at least one deformable seal is adapted such that a seal is made at a pressure in the filament flow passage of more than 2000 Pa, in particular of more than 2500 Pa.
  • the invention is based on the discovery that, with the apparatus according to the invention, nonwoven webs or spunbond with exceptional quality can be produced.
  • homogeneous filament deposition and therefore a homogeneous nonwoven web can be produced both in the machine direction and also transversely to the machine direction.
  • An optimal homogeneous nonwoven deposition can be achieved in particular even at higher or at high production speeds.
  • High filament speeds and therefore low titers of the filaments can be achieved with the apparatus according to the invention, with nevertheless good homogeneous filament deposition.
  • High filament speeds and low titers can easily be achieved at high throughputs or production speeds of for example more than 400 m/min.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through an apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the detail shown at II in the lower region of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the drawing shows an apparatus according to the invention for making spunbond of continuous filaments 1 , in particular of continuous thermoplastic.
  • the device has a spinneret 2 for spinning the continuous filaments 1 downward in a filament-travel direction FS as well as a cooler 3 downstream from the spinneret 2 for cooling the spun filaments 1 .
  • a monomer extractor 4 is provided between the spinneret 2 and the cooler 3 .
  • perturbing gases produced during the spinning process can be removed from the device.
  • These can be, for example, monomers, oligomers or decomposition products and similar substances.
  • a gap 5 is formed between the monomer extractor 4 and the cooler 3 that usually runs around the entire filament formation space or filament flow space.
  • at least one deformable seal 6 for sealing this gap 5 is between the monomer extractor 4 and the cooler 3 .
  • the seal 6 runs in the gap 5 extends around the entire filament formation space or filament flow space.
  • the installation properties, in particular the pressing force or the pressing pressure of the seal 6 relative to the boundary surfaces of the gap 5 can be varied or adjusted.
  • a vertical height h of the gap 5 here may be 5 to 30 mm and the at least one deformable seal 6 seals the gap 5 over this vertical height h of the gap 5 .
  • the at least one deformable seal 6 has a seal 6 that can be inflated with a fluid medium. By supplying or removing the fluid medium, preferably air, the installation properties, in particular the pressing force or the pressing pressure of the seal 6 , can be varied.
  • the cooler 3 has two cooling chambers provided one above the other or consecutively in which the filaments can be acted upon in particular with process air or cooling air at different temperature.
  • a cooler 3 with only one cooling chamber is possible within the scope of the invention.
  • a stretcher 7 for elongating the filaments 1 is provided downstream of the cooler 3 in the filament-travel direction FS.
  • the cooler 3 opens into an intermediate passage 8 that connects the cooler 3 to a stretch passage 9 of the stretcher 7 .
  • the subassembly comprising the cooler 3 , the intermediate passage 8 and the stretch passage 9 is configured as a closed system. Apart from the supply of cooling air in the cooler 3 , no further air is supplied to this subassembly 3 , 8 , 9 .
  • the air guided through the stretcher 7 or through the stretch passage 9 is here and subsequently designated as primary air P.
  • at least one diffusor 10 downstream of the stretcher 7 in the filament-travel direction FS there is at least one diffusor 10 .
  • two opposite secondary air-inlet gaps 11 and 12 for the introduction of secondary air S are provided between the stretcher 7 or its stretch passage 9 and the diffusor 10 .
  • the secondary air-inlet gaps 11 and 12 extend over the entire transverse or CD width of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the secondary air is supplied through the secondary air-inlet gaps at an inflow angle ⁇ that is less than 100°, advantageously less than or equal to 90°, preferably less than 80° and here less than 45°.
  • the inflow angle ⁇ is between 0 and 60°, preferably between 2 and 50°.
  • suitable adapted inflow guides 13 are provided that here are configured as inflow passages 14 connected obliquely to the secondary air-inlet gaps 11 and 12 .
  • the inflow passages 14 form an angle with the filament-travel direction FS or with the longitudinal central axis M such that the secondary air can flow in at the specified inflow angle ⁇ .
  • a quasi-parallel inflow of secondary air to the filament-travel direction FS takes place.
  • the volume flow of secondary air supplied through the secondary air-inlet gaps 11 and 12 can be adjusted. This can be achieved in particular by adjusting the cross-sections of the secondary air-inlet gaps 11 and 12 . In principle, different volume flows of supplied secondary air S can also be adjusted for the two opposite secondary air-inlet gaps 11 and 12 .
  • the secondary air volume flow flowing in through the secondary air-inlet gaps 11 and 12 preferably relative to each secondary air-inlet gap 11 and 12 , can be adjusted or varied transversely to the machine direction or over the CD width. In this case, the supplied secondary air volume flow in the edge regions or the device or the secondary air-inlet gaps 11 and 12 is advantageously different compared with the central region of the device or the central region of the secondary air-inlet gaps 11 and 12 .
  • the ratio of volume flows of primary air and secondary air VP/VS is less than 5:1 and preferably less than 4.5:1.
  • the diffusor 10 is provided in the filament-travel direction FS underneath the stretcher 7 .
  • the diffusor 10 provided here according to the figures has a convergent diffusor section 15 downstream of or underneath the secondary air-inlet gaps 11 and 12 in the filament-travel direction FS.
  • this convergent diffusor section 15 is followed by a constriction 16 of the diffusor 10 .
  • the diffusor 10 is preferably and here provided with a divergent diffusor section 17 .
  • the divergent diffusor section 17 of the diffusor 10 in the filament-travel direction FS is longer or significantly longer than the convergent diffusor section 15 .
  • the length l, of the convergent diffusor section 15 is less than 50% of the length l D of the divergent diffusor section 17 .
  • the diffusor outlet angle ⁇ between a diffusor wall 18 of the divergent diffusor section 17 and the longitudinal central axis M of the diffusor 14 is a maximum of 25°.
  • the width B of the diffusor outlet 19 is a maximum of 300%, preferably a maximum of 250% of the width VB of the outlet gap 20 of the stretch passage 9 .
  • the continuous filaments 1 emerging from the diffusor 10 are deposited on a deposition device configured as a foraminous belt 21 for filament deposition to form the nonwoven web 22 .
  • the deposited filament or nonwoven web 22 is conveyed or transported away by the depositing foraminous belt 21 in the machine direction MD.
  • a suction device for extracting air or process air through the deposition device or through the depositing foraminous belt 12 is provided.
  • an extraction region 23 is provided underneath the diffusor outlet 19 that preferably has a width b in the machine direction (MD). This width b of the extraction region 23 is according to the invention greater than the width B of the diffusor outlet 19 .
  • the widths b and B are shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the width b of the extraction region 23 is at least 1.2 times, preferably at least 1.3 times the width B of the diffusor outlet 19 .
  • the width B of the diffusor outlet 19 is measured as the horizontal spacing of the lower edges of the diffusor walls 18 . If the edges of the diffusor walls 18 of the divergent diffusor section 17 are at the same horizontal plane or do not end at the same vertical height, the distance of the end of the longer diffusor wall 18 from the end of a downward extension of the shorter diffusor wall 18 is measured.
  • the extraction region 23 located underneath the depositing foraminous belt 21 is delimited by two partitions 27 and 28 provided consecutively in the machine direction MD.
  • the width b of the extraction region 23 is measured as the distance between the two partitions 27 and 28 and specifically as the spacing of the upper edges of the two partitions 27 , 28 . It can be particularly seen from FIG. 2 that relative to the machine direction MD downstream of the deposition region of the filaments 1 the extraction region 23 projects by a first extraction section 24 beyond the diffusor outlet 19 or over the width B of the diffusor outlet 19 .
  • the extraction region 23 projects by a second extraction section 25 upstream (in direction MD) beyond the diffusor outlet 19 or beyond the width B of the diffusor outlet 19 .
  • FIG. 2 shows that the first extraction section 24 has a width b 1 and the second extraction section 25 has a width b 2 .
  • the widths b 1 and b 2 are the same. In principle however, they could also be different.
  • the extraction by the depositing foraminous belt 21 takes place such that in the region of the diffusor outlet 19 , tertiary air T flows along the outer surfaces 26 toward the foraminous belt 21 being deposited.
  • the flows of the tertiary air T are aligned parallel or substantially parallel to the mixed flow of primary air P and secondary air S flowing toward the diffusor outlet 19 of the diffusor 10 .
  • primary air P and secondary air S as well as tertiary air T are sucked through the depositing foraminous belt 21 .
  • the flows of primary air P, secondary air S and tertiary air T flow parallel or almost parallel through the depositing foraminous belt 12 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
US15/939,753 2017-03-31 2018-03-29 Apparatus for making spunbond from continuous filaments Abandoned US20180282926A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

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US17/154,198 US11603614B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2021-01-21 Apparatus for making spunbond
US18/118,377 US20230203729A1 (en) 2017-03-31 2023-03-07 Apparatus for making spunbond

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP17164375.2 2017-03-31
EP17164375.2A EP3382081B1 (de) 2017-03-31 2017-03-31 Vorrichtung zur herstellung von spinnvliesen aus endlosfilamenten

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US11618983B2 (en) * 2019-07-30 2023-04-04 Reifenhaeuser Gmbh & Co. Kg Maschinenfabrik Making a nonwoven from filaments
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CN116695266B (zh) * 2023-08-09 2023-11-17 江苏新视界先进功能纤维创新中心有限公司 气流牵伸系统、包含该气流牵伸系统的装置及应用

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ES2751161T3 (es) 2020-03-30
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SA118390477B1 (ar) 2021-11-23
AR111445A1 (es) 2019-07-17
JO3481B1 (ar) 2020-07-05
EP3382081A1 (de) 2018-10-03
RU2018111083A (ru) 2019-10-02
CO2018003214A1 (es) 2019-03-29
CN108691097A (zh) 2018-10-23
RU2704908C2 (ru) 2019-10-31
JP2018172841A (ja) 2018-11-08
DK3382081T3 (da) 2019-11-11
CN108691097B (zh) 2021-10-29
MY191354A (en) 2022-06-18
CA2997488C (en) 2021-04-06
ZA201801818B (en) 2019-01-30
BR102018006571A2 (pt) 2018-11-21
KR102213092B1 (ko) 2021-02-04
RU2018111083A3 (es) 2019-10-02
JOP20180032A1 (ar) 2019-01-30
CA2997488A1 (en) 2018-09-30
MX2018003621A (es) 2018-11-22
EP3382081B1 (de) 2019-08-28
JP6851341B2 (ja) 2021-03-31
KR20180111576A (ko) 2018-10-11

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