US20180229284A1 - Forming method - Google Patents
Forming method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20180229284A1 US20180229284A1 US15/896,110 US201815896110A US2018229284A1 US 20180229284 A1 US20180229284 A1 US 20180229284A1 US 201815896110 A US201815896110 A US 201815896110A US 2018229284 A1 US2018229284 A1 US 2018229284A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- sheet blank
- roughness value
- predetermined roughness
- applying
- computer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
- B21D22/16—Spinning over shaping mandrels or formers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
- B21B13/08—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process
- B21B13/10—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process all axes being arranged in one plane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
- B21B1/227—Surface roughening or texturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2205/00—Particular shaped rolled products
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method of shear forming and particularly, but not exclusively, to a method of shear forming components for a gas turbine engine.
- Shear forming has been used to produce conical parts from sheet and plate material for many years.
- Shear forming is a cold forming technology whereby a flat metal plate blank (or ‘pre-form’) is mounted onto a rotating mandrel (typically having a conical surface profile) and the material is made to flow against and up the mandrel by the action of one or more rollers.
- the final wall thickness is achieved by controlling the gap between the roller and the mandrel so the material is displaced axially, and generally parallel to the axis of rotation.
- Sheet material used for shear forming, and having a thickness in excess of 3 mm is generally produced by a hot rolling process.
- a hot rolling process When carrying out shear forming using hot rolled sheet material in its ‘as-rolled’ form, it has been observed that there is a marked reduction in fatigue properties of the material after shear forming.
- the thickness tolerance on hot rolled sheet is often large (i.e. +/ ⁇ 10% from nominal values) due to process capability. This means that it is common practice for the ‘as-rolled’ sheet to be ground on both sides to meet the tolerances required by the engine application.
- a method of shear forming a component from a pre-formed metallic sheet blank the sheet blank having a first surface and an opposite second surface, the perpendicular separation between the first surface and the second surface defining a thickness of the sheet blank, the method comprising the steps of:
- the fatigue properties of the shear formed article do not reduce over those of the material itself.
- step (ii) comprises the step of:
- the fatigue properties of the shear formed article do not reduce over those of the material itself.
- step (ii) comprises the step of:
- a surface modification is applied to each of the first surface and the second surface.
- the roughness of the first surface is reduced to a first predetermined roughness value.
- the roughness of the second surface is reduced to a second predetermined roughness value.
- a feature of this embodiment is that the second predetermined roughness value being greater than the first predetermined roughness value.
- the surface modification process is selected from the group consisting of abrasive grinding, electrochemical grinding, electrolytic etching, electro-polishing, shot blasting, grit blasting, acid pickling, molten salt bath treatment, and etching.
- any surface modification process that substantially improves the surface finish of the first surface of the sheet blank may be used.
- this surface modification takes the form of surface grinding.
- the surface modification process may be electro-polishing, etching or some other equivalent technique.
- the sheet blank is formed from a material selected from the group comprising titanium alloys nickel-cobalt-based superalloys, stainless steels, and aluminium alloys.
- the sheet blank is formed from a 6-4 titanium alloy material.
- the first surface of the sheet blank has a first predetermined roughness value (Ra) of less than 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the first surface of the sheet blank has a first predetermined roughness value (Ra) of less than 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the first surface of the sheet blank has a first predetermined roughness value (Ra) of less than 1.0 ⁇ m.
- a computer program that, when read by a computer, causes performance of the method according to the first aspect.
- the shear forming apparatus may be controlled by a computer that is programmed by way of a corresponding computer program to carry out the method of the disclosure.
- a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable instructions that, when read by a computer, causes performance of the method according to the first aspect.
- the computer program that causes operation of the shear forming process may be stored within the computer or in a separate storage medium.
- a signal comprising computer readable instructions that, when read by a computer, causes performance of the method according to the first aspect.
- a signal may be provided to the computer that causes performance of the method of the present disclosure.
- aspects of the disclosure provide devices, methods and systems which include and/or implement some or all of the actions described herein.
- the illustrative aspects of the disclosure are designed to solve one or more of the problems herein described and/or one or more other problems not discussed.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a shear forming apparatus for carrying out the method of the present disclosure, with the material blank held against the mandrel;
- FIG. 2 shows the shear forming apparatus of FIG. 1 with the method of the present disclosure underway
- FIG. 3 shows schematically the fatigue performance of shear formed articles formed by the method of the present disclosure together with articles formed by the method of the prior art.
- a shear forming apparatus that is capable of carrying out the method of the present disclosure is designated generally by the reference numeral 100 .
- the shear forming apparatus 100 comprises a mandrel 110 that can be rotated in a direction of rotation 112 by means of a rotary actuator 114 .
- the mandrel 110 has a generally radially outwardly facing surface 118 .
- This radially outwardly facing surface 118 is formed as an inverse of the desired surface profile of the finished article resulting from the shear forming process.
- a pre-formed metallic sheet blank 120 is clamped against the distal end of the mandrel 110 by a clamping force 150 . In this way the rotation 112 of the mandrel is transmitted to the sheet blank 120 that rotates co-operatively with the mandrel 110 .
- the sheet blank 120 is provided with a first surface 122 and an opposite second surface 124 .
- the first surface 122 is subjected to a surface modification process prior to being clamped in position in the shear forming apparatus 100 .
- the surface modification process is a surface grinding process.
- the surface grinding process serves two main purposes. Firstly, it enables a thickness 126 of the sheet blank 120 to be maintained to a pre-determined value. Secondly, it enables the surface roughness of the first surface 122 to be reduced to a first predetermined roughness value that is less than the surface roughness of the ‘as-rolled’ surface.
- the surface roughness of the first surface 122 is reduced to a first predetermined roughness value of approximately 2.0 ⁇ m.
- the surface roughness of the second surface is left in the ‘as-rolled’ condition.
- the surface roughness of the second surface may also be subjected to a surface modification process to reduce a surface roughness of the second surface to a second predetermined roughness value, with the second predetermined roughness value being greater than the first predetermined roughness value.
- a controllable roller assembly 140 is provided to flow form the material of the sheet blank 120 against the radially outwardly facing surface 118 of the mandrel 110 .
- FIG. 1 shows the sheet blank 120 clamped against the mandrel 110 before the roller assembly 140 has started the flow forming of the sheet blank 120 .
- FIG. 2 shows the shear forming process underway.
- the sheet blank 120 remains clamped against the mandrel 110 by the clamping force 150 .
- the roller assembly 140 is part way through the process of flow forming the material of the sheet blank 120 against the radially outwardly facing surface 118 of the mandrel 110 .
- the shear forming process continues with the roller assembly 140 flow forming the sheet blank 120 against the radially outwardly facing surface 118 of the mandrel 110 until the component is fully formed.
- the shear forming apparatus 100 is controlled by a computer 160 .
- the computer 160 is provided with a computer program 162 that causes the computer 160 to control the shear forming apparatus 100 to carry out the method of the present disclosure.
- a computer readable storage medium 164 is provided that sends a signal 166 to the computer that causes the computer 160 to carry out the claimed method.
- shear forming is well known to a skilled person and the control of the shear forming apparatus 100 is not herein discussed in further detail.
- FIG. 3 illustrates schematically the fatigue performance of some examples of shear forming the same component but starting from sheet blanks 120 with different combinations of surface finish on opposing surfaces.
- Sheet blanks 120 having three combinations of surface finish on opposing surfaces were used. Firstly, sheet blanks 120 having both surfaces finished by grinding. Secondly, sheet blanks 120 having one surface finished by grinding, with the ground surface clamped against the mandrel and the roller assembly 140 pressed against the ‘as-rolled’ surface. Thirdly, sheet blanks 120 having one surface finished by grinding, with the ‘as-rolled’ surface clamped against the mandrel and the roller assembly 140 pressed against the ground surface.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
-
- (i) providing a pre-formed metallic sheet blank, the sheet blank having a first surface and an opposite second surface, the perpendicular separation between the first surface and the second surface defining a thickness of the sheet blank;
- (ii) applying a surface modification process to the first surface of the sheet blank to reduce a surface roughness of the first surface to a first predetermined roughness value;
- (iii) positioning the second surface of the sheet blank against a mandrel; and
- (iv) applying a roller to the first surface of the sheet blank in a shear forming operation to form the sheet blank into the component.
Description
- This disclosure claims the benefit of UK Patent Application No. GB 1702463.9, filed on 15 Feb. 2017, which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety.
- The present disclosure relates to a method of shear forming and particularly, but not exclusively, to a method of shear forming components for a gas turbine engine.
- Shear forming has been used to produce conical parts from sheet and plate material for many years. Shear forming is a cold forming technology whereby a flat metal plate blank (or ‘pre-form’) is mounted onto a rotating mandrel (typically having a conical surface profile) and the material is made to flow against and up the mandrel by the action of one or more rollers. The final wall thickness is achieved by controlling the gap between the roller and the mandrel so the material is displaced axially, and generally parallel to the axis of rotation.
- Sheet material used for shear forming, and having a thickness in excess of 3 mm is generally produced by a hot rolling process. When carrying out shear forming using hot rolled sheet material in its ‘as-rolled’ form, it has been observed that there is a marked reduction in fatigue properties of the material after shear forming. In addition the thickness tolerance on hot rolled sheet is often large (i.e. +/−10% from nominal values) due to process capability. This means that it is common practice for the ‘as-rolled’ sheet to be ground on both sides to meet the tolerances required by the engine application.
- When used in a shear forming process, this ‘fully ground’ sheet material results in a fatigue improvement in line with established understanding. This has led to a situation whereby grinding on both sides of the sheet is often stipulated prior to shear forming, which substantially increases the cost of the shear forming process.
- According to a first aspect of the present disclosure there is provided a method of shear forming a component from a pre-formed metallic sheet blank, the sheet blank having a first surface and an opposite second surface, the perpendicular separation between the first surface and the second surface defining a thickness of the sheet blank, the method comprising the steps of:
-
- (i) providing the metallic sheet blank;
- (ii) applying a surface modification process to the first surface of the sheet blank to reduce a surface roughness of the first surface to a first predetermined roughness value;
- (iii) positioning the second surface of the sheet blank against a mandrel; and
- (iv) applying a roller to the first surface of the sheet blank in a shear forming operation to form the sheet blank into the component.
- According to the method of the disclosure, if the material blank is placed in the shear forming machinery with the modified surface of the sheet facing towards the roller, as opposed to facing onto the mandrel, then the fatigue properties of the shear formed article do not reduce over those of the material itself.
- Indeed the fatigue properties of the shear formed article are improved in line with the cold work performed on the material during the shear forming process. This is an unexpected result.
- Optionally, the metallic sheet blank is formed by a rolling process, and step (ii) comprises the step of:
-
- (ii)′ applying a surface modification process to the first surface of the sheet blank to reduce a surface roughness of the first surface to a first predetermined roughness value, the second surface of the sheet blank remaining in an as-rolled condition.
- According to the method of the disclosure, if the material blank is placed in the shear forming machinery with the ‘as-rolled’ (sometimes referred to as “hot rolled”) sheet surface facing onto the mandrel, as opposed to facing onto the roller, then the fatigue properties of the shear formed article do not reduce over those of the material itself.
- Optionally, step (ii) comprises the step of:
-
- (ii)″ applying a surface modification process to the first surface of the sheet blank to reduce a surface roughness of the first surface to a first predetermined roughness value, and applying a surface modification process to the second surface of the sheet blank to reduce a surface roughness of the second surface to a second predetermined roughness value, the second predetermined roughness value being greater than the first predetermined roughness value.
- In another embodiment, a surface modification is applied to each of the first surface and the second surface. The roughness of the first surface is reduced to a first predetermined roughness value. The roughness of the second surface is reduced to a second predetermined roughness value. A feature of this embodiment is that the second predetermined roughness value being greater than the first predetermined roughness value.
- Optionally, the surface modification process is selected from the group consisting of abrasive grinding, electrochemical grinding, electrolytic etching, electro-polishing, shot blasting, grit blasting, acid pickling, molten salt bath treatment, and etching.
- Any surface modification process that substantially improves the surface finish of the first surface of the sheet blank may be used. In one arrangement, this surface modification takes the form of surface grinding. In other arrangements, the surface modification process may be electro-polishing, etching or some other equivalent technique.
- Optionally, the sheet blank is formed from a material selected from the group comprising titanium alloys nickel-cobalt-based superalloys, stainless steels, and aluminium alloys.
- In one arrangement, the sheet blank is formed from a 6-4 titanium alloy material.
- Optionally, the first surface of the sheet blank has a first predetermined roughness value (Ra) of less than 3.0 μm.
- Providing the first surface of the sheet blank with a first predetermined roughness value (Ra) of less than 3.0 μm prior to the shear forming process enables the method of the present disclosure.
- Optionally, the first surface of the sheet blank has a first predetermined roughness value (Ra) of less than 2.0 μm.
- Optionally, the first surface of the sheet blank has a first predetermined roughness value (Ra) of less than 1.0 μm.
- According to a second aspect of the present disclosure there is provided a computer program that, when read by a computer, causes performance of the method according to the first aspect.
- The shear forming apparatus may be controlled by a computer that is programmed by way of a corresponding computer program to carry out the method of the disclosure.
- According to a third aspect of the present disclosure there is provided a non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising computer readable instructions that, when read by a computer, causes performance of the method according to the first aspect.
- The computer program that causes operation of the shear forming process may be stored within the computer or in a separate storage medium.
- According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure there is provided a signal comprising computer readable instructions that, when read by a computer, causes performance of the method according to the first aspect.
- In an alternative arrangement, a signal may be provided to the computer that causes performance of the method of the present disclosure.
- Other aspects of the disclosure provide devices, methods and systems which include and/or implement some or all of the actions described herein. The illustrative aspects of the disclosure are designed to solve one or more of the problems herein described and/or one or more other problems not discussed.
- There now follows a description of an embodiment of the disclosure, by way of non-limiting example, with reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which:
-
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a shear forming apparatus for carrying out the method of the present disclosure, with the material blank held against the mandrel; -
FIG. 2 shows the shear forming apparatus ofFIG. 1 with the method of the present disclosure underway; and -
FIG. 3 shows schematically the fatigue performance of shear formed articles formed by the method of the present disclosure together with articles formed by the method of the prior art. - It is noted that the drawings may not be to scale. The drawings are intended to depict only typical aspects of the disclosure, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the disclosure. In the drawings, like numbering represents like elements between the drawings.
- Referring to
FIGS. 1 and 2 , a shear forming apparatus that is capable of carrying out the method of the present disclosure is designated generally by thereference numeral 100. - The
shear forming apparatus 100 comprises amandrel 110 that can be rotated in a direction ofrotation 112 by means of arotary actuator 114. Themandrel 110 has a generally radially outwardly facingsurface 118. This radially outwardly facingsurface 118 is formed as an inverse of the desired surface profile of the finished article resulting from the shear forming process. - A pre-formed metallic sheet blank 120 is clamped against the distal end of the
mandrel 110 by aclamping force 150. In this way therotation 112 of the mandrel is transmitted to the sheet blank 120 that rotates co-operatively with themandrel 110. - The sheet blank 120 is provided with a
first surface 122 and an oppositesecond surface 124. In the present disclosure, thefirst surface 122 is subjected to a surface modification process prior to being clamped in position in theshear forming apparatus 100. - In one arrangement, the surface modification process is a surface grinding process. The surface grinding process serves two main purposes. Firstly, it enables a
thickness 126 of the sheet blank 120 to be maintained to a pre-determined value. Secondly, it enables the surface roughness of thefirst surface 122 to be reduced to a first predetermined roughness value that is less than the surface roughness of the ‘as-rolled’ surface. - In this embodiment, the surface roughness of the
first surface 122 is reduced to a first predetermined roughness value of approximately 2.0 μm. The surface roughness of the second surface is left in the ‘as-rolled’ condition. - In other embodiments, the surface roughness of the second surface may also be subjected to a surface modification process to reduce a surface roughness of the second surface to a second predetermined roughness value, with the second predetermined roughness value being greater than the first predetermined roughness value. A
controllable roller assembly 140 is provided to flow form the material of the sheet blank 120 against the radially outwardly facingsurface 118 of themandrel 110. -
FIG. 1 shows the sheet blank 120 clamped against themandrel 110 before theroller assembly 140 has started the flow forming of thesheet blank 120.FIG. 2 shows the shear forming process underway. The sheet blank 120 remains clamped against themandrel 110 by the clampingforce 150. Theroller assembly 140 is part way through the process of flow forming the material of the sheet blank 120 against the radially outwardly facingsurface 118 of themandrel 110. - The shear forming process continues with the
roller assembly 140 flow forming the sheet blank 120 against the radially outwardly facingsurface 118 of themandrel 110 until the component is fully formed. - In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the
shear forming apparatus 100 is controlled by acomputer 160. Thecomputer 160 is provided with acomputer program 162 that causes thecomputer 160 to control theshear forming apparatus 100 to carry out the method of the present disclosure. A computerreadable storage medium 164 is provided that sends asignal 166 to the computer that causes thecomputer 160 to carry out the claimed method. - The technology of shear forming is well known to a skilled person and the control of the
shear forming apparatus 100 is not herein discussed in further detail. -
FIG. 3 illustrates schematically the fatigue performance of some examples of shear forming the same component but starting fromsheet blanks 120 with different combinations of surface finish on opposing surfaces. -
Sheet blanks 120 having three combinations of surface finish on opposing surfaces were used. Firstly,sheet blanks 120 having both surfaces finished by grinding. Secondly,sheet blanks 120 having one surface finished by grinding, with the ground surface clamped against the mandrel and theroller assembly 140 pressed against the ‘as-rolled’ surface. Thirdly,sheet blanks 120 having one surface finished by grinding, with the ‘as-rolled’ surface clamped against the mandrel and theroller assembly 140 pressed against the ground surface. - Although in production there are no controls over which surface is placed against the mandrel an intuitive situation would be to place the smoother ground side against the smooth surface of the mandrel with the roller assembly being pressed against the ‘as-rolled’ surface. This arrangement would also give rise to the cosmetic benefit of improving the rougher ‘as-rolled’ finish during the shear forming process as a result of the action of rollers. However, in reality this arrangement results in a decrease in fatigue performance. It is postulated that this decrease in fatigue performance is caused by the rollers interacting with the rough ‘as-rolled surface’ to produce microstructural features from which fatigue initiates more readily.
- As shown in
FIG. 3 placing the ‘as-rolled’ surface of the sheet blank against the mandrel, with the roller assembly pressing against the ground surface of the sheet blank, results in an increase in the fatigue performance of the formed component. - Various example embodiments of the invention are described herein. Reference is made to these examples in a non-limiting sense. They are provided to illustrate more broadly applicable aspects of the invention. Various changes may be made to the invention described and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation, material, composition of matter, process, process act(s) or step(s) to the objective(s), spirit or scope of the present invention. Further, as will be appreciated by those with skill in the art that each of the individual variations described and illustrated herein has discrete components and features which may be readily separated from or combined with the features of any of the other several embodiments without departing from the scope or spirit of the present inventions. All such modifications are intended to be within the scope of claims associated with this disclosure.
- Example aspects of the invention, together with details regarding material selection and manufacture have been set forth above. As for other details of the present invention, these may be appreciated in connection with the above-referenced patents and publications as well as generally known or appreciated by those with skill in the art. The same may hold true with respect to method-based aspects of the invention in terms of additional acts as commonly or logically employed.
- The breadth of the present invention is not to be limited to the examples provided and/or the subject specification, but rather only by the scope of claim language associated with this disclosure.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1702463.9 | 2017-02-15 | ||
GB1702463.9A GB2559745B (en) | 2017-02-15 | 2017-02-15 | A forming method |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20180229284A1 true US20180229284A1 (en) | 2018-08-16 |
Family
ID=58462032
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/896,110 Abandoned US20180229284A1 (en) | 2017-02-15 | 2018-02-14 | Forming method |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20180229284A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2559745B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020203955A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Combustion Chamber Housing and Manufacturing Process |
US11633816B1 (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-04-25 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Machining of ceramic matrix composite during preforming and partial densification |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6434502A (en) * | 1986-07-30 | 1989-02-06 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet having excellent formability |
US20130152652A1 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2013-06-20 | Cambridge Enterprise Limited | Spin forming process and apparatus for manufacturing articles by spin forming |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2023904A (en) * | 1932-06-06 | 1935-12-10 | Schulte Grinding And Polishing | Process of finishing metallic sheets |
-
2017
- 2017-02-15 GB GB1702463.9A patent/GB2559745B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2018
- 2018-02-14 US US15/896,110 patent/US20180229284A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6434502A (en) * | 1986-07-30 | 1989-02-06 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Aluminum or aluminum alloy sheet having excellent formability |
US20130152652A1 (en) * | 2010-10-01 | 2013-06-20 | Cambridge Enterprise Limited | Spin forming process and apparatus for manufacturing articles by spin forming |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020203955A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Combustion Chamber Housing and Manufacturing Process |
US11633816B1 (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-04-25 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Machining of ceramic matrix composite during preforming and partial densification |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB201702463D0 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
GB2559745A (en) | 2018-08-22 |
GB2559745B (en) | 2019-04-24 |
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