US20180237988A1

US20180237988A1 - Stranding machine

Info

Publication number: US20180237988A1
Application number: US15/548,515
Authority: US
Inventors: Helmut Lammermann; Jurgen KOHL; Andreas Kraus
Original assignee: Maschinenfabrik Niehoff GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Maschinenfabrik Niehoff GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2015-02-05
Filing date: 2016-02-03
Publication date: 2018-08-23
Also published as: DE102015001430A1; EP3253916A1; MX2017010036A; RU2017125360A; CN107208370A; WO2016124638A1; JP2018507515A

Abstract

In a first embodiment, the invention relates to a stranding machine for wires having two wrap-around rollers having wrap-around tracks arranged on the circumference thereof, whereby the wire can be guided in such a way that the wire runs through the first and second wrap-around tracks preferably in alternation in preferably 8-shaped or 0-shaped wraps. In a second embodiment, the stranding machine has a winding device for winding the wire onto a reel having a laying device that can be moved along a movement axis parallel to the reel axis and having a plurality of rotatably supported deflecting rollers, whereby the wire can be guided in such a way that the wire runs onto and/or from each of the deflecting rollers substantially in the plane of rotation of the deflecting roller. In this way, the produced wire has lower twist and lower torsional stresses, which makes the further processing of the wire, in particular the winding, assembly, crimping, and extrusion of a plastic insulation around the wire easier and which increases the number of possible bending reversal cycles.

Description

The entire content of priority application DE 10 2015 001 430.7 is herewith incorporated into the present application by reference.
The present invention relates to a stranding machine for producing a stranded wire from a plurality of preferably metal wires. Multiple such wires are stranded together in the stranding machine; i.e. processed into a stranded wire. The wires are thereby preferably manufactured from a copper alloy, particularly preferentially from a copper/magnesium or copper/tin alloy with, for example, a 0.2 or 0.3% percentage of magnesium or tin, or equally preferably from a copper/silver alloy.
A stranding machine of the type considered comprises a stranding apparatus for stranding the wires.
Preferably, the stranding apparatus comprises a rotating rotor which has an elongated rotor bow curved radially outward and is rotatably supported at its two ends. The plurality of wires is fed to the rotor and guided over the rotor bow, whereby the wires are twisted at one or more stranding points.
Preferably, the stranding machine comprises a rotatably supported draw-off disk for drawing the stranded wire off of the stranding apparatus. Preferably, the draw-off disk is driven so as to be able to generate the tensile strength needed to draw off the stranded wire.
After the stranded wire has been drawn off the stranding apparatus, the stranded wire is preferably wound onto a spool by means of a suitable winding apparatus or can also be directly processed further. If the stranded wire is wound onto a spool, the spool generally exhibits a cylindrical winding core for the wrapping of the stranded wire as well as a respective disk-shaped flange at the winding core's two ends to prevent the windings from slipping off the winding core. When the stranded wire is being wrapped, the spool generally rotates about the winding core's longitudinal axis (referred to as “spool axis” for short in the following).
In particular with stranding machines of the above construction having a rotor bow, which are operated as double-twist stranding machines, the draw-off disk, if applicable, and also the winding apparatus, if applicable, and the spool for winding up the stranded wire are preferably arranged within the rotative volume of the rotor bow; i.e. within the area about which the rotor bow rotates. There is thus only limited available space for the draw-off disk, the winding apparatus and/or spool. The spool axis can thereby be substantially perpendicular to the rotor axis, substantially parallel to the rotor axis or can also be arranged at a different angularity to the rotor axis. The stranded wire preferably exits the rotor along the rotor axis.
A problem with the stranded wires produced is that they can exhibit twist and torsional stresses; i.e. the stranded wire has a tendency to bend, “kink” and also “curl”; i.e. form loops, in the unstressed state.
This is problematic for the subsequent processing of the stranded wire, particularly when winding onto a spool, when assembling and when crimping; i.e. when clamping connectors onto the stranded wire.
Extruding is thereby also hindered; i.e. the encapsulating of the stranded wire in plastic insulation in an extrusion process. In particular, the cited phenomena impedes the use of so-called bag pay-offs which run continuously during extrusion in place of rotating tangential pay-offs which do not run continuously and only allow a significantly lower strand feed rate.
Lastly, the twist and torsional stresses in the stranded wire reduce potential bending cycles; i.e. the number of viable bending cycles without material fatigue or failure.
It is thus the task of the present invention to specify a stranding machine and a method for producing a stranded wire such that the stranded wire produced has at best lower twist and lower torsional stresses.
This task is solved by the stranding machine and the method for producing a stranded wire in accordance with the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims.
The invention is based on the knowledge that the twist and torsional stresses in the stranded wire can be reduced by elongating the stranded wire, in particular also by repeatedly bending the stranded wire in different directions, wherein a mechanical tension is preferably applied to the stranded wire. At the same time, the stranded wire is to be guided such that no additional loads or tensions able to increase the twist or torsional stressing of the strand can act on the stranded wire.
Various measures which take this knowledge into account are thus implemented in the inventive stranding machine and inventive method for producing a stranded wire.
One preferential embodiment of the stranding machine according to the invention provides for, in addition to the stranding apparatus, a first rotatably supported wrap-around roller having one or more first circumferential wrap-around tracks arranged on its circumference and a second rotatably supported wrap-around roller having one or more second circumferential wrap-around tracks arranged on its circumference. The first and the second wrap-around rollers are thereby provided for the stranded wire to at least partially wind around in each case while on the first wrap-around track or the second wrap-around track. Neither in a projection along the axis of the first wrap-around roller nor in a projection along the axis of the second wrap-around roller does one of the first wrap-around tracks cross one of the second wrap-around tracks. The stranded wire can thus be guided such that it runs in each case at least partly through each first and each second wrap-around track.
The wrap-around tracks are preferably circumferential circular slots, grooves or spaces limited on both sides by radially elevated rims at the circumference of the respective wrap-around roller in which the stranded wire can be guided.
With each bend of the stranded wire along a wrap-around track, the twist and the torsional stresses in the stranded wire are thereby reduced to the desired effect and the stranded wire thus “straightened.” A sufficiently high number of wrap-around tracks on the two wrap-around rollers thereby act as a type of “torsional block” on the stranded wire.
Selecting large enough radii for the wrap-around rollers, and thus the bending radii of the stranded wire on the wrap-around tracks, can also prevent strand damage, in particular wire breakage or fracturing due to excessive bending. Such damage can occur upon excessive bending particularly in the case of relatively stiff wires, in particular with wires produced from the above-cited copper alloys since such alloys can have relatively low elasticity, e.g. under 3%.
Thereby resulting at the same time is a compact arrangement to the wrap-around rollers, which can in particular be very closely spaced from one another, whereby the arrangement can also be easily accommodated within the rotative volume of the rotor bow.
One preferential embodiment of the inventive stranding machine having two wrap-around rollers provides for exactly one first and exactly one second wrap-around track.
Increasing the number of first and second wrap-around tracks can thereby multiply and thus intensify the elongating action exerted on the stranded wire.
In one preferential embodiment of the inventive stranding machine having two wrap-around rollers, all of the first and second wrap-around tracks are arranged in planes substantially parallel to one another. So doing enables the stranded wire to be guided in particularly straight manner when wrapping around the first and second wrap-around roller along the first and second wrap-around tracks.
In one preferential variant of this embodiment, the parallel planes in which the first and the second wrap-around tracks are arranged are alternatingly disposed one after another in a direction perpendicular to these planes. In this case, the stranded wire preferably runs through the windings of the first and second wrap-around tracks in accordingly alternating manner from a first wrap-around track in a first plane to a second wrap-around track in a second plane directly adjacent the first plane and vice versa. By so doing, stranded wire deflection perpendicular to the planes can be kept particularly low.
If, in contrast, there is exactly one first and exactly one second wrap-around track, arranging them in substantially the same plane is then advisable.
The wrap-around rollers can, however, also be arranged with their axes inclined toward one another. In this case, the axes of the wrap-around rollers can either cross; i.e. the axes lie in one plane, or these axes do not cross; i.e. they do not lie in one plane and are thus in a skewed relationship.
In one preferential embodiment of the inventive stranding machine having two wrap-around rollers, the first or the second wrap-around roller is at the same time a draw-off disk for drawing the stranded wire off of the stranding apparatus. This dual function to the first or the second wrap-around roller yields savings in terms of components and available space. Should one of the wrap-around rollers concurrently be a draw-off disk, the other wrap-around roller is also called a lifting roller.
It is however also possible for the stranding machine to have a draw-off disk separate from the first and the second wrap-around roller, whereby more flexible design options result, in particular a spatial separation and/or distinct spatial orientations to the draw-off disk on the one hand and the two wrap-around rollers on the other.
A further preferential embodiment of the inventive stranding machine provides for, in addition to the stranding apparatus, a winding apparatus for winding the stranded wire onto a spool, wherein the winding apparatus comprises a laying device able to move along a movement axis parallel to the spool axis and a plurality of rotatably supported deflecting rollers provided for the stranded wire to at least partly wind around, whereby the stranded wire can be guided in such a way that at all times during the winding process it runs onto each of the deflecting rollers substantially in the plane of rotation of the deflecting roller and/or runs off each of the deflecting rollers substantially in the plane of rotation of the deflecting roller.
This is thereby preferably effected by the rotational planes of respectively two successive deflecting rollers—if these rotational planes are not already identical—crossing along the movement of the stranded wire at the straight stretches in which the stranded wire runs between the two deflecting rollers.
Running onto and/or running off a deflecting roller in its plane of rotation prevents the stranded wire from thereby realizing lateral rotational movements which could increase the twist or the torsional stresses in the stranded wire. Such lateral rotational movements have a particularly negative effect on the stranded wire when there is a very large strand run-on/run-off angle relative to the rotational plane of the deflecting roller, for example when the displaceable laying device is near an end of the winding core.
In one preferential embodiment of the inventive stranding machine having a winding apparatus, the stranded wire can be guided within the winding apparatus so as to run parallel to the spool axis when running onto the laying device. The stranded wire then has the same winding angle relative to the displaceable laying device at each of its movement positions since the movement axis of same then also runs parallel to the spool axis. This facilitates an arrangement of those deflecting rollers in the laying device onto which the stranded wire first runs in that the stranded wire runs onto the deflecting roller in its rotational plane.
In a further preferential embodiment of the inventive stranding machine having a winding apparatus, at least one of the deflecting rollers is mounted such that its axis is pivotable. It thereby becomes possible to realize a spatial progression of the stranded wire which changes over time, whereby continued to be ensured is that the stranded wire will at all times run onto or respectively off of each deflecting roller in its plane of rotation.
Preferably, the at least one deflecting roller with pivotable axis is arranged on the laying device.
In one preferential variant of this embodiment, the pivoting of the axis of the at least one deflecting roller can be controlled as a function of the movement position of the laying device along the movement axis. Preferably, this control is at least partly mechanical and, particularly preferably, purely mechanical. The pivoting of the deflecting roller axis accordingly also changes the angle of inclination of the deflecting roller's rotational plane. Applicably controlling the pivoting of the axis can therefore achieve the rotational plane of the deflecting roller always having the correct angle for the running of the stranded wire onto or respectively off of the previous and/or subsequent deflecting roller substantially in the plane of rotation of the deflecting roller at all times during the winding process. The winding apparatus is thereby automatically angle-aligning.
Doing so enables compensating for the movement of the stranded wire during the winding process, which likewise changes over time by the changing movement position of the laying device with time.
In a further preferential embodiment of the invention, the stranding machine furthermore has a cross section modifying device, in particular a drawing die, through which the stranded wire can be guided.
A cross section modifying device is hereby to be understood as a device for reducing or respectively lowering, adapting, in particular compacting, equalizing and/or permanently changing the form of the stranded wire's cross section or its surface area respectively. This is preferably achieved by changing, in particular decreasing, the distances of the individual wires in the stranded wire from one another and/or by changing the cross section of the individual wires. In both cases, any free spaces in the stranded wire's cross section can be better or even completely filled by the modified wire spacings and/or cross sections.
Preferentially, the cross section modifying device is arranged upstream of the draw-off disk, if provided, as viewed in the stranded wire's direction of movement. So doing allows the tensile force of the draw-off disk to be used as the force for affecting the cross section, in particular pulling the stranded wire through a drawing die and thus effecting a compacting.
In a further preferential embodiment of the invention, the stranding apparatus comprises an elongated rotor bow which is designed such that the wires to be stranded or the stranded wire can slide along a contact surface on a longitudinal side of said rotor bow, whereby said contact surface is provided with a diamond-like carbon material. The contact surface is thereby preferably designed as a coating or a deposit of such a material.
A “diamond-like carbon” (DLC) here usually refers to a mixture of sp³-hybridized and sp²-hybridized carbon having an amorphous structure which exhibits some of the typical properties of diamond.
Diamond-like carbon has very good friction and wear reducing properties, whereby the friction between the rotor bow and the wires or stranded wire respectively is greatly decreased. This permits higher production speeds, better surface quality and lower frictional load on the stranded wire. This in turn also results in lower twist and lower torsional stresses and thus a straighter stranded wire.
In a further preferential embodiment of the invention, the stranding apparatus comprises a winding apparatus for winding the stranded wire onto a spool, whereby the winding force of the winding apparatus can be controlled or regulated. The winding force is hereby the tensile force the spool exerts on the stranded wire to be wound. The appropriate control or regulating of the winding force plastically deforms, in particular stretch-levels, the stranded wire, thereby likewise reducing the twist and torsional stresses in the stranded wire and thus improving its straightness.
The measuring, controlling and/or regulating of the winding force is preferably effected by a load cell.
In a method according to the invention for producing a stranded wire, to be realized with an inventive stranding machine in the embodiment having two wrap-around rollers, it is provided for the wires to be stranded in the stranding apparatus and the stranded wire to run at least partly through each first and each second wrap-around track.
The effects and advantages described above with respect to the inventive stranding machine follow for the inventive method.
In one preferential embodiment of the method, the stranded wire runs in each case at least partly through the first and second wrap-around track in alternating manner.
In a further preferential embodiment of the method, the stranded wire forms at least one 8-shaped or 0-shaped wrap of the first and the second wrap-around roller when running through the first and second wrap-around tracks.
An “8-shaped wrap” of the first and the second wrap-around roller is hereby to be understood as a movement of the stranded wire in which the stranded wire, as seen in its direction of motion, preferably enters the first wrap-around roller tangentially at a first point on the far side from the second wrap-around roller, then runs through the first wrap-around roller on a first wrap-around track from the first point to a second point at the far side from the second wrap-around roller, exits the first wrap-around track preferably tangentially at the second point, runs preferably in a straight line to a diagonally facing third point on the second wrap-around roller, runs partly through the second wrap-around roller on a second wrap-around track to a fourth point at the far side from the first wrap-around roller, exits the second wrap-around track preferably tangentially at the fourth point, runs preferably in a straight line to a diagonally facing fifth point on the first wrap-around roller and partly runs through same or another first wrap-around track to a sixth point, upon which the stranded wire again exits the first wrap-around track preferably tangentially at the sixth point.
The two preferably straight partial segments of the stranded wire between the two wrap-around rollers thereby form a crossover point between the two wrap-around rollers in a projection perpendicular to the planes of the two wrap-around rollers. Hence, the movement of the stranded wire around the two wrap-around rollers resembles the number “8.”
In the case of an 8-shaped wrap, the two wrap-around rollers thus turn in opposite direction.
An “0-shaped wrap” of a first and a second wrap-around roller is to be understood as a similar stranded wire movement around the two wrap-around rollers as in an 8-shaped wrap, except that the selected third and fifth point are not diagonal to but instead directly opposite the respective other wrap-around roller.
The two preferably straight partial segments of the stranded wire between the two wrap-around rollers thereby do not cross in a projection perpendicular to the planes of the two wrap-around rollers. Hence, the movement of the stranded wire around the two wrap-around rollers resembles the number “0.”
The two wrap-around rollers thus turn in the same direction in an 0-shaped wrap.
An 8-shaped wrap has the advantage of the stranded wire thereby being bent in different directions whereas it is always bent in the same direction in an 0-shaped wrap.
Naturally, the respective first and second wrap-around roller or track respectively can also be transposed in the definitions for an 8-shaped/0-shaped wrap.
The stranded wire wrap angle around the wrap-around tracks is smaller in the case of an 0-shaped wrap than it is in an 8-shaped wrap. It is therefore particularly advantageous with an 0-shaped wrap for the first and second wrap-around tracks to be arranged in planes substantially parallel to one another since this then lowers the risk of the stranded wire slipping or running off of the wrap-around tracks.
The wrap-around rollers can, however, also be arranged with their axes inclined toward one another. This is advantageous particularly in the case of an 8-shaped wrap.
In one method according to the invention for producing a stranded wire, to be realized with an inventive stranding machine in the embodiment having a winding apparatus with a plurality of rotatably supported deflecting rollers, the wires are stranded together in the stranding apparatus and the stranded wire runs onto each of the deflecting rollers substantially in the plane of rotation of the deflecting roller and/or runs off each of the deflecting rollers substantially in the plane of rotation of the deflecting roller at all times during the winding process.
In one preferential embodiment of the method, the stranded wire runs parallel to the spool axis when running onto the laying device.
In a further preferential embodiment of the method, the axis of at least one of the deflecting rollers is pivoted as a function of the movement position of the laying device along the movement axis.
The effects and advantages described above with respect to the inventive stranding machine follow for the inventive method.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are depicted in the accompanying partly schematic drawings in conjunction with the following description. Thereby shown are:

FIG. 1 a perspective depiction of a detail of a stranding machine according to the invention showing the movement of the stranded wire;

FIG. 2 the automatic angle-aligning connection of two deflecting rollers via a linkage;

FIG. 3 depictions of an 8-shaped and an 0-shaped wrap of the first and the second wrap-around roller by the stranded wire.

The inventive stranding machine (1) depicted in FIG. 1 is a double-twist stranding machine having a stranding apparatus in which a rotor with a rotor bow (not depicted) rotates. A housing 14 is suspended at its left and at its right end within the rotative volume of the rotor bow at two separate rotor shaft sections (not depicted) by means of two rotor shaft bearing housings 7.
A first wrap-around roller 3, which is at the same time a draw-off disk, a second wrap-around roller 4 as well as a spool (not depicted) and a winding apparatus 8 for winding the stranded wire onto the spool is mounted on the housing 14.
In FIG. 1, the first wrap-around roller 3 and the second wrap-around roller 4 are arranged vertically one atop the other and with parallel axes to one another. Five circumferential parallel first wrap-around tracks 5 ₁. . . , 5 ₅are arranged on the circumference of the first wrap-around roller 3. Four circumferential parallel second wrap-around tracks 6 ₁. . . , 6 ₄are arranged on the circumference of the second wrap-around roller 4. Of course, however, other numbers of first and second wrap-around tracks can also be selected. The first and second wrap-around tracks 5 ₁. . . , 5 ₅, 6 ₁. . . , 6 ₄are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction of the wrap-around rollers 3, 4 and namely in the order—seen from the rear—of 5 ₁, 6 ₁, 5 ₂, 6 ₂, 5 ₃, 6 ₃, 5 ₄, 6 ₄, 5 ₅. The wrap-around tracks are preferably in the form of wedge-shaped grooves respectively limited on both sides by a flange.
The movement of the stranded wire 2, indicated by the arrow, can be seen as of the position at which, coming from a stranding point at the rotor, it exits the rotor shaft bearing housing 7 along the rotor axis. The right rotor shaft section is designed as a hollow shaft to enable the stranded wire to be fed through. The rotor axis and thus the exiting direction of the stranded wire are at the height of the rear first wrap-around track 5 ₁in the axial direction of the wrap-around rollers 3, 4 and at the lower edge of said first wrap-around track 5 ₁in the vertical direction.
The stranded wire 2 runs horizontally and tangentially onto the first wrap-around track 5 ₁and continues thereon in the clockwise direction until exiting the first wrap-around track 5 ₁on the left side and tangentially entering the second wrap-around track 6 ₁on the right side in a diagonal straight line.
From there, the stranded wire 2 further runs counterclockwise onto the second wrap-around track 6 ₁until exiting the second wrap-around track 6 ₁on the left side and tangentially entering the first wrap-around track 5 ₂on the right side in a diagonal straight line.
In this way, the stranded wire 2 runs through all the first and second wrap-around tracks 5 ₁. . . , 5 ₅, 6 ₁. . . , 6 ₄in the above-cited order from rear to front in 8-shaped wraps of the first and second wrap-around rollers 3, 4.
Seen from the front, the first wrap-around roller 3 rotates clockwise during the operation of the stranding machine 1, the second wrap-around roller 4 counter-clockwise.
Lastly, the stranded wire 2 tangentially runs horizontally off from the furthest forward first wrap-around track 5 ₅and on to a winding apparatus 8 having a plurality of deflecting rollers 9, 10 where it is wound onto a spool (nor depicted).
The repeated bending when running through the first and second wrap-around tracks 5 ₁. . . , 5 ₅, 6 ₁. . . , 6 ₄reduces the twist and the torsional stresses in the stranded wire 2.
Functionally independent of the first and the second wrap-around roller 3, 4, the inventive stranding machine 1 according to FIG. 1 comprises a winding apparatus 8 having a laying device 15.
The winding apparatus 8 comprises a first deflecting roller 9, a second deflecting roller 10, a third deflecting roller 11, a fourth deflecting roller 12 and a fifth deflecting roller 13, all of which are rotatably supported. The first deflecting roller 9, the second deflecting roller 10 and the third deflecting roller 11 are mounted on the housing 14, the fourth deflecting roller 12 and the fifth deflecting roller 13 on the laying device 15.
The winding apparatus 8 serves to wind the stranded wire 2 running off of the first wrap-around roller 3 (or, respectively, in an embodiment of the stranding machine 1 without first and second wrap-around rollers 3, 4, exiting the rotor shaft bearing housing 7) onto a (not depicted) spool.
The laying device 15 can be moved by means of a spindle drive, with a spindle (not depicted) running through a spindle support 17 in the laying device 15, along a movement axis parallel to the spool axis over such a distance that the fifth deflecting roller 13, also called the laying roller, can situate over any point along the longitudinal extension of the winding core. The spool axis and thus the movement axis of the laying device 15 are in this embodiment of the stranding machine 1 arranged at right angles to the rotor axis.
During the winding process, the laying device 15 runs back and forth between the two ends of the winding core and thus causes the stranded wire 2 to be wound in windings onto the spool rotating about the spool axis.
Upon reaching an end of the winding core, the laying device 15 changes its direction of movement. Thus, with each movement sequence of the laying device 15 from one end of the winding core to the other, a further layer of windings of the stranded wire 2 is formed on the spool.
The stranded wire 2 is thereby guided in the laying device 15 starting from the run-off point of the stranded wire 2 from the first wrap-around roller 3 (respectively the exit point of the stranded wire 2 from the rotor shaft bearing housing 7) as follows:
First, the stranded wire 2 runs around the first deflecting roller 9 at an angle of 90 degrees as well as around the second deflecting roller 10 at an angle of 180 degrees such that it is deflected a total of 270 degrees. While the axis of the first deflecting roller 9 is perpendicular to the surface of the housing 14, the axis of the second deflecting roller 10 is slightly tilted to same such that the stranded wire 2 is slightly deflected upward when running around the second deflecting roller 10 and does not make contact with the stranded wire 2 running onto the first deflecting roller 9 upon crossing same ((illustrated in the perspective FIG. 1 representation as the crossover point of the stranded wire 2 with itself)).
Instead of two deflecting rollers 9, 10, which deflect the stranded wire 2 a total of 270 degrees, one single deflecting roller deflecting the stranded wire 2 by 90 degrees could also be used. However, this single deflecting roller would have to have been arranged to the right behind the cited crossover point of the stranded wire with itself in FIG. 1 and would collide there with the first wrap-around roller 3. If, on the other hand, this single wrap-around roller were to be arranged further to the left in FIG. 1 in order to prevent the cited collision, the entire winding apparatus 8 would also have to be moved further to the left. This arrangement is likewise conceivable but it would, however, lead to a less compact arrangement in the limited available space within the rotative volume of the rotor bow.
After the described 270 degree deflection, the stranded wire runs parallel to the spool axis and thus also to the axis of movement of the laying device 15.
The stranded wire 2 is then deflected upward 90 degrees by the third deflecting roller 11 which is rotatably supported on a bearing block 24 fixedly connected to the housing 14. The end of the axis of the third deflecting roller 11 opposite the bearing block 24 at the same time serves as a pivot bearing for the lower end of a linkage 16. The linkage 16 points upward and is displaceably attached at its upper end to the laying device 15 by running through a through-hole in a linear guide block 18 designed as a linear guide, in particular a slide bearing. The lower end of the linkage 16 is slanted to the right at an angle of approximately 15 degrees from the vertical (cf. FIG. 2a ).
From the third deflecting roller 11, the stranded wire 2 runs virtually parallel to linkage 16 to the fourth deflecting roller 12 where it is deflected to the left by 90 degrees.
The linear guide block 18 is connected to the axis 19 of the fourth deflecting roller 12 in the laying device 15. The fourth deflecting roller 12 is rotatably supported about its axis 19 on a suspension 23. The suspension 23 is in turn rotatably supported on a housing section 25 of the laying device 15, wherein the rotational axis of the suspension 23 runs tangentially to the upper edge of the fourth deflecting roller 12 and corresponds to the intended direction at which the stand 2 runs off from the fourth deflecting roller 12 to the fifth deflecting roller 13. Thus, rotation of the suspension 23 allows the axis 19 of fourth deflecting roller 12 to pivot about the rotational axis of the suspension 23.
When the laying device 15 moves along the movement axis, the linkage 16 rotatably supported at its lower end relative to the housing 14 is pivoted and titled into a plane running parallel to the movement axis. The upper end of the linkage 16 thereby moves into the through-hole of the linear guide block 18, whereby the distance between the third deflecting roller 11 and the fourth deflecting roller 12 changes, although not the angle between the rotational planes of these two deflecting rollers. The linear guide block 18 and thus the rotational plane of the fourth deflecting roller 12 always have the same inclination relative to the cited plane running parallel to the movement axis during the movement of the laying device 15 as the linkage 16.
Details of the connection of the third deflecting roller 11 to the axis 19 of the fourth deflecting roller 12 by means of the linkage 16 are depicted in FIG. 2. A spacer 20 which passes through a drilled hole in the linear guide block 18 is slid onto axis 19. The distance needed between the linear guide block 18 or the linkage 16 respectively and the fourth deflecting roller 12 for guiding the stranded wire 2 is set by a further spacer 21. The fourth deflecting roller 12 is distanced from the suspension 23 to which the axis 19 is attached by a washer 22.
As again depicted in FIG. 1, the stranded wire 2 runs from the fourth deflecting roller 12 to the fifth deflecting roller 13 parallel to the rotor axis without further deflection. From there, it is deflected downward at an angle subject to the respective amount of spool content and runs onto the winding already having accumulated on the spool. The axis of the fifth deflecting roller 13 thereby runs parallel to the spool axis and to the movement axis of the laying device 15.
By virtue of the described construction and kinetics of the winding apparatus 8 and the corresponding stranded wire guidance, the stranded wire 2 runs onto each of the five deflecting rollers 9 to 13 in the rotational plane of the respective deflecting roller at all times during the winding process and also runs off them again in the rotational plane of the respective deflecting roller. This thereby results from the rotational planes of respectively two successive deflecting rollers along the movement of the stranded wire 2 crossing at those straight stretches where the stranded wire 2 runs between the two deflecting rollers.
Under that condition, it is also possible for the axis of one given deflecting roller to be tilted relative to the axis of the preceding deflecting roller along the movement of the stranded wire 2, as is also the case in the example embodiment according to FIG. 1 between two successive deflecting rollers.
In this way, the stranded wire 2 does not undergo any lateral rotational motion when running onto or off of a particular deflecting roller 9 to 13 which could adversely impact the twist or the torsional stresses in the stranded wire 2.
The winding apparatus 8 is automatically angle-aligning in the sense of the angle of inclination to axis 19 and thus also the rotational plane of the fourth deflecting roller 12 always being property aligned as a function of the movement position of the laying device 15 at the respective moment.
Of course, the stranding machine 1 can also be of mirror-inverted design compared to the above described embodiment; i.e. mirrored at a vertical central plane of the rotor perpendicularly along the rotor axis. The stranded wire 2 then exits the rotor shaft bearing housing at the left end and runs from there to the right. The further movement of the stranded wire 2 and the associated components of the stranding machine 1 are then also mirrored reflected relative to the above-described arrangement.
FIG. 3a ) shows a schematic view of an 8-shaped wrap and FIG. 3b ) a schematic view of an 0-shaped wrap of the first and second wrap-around roller 3, 4 in an axial projection of the wrap-around rollers 3, 4, whereby the direction of motion of the stranded wire 2 is indicated by arrows.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

1 stranding machine
2 stranded wire
3 first wrap-around roller/draw-off disk
4 second wrap-around roller
5 ₁, . . . , 5 ₅first wrap-around tracks
6 ₁, . . . , 6 ₄second wrap-around tracks
7 rotor shaft bearing housing
8 winding apparatus
9 first deflecting roller
10 second deflecting roller
11 third deflecting roller
12 fourth deflecting roller
13 fifth deflecting roller
14 housing
15 laying device
16 linkage
17 spindle support
18 linear guide block
19 fourth deflecting roller axis
20 spacer
21 spacer
22 washer
23 fourth deflecting roller suspension
24 third deflecting roller bearing block
25 laying device housing section

Claims

1. A stranding machine for producing a stranded wire from a plurality of preferably metal wires which comprises a stranding apparatus for stranding the wires, wherein a first rotatably supported wrap-around roller having one or more first circumferential wrap-around tracks arranged on its circumference and a second rotatably supported wrap-around roller (4) having one or more second circumferential wrap-around tracks arranged on its circumference, wherein the first and second wrap-around rollers are provided for the stranded wire to in each case at least partially wind around along the first wrap-around track or along the second wrap-around track respectively, wherein neither in a projection along the axis of the first wrap-around roller nor in a projection along the axis of the second wrap-around roller does one of the first wrap-around tracks cross one of the second wrap-around tracks and wherein the stranded wire can be guided so as to run in each case at least partly through each first and each second wrap-around track.

2. The stranding machine according to claim 1, wherein exactly one first and exactly one second wrap-around track is provided.

3. The stranding machine according to claim 1, wherein all of the first and second wrap-around tracks are arranged in planes substantially parallel to one another.

4. The stranding machine according to claim 3, wherein the parallel planes in which the first and the second wrap-around tracks are arranged are alternatingly disposed one after another in a direction perpendicular to said planes.

5. The stranding machine according to claim 1, wherein the first or the second wrap-around roller is concurrently a draw-off disk for drawing the stranded wire off from the stranding apparatus.

6. A stranding machine for producing a stranded wire from a plurality of preferably metal wires which comprises a stranding apparatus for stranding the wires and a winding apparatus for winding the stranded wire onto a spool, wherein the winding apparatus comprises a laying device able to move along a movement axis parallel to the spool axis and a plurality of rotatably supported deflecting rollers which are provided for the stranded wire to at least partly wind around in each case, wherein the stranded wire can be guided in such a way that at all times during the winding process it runs onto each of the deflecting rollers substantially in the plane of rotation of the deflecting roller and/or runs off each of the deflecting rollers substantially in the plane of rotation of the deflecting roller.

7. The stranding machine according to claim 6, wherein the stranded wire can be guided within the winding apparatus so as to run parallel to the spool axis when running onto the laying device.

8. The stranding machine according to claim 6, wherein at least one of the deflecting rollers is mounted such that its axis is pivotable.

9. The stranding machine according to claim 8, wherein the pivoting of the axis of the at least one deflecting roller can be controlled as a function of the movement position of the laying device along the movement axis.

10. The stranding machine according to claim 1, characterized by a cross section modifying device, in particular a drawing die, through which the stranded wire can be guided.

11. The stranding machine according to claim 1, wherein the stranding apparatus comprises an elongated rotor bow which is designed such that the wires to be stranded or the stranded wire can slide along a contact surface on a longitudinal side of said rotor bow, wherein said contact surface is provided with a diamond-like carbon material.

12. The stranding machine according to claim 1, characterized by a winding apparatus for winding the stranded wire onto a spool, wherein the winding force of the winding apparatus can be controlled or regulated.

13. A method for producing a stranded wire from a plurality of preferably metal wires to be executed in a stranding machine according to claim 1, wherein the wires are stranded in the stranding apparatus and the stranded wire runs in each case at least partly through each first and each second wrap-around track.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the stranded wire runs in each case at least partly through the first and second wrap-around tracks in alternating manner.

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the stranded wire forms at least one 8-shaped or 0-shaped wrap of the first and the second wrap-around roller when running through the first and second wrap-around tracks.

16. A method for producing a stranded wire from a plurality of preferably metal wires to be executed in a stranding machine according to claim 6, wherein the wires are stranded in the stranding apparatus and the stranded wire is guided such that it runs onto each of the deflecting rollers of the winding apparatus substantially in the plane of rotation of the deflecting roller and/or runs off each of these deflecting rollers substantially in the plane of rotation of the deflecting roller at all times during the winding process.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the stranded wire runs parallel to the spool axis when running onto the laying device.

18. The method according to claim 16, wherein the axis of at least one of the deflecting rollers is pivoted as a function of the movement position of the laying device along the movement axis.